JP2001104000A - Bagasse bale and resource material using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To convert a bagasse occurring in a process for producing sugar into a useful resource material, to reduce a transportation cost and an application cost and to obtain a component and a shape suitable as a bed material of livestock barn, a compost raw material and a soil conditioner. SOLUTION: This bagasse bale is obtained by cutting a raw material bagasse to <=10 cm, drying the cut bagasse, compressing the dried bagasse in a high density or low density and packing and forming the bagasse into a bagasse bale. After first pressing of sugarcane, when the raw material bagasse supplied with water and compressed at least once is used, a high-quality material with a small amount of remaining sucrose is obtained. A bagasse bale is subjected to low-density compression so as to have 100-540 kg/m3 so that the bagasse bale can be broken into pieces by hands when the bale is opened.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a bagasse bail made from bagasse, which is sugarcane slag, and a resource material using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Bagasse, which is generated in large quantities in the process of producing sugar from sugarcane, has been conventionally used as a raw material for paper, fuel, feed, etc., but its consumption has hardly increased. The reasons why consumption did not increase are as follows. That is, in the natural state, bagasse generated in the process of sugar production is in a state where fibers of various lengths of about several mm to about 20 cm at maximum are mixed at random, and the weight-specific volume is large (bulk). Import costs from overseas and domestic transportation costs are higher. In order to reduce costs, it is conceivable to transport bagasse in the state of maximum compression.However, it is not easy to compress a large amount of a mixture having irregular fiber lengths into an easy-to-handle form, and it is also difficult to compress paper, The inability to reduce the cost of transporting fuel or feed to the point of overcoming other feedstocks has led to abandoning their use as feedstock. Since then, bagasse has been incinerated, disposed of, or landfilled without finding any new uses. However, due to the enormous amount generated, landfill sites have recently become scarce and countermeasures have become a social problem.

[0003] On the other hand, as a bed material for livestock protection or livestock excrement absorption, conventionally, sawdust (wood waste) and straw (straw) have been used.
Has been used. Ogakuzu's prices are unstable and its supply is poor. In addition, fermentation and decay require two to three years, making it unsuitable for composting after being used as a bed material, and disposal after use can cause pollution due to odor fouling. It was started. Also,
Straw has a problem in that it has a poor supply and a high price because imported straw has been discontinued due to the risk of transmission of the disease. On the other hand, straw is excellent as a compost material, but in Japan, recently, since only automatic shredding machines are used to shred and leave in the fields, useful materials are also mostly used for compost production. It is not at present.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the fact that the production of bagasse is extremely large and the shortage of the final disposal site of bagasse has become a problem, the present inventor has improved the availability of bagasse and We have researched and developed new applications and conceived to utilize them as useful resources. Bagasse has a very large amount of fibers (fiber content) contained therein, and is extremely light and extremely high in water absorption performance in a dry state. Therefore, the present inventors have repeatedly studied to change bagasse produced in the process of sugar production into a form that can be used for various new uses.

In a conventional method for producing sugar from sugarcane, sugarcane is squeezed only once or twice, so that even after squeezing, the ratio of residual sucrose in the raw bagasse is very large. Therefore, when used in an environment where moisture permeates during use, the viscosity of bagasse increases in a relatively short period of time. When the viscosity is high, for example, the usable period as a bed material for livestock barns is short, and it is difficult to assemble and transport after use, and furthermore, it takes time to generate compost after use, and the components of the generated compost Concentrations that are too high have an adverse effect on plant growth. In addition, bagasse obtained by simply squeezing sugarcane (hereinafter referred to as raw material bagasse) has irregularly shaped fibers of various lengths. Therefore, when commercializing this, it is necessary to pack, store, transport and use it. It greatly restricts the work efficiency in such cases. Because of this, raw bagasse has heretofore been considered unsuitable for use in applications other than paper, fuel or feed.

