JP2001172917A - Upper structure of bridge or the like, and its construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the upper structure of a bridge or the like that has simple structure, can be maintained and controlled easily after construction, and can be constructed and has improved workability even if a space below a girder is narrow and dimensions below a road surface are limited, and its construction method. SOLUTION: A plurality of steel shells 3 whose section is in nearly U shape or box shape while they have a support part 6 at a lower bridge surface side are installed at a specific interval in the direction on the pier or abutment, and a girder 2 whose inside is filled with concrete 8 and a floor slab 20 that is laid on the support part 2 of the adjacent girder 2 while being bridged are provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plurality of girders having a supporting portion on the lower bridge surface side, comprising a steel shell filled with concrete inside, and being installed at predetermined intervals on a pier or abutment. The present invention relates to a superstructure such as a bridge having a slab laid therebetween and a method of constructing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a composite floor slab used for a superstructure such as a bridge, there is an invention described in, for example, JP-A-7-173895. The composite floor slab according to the present invention is a method in which a plurality of steel girders or metal pipes arranged in parallel are implanted with stud dowels that transmit shear force to the upper surface of the steel girders or metal pipes, and concrete is cast thereon, and the steel girders or metal girders Both ends of the pipe are covered with concrete at the ends.

[0003] Then, with such a configuration,
It is possible to omit the complicated production and processing of steel materials such as performed with a plate girder, save labor, speed up construction, and reduce costs.In addition, both ends of a steel girder or metal pipe are covered with concrete at the ends. By doing so, a strong steel-concrete composite structure can be obtained.

[0004]

When the composite slab as described above is used as a superstructure of a bridge, there are the following problems. (1) If the floor slab is damaged, such as cracking of the slab or neutralization of the slab concrete, the slab itself constitutes a part of the main member. Can not. Therefore, if the floor slab is damaged, the entire girder must be replaced. In addition, when repainting a steel girder or a metal pipe, it is necessary to assemble a scaffold at a lower portion, which requires a lot of time and labor, so that there are many problems in maintenance and management such as low economic efficiency.

(2) Further, since the dimension below the road surface is large, in a bridge section where it is necessary to secure a space below the girder,
This composite slab cannot be implemented. In order to secure the space under the girder of this bridge, an approach of gradually raising the road surface is necessary, which significantly increases the bridge length and construction costs.

(3) When transporting and assembling a composite member assembled in a factory, the weight of each individual member becomes large, so large equipment is required at the time of installation, which is uneconomical. Not only that, but also poor workability. (4) In addition, when concrete is cast on site after steel girders or steel pipes are erected, a formwork for concrete casting is necessary, and therefore the workability is poor and time is required for construction. Therefore, the construction period is prolonged.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has a simple structure, easy maintenance and management after construction, and a small space under the girder, so that dimensions under a road surface are limited. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a superstructure such as a bridge and the like and a construction method which can be implemented even in a case and has good workability.

[0008]

An upper structure of a bridge or the like according to the present invention comprises a plurality of steel shells having a substantially U-shaped cross section or a box-shaped cross section and having a supporting portion on a lower bridge surface side, which are mounted on a pier or abutment. It is provided with a girder installed at a predetermined interval in the width direction and filled with concrete inside, and a floor slab laid on a support portion of the adjacent girder so as to bridge.

In addition, a diaphragm is provided in the steel shell, or a stiffener is provided on the inner wall of the steel shell. Further, a shear joining member is provided between the supporting portion of the steel shell and the floor slab. Are connected via Further, a multilayer bridge surface is provided on the above-described upper structure.

Further, the method for constructing a superstructure such as a bridge according to the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of steel shells having a substantially U-shaped cross section or a box-shaped cross section and having a supporting portion on the lower bridge surface side are formed on a pier or abutment. The steel shell is filled with concrete in the direction, a step of filling the steel shell with concrete, and a step of laying a floor slab on a supporting portion of the adjacent steel shell by bridging.

