RU2276314C1 - Device for removal of moisture in vacuum - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: equipment of food industry, in particular, equipment for concentration of liquid and production of dry food products by evaporation of them and drying in vacuum, may be used in the conditions of small factories, farmings that have no steam supply.

SUBSTANCE: the device for removal of moisture in vacuum has an evaporator chamber with a water jacket, electric heater and a temperature controller, condenser, condensate collector and a pump, the evaporator chamber is installed in a cell made for turning about the horizontal axis and rotation about the axis of symmetry and equipped with a drive of oscillatory motion at an angle of 180 deg. about the axis of symmetry, and provided with working media of inert metal in the form of balls, 20-30 mm in diameter.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of the device due to expansion of the sphere of its use.

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Description

The invention relates to apparatuses of the food industry, and in particular to equipment for concentrating liquid and obtaining dry food products by evaporating and drying them in a vacuum, and can be applied in small enterprises, farms devoid of steam supply.

A device for removing moisture, containing an evaporation chamber, a condenser and a vacuum pump with a valve, hermetically connected to each other by a pipeline [1]. However, this device does not allow to achieve the required quality of the dried product upon receipt of powdered dry substances, which is due to the burning of the dried raw materials to the walls of the evaporator chamber.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a device for concentrating liquid food products by evaporation in vacuum [2]. It includes an evaporator chamber with a water jacket, an electric heater and a temperature controller, a condenser, a condensate collector and a pump,

However, this device is intended for the concentration of liquid food products by evaporation in a vacuum and is not applicable for obtaining dry products.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to increase the efficiency of the device by expanding the scope of its application for drying food in a vacuum.

This is achieved by the fact that in the known device for removing moisture in a vacuum, comprising an evaporator chamber with a water jacket, an electric heater and a temperature controller, a condenser, a condensate collector and a pump, the evaporator chamber is installed in a cell configured to rotate around a horizontal axis and rotate around a symmetry axis and equipped with an oscillatory motion drive at an angle of 180 ° around the axis of symmetry, and equipped with inert metal working bodies in the form of balls with a diameter of 20-30 mm.

The installation of the evaporator chamber in a cell configured to rotate around the horizontal axis and rotate around the axis of symmetry ensures the inclination of the axis of symmetry of the chamber as moisture is removed to a horizontal position and the subsequent oscillatory movement of the chamber around the axis of symmetry, necessary to mix the dried product and eliminate burning of raw materials to the walls of the camera.

An oscillatory motion drive at an angle of 180 ° around the axis of symmetry provides the mechanization of the mixing process of the dried product. The need for oscillatory motion at an angle of 180 ° around the axis of symmetry is due to the fact that the movable chamber of the evaporator is connected by a steam line to a fixed condenser.

The introduction of inert metal working bodies in the form of balls with a diameter of 20-30 mm into the chamber of the evaporator eliminates the sticking and burning of the dried product on the walls of the chamber and, as a result of the oscillatory movement of the chamber and rolling of the working bodies of the dry powder product at the end of the drying process.

The drawing shows a diagram of a device for removing moisture in a vacuum, prepared for use, where 1 is the chamber of the evaporator; 2 - a cell having two axes of rotation; 3 - working fluid; 4 - steam line; 5 - capacitor; 6 - pipeline; 7 - condensate collector; 8 - pump; 9 - valve; 10 - electric heater; 11 - a temperature regulator; 12 - drive oscillatory motion; 13 - handle.

The device operates as follows.

The chamber of the evaporator 1 is placed in cell 2, the working fluid 3 and the material to be dried are loaded into it and connected by a steam line 4 to a condenser 5. The condenser is connected by a pipe 6 to a condensate collector 7. A vacuum pump 8 is connected through a valve 9 to a condensate collector and a vacuum is created in the system ~ 0.1-10 Pa.

An electric heater 10 increases the temperature in the evaporator chamber, which is maintained at a level of 30-50 ° C using a thermostat 11. Coolant is passed through a condenser. As the moisture is removed, the axis of the evaporator is tilted using the handle 13 to a horizontal position, then the evaporator is oscillated around the axis of symmetry using the drive 12, which rotates the cell half a revolution in different directions. In the steady state, the vacuum pump is turned off after closing the valve.

Tests conducted on animal bile. The 40 L evaporator chamber, condenser and working fluids loaded into the evaporator were made of stainless steel. The vacuum in the system was maintained in the range of ~ 0.1–10 Pa using a fore-vacuum mechanical oil pump. The temperature of the cooling water in the condenser was maintained equal to 10 ° C. The actuator rotated the evaporator chamber 180 ° C with a frequency of 6 vibrations per minute. The rate of removal of evaporated moisture was 3 kg / h; the yield of the dried product was ~ 16%.

This device allows to increase the efficiency of the known device by expanding the scope of its application for drying food in a vacuum.

Information sources

1. Patent RU 2008584, cl. F 26 B 5/04, 1994.

2. Patent RU 2106889, cl. B 01 D 3/10, 1/00, 1995 (prototype).

Claims (1)

A device for removing moisture in a vacuum, comprising an evaporator chamber with a water jacket, an electric heater and a temperature regulator, a condenser, a condensate collector and a pump, characterized in that the evaporator chamber is installed in a cell configured to rotate around a horizontal axis and rotate around a symmetry axis and equipped with a drive vibrational motion at an angle of 180 ° around the axis of symmetry, and is equipped with inert metal working bodies in the form of balls with a diameter of 20-30 mm.