JP2001198484A - Single shaft crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a single shaft crusher capable of preventing the damage to a crushing blade due to an object unsuited for crushing at a time of crushing and capable of dispensing with unsuited object removing work. SOLUTION: A first discharge part 13 for discharging crushed waste is formed under a rotary rotor 6 and a second discharge port 15 is formed under a fixed blade 7 and the fixed blade 7 is constituted so as to be freely swung up and down between a closing position S opposed to the rotary rotor 6 to close the second discharge part 15 and an open position separated downward from the rotary rotor 6 to open the second discharge part 15. A current detector 26 for detecting the load current of the motor 8 for rotating the rotary rotor 6 is provided, and when the detection value of the current detector 26 exceeds a predetermined value when an unsuited object 2a is bitten in the gaps between rotary blades 5 and fixed blade 7, the motor 8 is stopped and the fixed blade 7 is revolved from the closing position S to an open position to open the second discharge part 15.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a single-shaft crusher for crushing household waste and industrial waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this kind of single-shaft crusher, there is one disclosed in, for example, JP-A-9-57138. The single-shaft crusher has a plurality of rotary blades provided on a rotary rotor, a fixed blade facing the rotary blade, a motor for rotating the rotary rotor, a supply hopper, and a pusher. The waste input from the hopper is pressed against the rotating rotor by the pusher. On this occasion,
The rotating blade rotates together with the rotating rotor, and the waste is caught between the rotating blade and the fixed blade, finely crushed by shear crushing, and then discharged below the rotating rotor.

[0003]

However, unsuitable materials that are not suitable for shear crushing as described above (for example,
Refrigerators, washing machines, motors built into air conditioners, etc.) are mixed together, and the above unsuitable objects are manually removed in advance. When it is thrown into the crusher and bites between the rotating blade and the fixed blade, if the rotating rotor is forced to rotate,
There is a problem that the rotary blade and the fixed blade are damaged. In addition, if the rotation of the rotary rotor is stopped due to an unsuitable object that has caught between the rotating blade and the fixed blade, there is a problem that the removal operation for removing the unsuitable object requires manual labor and labor, and the safety during the removal operation. There is a problem in securing sex.

[0004] The present invention provides a single-shaft crusher capable of preventing damage to a crushing blade due to an unsuitable material that is not suitable for crushing at the time of crushing and further eliminating the work of removing the unsuitable material. The purpose is to:

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first aspect of the present invention provides a rotating rotor having one crushing blade, the other crushing blade facing the rotating rotor, and the rotating rotor. It has a rotation drive device for rotating, and a pressing device, and presses the waste toward the rotating rotor side by the pressing device, so that the waste is placed between one rotating crushing blade and the other fixed crushing blade. A single-shaft crusher for crushing by biting, wherein a first discharge portion for discharging crushed waste is formed below the rotating rotor, and a second discharge portion is formed below the other crushing blade. Is formed, and the other crushing blade is configured to be movable between a closed position facing the rotary rotor and closing the second discharge portion and an open position separated from the rotary rotor and opening the second discharge portion, One of the above wastes that is not suitable for crushing And the other crushing blade is stopped, the rotary drive device and the pressing device are stopped, and the other crushing blade is moved from the closed position to the open position to open the second discharge portion. It is.

According to this, the waste pressed by the pressing device toward the rotating rotor is caught and crushed between one crushing blade rotating with the rotating rotor and the other fixed crushing blade, and is crushed. After that, it is discharged to the first discharge unit.
At this time, if the waste does not contain any unsuitable material, the other crushing blade faces the rotating rotor in the closed position, the second discharge portion remains closed, and crushing continues continuously. Will be

In the case where the waste contains an unsuitable material, if the unsuitable material is caught between one crushing blade and the other crushing blade, the rotation driving device and the pressing device are stopped, and The other crushing blade moves from the closed position to the open position.
As a result, the other crushing blade is separated from the rotating rotor and retracted, and the second discharge portion is opened, so that the improper object that has been caught is disengaged from between the one crushing blade and the other crushing blade. 2 to the discharge section.