[0006] Thus, the invention of claim 1 and claim 2 seeks the characteristics of bagasse as a raw material, eliminates its weaknesses, and increases its advantages. It is an object of the present invention to provide bagasse (hereinafter, referred to as commercial bagasse) processed so that it can be used as a useful resource material such as a horticultural plowing material, a mulch additive material, and other soil materials. I do. The invention of claim 1 and claim 2 achieves the above object,
The raw bagasse is compression-packaged and formed into bagasse bale (that is, lump bagasse). An object of the present invention of claim 3 is to use the compressed bagasse bale as a livestock bed material, a fertilizer material, or a soil improvement material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a bagasse bail in which, when used, commodity bagasse can easily return to its pre-compressed state and can be used for that purpose without additional costs.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a bagasse bail of the present invention is obtained by cutting a raw bagasse into pieces of 10 cm or less, drying, compressing and packing. I have. After the first pressing of the sugarcane, it is desirable to perform water supply and pressing at least once to reduce the residual sucrose content of the raw bagasse as much as possible, and then to perform cutting, drying, pressing and packing. First, since the raw bagasse is cut to 10 cm or less, drying, compression, and packing can be performed with high efficiency. Drying, compression,
Since the packaging reduces the size and weight, the cost of transporting and storing the bagasse is reduced, and the storage stability is good. If watering and pressing are performed at least once, the amount of residual sucrose in the raw bagasse is small, so that the water absorption of the commercial bagasse is even higher, the viscosity coefficient after water absorption is low, and the collected bagasse is used as a livestock bed material. Collection work can be done smoothly. Further, it is possible to prevent the fertilizer component after composting from becoming excessive.

[0008] The bagasse bail of the present invention is 540 Kg / m
Compressed to a density exceeding ³ (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as high-density compression) can increase the weight per unit volume, thus greatly reducing the transportation cost. It is necessary to crush using a crusher later, and there is a disadvantage that the equipment cost is high. The preferred bagasse bail of the present invention is compressed to 100 to 540 Kg / m ³ (hereinafter, this may be referred to as low density compression).
It is characterized by having been. Lower limit of compression 10
If 0 Kg / m ³ is lower than this, the bulk (volume per unit weight) of bagasse bale becomes large, the transportation cost becomes relatively high, and it becomes impossible to pay commercially. On the other hand, if the upper limit value of the compression is 540 Kg / m ³ , if it is higher than this, it is difficult to separate and decompose the high-density compressed product bagasse manually, and a crusher is required. In the case of the compression ratio in the above range, the transportation cost is within the profitable frame, and the bagasse bale can be broken without using a crusher.

[0009] Livestock bed material obtained by unpacking bagasse bale that has been cut, dried, densely compressed and packed, and crushed by a crusher is made of light, relatively short, and highly water-absorbing fibers. Therefore, it is not entangled with the legs of livestock and is suitable for protection and for absorbing manure. Livestock bedding made from bagasse bale that has been cut, dried, compressed and packaged after at least one water supply and squeeze following the initial squeeze has a higher water absorption and a lower residual sucrose content Since the amount is small, the effect of absorbing manure is large, and it is effective in preventing the excretion of manure. In addition, bagasse that adsorbed manure after use,
It is deposited in a compost house and used as a compost raw material, but it is prevented that the component concentration of the compost produced is excessive. The low-density compressed bagasse bale can be spread and spread on the barn floor immediately after opening.

[0010] The fertilizer raw material obtained by unpacking the cut, dried, high-density compacted and packed bagasse bale and crushing it with a crusher or the like or separating the low-density compressed bagasse bale is slightly different. Since it is a natural fiber containing sucrose, it is suitable for the inhabitation and growth of bacteria, promotes fermentation heat generation, and is composted in a short period of about 1 to 3 months to produce a mature fertilizer.

A fertilizer raw material obtained by unpacking bagasse bale cut, dried, densely packed and packed and crushed by a crusher or the like, or a soil conditioner made by breaking bagasse bale compacted with low density is expensive. Since it is a natural fiber having water permeability and air permeability, it exhibits excellent soil improvement performance, and is suitable as a horticultural plowing material, a mulch additive, and other soil materials.

