JP4431097B2 - Vibration processing apparatus and method of processing granular material using the apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for performing processing such as mixing, drying, granulation, coating, etc. while flowing powder particles by vibrating a container-shaped processing chamber, and particularly according to the flow state of the powder particles. The present invention relates to a vibration processing apparatus and a method for processing a granular material using this apparatus, which can increase the processing efficiency by changing the vibration mode.

  In manufacturing plants, processing plants, etc. for powders of foods, pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, feeds, chemicals, etc., these raw materials are obtained by subjecting the raw materials to mixing, drying, granulation, coating, etc. There is a vibration processing device as one of the devices for this purpose. The vibration dryer, which is an example of the vibration processing apparatus, can perform processing such as mixing, drying, granulation, coating, etc. on the object to be processed under reduced pressure or normal pressure, and further includes a flammable solvent. Processing is possible. As shown in FIG. 8, the basic structure of this type of apparatus is such that the inner space of a sealable cylindrical container-like casing 1 ′ is a processing chamber 10 ′. An elastic body 2 'such as a vibration rubber is provided on the base B', and a single vibrator unit 5 'is provided on the casing 1'.

Such a vibration drier D ′ has a circular vibration (360 ° in all directions) in the transverse section of the casing 1 ′ due to the eccentric movement of the unbalance weight 53 ′ provided in the rotating shaft 52 ′ of the motor in the vibrator unit 5 ′. On the other hand, by applying longitudinal vibration (vibration whose direction is changed only in the vertical direction) in the longitudinal section, the granular material G flows in the processing chamber 10 '. And the mixture, drying, granulation, coating, and the like are performed.
Then, by setting the path from the inlet 15 ′ side to the outlet 16 ′ side so that the outlet 16 ′ side descends, the powder G is discharged. That is, the granular material G is in a flow state in the processing chamber 10 ′ that is vibrated by the vibrator unit 5 ′, and proceeds along a slope that descends from the inlet 15 ′ toward the outlet 16 ′. It will be going.

However, in the conventional vibration dryer D ′ that gives circular vibration in the cross section of the casing 1 ′, when the granular material G introduced from the inlet 15 ′ moves toward the outlet 16 ′. Therefore, the granular material G stays in the vicinity of the inlet 15 ', causing a reduction in processing efficiency.
In addition, it takes a long time (a few hours at a long time) until all the processed granular material G is discharged, and the remaining several percent of the granular material G is treated with the discharge port 16 '. It may return to the inlet 15 ′ without exceeding the step with the chamber 10 ′, and it takes a longer time to completely discharge.

Therefore, the present applicant searches for the operating principle of the transfer mechanism of the vibration processing apparatus, and also provides a vibrator unit 5 that applies circular vibration in the transverse section of the casing 1 'that has been followed continuously in the design of this type of apparatus. The mounting mode of ′ is reviewed from the beginning, and longitudinal vibration is given in the transverse section of the casing 1 ″, while circular vibration is given in the longitudinal section, thereby transferring and discharging the workpiece quickly and reliably. The vibration processing apparatus which can be used has been developed and has already been applied for a patent (see Patent Document 1).
As shown in FIG. 9, the invention according to the above patent application is provided with a vibrator unit 5 ″ so that the rotating shaft 52 ″ is orthogonal to the path from the inlet 15 ″ to the outlet 16 ″. The cross section of the casing 1 "is caused by causing the vibration force generated by the vibrator unit 5" to act in parallel with the transfer direction of the object to be processed from the inlet 15 "side to the outlet 16" side in a plan view. In addition to giving vertical vibrations in the interior, circular vibrations can be given in the longitudinal section, and the moving speed of the object to be processed can be set high, and the above problem can be solved.
Further, according to the present invention, longitudinal vibrations can be applied even within the longitudinal section of the casing 1 ″ by reversing the rotational direction of the two vibrator units 5 ″ and making the rotational speed the same. The circular vibration could not be given in the cross section.

