JP4071487B2 - Civil engineering block, civil engineering structure structure, civil engineering structure construction method, and civil engineering block manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a civil engineering block that is arranged on a large number of construction surfaces in coasts, rivers, lakes, etc. to form gently inclined ponches, submerged dikes, etc., and to perform floor protection, consolidation, revetment, etc. The present invention relates to a construction method of a civil engineering structure that uses the structure, a construction method of a civil engineering structure that constructs the civil engineering structure, and a method of manufacturing a civil engineering block.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a revetment method, there is one in which a large number of civil engineering blocks as heavy objects are laid while being stacked on the construction surface. The civil engineering blocks used in this construction method have a complicated shape (for example, tetrapots), and in cooperation with other civil engineering blocks, it was supposed to ensure the revetment function, floor protection function, and wave extinguishing function. However, in recent years, as shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-237847, this civil engineering block not only exhibits a revetment function, a revetment function, and a wave-dissipating function, but also has harmony with the surrounding natural environment. In order to achieve this, a concrete body with many stones fixed on its surface has been developed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, under the structure of the civil engineering block, when a large number of stones are fixed to the surface of the concrete body in the production, a stone with an anchor is prepared as a stone, Many mounting holes are made in consideration of the size, and each stone is fixed to each mounting hole one by one with the anchor of each stone. Not only is the work difficult, but the fixing work of the stone to the concrete body is complicated. Become.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the first technical problem thereof is that it can exhibit a revetment function, a revetment function, and a wave-dissipating function, and is harmonized with the surrounding natural environment. Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a civil engineering block that can be easily manufactured due to its structure.
A second technical problem is to provide a civil engineering structure using the civil engineering block.
A third technical problem is to provide a construction method for a civil engineering structure that constructs the civil engineering structure.
A fourth technical problem is to provide a method for manufacturing the civil engineering block.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the first technical problem, the present invention (the invention according to claim 1)
There are several trees in the concrete block,
The concrete block is formed as a pedestal;
One end of each tree is embedded in the pedestal,
The other end of each tree protrudes from the upper surface of the pedestal,
The pedestal is stored in a frame so as to surround the periphery of the pedestal.
This is a construction for civil engineering blocks characterized by this. Preferred embodiments of the first aspect are as described in the second to seventh aspects.
[0006]
In order to achieve the second technical problem, in the present invention (the invention according to claim 8 ),
Many civil engineering blocks are laid on the construction surface,
Each of the civil engineering blocks includes a concrete pedestal, a plurality of trees protruding from the upper surface of the pedestal, and a frame for storing the pedestal while surrounding the pedestal at least around the pedestal.
The structure is a civil engineering structure characterized by this.
[0007]
In order to achieve the third technical problem, in the present invention (the invention according to claim 9 ),
As a civil engineering block, prepare a concrete pedestal, a plurality of trees protruding from the pedestal upper surface, and a frame for storing the pedestal while surrounding the pedestal at least around the pedestal,
Install the civil engineering block on the construction surface as it is,
The construction method is a construction method of a civil engineering structure characterized by this.
[0008]
In order to achieve the fourth technical problem described above, the present invention (the invention according to claim 10 )
Prepare a frame with built-in formwork and multiple trees,
First, fill the frame with concrete,
Next, in the concrete, one end side of each tree is embedded in the uncured state of the concrete so that the other end side of each tree protrudes above the concrete.
It is set as the structure made into the manufacturing method of the block for civil engineering characterized by this.
[0009]
【The invention's effect】
According to the invention which concerns on Claim 1, by using the said block for civil engineering on a construction surface, the concrete block which is a heavy article covers the construction surface, and only exhibits functions, such as a revetment and a floor protection (root consolidation). In addition, each tree in the concrete block effectively breaks the wave and exhibits a wave-dissipating function, and the plurality of trees make the civil engineering block fit into the surrounding natural landscape without a sense of incongruity. On the other hand, since the civil engineering block has a structure in which a plurality of trees are held by the concrete block due to the physical engagement relationship between the concrete block and the plurality of trees, it utilizes the properties of concrete (uncured state, hardened) Using the state), it is possible to easily hold multiple trees on a concrete block. For this reason, it is possible to exert a revetment function, a floor protection function, and a wave-dissipating function, as well as to achieve harmony with the surrounding natural environment. It will be possible.
