JP2001263629A - Waste treatment facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To combust gas generated from refuse completely. SOLUTION: Refuse contained in a refuse containing section is heated at a heating section in order to reduce the volume. Gas generated from the heated refuse is introduced to a gas combustion chamber 26 where it is combusted by means of a combustion burner 51 and combusted. A member 49 for forming a channel 50 is provided in the gas combustion chamber 26. The combustion burner 51 is disposed such that the blowing direction of flame has a component advancing toward the channel forming member 49 orthogonally thereto and a component parallel with the channel forming member 49. Since a flame blown out from the combustion burner 51 strikes the channel forming member 49 not perpendicularly but obliquely thereto, advancing direction of the flame is varied gently. Consequently, the gas flow does not stand in the vicinity of the blowing opening of the combustion burner 51 but flows smoothly.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste treatment apparatus for reducing the amount of waste by burning or steaming, and burning gas generated from the waste at that time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a waste treatment method, there has been proposed a waste treatment apparatus in which waste is steamed and carbonized, and gas generated when the waste is steamed is burned. . An example of a conventional waste disposal apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional front view schematically showing the structure of the waste disposal apparatus 1.

[0003] The waste treatment apparatus 1 has a primary treatment chamber 2 and a secondary treatment chamber 3. The primary processing chamber 2 has a double structure including a waste storage unit 4 and a heating chamber 5 surrounding the waste storage unit 4. The waste is stored in the waste storage unit 4 and is heated and baked by heating the heating chamber 5. The waste is gasified and carbonized by being steamed.

The waste storage section 4 and the heating chamber 5 are connected to the secondary processing chamber 3 by communication pipes 6 and 7. The gas generated from the waste in the waste storage unit 4 is guided into the secondary processing chamber 3 by the communication pipe 6 and is burned in the secondary processing chamber 3. When the gas is completely burned in the secondary processing chamber 3, the gas becomes odorless. The warmed air in the heating chamber 5 flows into the secondary processing chamber 3 from the communication pipe 7. The air flowing from the communication pipe 7 into the secondary processing chamber 3 becomes auxiliary air for burning gas generated from waste and flowing into the secondary processing chamber 3 through the communication pipe 6.

[0005] A partition 8 is provided in the secondary processing chamber 3, thereby forming a flow path. Further, a cylindrical sleeve 9 surrounding the outer periphery of the communication pipe 7 is provided in the secondary processing chamber 3.
Is provided. The height of the sleeve 9 is close to the ceiling of the secondary processing chamber 3. Then, a combustion burner 10 is arranged facing the opening 9 a formed in the sleeve 9 so that the flame blows into the sleeve 9.

[0006]

In a conventional waste treatment apparatus 1 as shown in FIG. 5, a sleeve 9 is provided substantially vertically and a combustion burner 10 is arranged so as to blow out a flame in a substantially horizontal direction. As a result, the blown flame hits the inner wall surface of the sleeve 9 at a substantially right angle. Therefore, the airflow is wound back to the combustion burner 10 side, and the combustion burner 10
Stays near the air outlet. As a result, the temperature in the secondary processing chamber 3 becomes uneven, and the flow of gas generated from waste and passing through the communication pipe 6 is obstructed, so that a large amount of gas intermittently flows in the secondary processing chamber. Flow into 3.

It is desirable that the amount of gas supplied to the secondary processing chamber 3 be substantially constant. If a large amount of gas flows into the secondary processing chamber 3 at one time, the secondary processing chamber 3
There is a disadvantage that the amount of oxygen in the inside becomes insufficient, and the gas is exhausted incompletely. In addition, a large amount of gas suddenly flows into the combustion burner 1.
0 may disappear.

Further, in the conventional waste treatment apparatus 1, the combustion burner 10 is, as shown in a cross-sectional plan view of FIG.
Since the flame to be blown is disposed above the communication pipes 6 and 7, the flame is blown out by the gas flow flowing through the communication pipes 6 and 7, as shown in the vertical front view of FIG. The burnt flame is blown from below, preventing natural combustion and causing incomplete combustion.

