JP2001219147A - Garbage treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To materialize a garbage treatment apparatus which can ferment/ extinguish garbage effectively by activating fermentation bacteria. SOLUTION: In a container 31 for housing materials, two agitation booths 32a, 32b having approximately semi-arc shaped cross sections are arranged in the diameter direction of the container 31. The container 31 is supported swingably by setting coil springs 52a-d between the bottom surfaces of flanges 51a-d formed near the upper end pars of the four corners of the container 31 and the upper surfaces of four columns 53a-d, respectively. Below the container 31, a motor in which eccentric weights 44a, 44b are fitted to both end parts of a rotary shaft 43 is arranged. Rotors 11a, 11b which have vent holes through which air is passed, are filled with particles, and are rotated by vibration generated by the rotation of the motor are placed in the booths 32a, 32b, respectively.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage disposal apparatus for treating garbage discharged from homes and restaurants using fermentation bacteria. Specifically, it is an object of the present invention to provide a garbage processing apparatus that can increase the activity of fermentative bacteria and more efficiently ferment and eliminate garbage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, focusing on the decomposing action of organic substances by fermenting bacteria, sawdust containing fermenting bacteria and garbage are mixed by stirring, and garbage is fermented by the decomposing action of the fermenting bacteria in contact with the garbage. Various garbage disposal apparatuses to be extinguished have been proposed.

As a conventional example of such a garbage processing apparatus using such a fermenting bacterium, the structure of a stirring apparatus suitable for processing garbage, which was previously filed by the present applicant, is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. (See Japanese Patent Application No. 11-174064). FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the configuration of this conventional example.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 5.

In FIG. 5, reference numeral 31 denotes a container for holding sawdust and garbage containing fermentation bacteria (hereinafter, both are collectively referred to as "object to be stirred"), in which the object to be stirred is stirred. Will be The container 31 has an upper opening formed in a square shape, and two stirring booths 32a and 32b having a substantially semicircular cross section for stirring the object to be stirred are arranged in the inside thereof. Has been established.

That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the inner wall at the bottom of the container 31 has a three-character cross-section in which two semicircular arcs are arranged in parallel in the diameter direction. Also, both end walls 33 of the container 31
a and 33b are provided with projecting portions 34 projecting in a rectangular shape in cross section.
a, 34b are provided, and each overhang portion 34 is provided.
The lower surface walls of a and 34b are formed so as to have the same circumference as the inner wall of the semicircular arc at the bottom of the container 31.

In FIG. 5, flanges 51a to 51d, which are rectangular plates, are provided near the upper ends of the four corners of the outer wall of the container 31.
Each is provided in the horizontal direction. On the other hand, on the rectangular plate-shaped base 54, four columnar columns 53a to 53d are provided upright at positions directly below the flanges 51a to 51d, respectively. The container 31 is supported by interposing the coil springs 52a to 52d acting on the compression between the bottom surfaces of the flanges 51a to 51d and the upper surfaces of the columns 53a to 53d. That is, the container 31 is supported in a swingable state. Note that, instead of the coil springs 52a to 52d, a leaf spring, a rubber material, or another elastic body may be used.

Below the center of the container 31 supported in this way is a hopper-shaped motor support 42 containing a motor (not shown) via a mounting member 41 having a U-shaped cross section. However, it is arranged to be suspended. Then, disk-shaped eccentric weights 44a and 44b eccentric from the axis of the rotating shaft 43 are provided at both ends of the rotating shaft 43 of the motor protruding from both side surfaces of the motor supporting portion 42, the centers of which are 180 degrees from each other. It is mounted to be in a rotated position. The rotation shaft 43 of the motor and the axial directions of the stirring booths 32a and 32b (FIG. 6) coincide with each other.

Accordingly, when the motor is rotated, the eccentric weights 44a and 44b rotate, and forced vibration is generated by the centrifugal action. The generated vibration is transmitted to the container 31 via the mounting member 41. As a result, container 3
Since 1 is supported in a swingable state, the container 31 is vibrated.