[0010]
In addition, the concrete block is formed as a pedestal, so that it can be easily installed on the construction surface, and the weight stability can be accurately obtained. It is possible to effectively cover the natural area with the surrounding trees by covering the area that is attached to the tree.
[0011]
Furthermore, since the pedestal is housed in the frame so as to surround the periphery of the pedestal, the pedestal can be manufactured using the frame as a mold frame in the manufacturing stage based on the structure.
[0012]
According to the invention which concerns on Claim 2 , since the frame is formed in the state assembled in the shape of a cross girder, the living space of fish etc. can be ensured exactly by the clearance gap based on the cross girder shape of the frame. On the other hand, even if the frame has a cross-girder shape, since the mold frame is built in the frame, the concrete can be received by the mold frame and the frame, and the pedestal can be reliably formed.
[0013]
According to the invention according to claim 3 , not only can a pedestal be manufactured by using a wooden frame as a mold frame , or by using a cross-girder-shaped wooden frame and a mold frame, but also the tree used as the mold frame. The work of removing the mold can be saved while leaving the frame and utilizing the wooden frame as a means of harmonizing with the surrounding environment.
In addition, because the structure can be used as it is without demolding after using the wooden frame as a formwork, the number of formwork is limited, unlike the usual case of using and demolding the formwork. Therefore, the civil engineering blocks can be manufactured smoothly and sequentially.
Furthermore, because the structure can use the wooden frame as a formwork, unlike the normal steel formwork, the size can be easily adjusted, and the weight adjustment of the civil engineering block can be easily performed. It will be possible.
[0014]
According to the invention which concerns on Claim 4 , since a formwork is formed with the decomposable sheet, it will be able to be lost | disappeared by decomposition | disassembly with use, and influences the surrounding environment by the presence. Can be prevented.
[0015]
According to the invention according to claim 5 , in the frame, a plurality of trees form a plurality of columns, and the adjacent columns are arranged such that the trees in one column face each other. Because it has a staggered arrangement, multiple trees are uniformly distributed on the pedestal, and the uniformly distributed multiple trees make the concrete pedestal top surface inconspicuous and fit into the surrounding natural environment You can do it.
[0016]
According to the invention of claim 6 , since at least the upper part of the pedestal is formed of porous concrete and is in a porous state, the soil or the like is removed by utilizing the gap in the upper part of the pedestal (porous concrete part). It can be maintained (when it is below the surface of the water, soil that is flowing or deposited, or when it is on the surface of the water, it is carried by the wind, etc.), and when it appears on the surface, the plant can be easily grown. become.
[0017]
According to the invention of claim 7 , since the tree is a natural tree, the natural tree can be harmonized with the surrounding natural environment.
[0018]
According to the invention according to claim 8 , a large number of civil engineering blocks are laid on the construction surface, and each civil engineering block includes a concrete pedestal, a plurality of trees projecting on the pedestal upper surface, and a pedestal. Since it comprises a frame that encloses and surrounds at least the periphery of the pedestal, the civil engineering structure structure that exhibits a revetment, a floor protection, a wave extinguishing function, etc., by using the civil engineering block according to claim 3 as a construction surface Can be easily obtained.
[0019]
According to the invention of claim 9 , as the civil engineering block, a concrete pedestal, a plurality of trees protruding from the upper surface of the pedestal, and a frame for housing the pedestal while surrounding at least the periphery of the pedestal are provided. And the civil engineering block is installed on the construction surface as it is, so that the civil engineering structure according to claim 17 can be constructed by the method. In addition, in the civil engineering block on the construction surface, A frame as a mold frame is left, and it is possible to save the trouble of demolding at the time of manufacturing a civil engineering block while making use of the frame as a means of harmonizing with the surrounding environment.