Further, in the conventional waste disposal apparatus 1, a narrow area is separated by providing a sleeve 9,
A combustion burner 10 is provided in the vicinity thereof. The purpose of this is to promote the spontaneous ignition of the gas by making it easy to raise the temperature of the portion where the gas that has passed through the communication pipes 6 and 7 flows in. The flow is obstructed, and the combustion state is worsened.

An object of the present invention is to completely combust gas generated from waste.

Another object of the present invention is to make the flow of gas in the secondary processing chamber smooth and eliminate temperature unevenness.

[0012]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste disposal apparatus, comprising: a waste storage section for storing waste; and a heating section for heating the waste stored in the waste storage section. A gas combustion chamber into which gas generated from heated waste flows, a combustion burner for burning the gas in the gas combustion chamber, and a flow path provided in the gas combustion chamber to form a flow path in the gas combustion chamber. In the waste treatment apparatus provided with a flow path forming member, the combustion burner is configured such that a direction in which a flame is blown out is orthogonal to the flow path forming member and travels toward the flow path forming member. It is arranged to have a direction component parallel to the member.

Therefore, the flame blown out by the combustion burner hits the flow path forming member obliquely instead of at a right angle, so that the traveling direction of the blown out flame is gently changed, so that the air flow near the outlet of the combustion burner is reduced. Flows smoothly without stagnation.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste disposal apparatus,
A waste storage unit for storing waste, a heating unit for heating the waste stored in the waste storage unit, a gas combustion chamber into which gas generated from the heated waste flows, and a gas combustion chamber In a waste treatment apparatus comprising: a combustion burner for burning the gas at; and a flow path forming member provided in the gas combustion chamber and forming a flow path in the gas combustion chamber, the combustion burner includes a flame. The blowout direction is provided so as to have a component orthogonal to the gas inflow direction and a direction component parallel to the gas inflow direction and traveling in the same direction as the gas inflow direction.

[0015] Therefore, since the flow directions of the gas generated from the waste and flowing into the gas combustion chamber and the flame blown out from the combustion burner intersect at an acute angle, it is difficult to obstruct the mutual flow.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste disposal apparatus comprising:
A waste storage unit for storing waste, a heating unit for heating the waste stored in the waste storage unit, a gas combustion chamber into which gas generated from the heated waste flows, and a gas combustion chamber In a waste treatment apparatus comprising: a combustion burner for burning the gas at; and a flow path forming member provided in the gas combustion chamber and forming a flow path in the gas combustion chamber, the combustion burner includes a flame. The direction in which the blowing direction is orthogonal to the flow path forming member and moves toward the flow path forming member, the direction component parallel to the flow path forming member, the component perpendicular to the gas inflow direction, and the gas inflow direction And a direction component in which the gas flows in the same direction as the direction in which the gas flows.

Therefore, since the flame blown out by the combustion burner hits the flow path forming member obliquely instead of at a right angle, the traveling direction of the blown out flame is gently changed, and therefore, the air flow near the outlet of the combustion burner is reduced. Flows smoothly without stagnation, and at the same time, the flow direction of the gas generated from the waste and flowing into the gas combustion chamber and the flame blowing out from the combustion burner intersect at an acute angle. Hateful.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the waste disposal apparatus according to the first, second or third aspect, wherein the combustion burner is arranged such that a direction in which the flame of the combustion burner is blown out in the gas combustion chamber. It is arranged at a position deviating from the center of the gas inlet.

Therefore, the portion of the flame blown out by the combustion burner, which is fanned by the flow of gas generated from the waste and flowing into the gas combustion chamber, is reduced, so that the flame of the combustion burner is burned in a state close to nature. be able to.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of a waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. First,
FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view showing a schematic structure of a waste disposal apparatus 21 of the present embodiment. The waste treatment apparatus 21 has a rectangular parallelepiped outer case 22, in which a combustion mechanism 23 for steaming waste and burning gas generated at that time is housed.

