JP2007215532A - Surface-treatment of block and structure made of cement-based material for promoting adhesion of seaweed, and conservation of living environment of fish and shellfish with seaweed bed and artificial fishing bank produced by using the treating method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem of ineffective conservation of the living environment of fish and shellfish near an artificial fishing bank and seaweed bed formed as one of various measures for the protection of nature under the progressing environmental destruction due to the dense and smooth surface of the bank, etc., to hinder the adhesion of seaweeds. <P>SOLUTION: A block or structure made of a cement-based material and having a surface enabling easy adhesion of seaweeds is produced by a method to roughen the surface of a cement-based material before or after curing or a method to embed a solid waste or natural stone having rough broken face and containing small cavities and recesses/cracks, etc. The produced block or structure is placed or installed in seawater to construct an artificial fishing bank forming a seaweed bed or growing marine plants to conserve the living environment of fish and shellfish. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

  The present invention relates to a method for conserving seafood inhabiting environments by constructing artificial seaweed beds and artificial reefs in a marine environment.

  In recent years, with the progress of environmental destruction based on various social factors, the decline of seafood in coastal sea areas has become apparent, and there is a concern about the depletion of marine resources. In such a social background, the importance of environmental conservation in coastal waters has come to be emphasized, and the conservation of the habitat environment for seafood is an urgent task.

  Most seafood is in the world of weak meat and strong food, and many small fish, including fry, indulge in the shadows of rocks and seaweeds and expand their range of activity as they grow. Many seafood lay eggs in rock shades and seaweed, and hatch and breed, so it is said that seafood is abundant in places where there are many rock shades and seaweeds. In addition, many aquatic plants such as seaweeds grow by absorbing nutrients from the water, so water purification is thriving in the waters where aquatic plants thrive, greatly contributing to environmental conservation.

  However, in concrete structures that occupy most of the coastal / underwater structures, there are few cases where seaweeds adhere and thrive in portions located under the surface of the water. This is thought to be because the concrete surface is smooth, there are few voids and irregularities, and seaweed seeds are difficult to adhere to the concrete surface due to water movement by waves and water flow.

  Therefore, to improve the concrete structure in contact with seawater so that seagrass is easily attached, artificial reefs and seaweed blocks installed under the seawater, rooting blocks such as breakwaters and breakwaters, etc. Surface treatment method to make it easy for seaweed seeds to adhere to the surface of wave blocks or parts located under the sea surface of coastal or offshore structures such as dikes, jetty, quay walls, docks, etc. Is considered necessary.

In recent years, plant vegetation technology on concrete using porous concrete [Reference 1] has become widespread in the concrete industry. In addition, experiments on the adhesion of seaweed by exposing this porous concrete to seawater and research on applying it to seaweed beds [Reference 2] and [Reference 3] are also being conducted.
Reference 1: Motoharu Tamai, Special Feature * Green and Concrete / Detailed [Green and Concrete] Concrete Materials, Concrete Engineering, Vol. 32, no. 11, pp. 64-69, 1994
Reference 2: Toshihiro Otani and 3 others, research on applicability of industrial by-products to porous concrete for seaweed restoration, abstract of the 57th Cement Technology Conference, pp. 256-257, 2003.4
Reference 3: Koji Takeda and two others, Development of porous concrete for restoring seaweed beds using industrial by-products, Abstracts of the 59th Cement Technology Conference, pp. 228-229, 2005.4

  This porous concrete has a large continuity of voids in it, so it is highly permeable and if used in places with high moisture such as around rivers and rice fields, water and soil particles get into the voids and plants are contained in the concrete. It is also possible to take roots. Therefore, if this porous concrete is used on land, it is possible to cover the surface with green grass without exposing the concrete as in the conventional revetment work. Moreover, if this is applied to the sea, it is said that seagrasses are likely to adhere to the porous concrete.