[0012]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
This will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a manufacturing process of a bagasse bail according to the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a first pressing machine used in the first step. As the first press, a press known in the industrial field of sugar production is used. One or both of the upper and lower opposing compression drums 11 and 12 are rotated in a predetermined direction by a motor (not shown), and a sugarcane (stem) a that is stacked between the compression drums 11 and 12 in the vicinity. Are sequentially charged to squeeze the sugarcane having a water content of about 85%, and the squeezed juice is received by the pan 13 and discharged from the discharge pipe 14 to the bucket 15. The length of sugarcane a at the time of harvest is about 1 to 5 m. It may be used as it is, or may be cut to about 1 to 2 m.

In the first step, the pressing drums 11 and 12
Slag passing through the nip portion of the raw material, ie, raw bagasse b
Is squeezed from about 85% moisture to about 25%, and is guided by a guide 16 provided at the rear of the squeezing drum in a state of having a certain level of water absorption,
It is immersed in fresh water in the water supply tank 2 in the second step. As a result, the raw bagasse absorbs the water in the water supply tank. Instead of being directly housed in the water supply tank 2 from the guide 16, it may be temporarily stacked on the table or the like (not shown) from the guide 16 and then immersed in the water supply tank 2 manually or by using a robot. .

Subsequently, the raw material bagasse c immersed in the water supply tank 2 to absorb water is pulled up manually or by a robot, and is pulled up by the pressing drum 3 of the second pressing machine 3 similar to the first pressing machine 1.
1 and 32, the sugar component leached into the water of the raw bagasse is squeezed together with water into a pan 33,
From the bucket 35. By the water supply and the pressing in the second step and the third step, most of the sugar component (sucrose) remaining in the raw bagasse is squeezed out, and the viscosity between the pressing drums 31 and 32 is very small. The raw material bagasse d having high fiber quality is discharged. The same press can be used in the first step and the third step. The sap stored in the buckets 15 and 35 is transferred to a known sugar refining device not shown.

Raw material bagasse d discharged from the second pressing machine 3
Is stored and accumulated in the storage box 4 by being guided by a guide 36 which is provided behind the pressing drums 31 and 32.
Water supply and squeezing in the second step are preferably repeated twice when the raw material bagasse has a large residual amount of sucrose due to the type of sugarcane, the climate during processing, and other conditions. That is, the raw bagasse scooped up from the storage box 4 is
There is a case where it is good to apply to the second pressing machine 3 again. Thereby, the residual amount of sucrose in the raw bagasse is reduced as much as possible.

The raw bagasse d after the third step is completed.
Is, as a fourth step, 10 cm or less by the cutting machine 5,
Preferably, it is cut so as to be 7 cm or less. By this cutting, the fiber length of the raw bagasse is made as uniform as possible, and the subsequent handling of commercial bagasse becomes very easy.

Next, as a fifth step, the cut intermediate bagasse e is dried well by natural drying, solar drying or forced drying. In the sun drying, bagasse accumulated in a certain amount in the storage box 4 is spread over a wide outdoor surface to a thickness of 3 to 5 cm, and dried by solar heat. In forced drying, bagasse is put into a large dryer and dried using heat. The intermediate product bagasse dried by this process has a remarkably small load and weighs about 80 m ^3.
It becomes about kg, and is dried to moisture of 18% or less.

Further, in order to reduce the volume and facilitate handling, the dried bagasse is compressed as a sixth step by a clamping machine 6 such as a press machine or a clamp machine which performs a known three-way press. Is manufactured in a bagasse bail having a certain size and a certain weight, and is housed in a plastic bag or the like suitable for transportation and packaged. The purpose of bail is to make bagasse in its natural state (unloaded state) very large in volume per unit weight, which incurs high transportation costs as it is, so it can be compacted and compact, making it easier to handle, store and transport It is to make. To give an example of the size and weight of the bail, the height and width are 25cm x 25cm x
60cm ~ 65cm or 45cm × 45cm × 60cm
~ 45cm × 45cm × 65cm size and 10
It is about 20kg. Bagasse bail of the above length is also suitable for packaging in commercially available fixed volume plastic bags. As described above, the bagasse bail is compressed to 100 to 540 Kg / m ³ , and is formed into a bale having a hardness that can be easily disassembled manually without using a crusher.

