JP4477719B2 - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention relates to a crushing apparatus capable of crushing various kinds of waste such as coarse trash, household electrical appliance waste, waste plastic, wood and paper.
[0002]
[Background Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
  A so-called uniaxial crushing device provided with a crushing blade and a crushing rotor that is rotatable and a fixed blade arranged along the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor is introduced into the crushing chamber. The shredded material is crushed by the shearing action of the crushing blade and the fixed blade, and the crushed shredded material is discharged to the outside of the crushing chamber from between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor and the fixed blade. .
[0003]
  As such a single-shaft crushing apparatus, for example, those disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 1-56841, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-103678, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-26696, etc. are known. There are similar problems.
[0004]
  This is because the crushing process cannot be continued if a crushing difficult object consisting of a lump such as a tool such as a wrench or wrench, an iron plate, or a motor or compressor enters between the crushing blade and the fixed blade. Is a problem that it is necessary to temporarily stop and take out these difficult-to-crush objects from the crushing chamber. This is not preferable from the viewpoint of safety, and the removal work is complicated, which imposes a great burden on the operator. Moreover, since unmanned operation of the crushing process is hindered, labor saving cannot be achieved.
[0005]
  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is possible to easily take out difficult-to-crush objects that have been inadvertently introduced into the crushing chamber from the outside of the crushing chamber. Providing a crushing device that can reduce the burden on the operator is a first problem, and it is also possible to suitably prevent unmanned operation inhibition of crushing processing due to difficult crushing materials and save labor. It is a second problem to provide a crushing device that can be used.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to solve the above-described problems, a crushing apparatus according to the present invention includes a crushing rotor 10 provided with a crushing blade 13 in a crushing chamber 2 that accommodates an object to be crushed, and an outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10. Between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 and the fixed blade 16, which is crushed by the shearing action of the crushing blade 13 and the fixed blade 16.FromIn the crushing apparatus that discharges to the outside of the crushing chamber 2, when the crushing difficult object P is interposed between the crushing blade 13 and the fixed blade 16, the crushing difficult object P is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 and the fixed blade 16. The fixed blade 16 is configured to be separated from the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 so as to be able to pass therethrough, and the fixed blade 16 is attached to a mounting base 17 that can rotate along the rotation surface of the crushing rotor 10. A perforated screen 23 curved in an arc along the rotation trajectory of the crushing blade 13 is arranged in the rotation direction of the crushing rotor 10 from the fixed blade 16, and the screen 23 is divided into an upstream side and a downstream side. In addition, the upstream screen 23 a is fixed to the mounting base 17.
[0007]
  According to the crushing apparatus having the above-described configuration, in a normal crushing process, an object to be crushed accommodated in the crushing chamber 2 is crushed by the shearing action of the rotating crushing blade 13 and the fixed blade 16 and is crushed. The object to be crushed is discharged to the outside of the crushing chamber 2 from between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 and the fixed blade 16.
[0008]
  When the difficult-to-crush material P is inadvertently introduced into the crushing chamber 2 and this difficult-to-crush material P enters between the crushing blade 13 and the fixed blade 16, the fixed blade 16 is connected to the crushing rotor 10. A difficult-to-crush material can be discharged to the outside of the crushing chamber 2 from between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 that is separated from the outer peripheral surface and expanded and the fixed blade 16.
[0009]
  In the crushing apparatus according to the present invention, the fixed blade 16 is attached to a mounting base 17 that can rotate along the rotation surface of the crushing rotor 10.For this reason, when a difficult-to-crush object is inadvertently introduced into the crushing chamber 2 and this difficult-to-crush object enters between the crushing blade 13 and the fixed blade 16, the mounting base 17 rotates. In this case, the fixed blade 16 is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 and tilted obliquely, so that a difficult-to-crush object passes between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 and the fixed blade 16 and the crushing chamber 2. Automatically discharged outside.
