JP2001201321A - Vehicle compartment deformation measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vehicle compartment deformation measuring method capable of facilitating initialization, dispensing with re-setting, making timely and efficient measurement, and having a high degree of freedom for measurement. SOLUTION: In this vehicle compartment deformation measuring method, a laser displacement meter is supported on a fixed point outside a vehicle compartment, the temperature and position of a displacement measuring point of the vehicle compartment at the initialization of the laser displacement meter are taken as the initialization temperature and initialization position, the temperature of the displacement measuring point of the vehicle compartment is measured, according to the obtained temperature, a deformation amount due to thermal expansion of the displacement measuring point relative to the initialization temperature is calculated, a displacement amount to the initialization position of the displacement measuring point is obtained by the laser displacement meter, and the measured displacement amount is calibrated by the deformation amount due to the thermal expansion of the previously calculated displacement measuring point to be taken as the vehicle compartment deformation amount of the displacement measuring point.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for measuring deformation of a turbine casing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The clearance between the casing of a turbine such as a steam turbine or a gas turbine and a rotating portion such as an internal rotor must avoid contact with a turbine blade tip of the rotor. On the other hand, the clearance is minimized to improve efficiency. Therefore, it is set strictly, and has a predetermined clearance with a relatively uniform temperature distribution in the vehicle compartment in a steady operation state or the like.

That is, when the temperature is relatively uniform, deformation due to thermal expansion occurs, but the deformation itself occurs uniformly including the rotating portion inside the vehicle interior. It does not become the deformation component that causes the above problem.

However, in the process of stopping the turbine, etc., a deviation occurs in the temperature distribution in the casing, and a deviation occurs in the deformation due to thermal expansion. It is unavoidable to do.

[0005] On the other hand, the rotating portion inside the vehicle compartment still maintains a constant rotation, so that it is in a relatively uniform temperature state, and there is no deformation or eccentricity as in the vehicle compartment. Therefore, there is no clearance between the vehicle compartment and the rotating portion. And it becomes necessary to monitor whether the deformation of the cabin is within the allowable range for clearance. In particular, it is an element that has large bending deformation in the vertical direction along the axial direction of the vehicle compartment due to the temperature deviation in the vertical direction of the vehicle compartment, and this measurement is important.

[0006] When the clearance is approaching a dangerous state over a certain level, the rotation of the rotating portion inside the vehicle compartment is maintained or increased so that the temperature inside the vehicle compartment is made more uniform.

Conventionally, when measuring the axial bending deformation of a vehicle cabin, as shown in FIG. 2A, a compressor cabin 1a, a combustor cabin 1b, and an exhaust cabin which constitute the cabin 1. Room 1c
The measuring instrument 2 is attached to each, and each compartment 1a, 1b,
The vertical displacement d of the vehicle compartment 1 is measured by measuring the vertical displacement d of the vehicle compartment 1c.

As shown in FIG. 2 (b), a conventional measuring instrument 2 has a float 4 floated on a container 3 filled with water, and the float 4 is connected to a water tank 6 by a communication pipe 5. When a plurality of measuring instruments 2 are previously mounted at the same level position in the vehicle compartment 1 and the vehicle compartment is bent (warped) up and down in the axial direction, the water in the container 3 of each measuring instrument 2 is The relative vertical displacement of each measurement position is measured based on the amount of vertical movement of the float 4, and the bending (warpage) of the cabin 1 is measured based on the relative displacement.

FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the measuring instrument 2 shown in FIG. 2. The float 3 is provided inside the container 3.
A communication hole 3 a below the container 3 is connected to the communication pipe 5 to connect the water tank 6.
And water is being introduced. The upper lid of the container 3 is provided with a non-contact type displacement meter 7 and a vent (not shown). The non-contact type displacement meter 7 detects a distance (gap amount) from the float 4 due to a change in water level. The air inside the container 3 is taken in and out, and the atmospheric pressure on the water surface is maintained.

The non-contact displacement meter 7 is usually called a gap sensor, but an eddy current meter is used. The float 4 has a conductor at least at the top, for example, is made of aluminum and the eddy current meter can detect the distance (gap amount g) from the float 4.

[0011]

However, the conventional method for measuring the deformation of the casing 1 of the turbine using the measuring instrument 2 has the following problems.

That is, the non-contact displacement meter 7 using the eddy current meter has a narrow measurement range (gap amount g is about 4 mm or less), and when a plurality of measuring instruments 2 are attached to each measurement position,
Each measuring instrument 2 must be at the same level position, and the position of the float 4 of each measuring instrument 2 must be within the measurement range of the non-contact displacement meter 7, and the initial adjustment of the height of the container 3, such as fine adjustment. It is difficult to make the setting, and the work efficiency of the vehicle interior deformation measurement may be significantly impaired.