The fiber length of commercial bagasse is determined by the use of the commercial bagasse. For example, when used as a bed material for a livestock barn, a bed material of 10 cm or less is suitable as a bed material for a livestock barn for large livestock such as cows, horses, and pigs. With this length, the cows and horses are not entangled with the legs and are comfortable to sit on the livestock, have excellent absorption properties of livestock excreta, and can be efficiently scraped from the barn after use. I can do it. The same applies when used as a large animal bed material in a zoo. In addition, in the case of a bed material for a poultry house, if the length is about this length, it does not hinder the ground spreading movement of the chicken, and the laid eggs are not hidden by bagasse. The same applies to other small livestock or small animal bed materials. In addition, when used for horticultural plunging materials, moisture control materials, and other soil improvement materials, the quality and properties of the soil (large or small in water retention, large or small in water permeability or air permeability, whether or not clayey, firmness, etc.) ) Is determined to be an appropriate length of the commercial bagasse, that is, a length having the required water absorption.

Table 1 shows the first sugar in the ordinary sugar production method.
The results of the analysis and measurement of the raw bagasse after the process and the commercial bagasse manufactured by the above manufacturing method are shown in contrast to the measurement results of sawdust and straw used as conventional bed materials.

[Table 1]

As is clear from Table 1, in the unused state, commercial bagasse has very little moisture compared to sawdust and is well dried, and has a small volume and a large water absorption for the same weight. The volume remains unchanged after water absorption. Therefore, since the water absorption rate is large and drying after water absorption is quick, the product bagasse is most suitable as a bed material for absorbing manure in cattle sheds (beef cattle) and pig sheds on breeding ranches, has a long shelf life, is sanitary, and is environmentally friendly. To contribute. In addition, the number of times of cleaning is reduced, labor and work costs can be reduced, and stress on cattle and pigs can be significantly reduced. Also, unlike sawdust, bagasse does not adhere to cows and pigs, and the floor is dry and sanitary.
In the calf and piglet pens, it is no longer necessary to replenish the bed material every day, and since it has low moisture, it has excellent heat retention and can be comfortably bred.

When commercial bagasse is used as a bed material for dairy cows on a dairy ranch, it can be used in the form of long fibers, has a long shelf life, and has low moisture, so that the frequency of changing the bed material can be reduced. In addition, labor for refilling the bed material is reduced, and work efficiency is improved. Also, because of the low water content, worries about mastitis are greatly reduced. As described above, product bagasse is significantly superior to conventional products as a protective bed material.

Further, the commercial bagasse after being used as a bed material becomes a high-quality compost in a short time. That is, since the rate of fermentation or humus is high due to the infiltrated manure, there are many advantages in terms of compost production and sales. Bed materials that have become about 60% moisture after use generate fermentation heat of about 40 ° C. or more in three days when placed in a compost bar or piled up outdoors. By maintaining the fermentation temperature by turning back the used bed material, it can be decomposed and decomposed in a short period of about 30 to 90 days to be composted and used as a high-quality organic fertilizer. It takes two to three years for sawdust to decompose and decompose into compost,
Since the storage period is much shorter, the disposal efficiency of the used bed material is significantly improved. It is advisable to mix slaked lime to promote composting. Commodity bagasse not used as bed material, that is, bagasse obtained by crushing high-density-compressed bagasse bale with a crusher or bagasse vale obtained by manually crushing low-density-compressed bagasse bale, can also be used directly as a raw material for compost. it can. Organic waste such as garbage can also be mixed into bagasse. In any case, almost the same high-quality organic fertilizer can be obtained as in the case of using bakazu as a raw material after adsorption of manure.

Table 2 shows the analysis results of the main components of bagasse and compost materials other than bagasse.

[Table 2] As is clear from Table 2, as compared with wheat straw conventionally used as a bed material, the ash content is large and the nitrogen is a small value like hardwood. Thus, the commercial bagasse containing the active ingredient as a fertilizer has an advantage that the fertilizer plant is not adversely affected by the excessive fertilizer component. And unlike other compost raw materials that are rich in ingredients from the beginning, the product bagasse is suitable for the type of fertilized plant, etc., by adding an appropriate amount of soliable, pollock, bran, potato gluten and other compost raw materials, etc. It is possible to easily and arbitrarily produce a compost having the following fertilizer elements and components. In addition, since the content of cellulose is small and the content of lignin is small, the soil using bagasse compost can be given appropriate air permeability and water permeability, so that nursery beds and soil suitable for growing plants can be produced.