Further, the second invention is provided with a load detecting means for detecting a load of the rotary driving device, and a control unit, wherein an unsuitable material contained in the waste and not suitable for crushing is disposed on one of the crushing blades and the other. When the detection value of the load detecting means exceeds a predetermined value by being engaged between the crushing blade and the crushing blade, the control unit stops the rotation driving device and the pressing device and moves the other crushing blade from the closed position. The second discharge unit is opened by moving to the open position.

According to this, when no unsuitable material is contained in the waste, the load of the rotary drive device detected by the load detecting means becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value, and the other crushing blade rotates at the closed position. Facing the rotor, the second discharge remains closed and crushing continues continuously.

[0010] Further, in the case where the waste contains an unsuitable material, if the unsuitable material is caught between one crushing blade and the other crushing blade, the resistance at the time of rotation of the rotating rotor increases,
Since the load on the rotary drive rotating the rotary rotor increases, the load on the rotary drive detected by the load detecting means exceeds a predetermined value. Based on this detection, the control unit stops the rotary drive device and the pressing device, and moves the other crushing blade from the closed position to the open position. As a result, the other crushing blade is separated from the rotating rotor and retracted, and the second discharge portion is opened, so that the improper object that has been caught is disengaged from between the one crushing blade and the other crushing blade. 2 automatically discharged to the discharge section.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a motor is used as the rotary drive device, and a current detector for detecting a load current of the motor is used as the load detecting means.

According to this, when no unsuitable material is contained in the waste, the load current of the motor detected by the current detector becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value. , The second discharge section remains closed and crushing continues continuously.

[0013] In addition, in the case where the waste contains an unsuitable material, if the unsuitable material is caught between one crushing blade and the other crushing blade, the resistance of the rotating rotor during rotation increases. Since the load current of the motor increases, the load current detected by the current detector exceeds a predetermined value. Based on this detection,
The control unit stops the motor and the pressing device and moves the other crushing blade from the closed position to the open position.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the other crushing blade is moved to a closed position and an open position by an opening / closing drive.
The opening / closing drive device is controlled by a control unit.

According to this, when the waste contains an unsuitable material, if the unsuitable material is caught between one crushing blade and the other crushing blade, the rotational drive detected by the load detecting means is detected. The load on the device exceeds a predetermined value. Based on this detection, the control unit stops the rotary drive device and the pressing device and controls the open / close drive device to move the other crushing blade from the closed position to the open position. As a result, the other crushing blade is separated from the rotating rotor and retracted, and the second discharge portion is opened, so that the improper object that has been caught is disengaged from between the one crushing blade and the other crushing blade. 2 automatically discharged to the discharge section.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. Reference numeral 1 denotes a single-shaft crusher for crushing waste 2 such as oversized garbage, household electrical waste, paper, and wood discharged from households. A supply hopper 4 is provided on an upper part of the main body frame 3 of the single-shaft crusher 1.

A rotary rotor 6 having a rotary blade 5 (an example of one crushing blade) and a fixed blade 7 facing the rotary rotor 6 (an example of the other crushing blade) are provided in the main body frame 3.
And a motor 8 for rotating the rotary rotor 6 (an example of a rotary driving device) and a pusher 9 for pressing the waste 2 toward the rotary rotor 6 (an example of a pressing device).

As shown in FIG. 2, a lower end of the supply hopper 4 and a base plate 10 provided in the main body frame 3 are provided.
A crushing chamber 30 is formed between the upper and lower sides of the crushing chamber. The pusher 9 is provided so as to be reciprocally movable in the front-rear direction on the base plate 10, and is configured to be moved by the moving cylinder device 11. The pusher 9 is moved by the extension of the piston rod 11 a of the moving cylinder device 11.
It moves to the pressing position A (see the solid line in FIG. 4) which approaches the rotating rotor 6 and presses the waste 2 against the rotating rotor 6, and the shortening of the piston rod 11a causes the rotating rotor 6 to move.
To the retreat position B (see the phantom line in FIG. 4), which retreats from the position.

The rotating shaft 19 of the rotating rotor 6 is disposed along a transverse direction orthogonal to the moving path 20 of the pusher 9, and the rotating shaft 19 is linked to the motor 8. A plurality of the rotary blades 5 are mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary rotor 6.