[0020]
According to the invention which concerns on Claim 10, the frame which incorporates a formwork, and a plurality of trees are prepared, first, concrete is filled in the frame, and then, the concrete is uncured in the concrete. In the state, one end side of each tree is embedded so that the other end side of each tree protrudes upward from the concrete. Therefore, according to the method, the civil engineering block according to claim 3 is specifically described. It can be manufactured. In addition, since the frames are used as they are without demolding, the civil engineering works smoothly and sequentially without being limited by the number of molds, unlike the normal case of using and demolding the molds. Can be manufactured.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0022]
1 and 2, reference numeral 55 denotes a revetment wall constructed by embedding a plurality of natural stones in a concrete wall in about 2/3. On the construction surface below the water surface 56 in front of the revetment wall 55, A plurality of civil engineering blocks 4 according to the embodiment are disposed mainly for flooring, root hardening and the like.
[0023]
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the civil engineering block 4 includes a wooden frame 5 as a frame, a concrete base 6 provided in the wooden frame 5, and a plurality of trees provided on the upper surface of the base 6. And a plurality of planted trees 7 (standing trees).
[0024]
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the wooden frame 5 is formed in a cross-beam shape by alternately assembling processed logs 8 made of square wood, and the processed logs 8 at each intersection at the four corners are long bolts. They are connected by penetrating them and screwing nuts into them. As a result, the wooden frame 5 defines an internal space 9 having a quadrangular shape (in this embodiment, a square having a side of approximately 2000 mm) when viewed from above, and the interior of the wooden frame 5 in a portion where the processed logs 8 do not exist. A gap 10 is formed so that the space 9 communicates with the outside. 3 and 5, a series of fasteners constituted by the long bolts, nuts and the like are denoted by reference numeral 11.
[0025]
As shown in FIGS. 3, 5, and 6, a mold 12 is built in the wooden frame 5. The mold frame 12 is formed in a bag shape using a flexible material, and the side surface of the mold frame 12 is accommodated along the inner surface of the wooden frame 5, with a fastener (not shown), At a plurality of locations, the inner surface of the processed log 8 constituting the wooden frame 5 is fastened. In this case, the upper opening portion of the mold 12 is in a state of protruding upward in FIGS. 3 and 5, but finally, as shown in FIG. The portion located on the log 8 side is fastened by a fastener (not shown) in a state along the inner surface of the processed log 8, and the portion located on each of the opposite processed logs 8 from the top is the processed log 8 is to be fastened by a fastener (not shown) in a state of being bent so as to overlap the upper surface. Of course, as another aspect, the upper end of the mold 12 may be within the upper surface of each of the opposite processed logs 8 that is second from the top.
[0026]
In the present embodiment, the mold 12 is formed using a biodegradable sheet. As the biodegradable sheet, specifically, those derived from plants such as corn starch, hemp, coconut fiber, bamboo, reed, cotton, cocoon, etc. are used. It is supposed to decompose and disappear without affecting the environment. Of course, in addition to this, as the mold 12, for example, non-woven fabric, woven fabric (nonwoven fabric and woven fabric include both non-decomposable and degradable sheets), plate material (preferably flexible plate material), bamboo, wood, etc. Various materials may be used. Further, the mold 12 may have an eye that communicates the inside and the outside. Specifically, for example, the form 12 is knitted into a bamboo basket using a bamboo or wood (preferably, smoked) or meshed. It may be formed.
[0027]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the pedestal 6 is accommodated in a mold 12 in the wooden frame 5. The pedestal 6 occupies the entire inner volume of the wooden frame 5, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the pedestal 6 form a flat surface in this embodiment. In this case, it is preferable that at least the upper portion of the pedestal 6 is made of porous concrete and the upper portion of the pedestal 6 is made porous. Hold the soil, etc. using the air gap in the upper part of the pedestal 6 (porous concrete part) (if it is below the surface of the water, hold the soil that is flowing or deposited, and if it is on the surface of the water, carry it by wind etc. This is because the concrete upper surface of the pedestal 6 can be covered with the soil to harmonize with the surrounding natural environment and the plant can be easily grown (especially the upper surface of the pedestal 6 is on the ground surface). When it appears).
