JP2001089275A - Method for treating organic waste and device for the same, crushed matter of degradation bacterium bed used for this treatment method and compost obtained by this treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treatment method which can make the degradation treatment of organic wastes, such as garbage by stable aerobic fermentation in a natural environment without the need for feeding special bacteria for degradation and a device for the same. SOLUTION: The pulverized matter of the degradation bacterium bed containing the degradation bacteria consisting of humus soil, leaf mold or their mixture is added and mixed to and with the organic wastes, such as garbage, or further the pulverized matter, which is obtained by pulverizing chaff, rice straw, barley straw, dry grass, hay or their arbitrary mixture while pressurizing and mashing these materials by a screw type pulverizing device, is added and mixed to and with the organic wastes as an asistant fermentation material and the fermentation degradation of the organic wastes is effected under the aerobic environment.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for fermenting organic waste such as garbage, and more particularly, to an organic matter produced by aerobic fermentation utilizing aerobic fermentation bacteria present in nature. The present invention relates to a method for decomposition treatment and an apparatus used for the fermentation treatment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Meat, vegetables, cereal cooking residues and garbage generated as garbage from restaurants, catering centers, supermarkets and hotel kitchens are organic wastes containing a large amount of water, and are left untreated. If it is kept, it will rot and generate a bad smell, and there is also a hygienic problem.

Therefore, as a method for treating these organic wastes, they are generally incinerated as general municipal waste together with papers and combustible plastics.
Since such organic waste has a large amount of water, it is common to put it in a combustion furnace maintained at a high temperature with a heavy oil burner and incinerate it. However, simply using heavy oil as fuel to incinerate garbage has been a problematic treatment method from the viewpoint of effective utilization of resources.

Therefore, various measures for recycling such organic waste have been proposed, and some of them have already been put to practical use. Examples include composting and feed conversion by microbial decomposition of EM bacteria and the like. However, in these methods, the volume reduction rate is small and the amount of compost and feed produced increases with the spread of the method. In particular, disposal of the produced compost and feed itself has become a problem in urban areas.

[0005] Therefore, various annihilation-type treatment methods have been proposed in which the organic waste is aerobic fermented, decomposed, and basically eliminated. This method is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2256.
No. 73 and JP-A-9-192829, "aerobic bacteria" are added and mixed with "substrate such as sawdust and rice husk" as a microorganism-implantation material in organic waste. -It is a method of stirring and aerobic fermentation.

[0006]

In such conventional methods, first, composting or feed conversion is a useful method as a way of recycling, but in urban areas, the demand for products is small and processing is not complete. As described above, there is no problem. In addition, in the disappearance type treatment method using aerobic fermentation, a specific bacterium that differs depending on the method is used, so that the condition range that can be treated is generally narrow and garbage is not used. Tend to be greatly affected by the characteristics of the processing and the processing environment. In particular, once anaerobic fermentation occurs due to failure of aerobic fermentation,
In addition to the generation of rotten odor, there is a problem in operation such that it takes a long time to restore and stabilize the original aerobic fermentation.

[0007] In addition, residues are inevitably generated even in the case of extinction-type treatment. However, in order to use the residues as compost, it is not always easy to obtain the consent of a general farmer from the viewpoint of safety of the bacteria used for agricultural crops. Not always.

In the conventional method, for example,
According to the method described in JP-A-212482, garbage 1
1000 to 5 parts by weight of the garbage treatment composition of 1000 to 5 parts
000 parts by weight had to be added, and there was an unreasonable aspect that the amount of the processing material to be added was several tens times larger than the garbage to be processed.

Furthermore, bacteria for aerobic fermentation must be continuously purchased from a specialized trader, and this is a burden that cannot be ignored in terms of processing costs.

In view of the above problems, the present invention does not require the purchase of a specific aerobic fermentation bacterium, and is stable by adding only a small amount of additives to organic waste such as garbage. It is an object of the present invention to provide a low-cost and safe processing method capable of performing aerobic fermentation and low operating cost of the apparatus, and an apparatus used for the processing method.