  In this way, eco-concrete using porous concrete is epoch-making in that it has made possible the connection between plants and concrete, which has never been considered before. However, the porous concrete is merely a structure in which the surface of the coarse aggregate is covered and hardened with a thin cement paste curtain, and is merely a structure in which adjacent coarse aggregates are bonded to each other through the thin curtain. For this reason, the strength is weak, and there is a problem in durability in a structure or a structure where a large load is applied, a block or a structure installed in a place where the flow is intense or where the wave is rough, and stable use for a long time cannot be expected.

Problems to be solved by the invention

  The present invention is not a material with poor strength and durability like porous concrete, but is characterized in that the surface is processed so that seagrass seeds are easily attached using ordinary concrete having excellent strength and durability. . If such a surface-treated block or structure is installed in seawater, the formation of seaweed beds will be facilitated, and it will be possible to construct artificial reefs where seagrasses grow.

  Many seafoods have seaweed as their staple food, and if seaweed grows, it can lead to the purification of seawater, which may lead to the growth of phytoplankton and zooplankton. . Therefore, it is considered that the use of this method will improve the habitat of fish and shellfish, and thus allow natural growth of fish and shellfish. [Photo 1] and [Photo 2] are examples showing the overgrowth of seaweeds adhering to natural reefs exposed at low tides. [Photo 3] shows the growth of seaweed that is firmly rooted and attached to the cracked part of the reef. And [Photo 4] shows the adhesion of seafood eggs laid behind these reefs. As a result, seafood is proliferating in such places, and seafood is also abundant.

  Regarding the method for preserving the habitat environment for seafood in this coastal sea area, a patent application has already been filed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-192770 for a concrete surface treatment method using a porous material. As a result, it has been experimentally confirmed that the same effect can be obtained with materials other than porous materials, so it is up to the application for additional patents here.

  For the formation of conventional algae beds, a method using a solid material obtained by solidifying wood chips or a method of growing aquatic plants using a rope or net using an expensive material such as carbon fiber is used. In artificial reefs, concrete reef blocks with a smooth surface are generally installed on the sea floor, so it is difficult for seaweeds to adhere to them, and it is considered that it takes a considerable amount of time for seafood to become familiar with them.

Means for solving the problem

  In the present invention, rather than the formation of algae beds with such expensive materials and the construction of artificial reefs with concrete blocks to which seaweeds are difficult to adhere, the environment for seagrass growth in seawater is adjusted by using a cheaper method, and seagrass is prosperous. It aims to contribute to the conservation of the seafood's habitat by artificially creating seaweed beds and fishing reefs. Specifically, in order to make seagrass seeds easily adhere to the surface of blocks and structures laid in seawater, the surface of blocks and structures made of cementitious materials are processed into rough surfaces, or blocks A block or a structure is manufactured by embedding a material having a rough surface structure rich in relief on the surface of the structure so that the surface is exposed. And this is installed in seawater, and it is going to preserve the habitat environment of seafood.

