JP2001262537A - Concrete formed body and block - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a concrete formed body and block allowing diatom and seaweed to surely and continuously adhere thereonto and capable of creating an excellent inhabitable environment to aquatic organism and aquatic plants. SOLUTION: Air-cooled blast furnace slog 4 is buried in the surface of concrete panels 3. When a fish reef block 1 is installed in a desired sea area, the air-cooled blast furnace slag is exposed to sea water and, by the sea water, silica and calcium contained in the air-cooled blast-furnace slag are dissolved and the silica contained in the slag increased. Then, not only the diatom requiring silica grows on the air-cooled blast-furnace slag but also the diatom grows around these areas. As a result, the aquatic organisms using the diatom as food adhere to these areas.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to construction of coastal protection works such as revetment, embankment, wave breaking, jetty, etc. in the sea area or brackish water area, installation of artificial reefs, construction of artificial breeding area for kelp and rock paste, etc. The present invention relates to a concrete molded body installed on a floor surface or a shore of a water body when constructing an artificial breeding area for shellfish such as oysters, and a block having the concrete molded body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Today, coastal protection works in marine and brackish waters have advantages such as increased strength, shortened construction period, durability, and reduced construction costs. And other concrete structures are often used.

[0003] However, concrete structures are not always familiar to aqueous organisms and plants that inhabit seawater or brackish water. This is because Portland cement used as a material for concrete structures contains many strongly alkaline components that fish and aquatic organisms dislike. Therefore, in the past, a method has been adopted in which concrete made of blast furnace cement having a low alkali component is used instead of this and the harm is eliminated.

However, it has been found that the habitat of aquatic organisms and aquatic plants is still severe and, for example, the state of algae and seaweeds that feed on fish and shellfish is significantly inferior to natural stones.

[0005]

By the way, when a concrete structure made of blast furnace cement is constructed in the above-mentioned water area as described above, seaweed is contained in the concrete structure for about one year after the construction of the structure. Although it was confirmed that epiphytes had formed, a phenomenon was observed in which seaweed did not form much after that, for example, two years later. A similar phenomenon was observed in concrete structures constructed for the purpose of breeding rock glue.

The present invention pays attention to the above-mentioned phenomena, and provides a concrete molded article and a block in which diatoms and seaweeds are continuously formed and can create an excellent habitat for aqueous organisms and plants. It is intended to be.

[0007]

In general, a major cause of destruction of aquatic organisms and aquatic plants by a concrete structure is that a strongly alkaline component contained therein is dissolved in water. In this regard, improvement has been achieved by using concrete made of blast furnace cement instead of Portland cement as described above.

[0008] The present applicant has proposed that the present applicant take this step one step further and actively create a habitat preferred by aquatic organisms and aquatic plants. First, the present applicant has focused on diatoms that are preferred by aquatic organisms among algae. Diatoms have siliceous shells as cell walls,
To maintain this, it has a special nutritional requirement that silicon (Si) must be incorporated in the form of orthosilicic acid (Si (OH) ₄ ). In addition, diatoms have been found to require small amounts of silicon not only for cell wall formation but also for pure DNA synthesis. Thinking this the other way around,
Diatoms tend to thrive in an environment rich in silicon.

Therefore, the applicant of the present invention has adopted blast furnace slag that has been gradually cooled as a material to be used as a material for concrete. Slowly cooled blast furnace slag, i.e., slowly cooled slag, is a molten slag in which components other than iron of the iron ore melted in the process of manufacturing pig iron are separated and recovered together with limestone as an auxiliary material and ash in coke. It is a crystalline rock-like slag produced by cooling furnace slag (slag) gradually with natural heat radiation and moderate watering.