The combustion mechanism 23 has a primary processing chamber 24 inside.
, And a rectangular parallelepiped second tank 27 having a secondary processing chamber 26 as a gas combustion chamber. It is inclined so that the distance to the second tank 27 is different.
The first tank 25 has an inner tank 28 for storing waste.
Is stored. A waste input port 29 is formed in the inner tank 28. The waste input port 29 is provided with an open / close door (not shown).

The primary processing chamber 24 in the first tank 25 is divided into a steaming chamber 30 as a waste storage in the inner tank 28 and a heating chamber 31 outside the inner tank 28. The heating chamber 31 is provided with a heating burner 32 serving as a heating unit, and the heating chamber 31 is heated by the heating burner 32 so that the waste in the steaming chamber 30 is steamed.

When the waste in the steaming chamber 30 is steamed, gas is generated from the waste. An inner pipe 33 for guiding the gas to the secondary processing chamber 26 is set up from the inner tank 28. . The tip of this inner tube 33 is a gas inlet 33a.
It is. Further, the heating burner 32 includes an air supply fan that takes in outside air into the heating chamber 31 and a pump (both not shown) that supplies fuel such as kerosene. Then, the first tank 25 is used to guide the air in the heating chamber 31 warmed by the heating burner 32 to the secondary processing chamber 26 as auxiliary combustion air for taking in oxygen necessary for burning the gas.
An outer tube 34 for connecting the first tank 25 and the second tank 27 is provided between the first tank 25 and the second tank 27 to communicate the heating chamber 31 with the secondary processing chamber 26. Here, the outer tube 34 is provided so as to surround the inner tube 33. The inner pipe 33 and the outer pipe 34 form a communication pipe 35.

In the steaming chamber 30, a stirrer 36 for stirring the waste is rotatably provided. This stirrer 3
6 comprises a pair of support plates 37 formed in a triangular shape, and three stirring rods 38 connecting these support plates 37. A support shaft 39 is provided at the center of one support plate 37.
Is fixed, and the support shaft 39 is held via a bearing 41 on an end plate 40 that closes one end of the inner tank 28. The center of the other support plate 37 is supported by a shaft on a surface facing the end plate 40. Support shaft 3 protruding from end plate 40
A sprocket 42 is fixed to the end of the sprocket 9, and a chain 45 extends between the sprocket 42 and a sprocket 44 fixed to the shaft of the stirring motor 43.
An outlet 46 is provided below the end plate 40 for scraping carbonized waste from the steaming chamber 30 after the processing.

An exhaust tower 48 having an exhaust port 47 is formed above the second tank 27. In the secondary processing chamber 26, a partition wall 49, which is a flow path forming member that protrudes alternately from above and below in the opposite direction from the inner peripheral surface of the second tank 27, is provided so that the gas reaches the exhaust tower 48. Path 50 that takes at least 2 seconds
Are formed. Further, since the heat insulating material 62 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the secondary processing chamber 26, the temperature of the gas flowing through the flow path 50 is maintained at about 900 ° C.

A combustion burner 51 is provided near the communication pipe 35 of the secondary processing chamber 26. Burner for combustion 5
1 and the heat from the heating burner 32 flowing through the outer tube 34, the temperature of the secondary processing chamber 26 during combustion rises to about 900 ° C.

Here, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing the combustion burner 51 and its peripheral structure partially enlarged.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view. First, as shown in FIG. 2, the combustion burner 51 is arranged such that the direction of the blow-out of the flame is oblique to the flow direction of the gas flowing through the communication pipe 35. As shown in FIG. 3, the combustion burner 51 is disposed such that the direction in which the flame is blown out is oblique to the partition wall 49. It is provided so as to be located at a position deviated from immediately above the communication pipe 35.