The following method can be considered as a method of applying a surface treatment to the cementitious material for such a purpose. The cement-based material here refers to concrete, mortar, cement paste, or the like using various cements that are generally widely used as construction materials.
1. 1. A method of performing sand spraying or high pressure water spraying on the surface of the hardened cementitious material or brushing using a wire brush or the like. 2. A method of pressing a cloth-like body or a net-like body having rough eyes and high hygroscopicity against the surface of the cement-based material before curing, and peeling off the cement-based material after the cement-based material is condensed and cured. 3. A method in which the surface portion is composed of a super-kneaded cement-based material and the surface portion has a structure with many voids. 4. A method in which water or air is sprayed on the surface of the cement material before setting or hardening, or the surface is roughened by using a crease or the like. After the retarder is sprayed on the surface of the cementitious material before curing, the housing part of the cementitious material is cured, and then water or air is sprayed on the uncured layer on the surface part generated by the retarder spraying to uncured part 5. A method of forming a rough surface by eliminating A coarse aluminum powder (about 0.05 to 2 mm) is sprayed on the surface of the hardened cement body before hardening and thinly dispersed on the surface, or a cement-based material mixed with aluminum powder is blocked or structured. 6. A method of roughly processing the surface of a cement-based material by applying a thin coating on the surface of the object and forming a bubble mark by hydrogen gas generated from the aluminum powder as the cement-based material is hardened. 7. A method of introducing a relatively narrow groove or pseudo-crack (approximately 0.1 to 5 mm in width) on the surface of the cement-based material using an appropriate method. A method of embedding or pasting solid debris having a rough surface structure containing many depressions, voids, cracks, etc. on the surface of a soft cementitious material before hardening so that the surface is exposed. Debris refers to waste debris such as bricks, tiles, interlocking blocks, perforated blocks for construction, concrete blocks, and natural stone debris with a rough surface structure such as volcanic gravel, sandstone, andesite and tuff.

  Most seaweed grows by adhering to the rocks and shells exposed in the seawater and taking roots, absorbing nutrients from the seawater. Therefore, it is not necessary to root the ground like plants on land to absorb moisture and nutrients in the ground, and there is a solid root to keep your position against waves and water flow. It seems to be good. Therefore, the surface structure can be processed directly so that the concrete surface becomes rough, or a surface structure with a large surface roughness, rich in undulations and containing many depressions and voids is embedded in the concrete surface to make it easy for seagrass seeds to enter. If prepared, seaweeds can be attached to the concrete surface.

  Observing the state of seagrass adhesion to reefs in nature, as seen from [Photo 1] to [Photo 3], relatively large seagrass is firmly rooted in cracks, providence, and weathered cracks along the sandstone stack. You can see that the plant with a small plant height is attached to cover the rock surface. However, the surface is smooth and hardly adheres to cracked or less providence parts. From this, it is considered that a natural mineral material has a rough surface structure rich in undulations, and seaweed seeds can adhere and lower the roots.

  Based on the observation results in the natural world, the surface structure of the cemented hardened body has a surface structure that is easy to attach seaweed to the surface of the cemented hardened body with a method of providing a texture, mesh, pseudo-crack, etc. An exposure experiment was conducted on the method of embedding brick fragments, various cement-based solid waste fragments, or natural stone fragments such as sandstone, and the effect of seaweed adhesion was verified.

  By the way, the world is now making efforts to build a sustainable recycling society that aims to harmonize human society with the natural environment. The present invention is a technology for the preservation of seafood habitats, but at the same time, waste such as bricks, roof tiles, interlocking blocks, perforated blocks for construction, and concrete (hereinafter referred to as solid waste) is recycled. It is meaningful to use it, and its contribution to society is considered large. Examples of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings and photographs.

The cement used for specimen preparation in this experiment is ordinary Portland cement (hereinafter referred to as ordinary cement). In order to investigate the effect of the type of cement on seaweed adhesion, the fineness of the ordinary cement is about 4000 cm ^2. / G fine blast furnace slag powder and fly ash with a fineness of about 3000 cm ² / g, and commercially available blast furnace cement (type A, type B, type C) and fly ash cement (type A, type B, type C) Was used as a handmade mixed cement. In addition, the blast furnace slag fine powder and fly ash mixing ratio with respect to the kind of cement are as follows by mass ratio.
Ordinary cement: 100% ordinary Portland cement
Blast furnace cement Class A equivalent: Mixture of 75% ordinary cement and 25% blast furnace slag fine powder Class B equivalent: Mixture of 60% ordinary cement and 40% blast furnace slag fine powder Class C equivalent: 35% ordinary cement, fine blast furnace slag Mixture of 65% powder fly ash cement Class A equivalent: 90% ordinary cement, 10% blast furnace slag fine powder Type B equivalent: Mixture consisting of 80% ordinary cement and 20% blast furnace slag fine powder Class C equivalent: Normal Mixture of 70% cement and 30% blast furnace slag fine powder