Here, it is more efficient to mount the motor at a fixed distance from the container 31 through the mounting member 41 than to mount the motor directly on the container 31, rather than to mount the motor on the container 31 efficiently. Can be transmitted to The axis of the rotating shaft 43 of the motor is aligned with each of the stirring booths 32a, 32a.
Vibration caused by driving of the motor is efficiently transmitted over the entire area of the container 31 when it is located immediately below the boundary of b. Note that the vibration generating mechanism for vibrating the container 31 is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 5, and may use, for example, a repulsive force of an electromagnet.

Next, the operation of the apparatus constructed as described above will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 6, the vibration generated when the motor rotates clockwise in the drawing and the respective eccentric weights 44a, 44b (FIG. 5) rotates clockwise in the drawing is transmitted to the stirring booth 32a on the left side in the drawing. Transmits main vibration. This allows
The object to be stirred in the stirring booth 32a is given a main clockwise rotational force Ra. In addition, stirring booth 3 on the right
Secondary vibration is transmitted to the stirring booth 32b.
A rotating force Rb in the same direction as the rotating force Ra is also applied to the object to be stirred.

On the other hand, when the motor rotates in the counterclockwise direction, the main vibration is transmitted to the right agitating booth 32b, and the object to be stirred therein is provided with the main rotational force in the counterclockwise direction. Secondary vibration is transmitted to the left agitating booth 32a, and the object to be agitated there is also given a counterclockwise rotational force.

The above results have been confirmed by experiments. Therefore, the rotation direction of the object to be stirred in each of the stirring booths 32a and 32b can be freely changed by switching between the normal rotation and the reverse rotation of the motor.

Therefore, the method of using the device operating in this way will be described. Before starting the device, sawdust (or ceramic particles) containing the fermentation bacteria is placed in the container 3 beforehand.
Put it in 1. The charging amount is preferably about 70% of the volume of the container 31.

Next, the apparatus is operated. In that case,
Assuming that the motor is rotated clockwise, the sawdust stored in each of the stirring booths 32a and 32b is provided with clockwise rotation forces Ra and Rb. As a result, the sawdust rotates, and stably rotates so as to have an appearance like a thick cylindrical mass. The rotation speed is adjusted by appropriately setting the rotation speed of the motor by a controller (not shown).

Therefore, garbage is thrown into the sawdust rotating in this way. At this time, the inside of the container 31 is at a temperature condition (40 degrees Celsius or more) at which the fermentation bacteria are easily activated by the fermentation action of the fermentation bacteria without using a heating means. The ratio of sawdust and garbage is 1 in volume ratio.
It is desirable that the ratio be about 0: 1.

When garbage is put into the rotating sawdust, the material to be stirred is divided into two parts, each of which is rotated in the same direction and stirred and mixed. To make the stirring and mixing efficient, It is effective to change the rotation direction of the object to be stirred in each of the stirring booths 32a and 32b.

Therefore, if the rotation direction of the object to be stirred is repeatedly changed by switching between forward and reverse rotations of the motor at every time set by the timer, efficient stirring and mixing of the object to be stirred can be achieved. It is possible to make the garbage disappear by fermentation in time. According to an experiment conducted by the inventor of the present application, a result was obtained in which 15 kg of garbage disappeared by fermentation in 12 hours.

In the above description, the case where two stirring booths 32a and 32b are provided in parallel inside the container 31 has been described. However, three or more stirring booths may be provided in parallel. In this case, the motor is arranged so that the axis of the rotary shaft 43 is located immediately below the central stirring booth if three stirring booths are arranged in parallel.

[0019]

However, according to the above conventional example, there are the following problems to be solved. That is, since the inside of the container 31 is at least 40 degrees Celsius at the time of operation of the apparatus, the object to be stirred that rotates in a thick columnar shape in each of the stirring booths 32a and 32b has a surface portion as it rotates. dry. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of each of the stirring booths 32a and 32b is stably rotated along the inner wall of the arc. Therefore, the surface portion of the object to be stirred solidifies soon. That is, the surface of the object to be stirred is solidified to form a cylinder.

However, when the surface of the object to be stirred solidifies,
Air cannot be sufficiently circulated into the object to be stirred. As a result, oxygen is not sufficiently supplied to the fermentation bacteria inside the stirred object, and the activity becomes inactive.

If the activity of the fermenting bacteria is inactive, the decomposing action of the garbage by the fermenting bacteria will be reduced, and it will not be possible to achieve efficient fermentation elimination of the garbage. The problems to be solved as described above exist in the conventional example shown in FIG.