An exhaust tower roof 52 is provided on the upper surface of the outer case 22 so as to cover the upper part of the exhaust tower 48. This exhaust tower roof 52 is formed from a roof part 53 and a side wall part 54,
An outlet 55 from which exhaust gas exhausted from the exhaust tower 48 blows out is formed in the side wall portion 54. The provision of the exhaust tower roof 52 prevents rainwater, leaves, and the like from entering the secondary processing chamber 26. And the exhaust tower 4
8 is provided with a temperature sensor 56 for measuring the temperature of the exhaust gas to be exhausted.

The first tank 25 is provided with a cooling blower 57 for taking in outside air when cooling the inside of the apparatus. An exhaust port 58 for exhausting air taken in by the cooling blower 57 when cooling the apparatus is provided at an upper portion of the first tank 25. The exhaust port 58 has an exhaust valve 59 for opening and closing the exhaust port 58. Is provided.

Further, a cooling fan 61 for communicating the inside of the outer case 22 with the outside, sucking out the gas in the outer case 22 and cooling the entire periphery of the combustion mechanism 23 is provided on the top plate 60 of the outer case 22. Is provided.

An operation box (not shown) is provided on the surface of the outer case 22 where the waste input port 29 is located. Various operation keys such as a start key for starting waste disposal are provided in the operation box. An operation panel provided with a switch is provided. The outer case 22 is also provided with a control box (not shown) containing a control board and the like. The control board includes a CPU, ROM, and RAM (not shown). Various programs are stored in the ROM.
U controls each unit according to the program. RAM
Temporarily stores various information, and some areas are used as various counters and the like. Each series of waste treatment process,
When the operator operates the start key, the CPU controls the program according to the program and the program is automatically advanced.

In such a configuration, the waste to be treated by opening the open / close door (not shown) is first placed in the waste inlet 2.
The waste is put into the steaming chamber 30 from 9, the opening / closing door is closed, and the start key is operated, so that the disposal of the waste is started. That is, the respective burners 32 and 51 are ignited and heating is started.

When the heating chamber 31 is heated, the inside of the steaming chamber 30 is indirectly heated, the temperature in the steaming chamber 30 rises, and the waste is steamed. During the heating, the stirring body 43 is rotated around the support shaft 39 by driving the stirring motor 43 as needed, whereby the waste in the steaming chamber 30 is stirred.

As the temperature of the waste increases, the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 56 increases, and gas starts to be generated from the waste. Gas generated from the waste flows into the secondary processing chamber 26 from the steaming chamber 30 through the inner pipe 33. Then, the gas is heated by the heat from the combustion burner 51, and further heated by the heat from the heating burner 32 flowing into the secondary processing chamber 26 through the outer pipe 34 and burns.

The outside air taken into the heating chamber 31 by the air supply fan of the heating burner 32 is preheated in the heating chamber 31 and then supplied to the secondary processing chamber 26.
It becomes auxiliary combustion air when burning gas generated from waste. Since the outer pipe 34 surrounds the inner pipe 33, the flow of the auxiliary air flowing into the secondary processing chamber 26 through the outer pipe 34 is
Since the gas generated from the waste works to be extracted from the inner pipe 33, the processing is promoted.

The gas generated from the waste flows from the steaming chamber 30 through the inner pipe 33 into the secondary processing chamber 26, where combustion is started. The inside of the secondary processing chamber 26 is heated by the heat of the flame blown out by the combustion burner 51 and the inside of the secondary processing chamber 26 is heated to about 900 ° C. by the flow of heated auxiliary air from inside the heating chamber 31. Therefore, the gas flowing into the secondary processing chamber 26 spontaneously ignites, and the combustion starts smoothly.

The gas whose combustion has started in the secondary processing chamber 26 flows through the flow path 50 while burning, and is exhausted from the exhaust tower 48. Here, the flow of gas in the secondary processing chamber 26 will be described with reference to FIG. The flame blown out from the combustion burner 51 hits the partition 49 or the inner wall of the second tank 27 and changes its traveling direction. As a result, a spirally rising flow shown by a thin solid line in FIG. 4 is formed above the communication pipe 15, and the gas smoothly rises along this flow. Then, while burning, the gas flows along the flow path 50 shown by the thick dashed line in FIG. 4 and is exhausted from the exhaust port 47.