[0011]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made based on such a viewpoint, and is characterized in that organic waste such as garbage can be added to humus or humus or a mixture thereof. The method comprises adding and mixing a pulverized product of a degrading bacteria bed containing a degrading bacteria consisting of the following, and subjecting the resulting mixture to be treated to a decomposition process in an aerobic atmosphere. As a result, the decomposing bacteria attached to the humus or humus can be used as it is, so that it is possible to perform an aerobic fermentation treatment with less fermentation residue without adding and mixing special bacteria.

The ground material of the fermented bacterial bed comprising the humus or humus or a mixture thereof is pulverized while grinding the fermented bacterial material while applying pressure by a screw-type pulverizer, thereby remaining in the fermented bacterial bed. It is optimal that the plant fiber tissue is destroyed and the water absorption is enhanced, and the addition ratio is 5 to 3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organic waste.
0 parts by weight is preferred. Thereby, the amount of the generated fermentation residue is small, including the undegraded amount of the degrading bacterial bed, and the residue can be used again as the degrading bacterial bed, or as it is as compost. Can also be used.

When the water content of the mixture to be treated is high, one or more of rice husk, rice straw, wheat straw, dead grass or hay is added to the mixture to be treated as a fermentation aid using a screw-type pulverizer. It is also a preferred embodiment to add these pulverized materials whose plant fiber tissue is destroyed and water absorption is enhanced by pulverizing while grinding under pressure. In this case, the addition ratio may be 30 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the organic waste. This allows
Even in the case of an organic waste having a high water content, it is easy to perform fermentation treatment while easily maintaining an aerobic environment.

It is preferable that the fermentation is performed while imparting a stirring force to the mixture to be treated, and the stirring may be performed only at an intermittent level, thereby making it possible to greatly reduce the operation cost of the apparatus. ing. At the same time, it is preferable to ensure that the aerobic environment is maintained by performing fermentation treatment while forcibly ventilating the inside of the fermentation tank into which the mixture to be treated is charged. It is also possible to perform forced ventilation while supplying heated air.

[0015] The processing apparatus according to the present invention includes a fermenter that is rotatably mounted in a horizontal direction while switching between forward and reverse directions, a raw material charging section formed at one end of the fermenter, and a fermenter. A fermentation residue discharge portion formed at the end, a jacket arranged so as to surround the outer surface of the fermentation tank, forced ventilation means in the fermentation tank, and a material to be processed in the fermentation tank are stirred. Stirring means, and the organic waste such as garbage and the crushed decomposed bacterial bed and the fermentation aid as needed are charged from the raw material charging section, and organic It is preferable that the fermentation residue is fermented and decomposed in an aerobic atmosphere and the fermentation residue is discharged from the residue discharge section. Thus, the aerobic fermentation treatment can be continuously performed while appropriately adding the organic waste, the degrading bacteria bed, and the fermentation aid into the fermenter.

In a preferred embodiment of the apparatus, a raw material supply opening which is always opened at a position deviated from the center of the fermenter is formed at one end of the fermenter, and the opening penetrates through the jacket. A raw material input hopper is connected, and an openable and closable lid member is disposed at a raw material input port at the tip of the raw material input hopper, and at the other end of the fermenter, from the center of the fermenter like the raw material supply opening. A residue discharge opening which is always opened at the deviated position is formed, and a fermentation residue discharge duct is formed in the opening so as to protrude to the outside through the jacket, and the fermentation residue is transferred to the residue when the fermenter is reversed. Some are configured to be discharged from a discharge opening.

[0017] The forced ventilation means may include an intake port appropriately formed in the jacket, and an upper surface of the residue discharge duct for communicating the inside of the jacket with the inside of the fermenter via the residue discharge duct. An inlet formed in the
What is formed of an exhaust duct having an exhaust fan, and an exhaust port formed on the upper surface of the material input hopper for communicating the exhaust duct with the inside of the fermentation tank via the material input hopper is preferable. .

There is also a system in which a deodorant is disposed at an appropriate position in the exhaust duct, and it is possible to prevent the fermentation odor from leaking to the outside.

It is preferable that the stirring means comprises a rotating shaft disposed through the fermenter and a plurality of stirring blades disposed on the rotating shaft.