Further, even after the initial setting, the water level in the measuring instrument 2 may move out of the measuring range due to evaporation or the like due to the temperature environment, and it may be necessary to re-fine-tune the measuring instrument 2 or re-initialize. In addition, there was a possibility that timely measurement of the vehicle interior deformation could not be performed. This point has a serious problem particularly when applied to a gas turbine having a high temperature environment.

Since the measurement is performed based on the water level, the method is limited to the measurement of the displacement in the vertical direction, and the deformation direction of the cabin to be measured is naturally limited.

The present invention solves the problems of the conventional method, and provides a method for measuring the deformation of a vehicle compartment that allows easy initial setting of a measuring instrument, enables timely and efficient measurement, and has a high degree of freedom in measurement. That is the task.

[0016]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a means, a laser displacement meter is supported at a fixed point other than a vehicle compartment, and the laser displacement meter is provided. The temperature and position of the displacement measurement point of the cabin at the time of initial setting of the instrument as the initial setting temperature and initial setting position,
Measure the temperature of the displacement measurement point of the cabin, calculate the amount of deformation due to thermal expansion of the displacement measurement point with respect to the initial setting temperature based on the obtained temperature, and initialize the displacement measurement point with the laser displacement meter The displacement amount with respect to the time position is obtained, and the measured displacement amount is calibrated with the deformation amount due to the thermal expansion of the previously calculated displacement measurement point, and the calibrated deformation amount at the same displacement measurement point is obtained. An object of the present invention is to provide a method of measuring a vehicle compartment deformation.

According to the above means, since the laser displacement meter is used for measuring the displacement of the cabin, the measuring position and the measuring direction can be compared with the conventional cabin deformation measuring method having many restrictions on the measuring position and the measuring direction. There are no restrictions.

In addition, the initial setting may be made in a predetermined state at the start of measurement, and the laser displacement meter has a large measurement range.
There is no need to perform initial settings again as the measurement progresses.
Measurement work efficiency is improved, and timely measurement can be performed at any time.

The displacement of the passenger compartment is measured from a fixed point outside the passenger compartment, and the amount of deformation due to thermal expansion at each displacement measuring point is subtracted from the displacement of the passenger compartment at each displacement measuring point for calibration. It is possible to measure the amount of deformation which is a problem in which the deviation of deformation is accumulated.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS With reference to FIG. 1, a description will be given of a method for measuring the deformation of a passenger compartment according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing one aspect of a cross section of a turbine cabin for performing a cabin deformation measurement according to the present embodiment.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a turbine cabin, and 1 'denotes a cabin 1.
It is a flange part which connects the upper part and the lower part of the. 10 is
This is a laser displacement meter provided to face the outer surface of the passenger compartment 1 so as to surround the cross section of the passenger compartment 1, and is fixedly attached to and supported by a fixed base (not shown) other than the passenger compartment 1.

The laser displacement meter 10 itself is a known measuring device that irradiates a laser from a light emitting unit, receives reflected light of the irradiated laser at a light receiving unit, and calculates a distance from the reflected portion. .

FIG. 1 shows a configuration in which eight laser displacement gauges 10 are provided per one transverse section perpendicular to the turbine axis direction.
A thermocouple 11 is attached to each of the displacement measurement points to measure the temperature of the cabin 10 at each displacement measurement point.

In the above-described embodiment, the method for measuring the displacement of the passenger compartment according to the present embodiment is performed as follows.

(1) Before measuring the displacement of the cabin, the initial setting of each displacement measurement point is carried out based on the measured temperature of the thermocouple 11 and the detected displacement value of the laser displacement meter 10 in the initial setting of each laser displacement meter 10. The temperature at setting and the position at initial setting.

(2) The temperature of the cabin at the displacement measuring point of each laser displacement meter 10 is measured by the thermocouple 11, and the temperature distribution of the cabin 1 is obtained.

(3) The amount of deformation due to thermal expansion with respect to the temperature at the time of initial setting of each displacement measurement point is calculated based on the obtained temperature distribution, and stored in a storage arithmetic unit (not shown).

(4) The amount of displacement of each displacement measurement point with respect to the initial setting position is obtained by the laser displacement meter 10.

(5) The measured displacement amount is calibrated with the previously calculated and stored deformation amount of each displacement measurement point due to thermal expansion (subtracting the deformation amount of each displacement measurement point due to thermal expansion), This is defined as the actual deformation amount of each displacement measurement point with respect to the initial setting position.

As a result, it is possible to obtain a bending or warping deformation amount in which the deviation of the deformation is accumulated by subtracting the deformation amount of only the thermal expansion which does not cause a problem at each displacement measuring point.

In the case where the number of displacement measurement points is small or the measurement is temporary, the storage arithmetic device may be replaced with an appropriate means (including a manual) for an appropriate level of storage arithmetic. .

FIG. 1 shows a measurement mode of one cross section perpendicular to the turbine axis at one point in the turbine axis direction. As shown in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. The measurement may be similarly performed on each of a plurality of cross sections of the compressor section casing 1a, the combustor section casing 1b, and the exhaust section casing 1c which constitute the casing 1.