Further, a plurality of girders having a substantially U-shaped cross section or a box-shaped cross section and filled with concrete inside a steel shell having a support portion on the lower bridge surface side are provided at predetermined intervals in the width direction of the pier or abutment. And a step of laying a floor slab on the supporting part of the adjacent spar by bridging. Further, the support portion and the floor slab are joined by mortar.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [Embodiment 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a part of a cross-section for explaining an entire structure of a superstructure such as a bridge according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 2 is FIG.
It is the perspective view seen from diagonally below. In both figures, reference numeral 1 denotes an upper structure of a bridge, which has a support portion 6 at a lower end portion, and is installed on a pier P (or an abutment) erected on the ground G at predetermined intervals in the width direction and has an inner portion. A plurality of girders 2 made of a steel shell 3 filled with concrete 8 and a precast slab 20 (hereinafter simply referred to as a slab) laid between bridges 6 of adjacent girders 2. ing.

The steel shell 3 has, for example, two steel plates 4a and 4b each having a length corresponding to the span of a bridge and having a predetermined width and opposed to each other at a predetermined interval, and a lower end portion having the same length as the steel plates 4a and 4b. And a bottom plate 5 made of a steel plate having a width wider than the interval between the steel plates 4a and 4b.
The steel shells 3 on both sides have one edge aligned with the side wall of the steel plate 4a (or 4b), so that the other edge protrudes from the side wall of the steel plate 4b (or 4a) and are integrally formed by welding. The center steel shell 3 is made of steel having a substantially U-shaped cross section with an open upper part, with the bottom plate 4 projecting to both sides and joining by welding to form a steel plate 4b (or 4) of the bottom plate 5.
The support 6 of the floor slab 20 is formed by the projection from FIG.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the steel shell 3. FIG. 3 (a) shows that the width of the bottom plate 5 is formed wider than the interval between the steel plates 4a and 4b and protrudes to one side as described above, and is welded to the lower ends of the steel plates 4a and 4b to project the floor slab 20 by the protruding portions. Is formed. FIG. 3B shows that the bottom plate 5 is made of steel plates 4a, 4b.
The bottom plate 5 is formed in a triangular shape having a width wider than the interval, and the bottom plate 5 is protruded to one side and welded to the lower ends of the steel plates 4a and 4b, and the support portion 6 is formed by the protruding portions.

FIG. 3C shows one steel plate (for example, 4 steel plate).
The lower part of a) is bent at a right angle, the bottom plate 5 is welded to the lower end part to form an L-shape, and the support part 6 is formed by a bent part, as shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C. If this is the case, the strength of the support portion 6 can be further increased. In the above description, the case where the steel shell 3 is formed to have a substantially U-shaped cross section with an open top is shown, but the upper opening may be formed into a box-shaped cross section by closing it with a steel plate. In this case, it is necessary to provide an injection hole for injecting concrete into the steel plate.
Further, the support portion 6 of the floor slab 20 provided at the lower portion of the steel shell 3 is not limited to the above example, but may have an appropriate structure.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a floor slab manufactured in advance in a factory or the like, the width of which is slightly smaller than the inner dimension between the adjacent girders 2 and is formed to a predetermined length. As shown in FIG. 4, for example, a shear bonding key 21 having a triangular or trapezoidal convex and concave portion is formed.

Next, an example of the construction method of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described. (1) A plurality of steel shells 3 and a plurality of floor slabs 20 manufactured in a factory.
Is transported to the construction site, and as shown in FIG.
Are installed at predetermined intervals in the width direction on the bridge girder P.
At this time, the steel shells 3 installed on both sides have the support portions 6 positioned inside, and the steel shells 3 having the support portions 6 on both sides are installed at the center. Note that the steel shell 3 installed at the center may be higher or lower than the other steel shells 3.

(2) Next, the concrete 8 is filled into the steel shell 3 from the upper opening (in the case of a box-shaped cross section, an injection hole). Note that the girder 2 in which the steel shell 3 is filled with the concrete 8 in advance may be installed on the pier P (or the abutment).