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. First, the basic concept of the present invention will be described.In the present invention, in decomposing organic waste, the organic waste is decomposed without using bacteria that are commercially available as decomposing bacteria. The basic idea is to use various decomposing bacteria that have settled (attached) to the humus or humus as the decomposing bacteria.

That is, humus is a mixture of organic substances in which plants are incompletely decomposed in nature and are in various stages of decomposition. In other words, humus is a group of decomposing bacteria in which various decomposing bacteria are active and their fungi. It can be called a floor. In addition, humus is a soil formed by decomposing fallen leaves in the natural world, and is a mixture of various organic substances, like humus, and is a soil-like substance containing a large amount of various decomposing bacteria groups and their bacterial beds. It can be said. These are often found on the surface of forests, and it is worth noting that various degrading bacteria groups suitable for the local environment are inhabited and artificially cultivated for commercial decomposition. It is fundamentally different from bacteria. In other words, since it is an organism even if it is a bacterium, the most appropriate method is to decompose organic waste such as garbage generated in the area with decomposing bacteria suitable for the local environment (climate, climate). In spite of the fact that artificially cultivated degrading bacteria are effective in a specific environment, they are not necessarily effective in other environments, based on the idea that the degrading bacteria suitable for the area are effectively used, The humus and humus are used as the decomposing bacteria.

When humus or humus containing these decomposing bacteria is used, some of them retain the shape of the leaves as they are, and have low hygroscopicity and poor dispersibility. This requires a large amount of humus and humus. Therefore, in the present invention, humus, humus or a mixture thereof containing these degrading bacteria (hereinafter collectively referred to as "degrading bacteria bed" in the present invention) is crushed to increase the specific surface area, thereby increasing water absorption. And a pulverized material having improved dispersibility is used.

As a method for obtaining a pulverized product of this degrading bacterial bed, JP-A-8-253385 or JP-A-10-
A device such as that described in JP-A-113548, in which a fibrous waste such as a pruned branch of a tree is crushed and crushed by pressurizing by rotating a screw, and a device for extruding the crushed material with a screw, that is, a screw-type crushing device is used. . As shown in FIG. 5, the apparatus includes a casing 41, a screw 42 rotatably inserted into the casing,
A top cover 44 disposed at the tip of the casing; and a screw 4 disposed at the center of the top cover 44.
The top cover 44 includes a support member 43 rotatably supporting the front end thereof and a cutter 45 slidably contacting the inner surface of the top cover 44. In addition, a funnel-shaped hopper 46 for charging an object to be processed is provided on the rear end side of the casing 41, and the top cover 44 has a large number of discharge holes 7.

The cutter 45 is mounted on the top cover 4.
The screw 4 is attached to the tip end portion 48a of the rotating shaft 48 of the screw 42 so as to be in sliding contact with the inner surface of the screw 4 so as to rotate together with the rotating shaft 48. Also, the top cover 4
The screw support member 43 is provided at the center of 4, and the tip end portion 48 a of the screw 42 is rotatably supported by the screw support member 43. Further, a rear end 48b of the rotary shaft 48 of the screw 42 is attached to an appropriate drive source via a connector, and has a structure in which the rotary shaft 48 is rotatably supported in the casing 41. The top cover 44 has a large number of discharge holes 4 around a hole in which the screw support member 43 in the center is inserted.
7 are formed.

With the device having the above-mentioned structure, the object to be processed is fixed to the screw 42 and the casing 41 by the rotational force of the screw.
The inner surface of the screw 42 is ground and crushed, and furthermore, the interval between the blades of the screw 42 is formed to be narrower toward the tip, so that the object to be processed is pressure-fed forward by the rotational force of the screw 42. , And is pushed out from the discharge hole 47 of the top cover 44. Immediately before the extrusion, the fibrous material of the object to be processed is cut by a cutter 45 provided in front of the discharge hole 47, thereby preventing the discharge hole 47 from being clogged.