FIG. 1 shows a case in which a laser displacement meter 10 is provided so that measurements can be made at eight locations (eight directions) in one cross section measurement. Conversely, a displacement measurement point and a measurement direction in one cross section are required. The number may be increased or limited, for example,
When only the deformation in the vertical direction needs to be measured, only the laser displacement meter 10 that performs the measurement in the vertical direction may be used.

Further, referring to FIG.
Are arranged radially so as to irradiate the laser directly onto the outer surface of the passenger compartment 1, but if a detection plate having a surface in an appropriate direction is attached to the outer surface of the passenger compartment 1, Can be measured, and the measurement may be performed in such a mode.

As described above, according to the cabin deformation measuring method of the present embodiment, since the laser displacement meter 10 is used for measuring the displacement of the cabin, there are many restrictions on the measurement position and the measurement direction. There is no restriction on the measurement position and the measurement direction as compared with the conventional vehicle interior deformation measurement method described in 3.

Further, it is only necessary to initialize the laser displacement meter 10 in a predetermined state at the start of the measurement and to set the zero point of the laser displacement meter 10 as a reference position. The measurement range of the laser displacement meter 10 is far more than that of the eddy current meter. Since it is large, it is not necessary to perform the initial setting again according to the progress of the measurement, the man-hour for the adjustment can be reduced, the work efficiency of the measurement is improved, and timely measurement can be performed at any time.

Then, the displacement of the passenger compartment 1 is measured from a fixed point outside the passenger compartment 1, and the deformation due to thermal expansion from the temperature at the initial setting at each displacement measuring point is obtained from the displacement amount of the passenger compartment 1 at each displacement measuring point. Since the calibration is performed by subtracting the amount, the deformation amount of the bending or warpage of the cabin, which is a problem in which the deviation of the deformation is accumulated, can be measured, an accurate measurement result is obtained, and the reliability of the measurement result is improved.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes may be made to the specific configuration within the scope of the present invention. Of course.

The method of the present invention can be similarly applied to a steam turbine and a gas turbine.

[0040]

According to the present invention, a method of measuring the deformation of a passenger compartment is provided.
The laser displacement meter is supported at a fixed point other than the cabin, and the temperature and position of the displacement measurement point of the cabin at the time of initial setting of the laser displacement meter are set as the initial setting temperature and the initial setting position, The temperature of the displacement measurement point is measured, the amount of deformation due to thermal expansion of the displacement measurement point with respect to the initial setting temperature is calculated based on the obtained temperature, and the laser displacement meter is used to calculate the displacement measurement point with respect to the initial setting position. The displacement amount is obtained, and the measured displacement amount is calibrated with the deformation amount due to the thermal expansion of the previously calculated displacement measurement point, which is configured as the vehicle compartment deformation amount of the same displacement measurement point. There is no restriction on the measurement direction. In addition, after initial setting in a predetermined state at the start of measurement, there is no need to perform initial setting again, so that the number of adjustment steps can be reduced, measurement work efficiency can be improved, and timely measurement can be performed at any time. Becomes And, since the amount of deformation due to thermal expansion is subtracted from the amount of displacement of the cabin at each displacement measurement point and calibration is performed, the amount of deformation of the cabin bending and warping, which is an integrated problem of deformation deviation, can be measured, Accurate measurement results are obtained, and the reliability of the measurement results is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a vehicle interior deformation measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram schematically illustrating a cross-sectional aspect of a turbine interior of a turbine for performing vehicle interior deformation measurement.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a conventional cabin deformation measuring method, and FIG.
Is a side view of the turbine cabin showing the arrangement of measuring instruments,
(B) is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional measuring instrument.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a conventional measuring instrument.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cabin 1a Compressor compartment 1b Combustor compartment 1c Exhaust compartment 1 'Flange 10 Laser displacement meter 11 Thermocouple

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kazuharu Hirokawa 2-1-1 Shinhama, Arai-machi, Takasago-shi, Hyogo F-term in Takasago Works, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (Reference) 2F065 AA06 AA65 BB05 CC00 DD06 EE02 FF11 GG04 JJ05 QQ23 QQ25

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A laser displacement meter is supported at a fixed point other than the vehicle compartment, and the temperature and position of the displacement measurement point of the vehicle compartment at the time of initial setting of the laser displacement meter are set at the initial setting temperature and the initial setting position. As a measurement of the temperature of the displacement measurement point of the vehicle compartment, the amount of deformation due to thermal expansion of the displacement measurement point with respect to the temperature at the time of the initial setting is calculated based on the obtained temperature, and the laser displacement meter measures the displacement of the displacement measurement point. The displacement amount with respect to the position at the time of the initial setting is obtained, and the measured displacement amount is calibrated with the deformation amount due to the thermal expansion of the previously calculated displacement measurement point, and the cabin deformation amount at the same displacement measurement point is obtained. And the cabin deformation measurement method.