[0022]

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. For this purpose, the present invention takes the following measures. That is, at least one agitation booth having a substantially semicircular cross section is provided inside a container for accommodating the object to be agitated. The container is swingably supported via an elastic body. A vibration generating mechanism for generating vibration transmitted to the container is provided below the container. A rotating body having a ventilation hole for allowing air to flow therein and filled with particulate matter and rotating by vibration generated from a vibration generating mechanism is accommodated in a stirring booth. The above means are used in the present invention.

[0023]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
And will be described. Here, FIG. 1 is a partially cut-away sectional view showing the present embodiment, and the same components as those in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Referring to FIG. 1, a description will be given of a difference between the garbage processing apparatus according to the present embodiment and the configuration of the conventional example shown in FIG. In the present apparatus, each of the rotating bodies 11a and 11b that rotate by the operation of the apparatus is accommodated in each of the stirring booths 32a and 32b inside the container 31. The other configuration is the same as the conventional example shown in FIG.

The specific structure of the rotating bodies 11a and 11b is not shown in FIG. 1, and details of the structure are described below.
It is shown in FIG.

In FIG. 2A (perspective view), the rotating body 1
1a is formed in a cylindrical shape having a hollow structure, and a large number of air holes 12 are provided on the entire surface thereof so that air flows therethrough. On the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 11a, eight plate-shaped blades 13-1 to -8 having the same length as the outer peripheral surface and having a predetermined thickness and height are provided. They are erected at regular intervals along the direction. These blades 13-1 to -8 are for crushing garbage finely or for damaging the surface of vegetables or the like, thereby promoting the fermentation action of the fermenting bacteria. In FIG. 2A,
Although the case where eight blades 13-1 to -8 are provided is shown, the number provided is not particularly limited.

Here, the outer diameter of the rotating body 11a is set to the inner diameter of the stirring booth 32a (FIG. 1) so that a gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 11a and the inner wall of the stirring booth 32a (FIG. 1). It is desirable to set it to about 70 to 85%. That is, if the inner diameter of the stirring booth 32a is, for example, 60 cm, the outer diameter of the rotating body 11a is 50 cm.

Note that the width of the rotating body 11a is
It is preferable that the width is substantially equal to the axial width of 2a. In this embodiment, stainless steel is used as a material of the rotating body 11a, but a light metal such as aluminum or a rigid plastic may be used.

As shown in FIG. 2B (a partially cutaway perspective view), the inside of the rotating body 11a thus constructed is a drum-shaped net bag 14 which is a storage device using a net. The granular material 15 filled therein is accommodated. The reason why the granular material 15 is accommodated inside the rotating body 11a is that the object to be stirred put in the container 31 is provided with the ventilation holes 12 inside the rotating body 11a.
And the rotating body 11
This is to ensure the air permeability inside a and form a bacterial bed on which the fermenting bacteria propagate.

As the granular material 15, a chip-shaped palm pattern of 15 mm square is used here, but ceramic particles or the like may also be used.
Any material that can secure air permeability inside a may be used.

The size of the mesh bag 14 filled with the granular material 15 may be any size as long as it can be accommodated inside the rotating body 11a, and the granular material 15 is filled in a plurality of small-sized mesh bags, respectively. These may be accommodated inside the rotating body 11a. The material of the mesh bag 14 may be a synthetic fiber or a natural fiber, or may be a metal. The mesh bag is used in consideration of air permeability, and may be, for example, a bag using a fabric or a metal basket-shaped body as long as air permeability is ensured. .

In FIG. 2, for simplicity of explanation,
Although only one rotator 11a is illustrated, the configuration of the other rotator 11b (FIG. 1) is the same.

Next, a state in which the garbage processing apparatus thus configured is operated will be described with reference to FIG. Here, FIG. 3A shows a case where the motor 45 is rotated clockwise on the drawing, and FIG.
The case where the motor 45 is rotated counterclockwise is shown.

In FIG. 3A, when the motor 45 rotates clockwise, as described above, the left stirring booth 1
A main rotating force in the clockwise direction is applied to the object accommodated in 1a. Therefore, the stirring target S and the rotating body 11a rotate clockwise.

