JP2001254336A - Environmental block and its construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an environmental block capable of applying a load as uniform as possible to the face of slope without lowering the strength of concrete, which has an excellent durability and can be used for various purposes such as vegetation, protection of fish nests, wild birds or the like, and their manufacturing method and construction method. SOLUTION: Laid blocks comprise face portions of a hexagon column or a square column, a leg portion with a diameter smaller than that of the face portion and a drum portion interposed between the face portion and leg portion, a bore hole is made at the center portion of the surface of a face portion, the bore hole has a larger diameter inside the block thereby forming cavity, and has an opening of the cavity near the drum portion of the outer face of the leg portion and/or an opening near the leg portion on the outer peripheral surface of the drum portion. During the execution of the work, the environmental blocks are arranged, its cavities are filled up with earth, wood portions of a plant 1 to 10 mm in diameter are inserted between the earth and natural ground in the cavity, and filling concrete is placed in gaps between the drum portion and leg portion of the laid blocks.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention applies a uniform load to a slope without reducing the strength of concrete.
The present invention relates to an environmental block which is excellent in durability and can be used for various purposes such as for vegetation, for fish nests, for bird protection, and the like, a method of manufacturing the same, and a method of installing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been a demand for an environmental block and a method for constructing a river revetment in consideration of environmental protection. To meet the demands, (1) the basket mat method of packing natural stones in a metal net, (2) the large block method with a space on the front that can be filled with earth and sand for vegetation, and (3) natural stone A stacking method is adopted.

[0003] In these methods, the basket mat of (1) is a material obtained by plating a metal material on a metal surface. No safety measures have been taken for the basket product and the iron wire used, so there is a danger of injury if approached. It is an inconsistent method that requires the removal of mountains due to the use of a large quantity of limited natural stones, while also causing natural destruction.
(2) Large blocks that can be filled with earth and sand on the front face have inevitably reduced front strength, so they need to be reinforced. Has a drawback in that weeds tend to breed, and because of its large size, it cannot cope with the curved part of the river. In the method (3), the amount of natural stone is limited, and cutting out of natural stone is a natural destruction.

[0004]

Therefore, the use of locally generated natural materials, minimizing the reduction of the local use of concrete as much as possible, suppresses the increase in the amount of concrete as a whole and increases the durability. Depending on the application, there has been a demand for an environmental block technology that can be used for many purposes, such as for vegetation, fish nests, or for bird protection. In addition, in the case of plants, the amount of soil that can be filled in the block ultimately governs the growth of the plant, so there has been a demand for an environmental block in which a small amount of soil can provide the same effect as a large amount of soil.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has a structure in which a hexagonal or quadrangular prism-shaped surface portion, a leg portion having a smaller diameter than the surface portion, a surface portion and a leg portion are provided. In the product block consisting of a body part interposed between the block, a perforation is formed at the center of the surface of the surface, and the perforation increases the diameter inside the block to form a cavity, and the cavity is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the leg. It is open to a part close to the torso and / or to a part near the legs on the outer peripheral surface of the torso. Leave the surface for drilling, insert the inner formwork for cavity formation, cast concrete, hit the concrete on the surface of the surface part to provide a hole of a predetermined size, and manufacture it. Place and fill the cavity with soil, inside the cavity Between the soil and the natural ground, the thickness 1~10m
m is inserted into the woody part of the plant, and the concrete is poured into the gap between the body part and the leg part of the building block.

That is, according to the present invention, a hole into which a plastic pipe communicating with the ground is inserted as a hole for drainage in a building block is enlarged inside the block to form a cavity. When used for vegetation, the growth of weeds is prevented by making the perforations, which are openings on the surface, suitable for the size of the plant. A material that can be supplied sufficiently near Shinotake, Soda, etc. is buried through the concrete, and one end is inserted into the soil in the cavity and the other end is inserted into the ground. When Shinotake and Soda are buried in concrete, voids are created around Shinotake and Soda, allowing water to flow freely between the soil in the cavity and the ground. Regardless, stable vegetation can be maintained. Natural materials such as Shinotake and Soda corrode naturally and gradually form thick passages, so that not only is water supply sufficient, but nutrients can also be supplied from the ground. Also, the size of the perforations on the surface can be adjusted due to the manufacturing method. When the cavity is not filled with soil, a fish nest can be provided underwater, and a bird's nest such as a sea bream can be provided on the water surface.