[0028]
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, a substantially U-shaped reinforcing bar 51 is integrated with the base 6 as a connecting member to the wooden frame 5. That is, a reinforcing bar 51 is inserted into each side surface of the wooden frame 5 by using the gap 10. Each reinforcing bar 51 has one end side inserted into the base 6, while the other end side has a gap 10. And protrudes out of the wooden frame 6. Each of the reinforcing bars 51 includes a pair of opposed line portions 52 facing each other, a bent portion 53 provided in a state of being bent outward at one end side of each opposed line portion 52, and the pair of opposed line portions. And the connecting portion 54 that connects the other end side of the opposite end portion 52 in a curved state, and the bent portion 53 on one end side of each opposing line portion 52 enters the pedestal 6 to exert a retaining function, As shown in FIG. 2, the connecting portion 54 on the other end side of the line portion 52 constitutes a hook portion for connecting the civil engineering blocks 4 to each other via the shackle 57. In this case, the rebar 51 is set before filling the concrete into the mold 12 in the wooden frame 5, but at this time, the opposing line portion 52 of the rebar 51 is based on the spring property based on the substantially U-shape, The upper and lower processed logs 8 that define the gap 10 are engaged with each other in a biased state, and the reinforcing bars 51 are easily set on the wooden frame 5. And after finishing the concrete filling performed after that and the concrete hardened | cured, the hardened concrete will exist also between the both opposing line parts 52 in the one end side of the reinforcing bar 51, and both of the opposing line parts 52 of FIG. The expansion / contraction property is regulated, and each reinforcing bar is configured to integrate the base 6 and the wooden frame 5.
[0029]
Of course, as another aspect, the reinforcing bar 51 may be configured to enter the pedestal 6 through the gap 10 while the pair of opposed line portions 52 are arranged in the extending direction of the processed log 8. As a result, even when the gap 10 between the processed logs 8 is narrow, it can be accurately handled.
[0030]
Further, the side surface of the pedestal 6 slightly bulges in a place where the gap 10 between the wooden frames 5 (between the upper and lower processed logs) exists, and the bulged portion enters the gap 10 together with the mold 12 (see FIG. 6, the bulging portion is not shown in the figure. This also prevents the wooden frame 5 from coming out of the pedestal 6 by engaging the side surface of the pedestal 6 with the wooden frame 5.
[0031]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the plurality of planted trees 7 are provided on the pedestal 6. Each planted plant 7 has a diameter of about 130 mm and extends for a certain length. One end of each planted plant 7 is embedded in the pedestal 6 and the other end is projected from the upper surface of the pedestal 6 as a projecting portion 7a. Yes. In the present embodiment, natural trees (for example, thinned wood, logs) are used as each plant, about 70% of the extending direction in each plant 7 is embedded in the pedestal 6, and the remaining part is the upper surface of the pedestal. Protruding from. In this case, each planted plant 7 is shown with a uniform diameter in FIG. 6 for the sake of convenience. However, from the viewpoint of increasing the engagement strength (pullout strength) with the pedestal 6, one with a partially different diameter (particularly with a step). Those having a larger diameter on the lower side are preferred. Further, in this embodiment, the projecting portions 7a in each plant 7 form a plurality of rows, and in adjacent rows, the projecting portions 7a in the other row face each other between the projecting portions 7a in one row. Thus, the protrusions 7a are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the pedestal.
[0032]
Therefore, if such a civil engineering block 4 is laid as shown in FIG. 2, the construction surface 2 will be covered with the civil engineering block 4 as a heavy object, so that floor protection, root consolidation, etc. are accurately achieved. Will be able to. In this case, the plurality of projecting portions 7a (plants 7) on the pedestal 6 function together with the wooden frame 5 and the civil engineering block 4 with the surrounding natural environment, and also function as a fish reef by breeding algae and shellfish. become.