[0010]
  Furthermore, in the crushing apparatus according to the present invention, a porous screen 23 curved in an arc shape along the rotation trajectory of the crushing blade 13 is arranged in the rotation direction of the crushing rotor 10 from the fixed blade 16, and the screen 23 is It is divided into an upstream side and a downstream side, and the upstream screen 23 a is fixed to the mounting base 17.Therefore, among the crushed materials that have passed between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 and the fixed blade 16, those that have been crushed to such an extent that they can pass through the holes of the screen 23 pass through the holes and go outside the crushing chamber 2. While being discharged, the crushed material having a size that cannot pass through the hole is returned to the crushing chamber 2 as the crushing rotor 10 rotates, and then crushed again. When a difficult-to-crush object is inadvertently introduced into the crushing chamber 2 and this difficult-to-crush object enters between the crushing blade 13 and the fixed blade 16, the mounting base 17 rotates, and the fixed blade 16 is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 and tilted obliquely, and only the upstream screen 23 a is separated from the outer periphery of the crushing rotor 10. It is automatically discharged outside the crushing chamber 2 through the space between the blades 16.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0012]
  <This embodiment>
  This embodimentAs shown in FIG. 1 or 2, the crushing apparatus according to the present invention comprises a crushing rotor 2 provided with a plurality of crushing blades 13 in a crushing chamber 2 provided inside a frame 1 made of a box-shaped steel plate. 10, a fixed blade 16 arranged along the axial length direction of the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10, and a pusher 25 as pressing means that can move in the contact / separation direction of the crushing rotor 10.
[0013]
  The crushing chamber 2 is composed of two side plates 3 and 3 facing each other, two side plates 4 and 4 facing each other across the side plates 3 and 3, and side plates 3 and 4 that form a cylinder in the vertical direction. 3 and the support plate 5 arranged in the vicinity of the lower opening end of the horizontal plates 4 and 4, and a box shape with a large opening at the top is formed. In addition, a hopper (not shown) is provided for feeding a material to be crushed, such as waste plastic, wood, and paper.
[0014]
  The crushing rotor 10 is formed of a cylindrical body having a shaft body 11 at the center, and the shaft bodies 11 protruding from both ends are supported by the side plates 3, respectively, and are configured to be rotatable by driving means such as a motor and an electric motor (not shown). Yes. Moreover, the crushing rotor 10 is arranged at the lower corner position of the crushing chamber 2, and the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 and one end of the support plate 5 arranged substantially horizontally face each other with a predetermined interval. It has become.
[0015]
  Further, on the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10, a large number of circumferential grooves 10 a having a V-shaped cross section are formed adjacent to each other in the axial length direction in parallel, and the crushing rotor 10 is formed in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the crushing rotor 10. Orbiting the outer peripheral surface. Then, a square pole-shaped blade fixing block 12 is welded and fixed to the circumferential groove 10a in a state where the two surfaces are grounded to the slope of the circumferential groove 10a. Furthermore, this blade fixing block 12inA bolt is inserted through a screw hole drilled in the center, whereby the crushing blade 13 is detachably attached.
[0016]
  The crushing blade 13 has a quadrangular prism shape similar to the blade fixing block 12, and is attached in a state where two adjacent side surfaces thereof are in contact with the V-shaped surface of the circumferential groove 10a. Therefore, the crushing blades 13 mounted in the respective circumferential grooves 10 a are shaped so that the other two adjacent side surfaces protrude from the peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10.
[0017]
  Further, one or more crushing blades 13 and a blade fixing block 12 are attached to each circumferential groove 10a, and are disposed with their phases shifted in the circumferential direction between adjacent circumferential grooves 10a. The phase is shifted so that the imaginary line connecting the protruding corners of the blade 13 is spiral.
[0018]
  On the other hand, in a space formed between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 and one end of the support plate 5 located on the side of the crushing rotor 10, a mounting base 17 for attaching the fixed blade 16 is disposed. The mounting base 17 is made of a cylindrical body formed to have substantially the same length as the crushing rotor 10, and shaft bodies 17 a protruding from both ends are supported by the side plates 3, respectively, and can be rotated along the same plane as the crushing rotor 10. It has become.
[0019]
  Further, the mounting base 17 is arranged so that the top portion thereof is substantially flush with the upper surface of the support plate 5, and the top portion is cut out in an L shape along the axial length direction for the fixed blade 16. A seating part is formed. The fixed blade 16 is detachably fixed using bolts or the like in a state where the back surface and the lower surface thereof are constrained by two orthogonal surfaces where the mounting base 17 is cut out. The top of 17 and the upper surface of the fixed blade 16 have a substantially flat surface.Constitutionis doing.