The features of the present invention at this time are as follows.
In the conventional example shown in FIG. 5, the object S to be agitated rotates in a thick columnar shape, whereas in the apparatus of the present invention, the object S to be agitated has a cylindrical shape with a large hollow portion inside. Is to rotate. That is, the layer of the stirring target S containing the fermentation bacteria requiring oxygen is thin. In addition, the rotating body 11a has a hollow structure, and the inside has ventilation. Therefore, air is sufficiently taken into the object S to be stirred. Therefore, the fermentation bacteria contained in the stirring target S sufficiently absorb and activate oxygen to promote the fermentation action.

Second, the rotating body 11a does not rotate while being supported by the support shaft. That is, the position of the axis is not fixed. Therefore, in the agitated material booth 32a, the rotating body 11a rotates while the position of the axis thereof constantly changes irregularly. As a result, the object S to be stirred in the portion exposed from the stirring booth 32a rises or collapses, so that the object to be stirred S also rotates with an irregular motion, and the surface thereof is constantly crushed. It does not solidify. Therefore, the object to be stirred S
Inside, the air is sufficiently circulated. On the other hand, in the conventional example shown in FIG. 5, the object S to be stirred is constantly rotated along the inner wall of the stirring booth 32a in the same state as the fixed position of the axis. The surface of S is solidified.

When the object S and the rotating body 11a in the left stirring booth 32a are rotating, the object S and the rotating body 11b in the right stirring booth 32b are
According to the experiment, it does not rotate, but merely vibrates, and the small pieces of the dried object S fall down toward the lower part.

FIG. 3B shows a case where the motor 45 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction. In the same manner as described above, the object S and the rotating body 11b in the right stirring booth 32b are rotated. Rotates in the counterclockwise direction, and the fermentation bacteria contained in the material to be stirred S are sufficiently supplied with oxygen to promote the fermentation action.

According to the experiment conducted by the inventor of the present application, the container 3
In the conventional example shown in FIG. 5, when the garbage stored in the container 1 is 15 kg and the switching between the normal rotation and the reverse rotation of the motor 45 is performed every 1 minute and 30 seconds, it takes 12 hours to eliminate the fermentation of the garbage. On the contrary, in the apparatus of the present invention, the fermentation disappeared in 6 to 8 hours.

In the above, each of the rotating bodies 11a, 11b
Has been described as an example in the case where is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to a case where it is formed in a polygonal pillar shape such as a hollow pentagonal pillar shape or an octagonal pillar shape.
Further, a ventilation hole 1 provided on the entire surface of each of the rotating bodies 11a and 11b.
2 is not limited to a circular hole as shown in FIG. 2A, but may be a hole of any shape, and its size and number are not particularly limited.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the structure of a main part of another embodiment of the present invention. Here, the same components as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In FIG. 4, the rotating body 21a accommodated in the stirring booth 32a (FIG. 1) shown in FIG.
1 is supported by a cylindrical support shaft 22 penetrating therethrough so as to rotate freely. A heater 23 for heating the inside of the container 31 is provided in the hollow portion of the support shaft 22. Further, the granular material 1 is provided inside the rotating body 21a.
5 (FIG. 2B) are accommodated. Other configurations are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG.

As described above, the temperature condition under which the fermentation bacteria are easily activated is 40 ° C. or more. Then, when sawdust containing the fermenting bacteria is put into the container 31 and the apparatus is operated, the inside of the container 31 is usually at least 40 degrees Celsius without using a heating means. However, in cold regions, such temperatures often do not occur. Further, there are cases where it is desired to quickly satisfy the temperature condition even in a cold region.

Therefore, a configuration devised in response to such necessity is that a heater 23 is provided in the support shaft 22 of the rotating body 21a. If such a configuration is used, the heat source is arranged at the axial center of each of the stirring booths 32a and 32b, so that the object to be stirred S is uniformly heated, and good thermal efficiency can be obtained. .

Here, in the conventional example shown in FIG. 5, if a device incorporating the heater 23 in the hollow portion of the cylindrical body is arranged at the position of the axis of each of the stirring booths 32a and 32b, the apparatus is operated. However, it has been experimentally confirmed that the object S in each of the stirring booths 32a and 32b does not rotate.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, since the rotating body 21a is accommodated in each of the stirring booths 32a and 32b, the object S to be stirred is cylindrical and rotates. The heater 23 can be disposed at the position of the axis of 32a, 32b.