Since the heat insulating material 62 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the secondary processing chamber 26, the heat in the secondary processing chamber 26 is less likely to be transmitted to the outer peripheral surface of the second tank 27. 2
6 is partitioned by a partition 49 so that the secondary processing chamber 26
It is difficult for internal heat to escape from the exhaust tower 48. Therefore, the temperature of the gas flowing through the secondary processing chamber 26 during combustion is maintained at about 900 ° C. Moreover, since the gas during combustion in the secondary processing chamber 26 flows along the flow path 50 partitioned by the partition wall 49, the distance during which the gas during combustion flows increases, and the time required to reach the exhaust tower 48 is increased. Takes at least 2 seconds. Therefore, the burning gas flowing in the secondary processing chamber 26 is maintained at a temperature of about 900 ° C. for at least 2 seconds to completely burn, so that the unburned gas is not discharged to the atmosphere, and the generation of unpleasant odor is prevented. Is prevented.

Here, when the gas at about 900 ° C. in the secondary processing chamber 26 is exhausted from the exhaust tower 48, the gas is mixed with other air to lower its temperature. If the temperature of the gas exhausted from the secondary processing chamber 26 is too high, a fire may be caused. Therefore, the upper limit is set to about 650 ° C. in the present embodiment. During waste disposal,
If the temperature sensor 56 detects that the temperature of the post-combustion gas exhausted from the exhaust tower 48 becomes too high, the heating burner 32 is stopped, the exhaust valve 59 is opened, and the cooling blower 57 is operated. By cooling the heating chamber 31, the temperature of the steaming chamber 30 is lowered to reduce the amount of gas generated from the waste. Thus, the amount of gas flowing into the secondary processing chamber 26 is reduced, so that combustion in the secondary processing chamber 26 is suppressed, and the temperature of the secondary processing chamber 26 is reduced.

When the temperature sensor 56 detects that the exhaust gas temperature has dropped to an appropriate temperature, the cooling blower 57 is stopped, the exhaust valve 59 is closed, and the heating burner 32 is re-ignited. In this way, control is performed so that the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 56 becomes substantially constant.

The gas after combustion is exhausted from an exhaust tower 48. The heating burner 32 and the combustion burner 51 are stopped when a predetermined time has elapsed after the start of the waste treatment. The predetermined time set here is set in the steaming room 30.
The time is set to be long enough to prevent gas from being generated from the waste put inside. Then, the exhaust valve 59 is opened, the cooling blower 57 and the cooling fan 61 operate, and cooling air is blown to cool the inner tank 28. As a result, the temperature of the gas in the secondary processing chamber 26 decreases. After cooling, the outlet 46 is opened and the steaming room 3 is opened.
The carbonized waste remaining in the area 0 is taken out, and the waste treatment ends.

According to the present embodiment, the combustion burner 5
Since the flame blown out by the blower 1 strikes the partition wall 49 at an angle instead of at a right angle, the traveling direction of the blown out flame is gently changed, so that the airflow flows smoothly near the outlet of the combustion burner 51 without stagnation. . Further, since the flow directions of the gas generated from the waste and flowing into the secondary processing chamber 26 and the flame blown out from the combustion burner 51 intersect at an acute angle, it is difficult to hinder the mutual flow. Since the portion of the flame blown out by the combustion burner 51 which is fanned by the flow of the gas generated from the waste and flowing into the secondary processing chamber 26 is reduced, the flame of the combustion burner 51 is burned in a state close to nature. Can be done. Therefore, incomplete combustion is less likely to occur.

Furthermore, as in the present embodiment, by appropriately setting the direction of the flame blown out by the combustion burner 51, a flow spiraling up the communication pipe 15 is formed, so that the gas can be smoothly discharged. Can be shed.