[0020]
  In addition, the fixed blade 16 has a sawtooth shape in which a large number of V-shaped groove blades in the end facing the crushing rotor 10 are continuous in the longitudinal direction, and each groove blade and the circumferential groove 10a of the crushing rotor 10 are These phases are made to coincide with each other so that each crushing blade 13 can pass through a space (a substantially rectangular shape in plan view) formed by the circumferential groove 10a facing the groove between the groove blades.
[0021]
  Further, a long torque arm 18 is attached to an end portion of the shaft body 17a of the mounting base 17, that is, a portion of the shaft body 17a protruding outward from the side plate 3. The torque arm 18 is a band plate extending in a direction orthogonal to the axial length direction of the shaft body 17 a, and the plate surface is arranged in a shape parallel to the side plate 3. A tip end of a rod 19a of a cylinder 19 (moving means for the fixed blade 16) is rotatably supported at a tip end of the torque arm 18, and a base end 19b of the cylinder 19 rotates on the side plate 3.freelyIs pivotally supported.
[0022]
  The cylinder 19 is in a state where the fixed blade 16 is in a horizontal state when the rod 19a is contracted, that is, a state where the upper surface of the fixed blade 16 and the upper surface of the support plate 5 are continuous (steady state). 16 is arranged so as to be inclined downward toward the tip side, that is, in a state where the tip of the fixed blade 16 falls downward from the upper surface of the support plate 5 (unsteady state).
[0023]
  In the steady state, an insertion hole 3 a that is coincident with (concentric with) the hole 18 a formed in the torque arm 18 is formed in the side plate 3. Further, the lock pin 22 of the lock cylinder 21 attached to the torque arm 18 is inserted into the hole 18a. By extending the rod 21a of the lock cylinder 21, the lock pin 22 is inserted into the hole 3a. The In such a state, since the lock pin 22 is inserted in a state straddling the hole 18a and the hole 3a, the rotation of the mounting base 17 is forcibly restricted. As described above, the reason why the mounting base 17 is firmly fixed is to give rigidity capable of withstanding the crushing process.
[0024]
  Further, below the crushing rotor 10, a plate-like screen 23 that is curved in an arc shape over a substantially half circumference of the crushing rotor 10 is provided. The screen 23 is divided into an upstream side and a downstream side, and the upstream end of the upstream screen 23 a is fixed to the mounting base 17, while the downstream end of the downstream screen 23 b is rotatable to the frame 1. Is pivotally supported. The downstream screen 23b is usually fixed in a fashion along the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10, and when the mounting base 17 is in a steady state, the two screens 23a and 23b are continuously connected to the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10. It will be dressed along. When the mounting base 17 rotates from the steady state to the unsteady state, the upstream screen 23 a moves downward so as to be separated from the crushing rotor 10.
[0025]
  In addition, the screen 23 has a plurality of holes, and the size of the object to be crushed can be made constant to some extent by setting the size of the holes of the screen 23 to an appropriate size. That is, the size of the material that has been crushed to the extent that it can pass through the hole is discharged to the outside through the discharge port 7 located below and cannot pass through the hole.BreakThe crushed material is returned to the crushing chamber 2 again along the inner surface of the screen 23 as the crushing rotor 10 rotates.
[0026]
  The pusher 25 includes a box body 26 that reciprocates in the horizontal direction along the support plate 5. The box body 26 is rotatably supported at the tip end of a rod 27a of a cylinder 27 that is rotatably supported by the support plate 5. The box body 26 is moved toward and away from the crushing rotor 10 by expansion and contraction of the rod 27a. Reciprocate. This pusher 25 is interlocked with the driving means of the crushing rotor 10, and during the crushing process, when the load value of the driving means (for example, the current value of the motor) is measured, the crushing load in the crushing rotor 10 increases. Decreases the feed amount of the object to be crushed by the pusher 25. Conversely, when the load on the crushing rotor 10 is reduced, the amount of the object to be crushed to the crushing position by the pusher 25 increases and the crushing rotor 10 By increasing the amount of crushing, efficient crushing work can be continued by automatic operation.