If the above configuration is used, since the rotating body 21a is supported by the support shaft 22, the position of the rotating body 21a such as each of the rotating bodies 11a and 11b in the embodiment shown in FIG. There is no irregular change. However, in each of the agitation booths 32a and 32b, the agitated object S rotates in a cylindrical shape, and the layer of the agitated object S containing the fermenting bacteria requiring oxygen can be thinned. The advantage that the air is sufficiently taken in to activate the activity of the fermentation bacteria is maintained.

It should be noted that the shape of the rotating body 21a is not limited to a columnar one, as in the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. Also, in FIG. 4, for simplicity of description, only the rotating body 21a accommodated in one stirring booth 32a is illustrated, but the rotating body accommodated in the other stirring booth 32b has the same configuration.

In the above, the case where the two stirring booths 32a and 32b are provided in parallel inside the container 31 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this,
The present invention can be applied to a case where three or more stirring booths are arranged in parallel, and a case where only a single stirring booth is provided.

[0050]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, a rotating body having a hollow structure which is rotated by the operation of the apparatus is accommodated in a stirring booth of a vessel for stirring and mixing an object to be stirred. Therefore, the object to be stirred has a large hollow portion on the inner side and rotates in a cylindrical shape. That is,
The layer of the stirred object containing the fermenting bacteria that requires oxygen becomes thinner, and the inside of the rotating body is kept air-permeable, so that sufficient air is taken into the stirred object. . Therefore, the fermentation bacteria contained in the agitated material sufficiently activates by absorbing oxygen, and the fermentation action is promoted.

The rotating body accommodated in the stirring booth does not rotate while being supported by the support shaft.
The rotating body rotates while its position constantly changes irregularly.
Therefore, the object to be stirred always moves irregularly, and its surface does not solidify. Therefore, the flow of air into the object to be stirred is not interrupted,
Oxygen necessary for the activity of the fermenter is supplied sufficiently, and the fermenter is activated. As a result, the decomposition action of garbage is promoted, and efficient fermentation elimination is realized.

Further, the rotating body accommodated in the stirring booth is supported by a cylindrical support shaft, and a heater is disposed in a hollow portion of the support shaft. That is, since the heater is disposed at the axial center of the stirring booth, the object to be stirred is rotated in a cylindrical shape, so that the layer of the object to be stirred is thinned, so that sufficient air is provided inside the object to be stirred. While maintaining the advantage that the fermentation bacteria are activated by being taken in, the material to be stirred in the stirring booth is uniformly heated, and good thermal efficiency can be obtained. Therefore, the effect provided by the present invention is extremely large in practical use.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway partial sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a rotating body illustrated in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a state when the garbage processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is operated.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a main part of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a configuration of a conventional example.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11a, 11b Rotating body 12 Vent hole 13-1 to 13-8 Blade 14, 14B Mesh bag 15 Granular material 21a Rotating body 22 Support shaft 23 Heater 31 Container 32a, 32b Stirring booth 33a, 33b Both end walls 34a, 34b Overhanging portion 41 Mounting Member 42 Motor Support 43 Rotation Shaft 44a, 44b Eccentric Weight 45 Motor 51a-51d Flange 52a-52d Coil Spring 53a-53d Support 54 Base S Base to be Stirred

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A container means (31) for accommodating an object to be stirred (S), provided with at least one stirring booth (32a, 32b) having a substantially semicircular cross-sectional shape; Support means (53a-d) for swingably supporting via elastic bodies (52a-d), and vibration for generating vibration transmitted to the container means disposed below the container means. Generating means (45, 44
a, 44b), having a ventilation hole (12) accommodated in the at least one agitation booth for allowing air to flow therethrough, and the inside of which is filled with particulate matter (15), and the vibration generating means A garbage disposal device comprising: rotating body means (11a, 11b) rotating by vibrations generated from the garbage. 2. The rotator means (21a) is supported by a support shaft (22) having a hollow part and a heating means (23) disposed in the hollow part. The garbage disposal apparatus according to 1.