[0033]
Also, the plurality of protrusions 7a on the pedestal 6 work as flow resistance means and are preferable. That is, the plurality of projecting portions 7a reduce the speed of the water flow, prevent scouring and the like, and further enhance the functions of the floor protection and the like. At the same time, the decrease in the water flow velocity based on the plurality of protrusions 7a promotes sedimentation of earth and sand in the water flow, and further, based on the wakes immediately downstream of each protrusion 7a (vortex flow, flow velocity) Therefore, sediment in the water stream can be collected in the downstream area, and accumulation of sediment in the water stream can be promoted. In this case, the staggered arrangement of the plurality of projecting portions 7a uniformly deposits earth and sand, and the porous state on the pedestal 6 enhances the holding of the earth and sand on the pedestal 6 by the gaps. . For this reason, the upper surface of the pedestal can be covered with earth and sand so as not to give a sense of incongruity to the surrounding environment, and the pedestal is based on the accumulated earth and sand, etc., especially in drought when the civil engineering block 4 appears It becomes possible to make it easy to grow a plant on 6.
[0034]
Such a civil engineering block 4 is manufactured as follows. First, the cross-shaped wooden frame 5 (see FIG. 7) in which the formwork 12 is built in and a plurality of planted trees 7 are prepared. The wooden frame 5 incorporates the mold (biodegradable flexible raw sheet) 12, and the mold 12 is fastened to the wooden frame 5 with a fastener (not shown).
[0035]
Next, in order to form the pedestal 6, as shown in FIG. 8, concrete is filled into the mold 12 in the wooden frame 5. In this case, from the viewpoint of securing the weight as much as possible, it is preferable to inject the concrete so that bubbles are not formed inside as much as possible. In addition, when injecting the concrete, discarded materials such as steel slag may be input as filling material. Accordingly, the waste can be isolated and the heavy weight of the waste can be used as the weight of the base 6.
[0036]
Next, in order to integrate the concrete in the wooden frame 5 and each plant 7, as shown in FIG. 6, before the concrete in the mold 12 hardens, each plant 7 from the upper opening of the mold 12. Insert. At this time, the embedment depth of each plant 7 is determined in consideration of the holding force of the pedestal 6 with respect to each plant 7 so that the embedment depth becomes deeper as a higher holding force is required due to rapid flow or the like. Is set. Moreover, the protrusion amount of the protrusion part 7a from the pedestal upper surface of each planted plant 7 is determined in consideration of the length to the water surface, the required resistance to the flow, and the like. Then, after the uncured concrete in the wooden frame 5 is hardened, the production is finished.
[0037]
As described above, the civil engineering block 4 has a structure in which a plurality of plants 7 are held on the pedestal 6, and therefore, the necessary number of the plurality of plants 7 (natural stone holding units 15) can be easily mounted on the pedestal 6. In addition, it is possible to easily and quickly obtain the strong holding by utilizing the properties (uncured state and hardened state) of the concrete during production. In addition, it is possible to save the work of demolding while leaving the wooden frame 5 as a mold and utilizing the wooden frame 5 as a means for harmonizing with the surrounding environment.
[0038]
Although the embodiment has been described above, the present invention includes the following aspects.
1) The planted tree 7 includes not only natural trees but also artificial trees formed of concrete or the like.
2) The arrangement of the plurality of protrusions 7a is appropriately determined, and the direction of the water flow is controlled in a preferable state from various viewpoints such as a floor protection.
3) As a block for civil engineering, a concrete pedestal including only a plurality of planted trees 7 on the upper surface without including the wooden frame 5 is included.
4) In the civil engineering block 4 including the frame (the wooden frame 5 in the embodiment), the frame 5 is appropriately formed of concrete, steel, resin, cardboard or the like instead of wood.