(3) After the concrete 8 has hardened, a mortar or an elastic material 7 is laid on the upper surface of the support portion 6 of each girder 2, and a bridge between the adjacent support portions 6 is bridged thereon to form the floor slab 20. Place and join. Note that the floor slab 20 may be directly placed on the support portion 6 without laying the mortar 7 or the like. At this time, the floor slab 20 adjacent to the traveling direction of the vehicle or the like is made of epoxy resin,
They are sequentially joined by a shear joining key 21 via a mortar or the like.

[Examples] The specifications of the upper structure such as a bridge according to the present embodiment are variously varied according to the type and scale of the target structure. It is as follows. Steel shell 3 is 9mm thick,
Two steel plates 4a and 4b having a height of 5m and a length of 40m are arranged to face each other at an interval of 0.5m.
mm, width 0.7m, length 40m of the bottom plate 5 made of steel plate,
One side was aligned with the side wall of one steel plate (for example, 4a) and joined by welding, and the other side was protruded 0.2 m from the side wall of the other steel plate 4b to form the support portion 6. In addition, a plate thickness of 38 mm and a width of 0.9 are provided at the lower end of the central steel shell 3.
m, a bottom plate 5 made of a steel plate having a length of 40 m,
The support portion 6 was formed by projecting 0.2 m from both sides of the side wall 4b on both sides and joining them by welding.

Each of the steel shells 3 constructed as described above is transported to the site and installed on the pier P at an interval of 4.55 m.
The inside was filled with concrete 8. After the concrete 8 has hardened, a mortar of about 10 mm thickness is laid on each supporting portion 6, and a floor slab 20 having a thickness of 30 cm, a width of 4 m and a length of 2 m is placed on the mortar, and the traveling direction of the vehicle or the like is set. Were connected in sequence with a shear bonding key 21 via an epoxy resin, and bonded to the support 6.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing another example of the present embodiment. In the example of FIG. 2, three girders 2 are arranged in the width direction on the pier P.
Are shown at predetermined intervals, but in this example, two girders 2 having support portions 6 at the lower portion are installed at predetermined intervals on the pier P (or abutment) with the support portions 6 inside. The slab 20 is laid by laying a mortar 7 or the like on the support portion 6. Although the construction method, effects, and the like of this example are the same as those in the example of FIG. 2, it is particularly effective to install it in a place with a relatively small traffic volume or a narrow place. In each of the above examples, two or three girders 2 are provided on the pier P or the abutment.
Four or more digits 2 may be provided.

In the upper structure such as a bridge constructed as described above, the steel shell 3 mechanically bears the main stress as a girder, and the floor slab 20 does not receive the main stress as a girder.
It plays a role of transmitting a live load to the steel shell 3.

Further, since the floor slabs 20 are individually bonded to the girders 2, if the floor slabs 20 are damaged, only the floor slabs need to be replaced, and the replacement is easy. Furthermore, since most of the girders 2 are above the road surface, the steel material can be painted from the road surface position, and thus no scaffolding is required. For these reasons, the present invention is extremely effective in maintenance and management.

Further, since the lower portion of the spar 2 is substantially equal to the road surface height, almost no structural members are required in the space below the floor slab 20. As a result, a significantly larger space under the girder than the conventional synthetic slab can be secured, and even under conditions where the girder height is narrow, it is possible to design a route that minimizes the height of the line following it. is there. This reduces the scale of the bridge and can significantly reduce construction costs.

Further, the steel shell 3 having the supporting portion 6 for supporting the floor slab 20 for forming the bridge surface is installed on the pier P or the abutment. 2 after the concrete 8 has hardened
Since the floor slab 20 is laid on the supporting portion 6 of the above, no formwork is required for concrete casting. Further, when the concrete 8 is cast into the steel shell 3 at the site, it is not necessary to carry a heavy object and erection, so that high workability is provided.

Further, since the concrete-filled steel shell structure is used, buckling design of the steel material is unnecessary, and the design is easy. Furthermore, since there are many variations of the structure forming formula, the shape can be changed according to the plan.

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an upper structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention as viewed obliquely from below.
The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. In the present embodiment, diaphragms 9 serving as nodes are provided at regular intervals in a steel shell 3 having a substantially U-shaped cross section or a box-shaped cross section. The construction method of the present embodiment is almost the same as that of the first embodiment, but by providing the diaphragm 9, the steel shell 3 and the concrete 8 filled therein can be mechanically integrated. .