  In this experiment, as shown in [Table 1], 22 types of plate-like bodies according to differences in cement type and surface structure were prepared in advance, and these were embedded in the surface of a concrete block to prepare specimens. All plate-like bodies were manufactured using mortar. [Fig. 1] A and B show the cross-sections of the two types of plates used this time. A is a case where the upper surface of the mortar plate is subjected to roughening such as a cloth or a mesh, and B is a mortar plate. This is a case in which solid debris is embedded in the upper surface of.

  The types of plate-like bodies used in this experiment are roughly divided into the following two groups. Group I is for observing the influence of the type of cement and the type of roughening, and this group also includes an untreated plate using ordinary cement as a reference for comparison. Moreover, the rough surface processing was made into a cloth finish and a grid finish. In Group II, solid waste debris and natural stone debris collected in the vicinity of the exposure experiment site were embedded on the surface of a mortar board using ordinary cement.

  These plate-like bodies were embedded and attached to the block surface when placing concrete as shown in FIG. The section of the plate-like body (1) does not necessarily have a trapezoidal shape, and various basic shapes as shown in FIG. 3 are conceivable. Can be considered. Also, the planar shape of the plate-like body does not necessarily have to be a square or a rectangle, and various shapes such as a circle, a trapezoid, an equilateral polygon, and an unequal polygon can be considered, but these cross-sectional shapes and planar shapes are appropriately selected upon implementation. You can do it.

  As a method of embedding solid debris on the block surface, as shown in FIG. 2, the solid debris (2) is embedded in the mortar (3) of the plate (1) in advance so that the surface is exposed. A method of embedding the plate-like body produced by pasting into the surface of fresh concrete (5) placed in the mold (4), and fresh concrete placed in the form (4) as shown in FIG. There is also a method of spreading the solid debris (3) directly on the surface of (5) and embedding so that a part of the surface is exposed. Various other methods for attaching the plate-like body to the block surface are conceivable, but these are shown in the previously filed Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-192770 and are omitted here.

The invention's effect

  This exposure experiment was carried out at the coast of Umi City, Uki City, Kumamoto Prefecture during the low tide at the beginning of November 2005. In this experiment, specimens with different surface treatment methods were manufactured, and photographs were taken before immersion in seawater and after 2.5 months of exposure period, and the seagrass adhesion status due to differences in cement types and surface treatment methods was compared. . In addition, the block specimens in the exposure experiment were installed at a similar depth in a place where the water depth was about 30 cm at the time of low tide.

  In each of the two photos shown in [Photo 5] to [Photo 26], A (left side) shows the surface structure of the specimen before exposure, and B (right side) shows the state of seaweed adhesion to the block about 2.5 months after exposure. Show. The following description will be given in the order of [Table 1].

  [Photo 5] shows a specimen NP-1 to which an untreated plate-like body made of mortar using ordinary cement (hereinafter referred to as ordinary mortar) is attached. Since the surface of the specimen before exposure is dense and smooth, seaweed hardly adheres to the surface (upper surface) even 2.5 months after exposure. Thus, it can be seen that seaweed hardly adheres to the surface of the untreated hardened cement body. On the other hand, green seaweed adheres well on the upper surface of the specimen subjected to the following various surface treatments.

  First, [Photo 6] is a case of NP-2 in which a normal mortar surface is lined with linen. It can be seen that the green seaweed is well attached to the specimen after 2.5 months of exposure. This is probably because when the linen affixed to the surface of the mortar is peeled off, many fine depressions based on the fibers of the linen remain on the surface of the mortar, so that seaweed seeds enter and settle and germinate.