[0044]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the flame blown out by the combustion burner strikes the flow path forming member not obliquely but at right angles, the traveling direction of the blown out flame is changed gently. The airflow flows smoothly without stagnation near the outlet of the combustion burner. This makes it possible to smooth the flow of gas in the secondary processing chamber, reduce temperature unevenness, and prevent incomplete combustion.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the flow direction of the gas generated from the waste and flowing into the gas combustion chamber and the flow of the flame blown out from the combustion burner intersect at an acute angle.
It is hard to hinder each other's flow. This makes the flow of gas in the secondary processing chamber smooth and reduces temperature unevenness,
Incomplete combustion is less likely to occur.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the flame blown out by the combustion burner hits the flow path forming member not obliquely but obliquely, the traveling direction of the blown out flame is changed gently. The air current flows smoothly without stagnation near the outlet of the combustion burner, and at the same time, the flow direction of the gas generated from the waste and flowing into the gas combustion chamber and the flame blowing out from the combustion burner cross at an acute angle. Therefore, it is difficult to hinder each other's flow. This makes it possible to smooth the flow of gas in the secondary processing chamber, reduce temperature unevenness, and prevent incomplete combustion.

According to the invention set forth in claim 4, claim 1 and claim 1
In the invention described in 2 or 3, the portion of the flame blown out by the combustion burner, which is generated by the flow of the gas generated from the waste and flowing into the gas combustion chamber, is reduced, so that the flame of the combustion burner is almost in a natural state. Can be burned. Thereby, incomplete combustion can be made difficult to occur.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view schematically showing the structure of a waste disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing a part of the enlarged view.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view showing a partly enlarged view.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional front view showing a gas flow in a secondary processing chamber.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional front view schematically showing the structure of an example of a conventional waste disposal apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional plan view showing a partially enlarged view.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing a part of the enlarged view.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 21 waste treatment apparatus 26 gas combustion chamber 30 waste storage section 32 heating section 33a inflow port 49 flow path forming member 50 flow path 51 combustion burner

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A waste storage unit for storing waste, a heating unit for heating the waste stored in the waste storage unit,
A gas combustion chamber into which gas generated from heated waste flows, a combustion burner for burning the gas in the gas combustion chamber, and a flow path provided in the gas combustion chamber to form a flow path in the gas combustion chamber. In the waste treatment apparatus provided with a flow path forming member, the combustion burner has a direction component in which a flame blowing direction is orthogonal to the flow path forming member and advances toward the flow path forming member, and the flow path forming member. A waste component disposed so as to have a direction component parallel to the waste material. 2. A waste storage unit for storing waste, a heating unit for heating the waste stored in the waste storage unit,
A gas combustion chamber into which gas generated from heated waste flows, a combustion burner for burning the gas in the gas combustion chamber, and a flow path provided in the gas combustion chamber to form a flow path in the gas combustion chamber. In the waste treatment apparatus including a flow path forming member, the combustion burner has a direction in which the gas flows in a direction in which the flame blows out, a component orthogonal to the gas inflow direction, and a direction in which the gas flows in parallel to the gas inflow direction. A waste disposal apparatus, which is disposed so as to have a direction component traveling in the same direction. 3. A waste storage unit for storing waste, a heating unit for heating the waste stored in the waste storage unit,
A gas combustion chamber into which gas generated from heated waste flows, a combustion burner for burning the gas in the gas combustion chamber, and a flow path provided in the gas combustion chamber to form a flow path in the gas combustion chamber. In the waste treatment apparatus provided with a flow path forming member, the combustion burner has a direction component in which a flame blowing direction is orthogonal to the flow path forming member and advances toward the flow path forming member, and the flow path forming member. And a component perpendicular to the gas inflow direction and a direction component parallel to the gas inflow direction and traveling in the same direction as the gas inflow direction. Waste treatment equipment. 4. The combustion burner according to claim 1, wherein the direction in which the flame of the combustion burner blows out is deviated from the center of the gas inlet in the gas combustion chamber. , 2 or 3.