After that, as a result of continuing research and development on the vibration processing apparatus, the present applicant has determined that the vibration mode of the casing 1 ″ and the flow state of the object to be processed in the casing 1 ″, as well as these and the processing target. We found that there is a certain relationship between the degree of mixing of things.
Specifically, when the hold-up of the granular material G is large in the cross section of the processing chamber 10 ″, the longitudinal vibration has a higher degree of mixing than the circular vibration, and conversely, when the hold-up is small, the mixing is higher than the longitudinal vibration. Circular vibration has a higher degree of mixing.
From this, when the granular material G is dried by the vibration drier D ″, the flow state changes with the change in the properties of the granular material G due to the progress of the drying. It was predicted that the processing efficiency could be improved by applying a simple vibration to the casing 1 ″.
However, the existing apparatus is designed to give only one of circular vibration and longitudinal vibration in the cross section of the casing 1 ′, 1 ″, and responds to changes in the flow state of the powder and the like. Thus, no configuration has been adopted that can selectively provide vibration in an optimal mode with respect to the cross section of the casings 1 ′ and 1 ″.
In addition, the existing vibration dryers D ′ and D ″ have the outlets 16 ′ and 16 ″ on the side of the inlets 15 ′ and 15 ″ in order to move the powder G to the outlets 16 ′ and 16 ″. The casings 1 'and 1 "are provided in the lowered state, and the granular material G moves downward in the inclination, whereby the inlets 15' and 15" and the outlets 16 'and 16 are provided. It was inevitable that the hold-up state was different from that on the “side”, and the optimal vibration mode was different depending on the location in the longitudinal direction of the casings 1 ′ and 1 ″.
JP 2003-176893 A

  The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and during processing operations, the casing is placed in a horizontal state, and a vertical vibration or a horizontal vibration is generated in the cross section of the casing in accordance with the hold-up state. Vibration can be selectively applied. On the other hand, when discharging, longitudinal vibration can be applied in the cross section of the casing with the casing tilted, which can improve processing efficiency and operate the apparatus. Development of a novel vibration processing apparatus capable of increasing the rate and a method of processing a granular material using this apparatus is a technical subject.

That is, the vibration processing apparatus according to claim 1 is provided with a casing having an internal space as a processing chamber on a base with an elastic body interposed therebetween, and the casing is vibrated by a vibrator unit, thereby in flowing treatment object admitted into the chamber, the device for processing the object to be processed, wherein the vibrator unit are those comprising comprises the unbalanced weight to a rotary shaft of the electric motor, the vibrator unit, the horizontal plane Two bases are provided in parallel with a base that is configured to be rotatable inside, and the bases are fixed to the lower outer periphery of the housing , so that in a plan view, from the inlet port formed in the housing to the outlet port. The angle α between the path and the rotation axis can be adjusted.
According to the present invention, the vibration direction in the longitudinal section and the transverse section of the housing can be changed, and the vibration generated by the two vibrator units in these sections can be an elliptical vibration.

In addition to the above requirements, the vibration processing device according to claim 2 is configured such that the vibrator unit has an angle β between a path extending from an input port formed in the housing to the discharge port and a rotation shaft in a side view. It is characterized by being configured to be adjustable.
According to this invention, the direction of vibration in the longitudinal section and the transverse section of the casing is changed, and the vibration generated by the two vibrator units is an elliptical vibration in the transverse section of the casing, while the casing In the vertical cross section, the vertical vibration can be inclined.

Furthermore, in addition to the above requirements, the vibration processing apparatus according to claim 3 is characterized in that the casing is configured to be capable of adjusting an inclination angle.
According to this invention, during the processing operation, the casing is in a horizontal state, and the vibration to be applied in the cross section of the casing is selected according to the hold-up state, so that the mixed state of the workpieces is improved. On the other hand, at the time of discharge, it is possible to quickly discharge powder particles by giving vertical vibration to the cross section and vertical section of the case with the case tilted, thereby improving the processing efficiency. Can be made.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a processing method of a granular material, wherein the vibration processing apparatus according to the third aspect is used, the vibrator unit is driven in a horizontal state during a processing operation, and the casing is inclined during a discharging operation. The vibrator unit is driven as a state.
According to this invention, during the processing operation, the casing is in a horizontal state, and the vibration to be applied in the cross section of the casing is selected according to the hold-up state, so that the mixed state of the workpieces is improved. On the other hand, at the time of discharge, it is possible to quickly discharge powder particles by giving vertical vibration to the cross section and vertical section of the case with the case tilted, thereby improving the processing efficiency. Can be made.
The above problems can be solved by using the configuration of the invention described in each of the claims as a means.