[Embodiment 3] In the present embodiment, FIG.
As shown in (a) to (d), a plurality of stiffeners 10 are provided on opposing inner walls of a steel shell 3 having various support portions 6 at substantially equal intervals in the vertical direction. The stiffener 10
For example, as shown in FIG. 7 (e), the length of the steel shell 3 is substantially the same as that of the steel shell 3. Are joined by welding to the inner wall of the. If necessary, a stiffener 10 may be provided on the inner wall of the bottom plate 5 as shown in FIGS.

According to the present embodiment, since the plurality of stiffeners 10 are provided on the inner wall of the steel shell 3, the shape of the steel shell 3 is maintained, and the steel shell 3 and the concrete 8 are further integrated. Can be promoted. In the above description, the case where the stiffener 10 having a length substantially equal to that of the steel shell 3 is provided on the inner wall of the steel shell 3 is shown. However, as shown in FIG. The stiffeners 10a may be mounted on the same line of the inner wall of the steel shell 3 at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction and in multiple stages in the vertical direction. Further, instead of the L-shaped stiffeners 10 and 10a, an I-shaped stiffener or a plurality of stud dowels may be attached by welding.

[Embodiment 4] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, in order to further integrate the joining between the spar 2 and the floor slab 20, the two are joined together by a shear joining member 12. It was done. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, on the upper surface of the support portion 6 provided on the steel shell 3, as shown in FIG.
2 are joined by welding or the like, and a hole 22 is provided at a position facing the shear joining member 12 of the floor slab 20, as shown in FIG. 9B.

When laying the floor slab 20 on the support portion 6 of the spar 2, mortar or the like 7 is laid on the support portion 6 if necessary, and then the holes 22 provided in the floor slab 20 are It fits and is placed on the support 6. And the hole 22
The shear joining member 12 and the floor slab 20 are integrally joined by pouring and solidifying mortar or concrete. Accordingly, the floor slab 20 is positioned by the shear bonding member 12 and the movement in the front-rear and left-right directions is restrained, so that the spar 2 and the floor slab 20 can be more firmly integrated.

In the above description, the case where a plurality of bar-shaped shear joining members 12 such as stud dowels are provided on the support portion 6 has been described, but a plurality of short L-shaped steel materials are provided in the longitudinal direction of the support portion 6. May be attached at predetermined intervals to form the shear bonding member 12.

[Fifth Embodiment] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a fifth embodiment of the present invention as viewed obliquely from below. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. In the present embodiment, for example, a bridge surface is stacked in two steps so that a large amount of traffic can be consumed in a narrow place.

In the present embodiment, the height of the steel shell 3 described in the first to fourth embodiments is increased, and the steel shell 3 is reinforced with a stiffener 13 at a predetermined height above the support portion 6. Second support part 6
A plurality of steel shells 3 provided with a are installed on a pier P (or an abutment), and concrete 8 is filled therein to form the girder 2.
And, while laying the floor slab 20 on the lower supporting portion 6,
Similarly, the floor slab 20 is laid on the upper supporting portion 6a,
A bridge or the like having a two-layer bridge surface is constructed. Although the figure shows the case where the bridge surface is composed of two layers, it may have three or more layers.

As described above, in the present embodiment,
Since the bridge surface was expanded upward without increasing the width of the bridge, the congestion can be reduced with a simple structure even in a narrow place. In this embodiment, the bridge surface may be configured as a multi-layer from the beginning of construction, or a bridge or the like which was initially a single-layer bridge surface as in the first embodiment may be increased in traffic volume. Accordingly, a bridge surface may be additionally provided.

[0037]

The upper structure of a bridge or the like according to the present invention comprises a plurality of steel shells each having a substantially U-shaped cross section or a box-shaped cross section and having a support portion on the lower bridge surface side are provided in a width direction on a pier or abutment. The buckling design of steel shells is simple because it consists of a girder with concrete filled inside and a slab laid on the supporting part of an adjacent girder by bridging it. Is unnecessary, the weight during installation is reduced, no formwork is required when placing concrete, a large space can be secured under the girder, additional route construction can be performed at the top, maintenance after construction It is possible to obtain remarkable effects such as advantageous for management.