Below the rotary rotor 6, there is formed a first discharge portion 13 for discharging the waste 2 crushed by the rotary blade 5 and the fixed blade 7 downward. A transport device 14 for transporting the crushed waste 2 in the lateral direction is provided below the first discharge unit 13.

A second discharge portion 15 is formed below the fixed blade 7, and the first discharge portion 13 and the second discharge portion 15 are separated by an inclined plate 16. Second
Is separated from the crushing chamber 30 by the base plate 10. A discharge chute 17 is formed in the second discharge section 15. An opening 21 that opens from the crushing chamber 30 to the second discharge unit 15 is formed at the pressing position A of the pusher 9.

The end of the base plate 10 facing the opening 21 has a horizontal shaft 2 provided in the same direction as the rotation shaft 19.
2, the mounting member 18 is provided to be vertically rotatable. The fixed blade 7 is mounted on the upper surface of the mounting member 18. The rotation of the mounting member 18 is
The opening / closing operation is performed by an opening / closing cylinder device 23 (an example of an opening / closing drive device) provided inside the second discharge portion 15, and FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the extension of the piston rod 23a of the opening / closing cylinder device 23 causes the mounting member 18 to move the horizontal shaft 22
, So that the fixed blade 7 faces the rotating rotor 6 and closes the opening 21 so as to close the opening position S.
To move (turn). Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the shortening of the piston rod 23a causes the mounting member 18 to rotate downward about the horizontal shaft 22, whereby the fixed blade 7 is separated downward from the rotary rotor 6 and Opening 21
Is moved (rotated) to the open position O to open.

As shown in FIG. 1, a current detector 26 (an example of a load detecting means) for detecting a load current of the motor 8 is connected to the motor 8. The motor 8, the moving cylinder device 11, and the opening / closing cylinder device 23
Is controlled by the control unit 27, and this control is performed based on the detection value of the current detector 26.

The crushing of the waste 2 is performed by the uniaxial crusher 1 as follows. That is, when the waste 2 is supplied from the supply hopper 4, the pusher 9 moves from the retreat position B to the pressing position A by the operation of the moving cylinder device 11. As a result, the waste 2 is pressed toward the rotating rotor 6 rotating by the motor 8, is bitten between the rotating blade 5 and the fixed blade 7, and is finely crushed by shear crushing. It is discharged to the discharge unit 13.

At this time, the waste 2 includes an unsuitable material 2a that is not suitable for shearing and crushing as described above (for example, a motor built in a refrigerator, a washing machine, or an air conditioner, a large shaft, a microwave oven, etc.). If not, the load current of the motor 8 detected by the current detector 26 is equal to or less than a predetermined value. Therefore, the control unit 27 extends the piston rod 23a of the opening / closing cylinder device 23 as shown in FIG. The fixed blade 7 faces the rotating rotor 6 at the closed position S and closes the opening 21.

As a result, the waste 2 is discharged to the second discharge section 15
The control unit 27 continuously operates the motor 8 and the moving cylinder device 11 to perform continuous crushing.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, when the unsuitable material 2a is contained in the waste 2, when the unsuitable material 2a is caught between the rotary blade 5 and the fixed blade 7, the rotary rotor 6
, The load current of the motor 8 increases and the load current value detected by the current detector 26 exceeds a predetermined value. Based on this detection, the control unit 27 stops the motor 8 and shortens the piston rod 11a of the moving cylinder device 11, and further, as shown in FIG.
To shorten.

As a result, the rotation of the rotary rotor 6 is stopped and the crushing is interrupted, and as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 4, the pusher 9 retreats to the retreat position B and stops, and as shown in FIG. Since the fixed blade 7 moves (rotates) from the closed position S to the open position O, the fixed blade 7 separates downward from the rotary rotor 6 and retreats, and the opening 21 is opened. As a result, the improper object 2a that has been caught is disengaged from between the rotary blade 5 and the fixed blade 7, is automatically discharged from the opening 21 to the second discharge portion 15, and slides down on the discharge chute 17. .