During the slow cooling of the blast furnace slag, silica (SiO ₂ ), lime (CaO),
Magnesium oxide (MgO), alumina (Al ₂ O ₃₎ Dicalcium by the respective component ratios silicon gate (2CaO · SiO _2), melilite (3CaO · Na ₂ O
Crystals having a shape such as (P ₂ O ₅ ) are generated, and these are present in a mixed state. It is considered that a small amount of silicon and calcium (Ca) remains between these crystals in a form easily soluble in water.

[0011] From the above, the applicant of the present invention is concerned with the preservation of seashore or brackish water, construction of artificial reef, construction of artificial breeding area such as kelp, rock glue, oyster, etc., on the floor or seashore of the water. As a molded body of concrete that forms part or the whole of the concrete structure to be installed,
It has been proposed to use at least a part of fine aggregate formed by using slow cooling slag or at least a part of coarse aggregate formed by using slow cooling slag.

When the gradually cooled slag is used as a material (fine aggregate or coarse aggregate) of a concrete molded body, the concrete molded body is exposed to flowing water in a sea area or a brackish water area, so that silicon and calcium contained in the gradually cooled slag are included. Begins to melt. As a result, silicon in the water in the water area is abundant, and diatoms that require the silicon grow in time, and aquatic organisms that feed on the diatoms become established.

When the diatom adheres to the substrate, it disturbs the water flow, creating a situation in which the diatom is more likely to form, and at the same time, the diatom itself secretes mucilage to form a subtle gelatinous area. This not only promotes the adhesion and curing of other diatoms, but also promotes the adhesion and curing of spores of seaweed. As a result, the algae and seaweeds on the concrete molded body remain for a long time after the second year. , Will continue to thrive. As a result, a factor is created in which fry and larvae of fish and shellfish that feed on diatoms and the like settle in the water area. Further, as seaweeds proliferate, shellfish, fish, and shellfish that feed on the seaweeds settle in the water area, and large fish that feed on the shellfish, fish, and the like gather.

[0014] The applicant of the present invention has, in addition to the concrete molding,
Blocks for revetment, consolidation, wave-dissipation in coastal conservation works, artificial reef blocks, artificial rock paste breeding blocks,
A block for attaching natural oysters is also proposed. These blocks are characterized in that the concrete compact is provided at least on a surface layer exposed to seawater or brackish water.

In such a block as well, the above-mentioned effects can be obtained by the concrete molded body provided on the surface layer portion exposed to seawater or brackish water. In this way, it is possible to exhibit advantages in terms of construction costs and the like.

The above blocks and other concrete moldings are prepared by exposing fine aggregates and coarse aggregates of gradually cooled slag to seawater or brackish water so that silicon and calcium are continuously eluted. Is ground using a means such as sandblasting or green cutting to form irregularities on the surface of the slowly cooled slag. Although blast furnace slag does not have the property of reacting with water to harden, it is stimulated when it comes into contact with Portland cement and changes to the property of hardening by reacting with water. If such a reaction is eliminated and the blast furnace slag is directly exposed to water without reacting with the cement, silica (SiO ₂ ), lime (Ca)
O) is devised so as to continue to elute more continuously.

Further, when the above-mentioned block is provided with irregularities on the surface of the gradually cooled slag, the spores of algae, seaweeds, other floating spores, and mussels of shellfish are caught on the irregularities, thereby causing adhesion and curing. This also makes it possible to further improve the effect as a fish reef or the like.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 show a first embodiment in which a concrete molded body according to the present invention is applied to a fish reef block. The reef block 1 shown in FIG. 1 is installed on the seabed to create an environment where fish can easily settle, and the concrete panel 3 as a concrete molded body according to the present invention is disposed on the upper surface of the base block 2. It is. The concrete panel 3 is partially buried and fixed to the surface of the base block 2 in advance when the base block 2 is cured, and the surface is exposed from the base block 2.