5) Each leg portion formed with, for example, a short square member (for example, one having a square end surface of about 125 mm on one side and a length in the direction of about 400 mm) is provided at each of the lower corners of the wooden frame 5, Make the frame 5, pedestal 6 etc. floating. This is because, when the flat bottom surface of the pedestal 6 is placed on an uneven construction surface as it is, the installation stability may deteriorate (become unstable), and in order to eliminate it, The four legs support the wooden frame 5, the pedestal 6 and the like at four points.
6) A plurality of planted trees 7 are attached to one side of the rectangular wire mesh 17 corresponding to the upper surface of the pedestal 6, and the wire mesh 17 and each planted plant 7 on the wire mesh 17 side are embedded in the pedestal 6.
7) A bottom plate (for example, a concrete plate, a wire mesh, etc.) is provided at the bottom of the wooden frame 5) In addition to the use for revetment or rooting, it can be placed on a construction surface such as a slope to be used for revetment, Use it as a wave breaker that breaks the waves with each planted tree and effectively breaks the waves.
9) The civil engineering block according to each embodiment is used for revetment, revetment, stubbornness, wave-dissipation, or as a covering block that covers the surface of a submarine, etc. in the sea, rivers, lakes, etc.
10) When the civil engineering block is used in the sea, iron, silica, or the like that is insufficient in seawater should also be mixed into the base 6.
[0039]
It should be noted that the object of the present invention is not limited to what is explicitly described, but includes provision of what is substantially preferable or corresponding to what is described as an advantage.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a floor is protected and rooted using a civil engineering block according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an arrangement state of civil engineering blocks according to the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a civil engineering block according to the embodiment.
4 is a front view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG. 4;
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a manufacturing process of a civil engineering block according to the embodiment.
8 is an explanatory view showing a manufacturing process subsequent to FIG. 7. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Construction surface
4 blocks for civil engineering
5 wooden frame
6 pedestal
7 Planting
12 Formwork

Claims (10)

There are several trees in the concrete block,
The concrete block is formed as a pedestal;
One end of each tree is embedded in the pedestal,
The other end of each tree protrudes from the upper surface of the pedestal,
The pedestal is stored in a frame so as to surround the periphery of the pedestal.
Civil engineering blocks characterized by that. In claim 1 ,
The frame is formed in a state of being assembled in a cross-beam shape,
A formwork is interposed between the cross-shaped frame and the pedestal,
Civil engineering blocks characterized by that. In claim 1 or 2 ,
The frame is a wooden frame;
Civil engineering blocks characterized by that. In claim 2 ,
The mold is formed of a degradable sheet,
Civil engineering blocks characterized by that. In claim 1 ,
It said plurality of trees, with forming a plurality of rows, Oite its adjacent rows, are disposed to face trees in the other row between tree in one row,
Civil engineering blocks characterized by that. In claim 1 ,
At least the upper part of the pedestal is formed of porous concrete and is in a porous state,
Civil engineering blocks characterized by that. In any one of Claims 1-6 ,
The tree is a natural tree;
Civil engineering blocks characterized by that. Many civil engineering blocks are laid on the construction surface,
Each of the civil engineering blocks includes a concrete pedestal, a plurality of trees protruding from the upper surface of the pedestal, and a frame for storing the pedestal while surrounding the pedestal at least around the pedestal.
Civil engineering structure structure characterized by that. As a civil engineering block, prepare a concrete pedestal, a plurality of trees protruding from the pedestal upper surface, and a frame for storing the pedestal while surrounding the pedestal at least around the pedestal,
Install the civil engineering block on the construction surface as it is,
The construction method of the civil engineering structure characterized by this. Prepare a frame with built-in formwork and multiple trees,
First, fill the frame with concrete,
Next, in the concrete, one end side of each tree is embedded in the uncured state of the concrete so that the other end side of each tree protrudes above the concrete.
The manufacturing method of the block for civil engineering characterized by the above-mentioned.

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