[0027]
  This embodimentThe crushing apparatus which concerns on this consists of the above structures, and demonstrates the crushing aspect of the to-be-crushed object by this crushing apparatus next.
[0028]
  When processing the material to be crushed, the material to be crushed is put on the support plate 5 of the crushing chamber 2 from the hopper. At this time, the pusher 25 is kept away from the crushing rotor 10. From this state, the object to be crushed is pushed by the pusher 25 and sent toward the crushing rotor 10, and is pushed to the crushing position between the crushing rotor 10 and the fixed blade 16 while being pushed against the crushing rotor 10 surface by the pusher 25. The object to be crushed sent to the crushing position is partially sheared and crushed by a shearing action between each crushing blade 13 and the fixed blade 16 attached to the crushing rotor 10 and is in a state where the particle size is adjusted to some extent.
[0029]
  Further, the finely crushed crushed material passes through the hole of the screen 23 and falls downward and is discharged from the discharge port 7, but the crushed material larger than the hole size of the screen 23 is returned to the crushing chamber 2. When it is crushed again and crushed smaller than the hole size of the screen 23, it falls downward.
[0030]
  Next, the discharge | emission aspect of the difficult-to-crush thing by this crushing apparatus is demonstrated based on FIG.
[0031]
  First, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), when the difficult-to-crush object P enters between the crushing blade 13 and the fixed blade 16, an abnormal current (overload) of the driving means (electric motor) of the crushing rotor 10 is obtained. Is repeatedly detected three or more times, it is determined that foreign matter has been mixed in (foreign matter is detected).
[0032]
  When the presence of foreign matter is confirmed, the cylinder 21a of the lock cylinder 21 contracts, the lock pin 22 is removed from the insertion hole 3a of the side plate 3, and then the rod 19a of the cylinder 19 extends. Then, as shown in FIG. 3B, the mounting base 17 is rotated by a predetermined angle in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the crushing rotor 10, and the fixed blade 16 is tilted so as to be separated from the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10. Thus, the crushing difficult object P is discharged to the outside of the crushing chamber 2 from between the expanded outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 and the fixed blade 16.
[0033]
  Even if the fixed blade 16 is merely tilted, the mounting base 17 can be fixed even if the difficult-to-crush object P does not slide between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 expanded by its own weight and the fixed blade 16. Since the crushing rotor 10 is controlled to rotate forward in an instant when the angle is rotated, the crushing difficult object on the fixed blade 16 is hooked on the crushing blade 13 by the rotation of the crushing rotor 10, and outside the crushing chamber 2. It will be forcibly discharged.
[0034]
  As described above, according to the crushing apparatus according to the present embodiment, the fixed blade 16 moves when abnormality is detected, and the passage between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 and the fixed blade 16 is allowed to pass through the difficult-to-crush object. Since it is expanded, a difficult-to-crush object can be easily and automatically discharged to the outside of the crushing chamber 2.
[0035]
  When the discharge of difficult-to-crush objects is finished, the rod 19a of the cylinder 19 contracts, and the mounting base 17 returns to the normal position (steady state). Thereafter, the cylinder 21a of the lock cylinder 21 extends, and the side plate The lock pin 22 is inserted into the 3 insertion holes 3a, and the crushing process can be performed.
[0036]
  <First reference example>
  First reference exampleAlthough the crushing apparatus which concerns on is shown by FIG. 4, description is abbreviate | omitted about the same structure as 1st embodiment.
[0037]
  The mounting base 17 for mounting the fixed blade 16 according to the present embodiment has a substantially trapezoidal shape in a sectional view, and the lower end side of the mounting base 17 extends over the frame 1 (more specifically, a pair of side plates 3 and 3). 17 is rotatably supported by an upper end portion of the partition plate 8 disposed below the upper portion 17.
[0038]
  Further, the support plate 5 of the frame 1 is divided at a position separated from the crushing rotor 10 by a predetermined distance, and the support plate 5a on the crushing rotor 10 side is attached to the mounting base 17 so as to be substantially flush with the fixed blade 16. (Other parts of the support plate 5 are fixed to the frame 1).