The concrete panel 3 is made of cement using granulated slag powder as a substitute for clay, a so-called blast furnace cement, and sand-like (with a particle size of about 2 to 10 mm) gradually cooled slag 4 is made of fine bone. Used as a material,
Gravel-shaped (with a particle size of about 10 to 40 mm) slowly cooled slag 4
(Hereinafter referred to as A) using as a coarse aggregate. Here, the granulated slag is a vitreous (amorphous) granular slag produced by rapidly cooling the furnace slag by, for example, injecting pressurized water into the furnace slag. If the cement used as the material is used as the material, a concrete molded body having a sufficient strength as a structure can be obtained.

The base block 2 is made of blast-furnace cement, and is made of concrete using river sand and river stone (hereinafter referred to as B) for fine aggregate and coarse aggregate. Concrete panels 3
Is fixed.

In order to manufacture the concrete panel 3 having the gradually cooled slag 4 therein, first, as shown in FIG. 4 is put into the mold 6 in a state where it is mixed in a large amount. When left to cure as it is, the slowly cooled slag 4 sinks by its own weight and collects at the bottom of the formwork 6 as shown in FIG. At this time, if it is desired to collect the slowly cooled slag 4 more densely, the form 6 is formed using a vibrating machine such as a vibrator,
By vibrating, it is possible to make the settling of the slowly cooled slag 4 remarkable.

Next, after curing, the concrete panel 3
When the panel 3 is completely cured, as shown in FIG.
Demold. Then, the lower surface in the mold 6 is shown in FIG.
The concrete panel 3 is completed by performing a spraying process by sand blast or a green cut process as shown in (d) and grinding the surface to expose a large number of grains of the slowly cooled slag 4.

When the concrete panel 3 is completed in this way, the concrete panel 3 is placed in a molding die for molding the base block 2 with its polished surface down, and then concrete is poured into the molding die and left to cure. I do. After curing, the reef block 1 is completed. The reef block 1 is carried to a predetermined sea area such as a crane ship and installed on the sea floor.

As described above, since the slowly cooled slag 4 is scattered on the surface of the concrete panel 3 disposed on the upper surface of the fish reef block 1 as described above, the fish reef block 1 is sunk in a desired sea area. If done, slow cooling slag 4
Is exposed to seawater, and silicon and calcium contained in the slowly cooled slag are dissolved. As a result, the seawater in the seawater area contains silicon abundantly, and not only does the diatom that needs it grow over time in the slowly cooled slag 4 but also the diatoms grow in the surrounding area. Aquatic organisms that feed on this will settle in the area.

When the diatom adheres to the slowly cooled slag 4,
This disrupts the water flow, creating a situation where diatoms are more likely to grow, while the diatoms themselves secrete mucilage, making the surrounding area subtle gelatinous, further promoting the adhesion and curing of other diatoms. In addition, it promotes the adhesion and growth of spores of seaweed.

As a result, seaweeds grow on the reef block 1, and juvenile fish and larvae that feed on diatoms, etc.
A factor is created for shellfish to settle in the body of water. Further, as seaweeds proliferate, the cereals, fish, and shellfish that feed on the seaweeds settle in the water area, and the cereals,
Large fish that feed on fish and the like will gather and function as a fish reef.

In the present invention, since the concrete panel 3 as described above is formed as a concrete molded body disposed on the base concrete 2, a wide exposed surface can be secured with a small volume, and a wide reef can be obtained. The area can be easily obtained, the labor required for manufacturing the reef block 1 can be reduced as much as possible, and the productivity of the concrete panel 3 itself can be increased.

Moreover, the surface of the concrete panel 3 is ground by means such as sand blasting or green cutting to expose a large number of particles of the slowly cooled slag 4, so that the amount of the slowly cooled slag 4 exposed to seawater increases, so that Elution of calcium becomes more remarkable, and the elution can be performed more continuously. for that reason,
In the reef block 1, seaweeds grow continuously over the long term even after the second year.

