JPH10160139A - Refuse disposal apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To more securely oxidize and decompose odor components in a secondary combustion chamber and more easily and properly realize deodorization of waste gas than the prior art in a domestic refuse disposal apparatus which schedules cooling of a casing and waste gas control after secondary combustion. SOLUTION: This apparatus comprises a primary combustion chamber 5 for burning wet refuse from an upstream side into which air is introduced, a secondary combustion chamber 13 for secondary combusting unburned gas in the primary combustion chamber 5, an adsorbent 31 for deodorizing passage air, and an air intake blower 32 in order from the upstream side. The secondary combustion is achieved with combustion of a fuel supplied to the secondary combustion chamber 13, and unburned gas fed to the secondary combustion chamber 13 is mixed with fresh air for secure oxidization decomposition and complete combustion. The gas exhausted from the secondary combustion chamber 13 becomes odorless gas at this time, which is further passed through the absorbent 31 and is exhausted through the air fan blower 32 as completely odorless and smokeless waste gas.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a small-scale refuse treatment apparatus used in kitchens and the like for burning garbage and combustible waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this kind of refuse treatment apparatus, for example, one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-170834 is known. The primary combustion chamber 10 for burning garbage and the like, the secondary combustion chamber 20 for secondary burning of the combustible gas generated from the primary combustion chamber 10, the exhaust gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber 20 and the heat The heat recovery unit 30 to be exchanged, the gas dilution unit 70 for mixing the exhaust gas passing through the heat recovery unit 30 with the air, and the air to the secondary combustion chamber 20 and the gas dilution unit 70 via the nozzles 22 and 41. And a blower 50 for supply.

In such a configuration, a resistance heating element 21 is disposed in the secondary combustion chamber, and the resistance heating element 21
The secondary combustion chamber is heated by energizing the secondary combustion chamber, and the combustible gas (unburned gas) sent from the primary combustion chamber is burned again and discharged. This secondary combustion completely removes the combustible gas. It aims to burn and emit odorless and smokeless exhaust gas.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-208407 discloses a large-scale refuse incineration system having a combustion chamber for incinerating garbage and a reburning chamber for reburning unburned gas generated from the combustion chamber with a burner. A furnace is disclosed.

[0005]

However, even if the former prior art is intended for complete combustion in the secondary combustion chamber, if the secondary combustion is performed only by the resistance heating element as described above, the primary combustion is performed. Odorous combustible gas generated in the room may not be completely oxidized and decomposed, and may not be deodorized.

In this respect, in the latter technique, since the unburned gas is reburned by the burner, complete oxidative decomposition can be expected. However, since the structure is not intended for household use such as a kitchen, the reburning chamber is not used. In the unlikely event that the oxidative decomposition is incomplete, exhaust gas control and cooling control of the housing are not sufficiently performed, so that it cannot be used as it is for home use.

Therefore, according to the present invention, in a household refuse treatment apparatus which is intended to cool the housing and control exhaust gas after secondary combustion, odor components are more reliably oxidized and decomposed in the secondary combustion chamber. It is an object of the present invention to provide a refuse treatment apparatus which can realize odorless exhaust gas more easily and accurately than before.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a refuse treatment apparatus according to the present invention comprises a primary combustion chamber for burning garbage and an unburned gas in the primary combustion chamber from an upstream side of an air flow. A secondary combustion chamber for secondary combustion, an adsorbent for deodorizing passing air, and an intake blower are provided, and fresh air flowing from the outside is guided to the primary combustion chamber and also circulated around the primary combustion chamber, and further, In the apparatus in which the fresh air is mixed with the unburned gas guided to the secondary combustion chamber, the secondary combustion is performed by burning fuel supplied to the secondary combustion chamber. (Claim 1).

The primary combustion chamber is a combustion heater (resistance heating element)
Garbage may be incinerated by energizing the primary combustion chamber, and air required for combustion may be introduced into the primary combustion chamber from below. In addition, in order to mix fresh air with unburned gas flowing out of the primary combustion chamber, a configuration may be adopted in which a passage for introducing fresh air is connected to a passage that transitions from the primary combustion chamber to the secondary combustion chamber. .

Also, a primary combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber, an adsorbent,
An air supply blower may be provided at the most upstream side of the airflow, in contrast to the configuration in which the intake blowers are arranged in this order. Such an air supply blower discharges exhaust gas that has passed through the adsorbent to the outside and opens a discharge path to the outside air introduction path,
A configuration in which exhaust gas is supplied to the primary combustion chamber and its surroundings while introducing outside air, that is, a configuration in which the intake blower also serves as an air supply function may be employed.