[0007]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an environment block having a regular hexagonal column shape having a short surface portion, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view thereof. The environmental block 18 according to the present invention is a stacked block 1 in which the sides of adjacent blocks, such as a hexagonal prism and a quadrangular prism having a short shape of the surface portion 1, can be stuck to each other so that the slopes can be stacked without gaps.
One of the nine. In the case of a hexagon, it can be piled up as shown in FIG. 4, and in the case of a quadrangle, it can be piled up without gaps by bricking, a straight stacking method, a net stacking method, or the like. The product block has a face 1 and a diameter 1
It comprises a much smaller leg 2 and a body 3 interposed between the face 1 and the leg 2. The conventional building block is provided with a through hole that opens from the surface of the surface portion 1 to the outer peripheral surface of the leg or the trunk as a drainage hole 14 for releasing to a strong earth pressure when the water content of the ground increases. A vinyl pipe or the like was inserted into the through hole to communicate with the ground.

In the environmental block of the present invention, concrete is cast by inserting an internal form reaching the back of the environmental block 18 while leaving the thin perforated surface 6 in a form-faced formwork. By pulling out the inner mold after molding, a cavity 5 having the same shape as the outer periphery of the inner mold is formed in the block. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the internal formwork is often inserted over a portion of the outer periphery of the leg near the outer periphery of the trunk and a portion of the outer periphery of the trunk near the outer periphery of the leg. It can be inserted from only the outer periphery or from only the outer periphery of the trunk.

After the concrete has hardened, the drilling surface 6
When the thinnest part is hit with a hammer, a perforation 4 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is easily formed. Further tapping can open a perforation having the same diameter as the cavity 5 at the maximum. Accordingly, the surface 6 for drilling needs to be thick enough to be easily opened by hitting with a hammer. The method of manufacturing the environmental block 18 is not particularly limited, but the slump 0 ultra-hard concrete containing a small amount of water is filled in the formwork, and compacted by strong pressure and strong vibration.
Immediate demolding concrete, which is cured by immediate demolding, is a preferred method in terms of work efficiency, product aesthetics, and strength.

The size of the perforations 4 can be adjusted according to the use of the environmental block 18. In the case of planting a plant with a thin stem, the weeds can be prevented from growing by reducing the size of the perforations 4. Similarly, in the case of a plant having a thick stem, a wide perforation is used. Providing a large perforation 4 leaving a part, preferably a part of the lower part, provides a hiding place for fish when immersed in water, and cleans up when installed in a place that hardly submerges. Etc. can be provided.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view in which the slope of the river is covered by using the environmental block shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a view in which the slope of FIG.
It is explanatory drawing seen from the direction of. When constructing the environmental block of the present invention, the cavity 5 of the environmental block 18 is filled with sandbags 7. The sandbag 7 is preferably a woven or nonwoven bag made of a natural material such as hemp or cotton and packed with soil generated locally. The sandbag 7 is preferably large enough to be easily inserted into the cavity 5 and to be as close as possible to the cavity.

First, a foundation concrete 12 is cast on the riverbed, and part or all of the building blocks are replaced with environmental blocks to cover the slope. When the soil on the ground is temporarily removed to the extent that it does not interfere with the work, and the surface portions 1 are aligned with the slopes and closely adhered to each other, a gap between the blocks is formed on the back surface.
One end of a woody portion 10 of a plant such as Shinotake, soda or the like, which passes through the gap and reaches the ground 8 from the cavity 5, is inserted into the sandbag 7. Then, casting concrete 9 is poured into the gap to fix the slope. At this time, the woody portion 10 of the plant protrudes from the cast concrete. The thickness of the woody part of the plant is 1 to 10 mm, preferably 2 to 8 mm, more preferably 3 to 5 mm. After the concrete body 9 has hardened,
The soil removed for the work is returned, and the ground 8 is restored. Therefore, the woody portion 10 of the plant connects the ground 8 and the sandbag 7.

The wood part 10 of the plant may be one, or several may be inserted together. Since concrete has the property of shrinking when hardened, narrow voids are formed around foreign matter such as woody parts of plants after shrinkage. This gap forms a passage for exchanging moisture and nutrients between the ground and the soil in the cavity. Furthermore, since it is a woody part of the plant, it rots and returns to the soil with the passage of time, and as it becomes nutrient for the plant, the passage between the ground and the soil in the cavity expands, and the plant planted in the cavity is It allows the root to extend deeper than the cavity. That is, in order to secure a space for filling the soil for plants, it is possible to prepare an environment for plants while minimizing the reduction of the inevitable amount of concrete used.

When the concrete body 9 is cast, the exposed surface of the cavity is protected by a sheet made of a somewhat water-resistant natural material such as oil paper or corrugated paper so that the concrete does not flow into the cavity 5. Sheets made of natural material will later rot and return to the soil. 13 is a top end, 14 is a drain hole,
Numeral 15 is a plant that has begun to grow, and when ivy is planted, it grows widely along the slope. 16 is a fish nest and 17 is a bird's nest.