[0039]
  The tip of the rod 19a of the cylinder 19 (moving means for the fixed blade 16) is rotatably supported on the back surface of the divided support plate 5a on the crushing rotor 10, and the base end 19b is a partition plate. 8 is rotatably supported by the shaft.
[0040]
  In addition, a second partition plate 8a and a third partition plate 8b parallel to the partition plate 8 are disposed on the frame 1 (a position below the crushing chamber 2) so as to straddle the pair of side plates 3 and 3. ing. When the rod 19a of the cylinder 19 contracts and the support plate 5a on the crushing rotor 10 side tilts obliquely, the second partition plate 8a located on the crushing rotor 10 side and the edge of the support plate 5a While arranged so that the upper end edge of the partition plate 8a is close to the partition plate 8a, it is located in a direction away from the crushing rotor 10 than the second partition plate 8a.FirstThe upper edge of the third partition plate 8 b is fixed to the lower surface of the support plate 5 fixed to the frame 1.
[0041]
  And the 2nd partition plate 8a and the 3rd partition plate 8b are arrange | positioned substantially parallel, The inside becomes the chute | shoot for the passage of a crushing difficult thing. A second discharge port 7a that communicates the inside and outside of the frame 1 is formed at a position below the chute.
[0042]
  Note that the tip of a screw 20 screwed to the mounting base 17 is in contact with the back surface of the fixed blade 16 attached to a seating portion cut out in an L shape along the longitudinal direction of the upper surface of the mounting base 17. The position of the fixed blade 16 in the contact / separation direction of the crushing rotor 10 can be adjusted by moving the screw 20 back and forth. Further, the screen 23 in the present embodiment is not divided, and a plate-like screen 23 curved in an arc shape over a substantially half circumference of the crushing rotor 10 is arranged with one end pivotally supported on the frame 1. Has been.
[0043]
  First reference exampleThe crushing apparatus which concerns on the above consists of the above structures, Next, the discharge aspect of the crushing difficult thing by this crushing apparatus is demonstrated based on FIG.
[0044]
  First, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), when the difficult-to-crush object P enters between the crushing blade 13 and the fixed blade 16, the abnormal current (overload) of the electric motor of the crushing rotor 10 is repeated three times. If it is detected more than once, it is determined that foreign matter is mixed.
[0045]
  When the presence of foreign matter is confirmed, the rod 19a of the cylinder 19 contracts. 5B, the mounting base 17 and the support plate 5a on the crushing rotor 10 side rotate by a predetermined angle in the same direction as the rotation direction of the crushing rotor 10, so that the fixed blade 16 and the crushing rotor 10 side. The support plate 5a is inclined downward as it is separated from the crushing rotor 10, and the crushing difficult object P is discharged to the outside of the crushing chamber 2 by sliding on the fixed blade 16 and the upper surface of the support plate 5a on the crushing rotor 10 side. After that, it is discharged from the second discharge port 7a to the outside of the frame 1 through the chute.
[0046]
  As described above, according to the crushing apparatus according to the present embodiment, the support plate 5a on the crushing rotor 10 side tilts obliquely when an abnormality is detected, and the space between the support plate 5 and the support plate 5a on the crushing rotor 10 side (crushing) Since a part of the chamber 2) is opened to an extent that allows passage of difficult-to-crush objects, the difficult-to-crush objects can be easily and automatically discharged to the outside of the crushing chamber 2.
[0047]
  When the discharge of difficult-to-crush objects is completed, the rod 19a of the cylinder 19 is extended, and the mounting base 17 and the support plate 5a on the crushing rotor 10 side are returned to the normal positions (steady state), and crushing processing can be performed. It becomes a state.
[0048]
  <Second reference example>
  Second reference exampleAlthough the crushing apparatus which concerns on is shown by FIG. 6, description is abbreviate | omitted about the same structure as 1st embodiment.
[0049]
  The mounting base 17 for mounting the fixed blade 16 according to the present embodiment has a substantially trapezoidal shape in cross section, and is arranged below the mounting base 17 with its lower end side straddling the pair of side plates 3 and 3. It is fixed to the upper end of the partition plate 8.