  [Photo 7] is a case of NP-3 in which the surface of a normal mortar is made with a bamboo basket. It can be seen that the green seaweed adheres well to this specimen after 2.5 months of exposure. This is thought to be because seaweed seeds entered and settled in the depressions because many fine irregularities were created by making a mesh on the surface of the mortar.

  [Photo 8] is a case of NP-4 in which a large number of fine bubble traces are induced on the mortar surface using bubbles generated by mixing coarse aluminum powder in a normal mortar surface. It can be seen that green seaweed adheres well in this case.

  The cases from NP-1 to NP-4 are all due to the difference in the surface structure of ordinary mortar, and all the other cases except for NP-1 are subjected to a rough surface treatment on the mortar surface. Thus, it can be understood that seaweed seeds can be easily fixed by subjecting the surface of the cement-based hardened body to some rough surface processing. In addition to these methods, for example, sand or high-pressure water is sprayed on the surface of hardened concrete, or brushing is performed using a wire brush or the like. Occasionally, a retarder is sprayed on the surface of the concrete, and then the uncured part is removed by spraying water or air on the uncured part caused by the spraying of the retarder after the concrete body has hardened or by brushing. It is conceivable that the surface is roughened.

  Next, a case using mixed cement will be described. First, [Photo 9], [Photo 10], and [Photo 11] are blast furnace cement types A, B, and C mixed with 25%, 40%, and 65% of the blast furnace slag fine powder divided by the amount of ordinary cement. This is a case of specimens BC-1, BC-2, BC-3 in which a mortar using a mixed cement corresponding to a seed is provided with a grid. Also, [Photo 12] and [Photo 13] are cases of BC-4 and BC-5, in which texture treatment is applied to mortar using blast furnace cement corresponding to Class B and Class C. Although there are some differences, it can be seen that the green seaweed is well attached. From this, it is considered that there is almost no impact on seaweed adhesion based on the type of blast furnace cement.

  [Photo 14], [Photo 15], and [Photo 16] are fly ash cements A, B, and C when fly ash is mixed with 10%, 20%, and 30% of the cement weight. This is a case of specimens FA-1, FA-2 and FA-3 in which a mortar using a mixed cement corresponding to a seed is provided with a mesh. Regardless of the difference in the fly ash mixing ratio, it can be seen that the green seaweed adheres well. From this, it is thought that there is almost no influence on seaweed adhesion based on the type of fly ash cement.

  In general Portland cement, blast furnace cement, and fly ash cement, which are generally used more than these, there is almost no influence of the type of cement on the adhesion of seaweed, but rather the roughness and texture of the cemented hardened body surface is attached to seagrass. It can be considered to have a big influence on

  Next, a case where various solid debris is embedded on the surface of a normal mortar so that the surface is exposed will be described. In this experiment, there are three types of solid material fragments: volcanic gravel, coarse sandstone and andesite, glass foam aggregate as recycled glass waste, concrete crushed fragments and architectural perforated blocks as solid waste fragments.・ A total of seven types of bricks were used, but the inner glass foam aggregate and volcanic gravel of these solid fragments were presented in the previous Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-192770. It shall not be included.

  First, [Photo 17] is a case of NG-2 with Aso volcanic gravel fragments embedded in the mortar surface. Aso volcanic gravel is porous and contains many large and small voids and depressions, so it seems that seagrass seeds were likely to adhere to it, and green seaweed was well attached to the specimens after 2.5 months of exposure. I understand. Also, [Photo 18] is a case of NG-3 embedded with coarse sandstone fragments collected around the exposure experiment site, and [Photo 19] is a case of NG-4 similarly embedded with andesite fragments. As for these, it can be seen that the green seaweed is well attached to the specimen after 2.5 months of exposure. The surface of natural stones such as sandstone and andesite does not show large bubbles or cracks that are visible, but the fracture surface is relatively rough and has many small dents, so green seaweed often adheres locally. You can see the situation. Thus, it is thought that seaweed is likely to adhere to rocks that have a rough structure and have many voids and depressions even with natural stones. Therefore, in addition to volcanic gravel, sandstone and andesite, tuff is considered to be usable as a material for seaweed adhesion.