Depending on the environmental block, the slope may be formed as it is without filling the cavity 5 with sandbags. In other words, in the case of an environmental block under the water, simply providing a cavity will provide a hideout for fish. Also in this case, it is preferable that the cavity 5 communicates with the ground 8 by a narrow passage. In addition, an environmental block that does not fill the cavity 5 with soil can also be disposed on a portion of the slope where there is no possibility of flooding. In this case, if the perforations 4 are made relatively large and twigs or the like are inserted in advance, it becomes easier for wild birds to make nests.

The present invention is not limited to a slope of a river, but can be preferably applied to a slope facing a general road. In construction, the strength requirements vary from site to site. In particular, when a high strength is required, the ratio of the product block 19 to the environment block 18 is increased, and the ratio of the environment block 18 is increased in a portion where the strength is relatively moderate, so that it is possible to flexibly respond to the site. it can. In the present invention, joint mortar may be used for the joint surface between the blocks, but the joint mortar may not be used. When not used, moss grows from the joints and contributes to greening.

The present invention in which the pile block method is improved has the following effects. (1) Since it is originally a pile block method, it is a revetment method that has a long track record and is safe. (2) The portion of the front surface of the slope that is filled with soil is smaller than the greening area, and the strength of the concrete is less reduced. Plants grow well due to the narrow passage with at least the amount of soil communicating with the ground. (3) Compared to a large block, since the block is small (within m ² 11), it can respond to a curve. (4) The size of the perforation can be freely selected, and the inside of the cavity can be used in a wide range such as wild bird nests, fish nests, insects, plant growth, etc. by devising. (5) Since no joint mortar is used, greening from the joint can be expected. (6) The thickness of the concrete body is determined in accordance with the stability of the earth pressure to reduce waste of the concrete. (7) The use of locally procurable materials, such as Shino and Soda, for the water passages for plants can prevent the degrading of wilderness. (8) Since it is a permanent revetment, once constructed, no subsequent management is required.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an environmental block having a regular hexagonal prism shape having a short surface portion.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view in which a slope is covered by using the environment block shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a slope viewed from a direction of an arrow IV in FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 surface part 2 leg part 3 trunk part 4 perforation 5 cavity 6 environmental block 7 sandbag 8 ground mountain 9 embedding concrete 10 woody part of a plant 11 sheet made of a natural material 12 foundation concrete 13 top end 14 drainage hole 15 plant which has begun to grow 16 Fish nest 17 Bird's nest 18 Environmental block 19 Stacked block

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A product block comprising a hexagonal prism or a quadrangular prism surface, a leg having a smaller diameter than the surface, and a trunk interposed between the surface and the leg, wherein a center portion of the surface of the surface is provided. Having a perforation, the perforation increases the diameter inside the block to form a cavity, and the cavity opens at a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the leg near the trunk and / or at a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the trunk near the leg. An environmental block characterized by: 2. The environmental block according to claim 1, wherein the cavity is large enough to fill soil sufficient to support a plant. 3. A product block comprising a hexagonal prism or a quadrangular prism having a surface portion, a leg portion having a smaller diameter than the surface portion, and a body portion interposed between the surface portion and the leg portion. A hole is formed in the portion, and the hole expands its diameter inside the block to form a cavity, and the cavity is formed in a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the leg near the trunk and / or in a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the trunk near the leg. The open environment block is inserted into the formwork that is to be integrally molded into the formwork, and the interior formwork for cavity formation is inserted into the formwork by hitting it with a hammer on the surface, leaving a surface for drilling thick enough to easily open. A method of manufacturing an environmental block, wherein a perforation of a predetermined size is provided by hitting concrete on a surface of a surface portion. 4. The method for producing an environmental block according to claim 3, wherein the concrete is a 0-slump immediate demoldable concrete. 5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the surface for perforation is thinnest at one end and slightly thicker at the other end farthest from the one end. 6. When stacking a slope by closely contacting the sides of the surface portion of the stacking block, the surface portion of a hexagonal prism or a quadrangular prism, a leg portion having a smaller diameter than the surface portion, and between the surface portion and the leg portion. A product block consisting of an intervening trunk, having a perforation in the center of the surface of the surface, the perforation increasing the diameter inside the block to form a cavity, and the cavity is formed of a trunk on the outer peripheral surface of the leg. Place an environmental block that is open to a part close to the part and / or a part close to the leg of the trunk outer peripheral surface, fill the cavity of the environmental block with soil, and between the soil and the ground in the cavity, Thickness 1
A method for constructing an environmental block, comprising inserting a woody portion of a plant of 10 mm and placing concrete into a gap between a body portion and a leg portion of a building block. 7. Filling the cavity of the environmental block with soil,
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the environmental block is left as it is.