  According to the present invention, during the processing operation, the casing is placed in a horizontal state, and the vibration applied to the cross section of the casing is selected from longitudinal vibration, circular vibration, and elliptical vibration according to the hold-up state. On the other hand, at the time of discharging, it is possible to give longitudinal vibrations in the transverse section of the casing with the casing tilted, thereby improving the processing efficiency and increasing the operating rate of the apparatus. .

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below based on the illustrated embodiment. However, the present embodiment may be appropriately modified within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Is possible.
In the following description, the configuration of a vibration dryer, which is an example of a vibration processing apparatus, will be described based on the illustrated embodiment, and then a method for processing a granular material will be described together with the operation mode of the apparatus.

  What is indicated by a symbol D in the figure is a vibration dryer, which places a casing 1 having an internal space as a processing chamber 10 on a base B with an elastic body 2 interposed therebetween, and a casing 1 A vibrator unit 5 is attached to a base 3 provided at the bottom of the base plate. The vibration dryer D includes a vacuum aggregating device 6 including a condenser and a vacuum pump and a heat medium circulator 7 as peripheral devices. The inside of the processing chamber 10 is evacuated and heated, and further the vibrator. The casing 5 is vibrated by the unit 5 to dry the powder G that is the object to be processed while flowing. In the case where granulation and coating processes are performed, a nozzle for spraying a binder liquid and a coating liquid is provided at an appropriate position on the housing 1 or the side plate 12. Further, when the mixing process is performed, these peripheral devices are not necessary.

Hereinafter, various members constituting the vibration dryer D will be described in detail.
First, the base B will be described. As an example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the base B is configured by appropriately combining steel materials, and four support pillars C stand on the base B. Established.
The elastic body 2 is a columnar member formed by an elastic member such as a spring or a vibration-proof rubber. In this embodiment, a spring is used.

Next, the case 1 will be described. This is a horizontal cylindrical member having an internal space as a processing chamber 10, and fixed legs 11 are formed on the side periphery of the case 1, and both cylindrical openings are provided. A side plate 12 is provided to be freely opened and closed.
Further, an inner jacket plate 13 is provided inside the casing 1 and the side plate 12, and a heat medium nozzle 14 is attached to the heat medium nozzle 14, and a heat medium circulator 7 such as hot water is connected to the heat medium nozzle 14.

  Further, a charging port 15 is formed in the side peripheral portion of the casing 1, a discharge port 16 is formed in the side plate 12 located on the opposite side, an exhaust port 17 is formed in the approximate center of the casing 1, and The vacuum aggregating apparatus 6 is connected using the exhaust port 170 flexible pipe F or the like. In addition, a measurement port 18 is formed at an appropriate location of the housing 1, and a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and the like are attached to the measurement port 18 and connected to an appropriate control panel (not shown). The discharge port 16 is opened and closed by a lid body 16a. The lid body 16a approaches and separates from the discharge port 16 by operating a handle 16c provided in the duct 16b. Further, a drain port 19 is formed in the lower part of the housing 1.

  In addition, a configuration for inclining the casing 1 so that the discharge port 16 side is lowered is adopted. In this embodiment, as an example, the two support columns C on the discharge port 16 side are expanded and contracted by a cylinder 40. The tilting mechanism 4 was configured as possible.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a T-shaped base 3 is fixed to the lower part of the outer periphery of the housing 1 in a front view, and two vibrator units 5 are fixed to both sides of the base 3. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2A, the vibrator unit 5A is attached to the left side surface of the base 3 in a front view, and the vibrator unit 5B is further attached to the right side surface.

As shown in FIG. 3, the vibrator unit 5 includes an armature in a cylindrical casing 50 to form an electric motor 51, an unbalanced weight 53 with respect to the rotating shaft 52, and the unbalanced weight 53. Is covered with a cover 54, and a pedestal 55 having a bolt hole is fixed to the casing 50.
3 shows a unit of a type in which the rotating shaft 52 protrudes from both sides of the casing 50 and unbalanced weights 53 are attached to both ends of the rotating shaft 52, respectively, but only one unbalanced weight 53 is provided. You may make it employ | adopt a type of unit.