The material of the degrading bacteria bed is put into the hopper 46 and fed to the hopper 46 by a screw 42 while being fed to the other side and pressurized. The bacterial bed becomes a pulverized product in which the residual plant fibers are ground and the plant cells are also broken, and the plant cells are discharged through the discharge holes 47 of the top cover 44.

In this way, the decomposed bacterial bed pulverized while being pressurized by the screw type pulverizer has a further increased hygroscopicity as a result of pulverization and destruction of cell membranes and fibers. That is, FIG. 6 crushes and grinds the mulch while applying pressure using the screw-type crusher of FIG.
It is an external appearance photograph comparing the pulverized material discharged from the discharge hole 47 with that before pulverization. As can be seen from this photograph,
The volume of the crushed material is about 1/1 compared to the volume of the original mulch.
The volume is reduced to about 0 (the bulk density is about 10 times larger), and the cell tissue is destroyed and the contained water is squeezed out. Shows about 3 to 4 times the water absorption of humus. As a result, when this pulverized material is mixed with organic waste such as garbage, the water in the waste is absorbed, and the mixture to be treated has a breathable feel that is not sticky to the touch. Turns into a good mixture, creating a good environment for aerobic fermentation. At the same time, since the pulverized material is finely pulverized as described above, it becomes easy to be uniformly dispersed when mixed with the organic waste. As a result, the uniform fermentation and decomposition of the organic waste are combined with the improvement of the air permeability. It will accelerate the reaction.
At the same time, since the degrading bacteria bed itself is also pulverized into a state in which it is easily decomposed, the decomposition reaction proceeds simultaneously with the decomposition of the organic waste. As a result, the decomposition residue (fermentation residue) is extremely small.

As is clear from the photograph of FIG. 6, the particle size of the crushed humus is not constant and has a wide particle size distribution from fine particles to relatively large particles. When the material is stirred and mixed with organic waste,
It is thought that it is possible to sufficiently mix the particles of the organic waste having various particle diameters with each other to supply the air required for aerobic fermentation to the surface of the small organic waste. .

From the viewpoint of the decomposition rate of organic waste, it is necessary to add at least about 3 parts by weight of the pulverized material of the degrading bacterial bed to be added and mixed with 100 parts by weight of organic waste. If it is less than this, the processing speed of organic waste may be reduced. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of the decomposition environment of the organic waste, it is necessary to appropriately adjust the addition amount according to the water content of the organic waste, and when the water content of the organic waste is high, The amount of the pulverized material that absorbs the moisture of the waste may be appropriately increased and added to such an extent that the mixture to be treated is not sticky and the air permeability can be maintained well. still,
If the water content of the organic waste is high and a large amount of pulverized material needs to be added, it is also a preferable method to drain the organic waste in advance. In particular, unlike organic waste, for the pulverized material of the degrading bacteria bed that requires separate collection in forests or the like, the smaller the amount of addition, the more time and labor required for separate collection, so the amount of the pulverized material added Is preferably controlled to 30 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the organic waste.

In the present invention, if necessary, at least one kind of rice hulls, rice straw, wheat straw, dead grass or hay is obtained by grinding and pulverizing under pressure by the screw-type pulverizer. It is also a preferable method to add a ground product as a fermentation aid. That is, since these fermentation aids themselves have the property of being hard and easy to maintain their shape, the mixture to be treated consisting of wet organic waste such as garbage and the crushed product of the degrading bacteria bed is used. When added and mixed therein, it has a function of forming a space between the target mixture to form a space and keeping air in the target mixture particles to maintain a good aerobic atmosphere. Moreover, the rice husk, rice straw, wheat straw, hay, or hay used as a raw material for the fermentation aid is a dry substance itself and has a low water content, and must be pulverized by the screw pulverizer as described above. The tissue is destroyed by and it becomes easy to absorb moisture,
When this fermentation aid is also mixed with wet organic waste,
It absorbs the water in the organic waste, gives a proper degree of dryness so that the mixture of the object to be treated does not adhere to the inner surface of the processing apparatus, and has a good affinity with the organic waste, and the organically dried organic waste is appropriately dried. It has the effect of forming an appropriate porosity between particles of ionic waste to promote the flow of air and suppress anaerobic fermentation. Moreover, since these rice husks, rice straw, wheat straw, hay and hay are themselves wastes, organic wastes such as garbage, which also serve as waste disposal, are processed.