[0050]
  The partition plate 8 is divided into two in the vertical direction. The upper end portion of the first partition plate 8c is fixed to the lower end side of the mounting base 17, and the second partition plate is fixed to the lower end portion of the first partition plate 8c. The upper end of 8d is rotatably supported, and the lower end of the second partition plate 8d is rotatably supported on the frame 1.
[0051]
  The tip of the rod 19a of the cylinder 19 (moving means for the fixed blade 16) is rotatably supported on the back surface of the divided second partition plate 8d, and the base end 19b rotates on the frame 1. It is supported freely.
[0052]
  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the long mounting base 17 straddling the pair of side plates 3, 3 has shaft bodies 17 a, 17 a protruding from both ends in the longitudinal direction. It is inserted into a slit 3b formed in the vertical direction.
[0053]
  In addition, on the outer surface of the side plate 3, in order to hide the slit 3b, a band plate-like contact plate 9 is attached along the slit 3b. Further, the first partition plate 8c, the second partition plate 8d, the second partition plate 8d, and the frame 1 are configured to be rotatable by hinges, respectively, but in a state where the rod 19a of the cylinder 19 is extended. In order to maintain the upright state of the partition plate 8, a contact block 8e is attached to an appropriate position of the first partition plate 8c and the second partition plate 8d.
[0054]
  The mounting base 17 is configured to be separable from the support plate 5 so that the movement of the mounting base 17 can be allowed as the rod 19a of the cylinder 19 expands and contracts.First reference exampleAs described above, the support plate 5 may be partially divided and fixed to the mounting base 17.
[0055]
  Second reference exampleThe crushing apparatus which concerns on this consists of the above structures, Next, the discharge aspect of the crushing difficult object by this crushing apparatus is demonstrated based on FIG.
[0056]
  First, when the crushing difficult object P enters between the crushing blade 13 and the fixed blade 16, and the abnormal current (overload) of the electric motor of the crushing rotor 10 is repeatedly detected three times or more, the foreign matter is Judged to be mixed.
[0057]
  When the presence of foreign matter is confirmed, the rod 19a of the cylinder 19 contracts. In this case, as shown in FIG. 8, the attachment of the first partition plate 8c and the second partition plate 8d is separated from the crushing rotor 10 and the partition plate 8 is bent into a U shape. The shaft body 17 a of the base 17 slides along the slit 3 b of the side plate 3. Accordingly, the mounting base 17 is lowered while the fixed blade 16 is inclined downward toward the tip side, and the fixed blade 16 is tilted so as to be separated from the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10. The crushing rotor 10 is discharged to the outside of the crushing chamber 2 from between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 and the fixed blade 16.
[0058]
  As described above, according to the crushing apparatus according to the present embodiment, the stationary blade 16 moves downward when abnormality is detected, and the passage of difficult-to-crush objects can be permitted between the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 and the stationary blade 16. Since it is expanded to the extent, it is possible to automatically and automatically discharge difficult-to-crush objects to the outside of the crushing chamber 2.
[0059]
  When the discharge of difficult-to-crush objects is completed, the rod 19a of the cylinder 19 is extended, and the mounting base 17 is returned to the normal position (steady state), so that the crushing process can be performed.
[0060]
  <Other embodiments>
  The crushing device according to the present invention isRealThe present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
[0061]
  For example, the first embodiment,First reference exampleThe means for rotating the mount 17 that is rotatably supported is not limited to the linear motion mechanism such as the cylinder 19 but may be a rotational motion mechanism such as a motor. Specifically, a configuration in which the shaft bodies 17a at both ends of the mounting base 17 are directly rotated by a motor or the like can be employed. Moreover, the structure which moves the mount 17 manually may be sufficient.
[0062]
  AndSecond reference exampleHowever, the structure which raises / lowers the mounting base 17 to a perpendicular direction may be sufficient, maintaining the attitude | position of the mounting base 17 (maintaining the horizontal state of the fixed blade 16). The point is that the present invention intends if the fixed blade 16 is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 and a crushing difficult object can be taken out from the gap.