  [Photo 20] is a case of GG-2 in which glass foam aggregate is embedded. In this case, you can see that the green seaweed is well attached. Moreover, [Photo 21] is a case of RG-1 embedded with concrete crushed material, and it can be seen that green seaweed is well attached. This is thought to be because seaweed seeds were likely to adhere because the fracture surface of the crushed concrete was rough and rough, and the concrete contained many small bubbles and cracks. Moreover, [Photo 22] is an RG-2 case in which fragments of a building perforated block are embedded. Since the perforated block for building is a concrete having large water permeability and many gaps, it contains many voids and depressions suitable for entering seaweed seeds, and is considered suitable for seaweed adhesion. Furthermore, [Photo 23] is a case of RG-3 in which brick fragments are embedded. Brick is made by baking and hardening clay-like material, and there are relatively many small voids, dents, cracks, etc. on the fracture surface, and the fracture surface is rough, so seaweed seeds were easy to adhere it is conceivable that. In the same way, the fracture surface of unglazed flower pots and earthen tiles is rough and has a lot of voids, which may be suitable for seaweed adhesion. Therefore, it is considered that any clay-like material having a rough fracture surface containing a relatively large amount of voids, cracks, etc. can be used as a surface treatment material. However, bricks and tiles have smooth and dense parts, so when embedding the fragments in the surface of cementitious materials, expose the fractured surface so that the smooth parts do not appear on the block surface as much as possible. Need to embed. Interlocking materials and various small blocks are often made of cement material or clay material, and are made of a material having a relatively large gap, so it can be used for the same purpose.

  Finally, [Photo 24], [Photo 25], and [Photo 26] are cases where pseudo cracks are introduced on the surface of ordinary mortar. [Photo 24] is AC-1 having pseudo cracks with a width of about 0.3 mm and a depth of about 40 mm, introduced by pushing Japanese paper into a soft mortar with a tin plate, and [Photo 25] is a grit in the soft mortar. -AC-2 with a pseudo crack of about 1 mm wide and about 40 mm deep introduced by pushing a plastic plate coated with a thin film, and [Photo 26] is about 3 mm wide and deep with an electric cutter on the surface of the cured mortar. This is a case of AC-3 into which a U-shaped groove of about 40 mm is introduced. In each of these cases, it can be seen that seaweed grows with streaks adhering along pseudo-cracks and grooves. If a large number of pseudo cracks and grooves with relatively narrow widths are introduced on the block surface in this way, seaweed seeds will fall into the cracks and grooves and germinate, so that it has the same effect on seaweed adhesion as when roughened. Conceivable.

  From the above observation results, the conditions of seagrass adhesion to blocks or structures made of cementitious materials are rough and rich in undulations, and there are gaps and depressions or rough undulations necessary for the establishment of seaweed seeds. As long as it has a simple surface structure, it is considered that it is not always necessary to use an extreme porous material such as glass foam aggregate or pumice. Therefore, the surface of blocks and structures made of cement-based materials to be installed or laid in seawater should be roughened by some method, or solid waste with many internal voids or natural stones with a rough surface structure, etc. It is considered that blocks and structures to which seaweed easily adheres can be manufactured if surface treatment is carried out by a method of embedding so that the surface is exposed using fragments. [FIG. 5] shows an image diagram regarding the habitat environment of seafood when the block produced in this way is applied to an algae basin or artificial reef. (6) Seagrass block and (7) Reef block have seagrass growing, and large and small seafood inhabit the surrounding area.

Brief description of drawings and photos

Drawing

FIG.

Example of cross section of plate

FIG.

An example of a plate attachment method to the block surface

FIG.

Types of plate section

FIG.

Example of direct embedding of solid debris on the block surface

FIG.