After using commercial bagasse as a bed material in a barn, the results of analysis of compost components made from the same are shown in Table 3 together with compost components other than bagasse compost for comparison. Table 4 shows the effects obtained when bagasse compost was applied.

[Table 3]

[Table 4] As is clear from Table 4, the soil color after one month of application is black, which is suitable for plant cultivation when bagasse compost is applied because bacterial activity is sufficient. In the case of application, the color is brown, indicating insufficient bacterial activity, and the difference is clear. In addition, it was confirmed that the germination status of the crop was such that when bagasse compost was applied, the germination was uniform and the breeding was good, whereas when the bagasse compost was not applied, the germination was poor. Also, after 50 days from the sowing, the growth status was as follows: when bagasse compost was applied, the green color of the leaves was dense and prosperous, whereas when no bagasse compost was applied, the green color of the leaves was thin and germination occurred. There was a difference that it was not good.

Bagasse obtained by crushing high-density-compressed bagasse bale with a crusher or bagasse obtained by manually crushing low-density-compressed bagasse bail has various excellent points as a bed material for livestock pens and directly. Alternatively, an organic fertilizer having an ideal component concentration can be produced in a short period of time after use as a bed material. Product bagasse contains a large amount of air, has high heat insulation, and is soft and soft.Besides the above applications, it can be laid on the surface of soil to protect it from frost damage and snow damage, or to harden it in the soil. It can be used as a useful resource material such as a horticultural plunging material, a moisture adjusting material, a mulch additive, and other soil improving materials, for example, by softening soil and making it easier to absorb air. Because of the main components and characteristics shown in Table 2, the same effects as those of the conventional compost materials and soil conditioners can be obtained.

[0028]

As described above, the bagasse bail according to the present invention is obtained by cutting, drying and compressing the raw bagasse produced in the process of producing sugar to a fiber length of 10 cm or less.
Since it is obtained by packaging, it is small and lightweight, and has the effect of reducing transportation costs.Furthermore, since the fiber length is uniform, even in the case of bagasse bale that has been compressed at high density, Compared to the case, the crusher can be easily crushed by a low-power crusher. In addition, product bagasse is light, soft, has high heat retention, and has a high water absorption, and is suitable for use as a bed material for livestock protection or manure adsorption beds in livestock barns, a compost material, and a soil improvement material. It has become possible to convert waste bagasse, which has been discarded or incinerated and has recently increased the negative side of the problem of lack of disposal sites, into effective resources. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to preventing environmental destruction due to bagasse, and since bagasse is produced in large quantities throughout the year, inexpensive and stable supply is possible. This is an extremely excellent invention that can positively exert industrial economic effects.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a manufacturing process of a bagasse bail of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st press machine 2 Water supply tank 3 2nd press machine 4 Storage box 5 Cutting machine (crusher or crusher) 15,35 bucket 6 Tightening machine a Sugar cane b Raw material bagasse c Absorbed raw material bagasse d After water absorption, it is compressed. Raw bagasse e cut bagasse f bagasse bail

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Claims (5)

[Claims] A bagasse bale obtained by cutting a raw bagasse produced by squeezing sugarcane into 10 cm or less, drying, compressing and packing. 2. Sugar cane obtained by cutting, drying, compressing and packing after the first pressing of sugarcane by supplying water and pressing at least once to reduce the amount of residual sucrose in the raw bagasse as much as possible. The bagasse bail according to claim 1, wherein 3. The bagasse bail according to claim 1, which is compressed to 100 to 540 Kg / m ³ . 4. A bed material for a livestock barn, a compost material or a soil improvement material obtained by opening the bagasse bail according to claim 1 or 2 and crushing the bagasse bale with a crusher or the like. 5. A bed material for a barn, a compost material or a soil improving material obtained by opening the bagasse bail according to claim 3.