Further, fresh air may be further mixed with the exhaust gas in order to dilute the exhaust gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber.

Therefore, in the refuse treatment apparatus of the present invention, when the most downstream intake blower is operated, the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber located on the upstream side thereof become negative pressure, Fresh air is introduced into the combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber, and is also supplied around the primary combustion chamber.
For this reason, when garbage is put into the primary combustion chamber and combustion is started, the garbage starts to burn after moisture evaporates, but the high-temperature and high-humidity combustion gas generated in such a process is generated around the primary combustion chamber. While being sent to the secondary combustion chamber while leaving the odor. The unburned gas sent to the secondary combustion chamber is mixed with fresh air and is supplied with sufficient oxygen to be easily burned, and is reliably oxidized and decomposed by the combustion of the fuel supplied to the secondary combustion chamber. Burned.

At this point, the gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber becomes an odorless gas. However, the gas is passed through an adsorbent for further treatment, and the exhaust gas is exhausted as a completely odorless and smokeless exhaust gas. Discharged through a blower.

The supply of the fuel to the secondary fuel chamber is not always supplied, but may be supplied only in an initial state where there is no ignition in the secondary fuel chamber, and may not be supplied after the ignition has been performed once ( Claim 2). The reason that the fuel is supplied only in the early stage of the operation is that the unburned gas sent to the secondary combustion chamber is flammable. This is because combustion is continued.

Further, a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber is provided, and the presence or absence of combustion in the secondary combustion chamber is determined by the temperature detector, and it is determined that the combustion in the secondary combustion chamber has ceased. In this case, the fuel may be supplied (claim 3). In this case, the time for continuously supplying the fuel may be determined as a predetermined time, and the fuel may be supplied for a predetermined time each time combustion stops. According to this, even if secondary combustion is not performed for some reason, oxidative decomposition of the flammable gas can be secured again, and fuel can be saved by supplying fuel only when necessary at the same time. .

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, the refuse treatment apparatus includes a heat-resistant casing 1 in which a first combustion case 2 formed in a double cylindrical shape is housed, and the first combustion case 2 has a heat insulating material 3 on its peripheral surface. And a predetermined gap 4 is formed between the housing 1 and the housing 1. A primary combustion chamber 5 for incinerating garbage is constituted by the combustion case 2, and an exhaust space 6 formed between an inner wall and an outer wall of the combustion case 2 through an exhaust hole 7 formed in the inner wall. The primary combustion chamber 5 is in communication.

In the primary combustion chamber 5, a tray 8 is arranged. Above the tray 8, a heater 9 which generates heat when energized and a heater cover 10 which covers the heater 9 are provided above the tray 8. . The heater 9 is, for example, a sheath type heater formed by passing a heater wire through a heat-resistant pipe, and is capable of generating heat up to nearly 600 degrees. The heater cover 10 contacts or approaches the heater 9 to
The combustion case 2 is fixed so that a gap is formed between the combustion case 2 and the inner wall surface.

The receiving tray 8 is provided so as to partition the middle of the first combustion case 2 up and down, and its central portion is swelled downward so that water and oil in the garbage can be temporarily removed without falling down. It can be stored temporarily. The receiving tray 8 is pivotally supported by the combustion case 2 by a shaft provided on one side thereof, and is rotatable from a horizontal position to a substantially vertical position. As a method of rotating the pan 8,
A configuration is conceivable in which a lever fixed to one end of a shaft and a drive lever of, for example, a motor actuator fixed in a housing are connected by a rod.

Below the first combustion case 2, there is disposed an ash storage container 11 for temporarily storing ash falling from above, and the ash storage container 11 has a handle provided on the front. By putting it in and out, it is detachable from the housing 1.

A second combustion case 12 is provided at the back of the first combustion case 2, and a secondary combustion chamber 13 is constituted by the second combustion case 12. The inlet side of the secondary combustion chamber 13 is connected to the exhaust space 6 via a communication passage 14 provided between the first combustion case 2 and the second combustion case 12, and the outlet side is a pipe. The opening 15 opens to the mixing passage 16.

A ventilation hole 17 is formed in the lower part of the housing 1,
The outside air is introduced through the ventilation holes 17 and a clearance formed at a place where the ash storage container 11 is attached. The introduced air is supplied to the first combustion case 2
Is introduced into the primary combustion chamber 5 from below, and the communication passage 1
After being mixed with the exhaust gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber 5 through an introduction passage 18 formed by extending the opening 4 downward, the mixture is guided to the inlet side of the secondary combustion chamber 13. Furthermore, it is also introduced into a gap 4 formed between the housing 1 and the first combustion case 2, and this gap 4 is formed inside the upper part of the housing 1 in the storage case 2. It is connected to the mixing passage 16 via an upper space 19 formed around it.