Image of algae beds and artificial reefs with surface-treated blocks

Photo

Photo 1

An example of a natural fishing reef with brown seaweeds

Photo 2

An example of a natural reef with green seaweeds

Photo 3

An example of seaweed attached to a reef with cracks and providence

Photo 4

Seafood eggs laid in the shadows of natural reefs with seagrass

Photo 5

Untreated specimen NP-1 (almost no seaweed attached)

Photo 6

NP-2, a textured specimen using ordinary cement (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 7

Specimen NP-3 with normal cement using green cement (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 8

Specimen NP-4 with foam mortar finish using normal cement (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 9

Specimen BC-1 using a type A blast furnace cement (equivalent) and finished with a grid finish (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 10

Specimen BC-2 that uses Class B blast furnace cement (equivalent) and has a grid finish (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 11

Specimen BC-3, which uses C-type blast furnace cement (equivalent) and has a grid finish (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 12

Specimen BC-4 with a grain finish using B-type blast furnace cement (equivalent) (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 13

Specimen BC-5 using C-type blast furnace cement (equivalent) and finished with texture (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 14

Specimen FA-1 using a type A fly ash cement (equivalent) and finished with a grid finish (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 15

Specimen FA-2 using B-type fly ash cement (equivalent) and having a grid finish (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 16

Specimen FA-3 that uses C-type fly ash cement (equivalent) and has a grid finish (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 17

Specimen NG-2 using normal cement embedded with volcanic gravel on the surface (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 18

Specimen NG-3 using normal cement with coarse sandstone embedded on the surface (green seaweed is well attached)

Photo 19

Specimen NG-4 using normal cement with andesite embedded in the surface (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 20

Specimen GG-2 using normal cement and embedded with glass foam aggregate on the surface (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 21

Specimen RG-1 using normal cement and embedded concrete crushed material on the surface (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 22

Specimen RG-2 using regular cement embedded with perforated building blocks on the surface (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 23

Specimen RG-3 using normal cement and embedded brick fragments on the surface (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 23

Specimen RG-3 using normal cement and embedded brick fragments on the surface (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 24

Specimen AC-1 using normal cement and having pseudo cracks with a width of 0.3mm x depth of 40mm on the surface (green seaweed adheres well)

Photo 25

Specimen AC-2 using normal cement with a pseudo-crack approximately 1mm wide x 40mm deep on the surface (green seaweed is attached along the pseudo-crack)

Photo 26

Specimen AC-3 using ordinary cement and having a groove with a width of about 3mm x depth of 40mm on the surface (green seaweed is attached along the groove)

Claims (6)

  The surface of the cement-based material is made with a texture, mesh, mesh, or the like, or the surface is formed using a super-solid cemented material and the surface is roughly processed, or the surface of the cement-based material is elongated. Blocks or structures for installation or laying in seawater.   The surface of the cementitious material is roughened by blowing sand, water, air, etc. or roughing the surface of the cementitious material before or after curing. Blocks or structures to do   A retarder is sprayed on the surface of the cementitious material before hardening, and then the surface is roughened by spraying water or air or brushing the uncured part of the surface part generated by spraying the retarder. Blocks or structures for installation or laying in seawater   A material with a rough surface structure that contains many voids and depressions, such as fragments of clay-based materials such as bricks, earthen tiles, flowerpots, and cement waste such as perforated blocks for construction, interlocking blocks, cement tiles, and concrete blocks It is embedded or affixed to the surface of cementitious material using sand fragments, andesite, tuff, or other rough natural stone fragments, etc., so that the surface is exposed. Blocks or structures to do   A plate-like body produced by using the cementitious material surface processing method according to claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, or claim 4 is embedded or pasted on the surface of a block or structure made of cementitious material. Blocks or structures for installation or laying in seawater Artificial fishing reefs and seaweed beds using part or all of the blocks or structures of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4 or claim 5