Since the diaphragm is provided in the steel shell or the stiffener is provided on the inner wall of the steel shell, the steel shell and the concrete filled therein can be more firmly integrated.

Since the support portion of the steel shell and the floor slab are joined to each other via the shear joining member, the positioning of the floor slab is easy, and the slab and the floor slab are further firmly integrated. be able to.

In the above superstructure such as a bridge, the bridge surface is multi-layered, so that traffic congestion can be reduced even in a narrow place. In addition, when the traffic volume increases, a bridge surface can be additionally provided on an existing bridge or the like.

Further, the method for constructing a superstructure such as a bridge according to the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of steel shells having a substantially U-shaped cross section or a box-shaped cross section and having a supporting portion on the lower bridge surface side are formed in the width direction on the pier or abutment. The above-mentioned effects are obtained because the method includes a step of installing concrete at predetermined intervals, a step of filling concrete in a steel shell, and a step of laying a floor slab by bridging on a support portion of an adjacent steel shell. In addition to the high workability, construction costs can be reduced and the construction period can be shortened.

Further, the method for constructing a superstructure such as a bridge according to the present invention is a method for constructing a steel shell having a substantially U-shaped cross section or a box-shaped cross section and having a concrete portion filled in a steel shell having a support portion on the lower bridge surface side. The same effects as above can be obtained because the steps of installing the girders at predetermined intervals in the width direction of the pier or abutment, and laying the floor slab by bridging on the support part of the adjacent girders Can be.

Since the support and the floor slab are joined by mortar, the floor slab can be firmly fixed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a part of a cross section for explaining the entire structure of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of FIG. 1 as viewed obliquely from below.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an example of the steel shell of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of the floor slab of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a front view of another example of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the second embodiment of the present invention as viewed obliquely from below.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a steel shell and a perspective view of a stiffener according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a steel shell according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the shear bonding member and the floor slab of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the fourth embodiment of the present invention as viewed obliquely from below.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Upper structure of bridge 2 Girder 3 Steel shell 6, 6a Support part 7 Mortar etc. 8 Concrete 9 Diaphragm 10, 10a Stiffener 12 Shear joining member 21 Shear joining key 20 Floor slab 22 Hole

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of steel shells having a substantially U-shaped cross section or a box-shaped cross section and having a support portion on a lower bridge surface side are installed at predetermined intervals in a width direction on a pier or abutment, and the inside is filled with concrete. An upper structure of a bridge or the like, comprising: a spar that has been formed; and a floor slab laid on a supporting portion of the adjacent spar. 2. The superstructure of a bridge or the like according to claim 1, wherein a diaphragm is provided in the steel shell. 3. The upper structure of a bridge or the like according to claim 1, wherein a stiffener is provided on an inner wall of the steel shell. 4. A steel shell supporting portion and a floor slab are connected to each other via a shear joining member.
Superstructure such as a bridge described in any of the above. 5. The superstructure of a bridge or the like according to claim 1, further comprising a multilayer bridge surface. 6. A step of installing a plurality of steel shells each having a substantially U-shaped cross section or a box-shaped cross section and having a support portion on a lower bridge surface side at predetermined intervals in a width direction on a pier or abutment; A method of constructing a superstructure such as a bridge, comprising: a step of filling concrete into the inside; and a step of laying a floor slab by bridging on a support portion of the adjacent steel shell. 7. A plurality of girders having a substantially U-shaped cross section or a box-shaped cross section and filled with concrete inside a steel shell having a support portion on the lower bridge side at predetermined intervals in the width direction of the pier or abutment. A method for constructing a superstructure such as a bridge, comprising a step of installing and a step of laying a floor slab by bridging on a support portion of the adjacent girder. 8. The method for constructing a superstructure such as a bridge according to claim 6, wherein the support portion and the floor slab are joined by mortar.