Therefore, it is possible to prevent the rotary blade 5 and the fixed blade 7 from being damaged by the unsuitable object 2a, thereby extending the service life of the rotary blade 5 and the fixed blade 7. Further, since there is no need to remove the unsuitable object 2a bitten between the rotary blade 5 and the fixed blade 7, it is possible to reduce labor and labor and improve safety.

After the unsuitable material 2a is discharged to the second discharge portion 15 as described above, the operator operates a driving switch or the like to operate the piston rod 23a of the opening / closing cylinder device 23. , The fixed blade 7 is moved from the open position O to the closed position S to close the opening 21, and the motor 8 and the moving cylinder device 11 are restarted to resume crushing.

In the above-described embodiment, the current detector 26 is provided as load detection means, and when the load current value detected by the current detector 26 exceeds a predetermined value, based on this detection,
The control unit 27 automatically stops the rotation of the rotary rotor 6, retracts and stops the pusher 9, and further moves the fixed blade 7 to the open position O. Operation is performed by the switch of the motor 8, the moving cylinder device 11, and the opening / closing cylinder device 23.
May be executed by manually operating each of them.

[0032]

As described above, according to the present invention, when waste contains an unsuitable material, if the unsuitable material is caught between one crushing blade and the other crushing blade, The rotary driving device and the pressing device stop, and the other crushing blade moves from the closed position to the open position. As a result, the other crushing blade is separated from the rotating rotor and retracted, and the second discharge portion is opened, so that the improper object that has been caught is disengaged from between the one crushing blade and the other crushing blade. 2 to the discharge section.

Therefore, it is possible to prevent damage to the crushing blade due to unsuitable objects, thereby extending the service life of the crushing blade. In addition, since there is no need to remove an unsuitable object stuck between one crushing blade and the other crushing blade,
It is possible to reduce labor and labor and improve safety.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of a main part of a single-shaft crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state where a fixed blade is at a closed position.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of the single-shaft crusher, showing a state where a fixed blade is at an open position.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of the single-shaft crusher, showing a state where a pusher reaches a pressing position.

FIG. 4 is an overall side view of the single-shaft crusher.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Single-shaft crusher 2 Waste 2a Unsuitable material 5 Rotating blade (one crushing blade) 6 Rotating rotor 7 Fixed blade (the other crushing blade) 8 Motor (rotary driving device) 9 Pusher (pressing device) 13 First discharge part 15 Second discharging unit 23 Opening / closing cylinder device (opening / closing drive device) 26 Current detector (load detecting means) 27 Control unit S closed position O open position

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Katsumi Uchida 1-1-27 Motogo, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama F-term (reference) 4D065 CA16 CB10 CC01 DD04 DD18 DD24 ED06 ED16 ED01 EE15

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A rotary rotor having one crushing blade, another crushing blade facing the rotary rotor, a rotary drive device for rotating the rotary rotor, and a pressing device. Pressing the waste towards the rotating rotor,
A uniaxial crusher that crushes waste by biting waste between one rotating crushing blade and the other fixed crushing blade,
A first discharge portion for discharging crushed waste is formed below the rotary rotor, a second discharge portion is formed below the other crushing blade, and the other crushing blade is The second discharge unit is configured to be movable between a closed position in which the second discharge unit is closed and an open position in which the second discharge unit is opened apart from the rotating rotor. When one of the crushing blades bites between the other crushing blade and the other crushing blade, the rotation driving device and the pressing device stop, and the other crushing blade moves from the closed position to the open position, and the second discharge unit A single-shaft crusher characterized by the fact that is opened. 2. A load detecting means for detecting a load of the rotary driving device, and a control unit, wherein an unsuitable material contained in the waste and not suitable for crushing is disposed between one crushing blade and the other crushing blade. When the detection value of the load detection means exceeds a predetermined value by biting, the control unit stops the rotation drive device and the pressing device and moves the other crushing blade from the closed position to the open position. The single-shaft crusher according to claim 1, wherein the second discharge part is opened. 3. A motor is used as a rotary drive device,
A current detector for detecting a load current of the motor is used as the load detecting means.
The uniaxial crusher as described. 4. The other crushing blade is moved to a closed position and an open position by an opening / closing drive device, and the opening / closing drive device is controlled by a control unit. 3. The uniaxial crusher according to 3.