In the present embodiment, the concrete panel 3 having the slow cooling slag 4 is shown as being formed in a rectangular shape. However, the shape is not limited to a rectangular shape, and any other shape can be selected. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, a block of slowly cooled slag 7 sliced into a base concrete is embedded with the surface exposed and as shown in FIG. 5, the base concrete itself is made of concrete (A) and the surface is formed. The same operation and effect as described above can be obtained by using a reef block obtained by polishing to expose a large number of slowly cooled slag grains.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment in which the concrete molding according to the present invention is applied to the construction of an artificial rock field. The components already described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
In the cold winter months, the spores are sprinkled along with the spores on the rocky shores that are washed by the surf,
Known to breed. Then, concrete (A) is poured into the rocky area at the edge of the sea as if the dents are leveled as shown in FIG. 6 and cured. At this time, concrete (A)
Sandy and gravel-like slowly cooled slag 4 is mixed in a large amount in advance. After curing, the surface of the concrete (A) is appropriately roughened by a method such as sand blasting, and the sandy and gravel-like gradually cooled slag 4 is exposed to complete the rock field 8.

In the winter, when the rocky field 8 is washed by the waves, the gradually cooled slag 4 is exposed to seawater, and silicon and calcium contained in the slowly cooled slag 4 are melted out, and the diatoms that need this are cooled. Flourish in the slowly cooled slag 4. When the diatom adheres to the slowly cooled slag 4, it disturbs the water flow and creates a situation in which the diatom is more likely to form, while the diatom itself secretes a mucilage to form a subtle gelatinous area, and the rock paste The spores attach and grow, which promotes the growth of many rock pastes.

By the way, it is expected that as the date passes, the glue will spread over the surface of the rock glue field 8 so as to obscure the surface, making it difficult for silicon and calcium to elute. Is desirably roughened by sand blasting or the like.

FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment in which the concrete compact according to the present invention is applied to the construction of a breeding area for kelp. The components already described in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. It has been found that kelp, tengusa and the like also grow particularly well in rocky areas located at a depth of 5 to 8 m in winter. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, a small block 9 having the same configuration as that used for the fish reef block 1 in the first embodiment is laid down in a rocky place where kelp and tengusa are likely to grow. The small block 9 used at this time does not need to be as large as the fish reef block 1 and desirably has a size and shape that will fit into the pit of the rocky area.

In winter, silicon and calcium dissolve out of the small block 9, and diatoms that require it disperse on the surface of the small block 9. When diatoms thrive, they disturb the water flow, creating a situation where diatoms are more likely to form, while diatoms themselves secrete mucilage, making the surrounding area a subtle gelatinous state, resulting in kelp and tengu spores. Adherence and growth are promoted, and this causes a large number of kelp and tengus to breed.

FIG. 8 shows a fourth embodiment in which the concrete molding according to the present invention is applied to oyster culture. Oysters grow from the cultured raft floating in the inland sea or bay where the waves are gentle and take root in spheres suspended in the sea. Therefore, a ball block having the same configuration as that used for the fish reef block 1 in the first embodiment is manufactured, and as shown in FIG. 8, the ball block is suspended from the cultured raft 10 by a string-like body 11 having excellent corrosion resistance such as a stainless chain. At this time, it is desirable that the size of the sphere 12 used is appropriately determined in consideration of the strength of the cord 11 and the workability at the time of landing the oysters so that a larger production amount can be obtained.

Silicon and calcium dissolve out of the seeded spheres 12 and diatoms that require the spheres grow on the surface of the spheres 12. The oyster larvae breed using this as a bait, and grows large by rooting in the globules 12.

By the way, it is expected that the spheres 12 will be covered with oyster roots and cover the surface, making it difficult for silicon and calcium to be eluted. It is desirable to make it rough.