[0063]
  However, it is more preferable to employ a configuration in which the fixed blade 16 tilts obliquely in that it can automatically discharge difficult-to-crush objects. In this case, when the fixed blade 16 tilts obliquely after being separated from the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10, or when the fixed blade 16 is tilted obliquely and then separated from the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10, the fixed blade 16 is inclined. The present invention includes a configuration in which the fixed blade 16 is tilted obliquely while being separated from the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 when it is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 10 while being inclined.
[0064]
  Also,Second reference exampleThe rod 19a of the cylinder 19 contracts to separate the mounting base 17 from the end edge of the support plate 5, but between the mounting base 17 and the end edge of the support plate 5 so that crushed material does not enter from there. It is more preferable to protect the sheet with a deformable sheet, bellows, or cloth.
[0065]
  further,First reference exampleIn FIG. 2, the fixed blade 16 and the support plate 5a on the crushing rotor 10 side are tilted so that a part of the crushing chamber 2 in the vicinity of the fixed blade 16 is opened. However, the present invention is limited to this. In addition, a part of the crushing chamber 2 in the vicinity of the fixed blade 16 (for example, a part of the support plate 5) is manually or automatically opened and closed.
[0066]
【The invention's effect】
  As described above, when the crushing apparatus according to the present invention detects a difficult-to-crush object, the fixed blade that performs crushing with the crushing blade attached to the rotatable crushing rotor allows passage of the difficult-to-crush object. Since it is configured to be separated from the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor to the extent, it is possible to easily take out difficult-to-crush objects that have been inadvertently introduced into the crushing chamber from the outside of the crushing chamber and to remove difficult-to-crush objects. The burden on the operator can be reduced.
[0067]
  MaTBy adopting a configuration that tilts the fixed blade when separating the fixed blade, difficult-to-crush objects can be automatically discharged to the outside of the crushing chamber. Therefore, it is possible to save labor.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 of the present inventiononeThe cross-sectional side view of the crushing apparatus which shows embodiment.
[Figure 2]sameThe principal part sectional top view of the crushing device of an embodiment.
[Fig. 3]sameIt is principal part sectional side view which shows the foreign material discharge | emission aspect by the crushing apparatus of embodiment, Comprising: (a) shows before discharge and (b) shows after discharge.
FIG. 4 of the present inventionFirst reference exampleThe cross-sectional side view of the crushing apparatus which shows.
[Figure 5]First reference exampleIt is principal part sectional side view which shows the foreign material discharge | emission aspect by this crushing apparatus, Comprising: (a) shows before discharge | emission and (b) shows after discharge | emission.
FIG. 6 of the present inventionSecond reference exampleThe cross-sectional side view of the crushing apparatus which shows.
[Fig. 7]Second reference exampleThe principal part cross-sectional top view of a crushing apparatus.
[Fig. 8]Second reference exampleFIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Frame, 2 ... Crushing chamber, 5 ... Support plate, 10 ... Crushing rotor, 13 ... Crushing blade, 16 ... Fixed blade, 17 ... Mounting stand, 19 ... Cylinder (moving means of fixed blade), 23 ... Screen, 25 ... pusher

Claims (1)

A crushing rotor (10) provided with a crushing blade (13) in a crushing chamber (2) for accommodating a material to be crushed and rotatable, and a fixed blade arranged along the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor (10) (16) and is provided, crushing the object to be crushed that is crushed by the shearing action of the crushing blades (13) and the fixed blade (16) from between the outer peripheral surface and the fixed blade of the crushing rotor (10) (16) In the crushing device that discharges to the outside of the chamber (2), when the crushing difficult object (P) is interposed between the crushing blade (13) and the fixed blade (16), the crushing difficult object (P) The fixed blade (16) is configured to be separated from the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor (10) so that it can pass between the outer peripheral surface of 10) and the fixed blade (16). The fixed blade is attached to a mounting base (17) that is rotatable along the rotation surface of the crushing rotor (10). 16), a perforated screen (23) curved in an arc along the rotation trajectory of the crushing blade (13) is disposed in the rotation direction of the crushing rotor (10), and the screen (23) is arranged upstream and downstream. The crushing apparatus is characterized in that the screen (23a) on the upstream side is fixed to the mounting base (17).

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