As shown in FIG. 2, the secondary combustion chamber 13 is provided with a fuel supply pipe 20 for supplying fuel such as kerosene and gas, and an ignition coil 21 for igniting the fuel. For example, a case where a liquid fuel such as kerosene is used will be described. A supply pump 22 for supplying fuel is provided in the fuel supply pipe 20, and fuel in a fuel tank 23 attached to the housing 1 is supplied to the fuel supply pipe 20. The power is supplied to a light core (not shown) provided at the open end.

Control of ON / OFF of the heater 9, operation of the supply pump 22, energization of the ignition coil 21, and the like are performed by the control unit 35. That is, the control unit 35 receives signals from the temperature sensors 24 and 25 that come into contact with the first and second combustion cases 2 and 12 to measure the combustion temperature, the operation panel 26, and the like, and outputs signals from the operation panel 26. Operation switch (S
W) The relays 28 and 29 are turned ON / OFF according to a program stored in advance by the operation of W) 27, and ON / OFF control of energization to the ignition coil 21 is performed.

A cover 3 for opening and closing an inlet formed in an upper portion of the first combustion case 2 is provided above the primary combustion chamber 5.
0 is provided, and an adsorbent 31 such as activated carbon is disposed below the mixing passage 16, and a downstream side of the adsorbent 31, that is,
Below the adsorbent material 31, a suction unit of a blower 32 composed of, for example, a sirocco fan is arranged. The sending device 32 is rotated by a motor 33 controlled by a control unit 35, sucks air from a suction portion, and blows air to the outside from a discharge port 34 provided at a lower portion of the housing 1. I have.

In the above configuration, when incinerating garbage, the lid 30 is opened, and the garbage to be disposed of is put into the primary combustion chamber 5 through the charging port. Although garbage falls on the upper surfaces of the heater cover 10 and the tray 8, particularly large dust is caught on the heater cover 10, and water and oil accumulate on the tray because the tray 8 swells downward. In this state, when the lid 30 is closed and the operation switch 27 of the operation panel 26 on the housing surface is turned on to start the combustion process, the heater 9 and the supply pump 22 are energized, and the ignition coil 21 is energized. And the combustion in the second combustion chambers 5 and 13 is started. At the same time, the blower 32 rotates.

By the rotation of the blower 32 arranged at the most downstream side, the upstream side becomes negative pressure, and the air is sucked into the housing 1 through the air inlet 17 and the clearance at the place where the ash storage container 11 is attached. A part of the sucked air is introduced from below the first combustion case 2 as air necessary for combustion and supplied to the primary combustion chamber 5. By the heating by the heater 9, the garbage starts to burn after the moisture in the garbage evaporates.
The exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust hole 7 to the exhaust space 6 between the outer wall and the inner wall of the combustion case 2 and is guided to the secondary combustion chamber 13 through the communication passage 14.

At this time, the air required for the secondary combustion is supplied by guiding the fresh air sucked into the housing 1 through the introduction passage 18. In the secondary combustion chamber 13, since the fuel is directly burned instead of the heating method using the heater, the unburned gas sent from the primary combustion chamber 5 is completely burned to remove odor components.

After the combustion in the secondary combustion chamber 13, the mixing passage 16
Exhaust gas discharged to the mixing passage 16 may be condensed and condensed when the temperature is lowered if the exhaust gas is discharged as it is, but air is introduced into the mixing passage 16 from the upper space 19. Therefore, the exhaust gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber 13 is mixed with this air and diluted, and no condensation occurs even when the temperature decreases.

Further, the cooling efficiency of the exhaust gas is increased by mixing with the air, and the temperature of the gas finally discharged to the outside is reduced by 40%.
It is possible to lower the temperature to ５０50 ° C. Secondary combustion chamber 1
In No. 3, the complete oxidative decomposition of the unburned substances can be realized by directly burning the fuel. However, even if a gas that cannot be oxidized is discharged to the mixing passage 16 in such a case, such a situation occurs. Such gases are discharged to the outside as odorless and smokeless gases by passing through the adsorbent 31.