[0038]

As described above, according to the concrete molded article of the present invention, in the maintenance work in the sea area or brackish water area, the artificial reef work, the artificial breeding work such as kelp, rock glue, oyster, etc. As a concrete molded body installed on the floor or seashore, formed by using slowly cooled slag on at least a part of the fine aggregate, or by using slowly cooled slag on at least a part of the coarse aggregate The silicon and calcium contained in the slowly cooled slag are continuously dissolved in the above-mentioned water area, and the diatoms that require this not only prosper in the slowly cooled slag, but also promote the adhesion of spores of seaweed and curing. Diatoms and seaweeds will be continuously cured for a long period of time, such as the second year onwards, and as a result, it will be a factor to establish fish and larvae and shellfish that feed on diatoms etc. in the water area. Can Reef, there is an effect that can long-term maintenance of function of the farms.

According to the block of the present invention, at least the above effects can be obtained by the concrete molded body provided on the surface layer exposed to seawater or brackish water, and the workability is enhanced by adopting the form as a block. Excellent effects are also exhibited in terms of construction cost.

According to the block of the present invention, the amount of silicon and calcium eluted is increased by installing a mass of slowly cooled slag on the surface layer, so that the above-mentioned effects become more remarkable, and It can promote the establishment of living organisms and aquatic plants.

By providing irregularities on the surface of the slowly cooled slag, the amount of silicon and calcium eluted can be made more continuous, and diatoms and seaweeds can easily adhere to the irregularities, resulting in aquatic plants and aquatic plants. It can further promote the settlement of living things.

According to the block of the present invention, a large exposed surface can be secured with a small volume by making the concrete molded body into a panel shape, and the productivity of the concrete molded body can be improved.

According to the block of the present invention, the surface of the concrete molded body is ground to expose a large number of particles of the gradually cooled slag, thereby increasing the amount of the gradually cooled slag exposed to seawater or brackish water. Not only calcium elution becomes more remarkable, but also elution can be continued continuously over a long period of time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view showing a first embodiment in which a concrete molded body according to the present invention is applied to a fish reef block.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a concrete panel as a concrete molded body in the fish reef block.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a procedure for manufacturing the concrete panel.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of a fish reef block.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing another example of a fish reef block.

FIG. 6 is a perspective sectional view showing a second embodiment in which the concrete molded body according to the present invention is applied to the construction work of an artificial rock field.

FIG. 7 is an overall view showing a third embodiment in which the concrete compact according to the present invention is applied to construction work for a breeding area of kelp.

FIG. 8 is an overall view showing a fourth embodiment in which the concrete molded body according to the present invention is applied to oyster culture.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 fish reef block 3 concrete panel 4 slow cooling slag 8 rock paste field 9 small block 12 sphere

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Kenpachi Hoashi 1-8-8, Hirakawacho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo F-term in Disaster Prevention Industry Co., Ltd. 2D018 EA01

Claims (9)

[Claims] Claims: 1. A concrete molded body to be installed on the floor or seashore of a sea area or seashore during seashore or brackish water shore preservation work, artificial fish reef installation work, and artificial breeding area construction such as kelp, rock glue, and oysters. A concrete molded product characterized by using slow cooling slag for at least a part of the fine aggregate. 2. The concrete molding according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the coarse aggregate is made of slow cooling slag. 3. A block, wherein the concrete molded product according to claim 1 or 2 is provided at least on a surface portion exposed to seawater or brackish water. 4. The block according to claim 3, wherein a block of slowly cooled slag is fixed in the surface layer in a state where the block is partially buried. 5. The block according to claim 4, wherein irregularities are formed on the surface of the block of the slowly cooled slag. 6. The block according to claim 5, wherein the block of the gradually cooled slag is formed flush with the surface of the surface layer portion. 7. A block wherein the concrete molded body according to claim 1 or 2 is separately formed, and the concrete molded body is partially buried to expose the surface. 8. The concrete molded body is formed in a panel shape, and the panel-shaped concrete molded body is partially buried in a surface layer exposed to seawater or brackish water to expose the surface. 7. The block according to 7. 9. The block according to claim 7, wherein a surface of the concrete molded body is ground to expose grains of the gradually cooled slag.