In the vibration dryer D configured as described above, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 4A, the rotating shaft 52 is directed to the transfer path of the workpiece (the path from the inlet 15 to the outlet 16). Thus, the vibrator unit 5A and the vibrator unit 5B are attached to the base 3 so as to be parallel to each other.
By adopting such a configuration, the mode of the vibration force generated by the vibrator unit 5 in this embodiment is changed in the 360 ° direction in the cross section of the housing 1 or only in the vertical direction. On the other hand, in the longitudinal section, the direction is changed only in the vertical direction.
Hereinafter, these vibration modes will be described in detail. Prior to this description, if the rotational direction of the vibrator unit 5 is defined, the clockwise rotation in the front view shown in FIG. The counterclockwise rotation is the reverse rotation.
Moreover, about the transfer direction of the granular material G, the direction which goes to the discharge port 16 side from the injection port 15 side is made into a normal direction, and the opposite, ie, the direction which goes to the injection port 15 side from the discharge port 16 side, is defined as a reverse direction.

The mode of vibration force generated by changing the rotational direction and operation stop state of the vibrator units 5A and 5B changes. First, as shown in FIG. 5A, both vibrator units 5A and 5B are changed. When the rotation speed and the rotation direction are the same, circular vibrations that change the direction by the same amount in all directions of 360 ° within the cross section of the housing 1 are obtained. At this time, the vibration in the longitudinal section of the housing 1 is a longitudinal vibration that changes its direction only in the vertical direction.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, when only one of the vibrator units 5A and 5B is activated, a circular vibration whose direction is changed by the same amount in all directions of 360 ° within the cross section of the housing 1 is obtained. Will be. At this time, the vibration in the longitudinal section of the housing 1 is a longitudinal vibration that changes its direction only in the vertical direction. Of course, the amplitudes of the circular vibration and the longitudinal vibration are smaller than when the vibrator units 5A and 5B are activated in the same direction.
Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 5C and 5D, when the rotational speeds of both the vibrator units 5A and 5B are made the same and the rotational directions are reversed, both in the horizontal cross section and in the vertical cross section of the housing 1. Thus, a longitudinal vibration whose direction is changed only in the vertical direction is obtained.

The vibration dryer D, which is an example of the vibration processing apparatus of the present invention, is configured as described above as an example. Hereinafter, the processing of the granular material of the present invention together with the operation mode of the vibration dryer D will be described. A method will be described.
(1) Setting of apparatus Prior to the operation of the vibration drier D, both openings of the housing 1 are closed by the side plate 12, and the discharge port 16 is closed by the lid 16a. Further, the number of rotations of the vibrator unit 5 is determined in accordance with the shape, particle size, weight, etc., of the granular material G that is the object to be processed, and the vibration period and amplitude are set. In this embodiment, as an example, the rotation speed is 1800 rpm.
Further, the pressure in the processing chamber 10 is set by the vacuum aggregating device 6, and the temperature and flow rate of the heat medium circulated by the heat medium circulator 7 are set.
Further, the tilt mechanism 4 is caused to function so that the casing 1 is tilted with the discharge port 16 side lowered (tilt angle of 1 to 2 °).

(2) Feeding powder (dispersion operation)
Then, the vacuum agglomeration device 6 is activated to bring the inside of the processing chamber 10 into a vacuum state, the heat medium circulator 7 is activated to start circulation supply of the heat medium, and the vibrator unit 5 is activated to activate the casing 1. Vibrate.
Here, as shown in FIG. 5 (c) or (d), the vibrator units 5A and 5B are rotated in the reverse direction, and the powder G introduced from the inlet 15 is promptly processed while hopping. The inside of the chamber 10 travels in the positive direction and is distributed over a wide area in the longitudinal direction. Of course, depending on the properties of the granular material G, as shown in FIG. 5A, the vibrator units 5A and 5B may be rotated in the same direction and dispersed while being held up.

(3) Drying operation Next, the tilting mechanism 4 is made to function, the casing 1 is set to the horizontal tilted state, and the vibrator unit 5 is started. According to the present invention, depending on the properties of the granular material G, FIG. An appropriate one can be selected from the various vibration modes shown.
At this time, since the housing 1 is in a horizontal state, the powder G is in a substantially similar hold-up state throughout the entire region, and the optimal vibration mode is the same over the entire longitudinal direction of the housing 1 and is good. Can be efficiently dried in a fluid state.
Further, as the drying progresses, the optimum vibration mode also changes. According to the present invention, the longitudinal vibration or the circular vibration is selected as shown in FIG. Therefore, vibration suitable for the flow state of the granular material G in the processing chamber 10 can be constantly applied to the housing 1.