Further, the air supplied to the mixing passage 16 is formed in parallel with the combustion chambers 5, 13, and the gap 4 and the upper space formed between the housing 1 and the first combustion case 2. 19, the heat generated from the combustion chambers 5 and 13 is less likely to be transmitted to the surface of the housing 1 and the lid 30, and the housing 1 is cooled by the air passing through the gap 4 and the like, and the surface temperature is reduced. Is never high.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of an operation process for controlling the dust processing apparatus based on a program given to the control unit. When the control unit determines that the operation switch 27 on the operation panel is turned on, (Step 50), the heater 9 is energized to start primary combustion (Step 52), and the supply pump 22 is operated to temporarily supply fuel to the fuel supply pipe 20 (Step 54). Thereafter, the ignition coil 21 is energized to burn the fuel supplied by the combustion supply pipe 20 (step 56).

As a result, the combustible gas generated from the primary combustion chamber 5 is sent to the secondary combustion chamber 13, but in the early stage of operation of the refuse treatment device, the combustible gas is secondarily combusted by the combustion of the fuel. Although the supply of fuel is performed only temporarily in the initial stage of operation, even if the supply of fuel is stopped, once the flammable gas is ignited, the flammable gas sent sequentially is ignited in a chain. Combustion in the next combustion chamber is maintained.

This state can be confirmed by checking the signal from the temperature sensor 25, and may be performed by recognizing that the temperature T of the secondary combustion chamber is higher than the predetermined temperature α (steps 58 and 62). . And the secondary combustion chamber 1
When the combustion in the primary combustion chamber 5 is completed without interruption of the combustion in the fuel supply 3, if the fuel supply is stopped, the state is maintained, and if the fuel supply is performed in step 66 described later, the state is stopped. Then, the combustion process ends (steps 60 and 64).

If the secondary combustion is interrupted for some reason in a state where the primary combustion has not been completed, there is no ignition source, and the combustible gas delivered from the primary combustion is not completely burned.
However, if such a situation occurs, the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 13 detected by the temperature sensor 25 decreases. Fuel is supplied for a time, and secondary combustion is again induced by energizing the ignition coil 21 (steps 66 and 68).

Therefore, in the secondary combustion chamber 13, fuel is supplied and ignited only when there is no ignition at the beginning of combustion and when the ignition is cut off during combustion.
The fuel efficiency can be suppressed while the oxidative decomposition of the combustible gas in Step 3 is maintained as long as possible.

[0036]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The unburned gas generated in the primary combustion chamber is sent to the secondary combustion chamber together with fresh air, and the fuel is burned in the secondary combustion chamber. Since it can be oxidatively decomposed, the odor component of the exhaust gas that has passed through the secondary combustion chamber can be completely removed, and deodorization can be realized.

According to the present invention, the primary combustion chamber, the secondary combustion chamber, the adsorbent, and the intake blower are arranged in this order to supply fresh air to the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber. Since a ventilation path was formed in parallel with the primary combustion chamber,
At the same time as improving the combustion efficiency, reducing the heat transfer of the combustion chamber to the outside by the air flowing around the combustion chamber,
It is possible to prevent the device surface from becoming hot.

Further, the supply of the fuel to the secondary fuel chamber is not always supplied, but may be supplied only in the early stage of the operation of the apparatus, and may not be supplied after the fuel is once ignited. Even with this configuration, since the unburned gas sent to the secondary combustion chamber is flammable, combustion in the secondary combustion chamber is continued, and fuel can be saved. In addition, fuel may be supplied not only at the beginning of combustion but also when it is determined that combustion in the secondary combustion chamber has ceased. In this case, if secondary combustion disappears for some reason, Therefore, it is possible to save fuel while ensuring the oxidative decomposition of the combustible gas.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a control circuit that controls the waste treatment apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a control operation performed by the control unit in FIG. 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 housing 4 gap 5 primary combustion chamber 13 secondary combustion chamber 18 introduction passage 31 adsorbent 32 intake blower

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI F23G 5/16 ZAB F23G 5/16 ZABE 5/50 ZAB 5/50 ZABM ZABJ

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A primary combustion chamber for burning garbage, a secondary combustion chamber for secondary burning of unburned gas in the primary combustion chamber, an adsorbent for deodorizing passing air, and an intake blower from an upstream side of the airflow. To guide the fresh air flowing from the outside to the primary combustion chamber and also to flow around the primary combustion chamber, and to mix the fresh air with the unburned gas guided to the secondary combustion chamber. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the secondary combustion is performed by burning fuel supplied to the secondary combustion chamber. 2. The refuse treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fuel supplied to the secondary fuel chamber is supplied at an early stage of operation when it is not ignited, and is not supplied after being ignited once. 3. A temperature detector for detecting a temperature of the secondary combustion chamber is provided, and the presence or absence of combustion in the secondary combustion chamber is determined by the temperature detector. The fuel is supplied to ignite when it is determined that the fuel has been exhausted.
Or the refuse treatment apparatus according to 2.