(4) Discharge operation When the moisture content of the granular material G eventually becomes a desired value by a temperature sensor or the like, or when a preset processing time has elapsed, the tilt mechanism 4 And the housing 1 is in an inclined state in which the outlet 16 side descends (inclination angle of 5 to 10 °), and the outlet 16 is opened. As shown in FIG. 5 (c) or (d), the vibrator units 5A and 5B are rotated in the reverse direction, and the powder G rapidly advances in the processing chamber 10 in the forward direction while hopping. Then, it is discharged to the outside through the discharge outlet 16.

[Other Examples]
Although the present invention is based on the above-described embodiment, the following embodiment can be adopted based on the technical idea of the present invention.

First, as shown in FIG. 4B, the base 3 is configured to be rotatable in a horizontal plane with respect to the casing 1, whereby the inlet 15 formed in the casing 1 to the outlet 16 in the plan view. The angle α between the route to the rotation axis 52 and the rotation shaft 52 can be set as appropriate.
When such an installation mode of the vibrator unit 5 is adopted, as shown in FIG. 6, the vibration direction in the longitudinal section and the transverse section of the housing 1 is changed and is generated by the two vibrator units 5A and 5B. The vibration can be elliptical vibration.
For this reason, the variation of the vibration which can be provided to the housing | casing 1 can be increased, and a more efficient process can be performed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the vibrator unit 5 is configured to be rotatable in a vertical plane with respect to the base 3, so that a path from the insertion port 15 formed in the housing 1 to the discharge port 16 in a side view. And the angle β between the rotary shaft 52 and the rotary shaft 52 can be adjusted.
When such an installation mode of the vibrator unit 5 is adopted, the longitudinal vibration in the oblique direction is applied to the inside of the longitudinal section of the housing 1, while the elliptical vibration is applied to the inside of the transverse section. be able to.
For this reason, the variation of the vibration which can be provided to the housing | casing 1 can be increased, and a more efficient process can be performed.

  Further, by adopting a configuration in which both the angles α and β can be changed, more vibration modes can be realized.

It is a side view which shows the vibration processing apparatus of this invention. It is a front view and back view same as the above. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows a vibrator unit. It is a top view which shows a vibration processing apparatus. It is the front view and side view for demonstrating the mode of the vibration force produced by a vibrator unit. It is the front view and side view which show the vibration drier described in the other Example. It is the front view and side view which show the vibration drier described in the other Example. It is the top view, back view, and side view which show the conventional vibration fluid dryer. It is the top view, back view, and side view which show the vibration fluid dryer described in patent document 1. FIG.

D Vibration dryer 1 Case 10 Processing chamber 11 Fixed leg 12 Side plate 13 Jacket inner plate 14 Heat medium nozzle 15 Input port 16 Discharge port 16a Lid 16b Duct 16c Handle 17 Exhaust port 18 Measurement port 19 Drain port 2 Elastic body 3 Base DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 4 Inclination mechanism 40 Cylinder 5 Vibrator unit 5A Vibrator unit 5B Vibrator unit 50 Casing 51 Electric motor 52 Rotating shaft 53 Unbalance weight 54 Cover 55 Base 6 Vacuum aggregation apparatus 7 Heat medium circulator B Base C Support pillar F Flexible pipe G Powder particle body

Claims (4)

A casing having an internal space as a processing chamber is provided on the base with an elastic body interposed therebetween, and this casing is vibrated by a vibrator unit, thereby flowing the object to be processed put into the processing chamber. However, in the apparatus for processing an object to be processed, the vibrator unit includes an unbalanced weight on the rotating shaft of the electric motor, and the vibrator unit is configured to be configured to be rotatable in a horizontal plane. By providing two bases in parallel to each other and fixing this base to the lower part of the outer periphery of the casing, the angle between the path from the inlet to the outlet formed in the casing and the rotation axis in plan view A vibration processing apparatus characterized in that α can be adjusted. The vibrator unit is configured to be capable of adjusting an angle β between a rotation axis and a path from an input port to a discharge port formed in the housing in a side view. 1 Symbol placement of vibration processing equipment. The housing vibration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein characterized in that adjustably constructed inclination angle. The vibration processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the vibrator unit is driven with the casing in a horizontal state during a processing operation, and the vibrator unit is driven with the casing tilted during a discharging operation. How to treat the body.