Next, an example of the fermentation aid produced by using the above screw type pulverizer will be described. FIG.
5 is an appearance photograph of the crushed material crushed and crushed while pressurizing the rice hulls using the screw-type crushing device shown in FIG. 5, and the crushed material was subjected to a crushing process as apparent from this photograph. It can be seen that the rice hulls have been crushed so as not to retain their original shape.

The volume of the crushed material is reduced to about 1/2 (the bulk density is approximately doubled) of the original rice husk volume, but the cell tissue is destroyed. Since the contained water is squeezed out, the water absorption is increased three to four times as compared with the chaff before the crushing treatment. This means that, as described above, when mixed with organic waste such as garbage, it absorbs water in the organic waste and gives the organic waste an appropriate degree of dryness, As a result of facilitating the mixing of the crushed material of the degrading bacteria bed and the rice hulls that are fermentation aids, and maintaining the shape of the rice husk itself due to its hardness, an appropriate space is formed between the organic waste particles. It is understood that aeration required for aerobic fermentation can be maintained. on the other hand,
The rice husk itself also has a significantly improved water absorption, so that the decomposability of the rice husk itself is also improved, and the fermentation and decomposition of the rice hull simultaneously progresses during the aerobic fermentation treatment of the organic waste.

As is clear from the photograph of FIG. 7, the particle size of the crushed rice hulls is not constant, and has a wide particle size distribution from fine particles to substantially original particles. This is considered to be the reason for reducing the volume to about 1/2. Further, when the pulverized product is stirred and mixed with the organic waste, the pulverized product is sufficiently mixed between the particles of the organic waste having various particle diameters, and is preferably applied to the surface of the small organic waste. It is possible to supply the air required for temperament fermentation.

As the fermentation aid, in addition to the above rice hulls, one or more of rice straw, wheat straw, dead grass or hay is used as a raw material, which is pulverized by the screw pulverizer. One of the common features of these raw materials is that each of them is a dried product itself. This is because when the undried or green grass state is crushed as it is in the above apparatus, the water contained therein, that is, “green juice” is generated in the grinding step, and the green juice adheres to the ground material. . If the pulverized material to which the green juice is attached is used as a fermentation aid, the organic waste will be mixed with the green juice, so that aerobic fermentation does not occur and anaerobic fermentation, that is, putrefaction proceeds. . In this sense, in the present invention,
One or more of the dry rice hulls, rice straw, wheat straw, hay and hay are selected as raw materials for the fermentation aid.

Incidentally, the fermentation aid may be appropriately added according to the water content of organic waste such as garbage, but the decomposition rate is slower than that of the organic waste. When a large amount is added, the decomposition residue (fermentation residue) increases. Therefore, it is preferable to suppress the content to 30 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the organic waste.

Next, an apparatus for implementing the above-described concept of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of an organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus used in the present invention. The apparatus is a fermenter 1 for fermenting organic waste such as garbage and the fermenter. 1, a housing 4 arranged to surround the outer peripheral surface of the fermenter 1, stirring devices 15 and 16 for stirring the waste in the fermenter 1, and a rotating device 17 for applying a rotational force to the fermenter 1. And an exhaust duct 9 for forcibly ventilating the generated gas in the fermenter 1.

The fermenter 1 has fixed side plates 5, 6 at both ends.
And a cylindrical drum 1 rotatable with respect to the fixed side plates 5 and 6
a, and the cylindrical drum 1a is provided with the fixed side plates 5,
6 is connected rotatably by a bearing mechanism or the like. As shown in FIG. 2 which is a schematic front view of the fixed side plate 5 at one end, an opening 5a for inputting a raw material is formed at a position deviated from the center O of the fermenter 1 and the other end. As shown in FIG. 3, which is a schematic front view of the fixed side plate 6, an outlet 6a for discharging the fermentation residue is provided at the center O of the fermenter 1 in the same manner as the opening 5a for charging the raw material. It is formed at a position deviated from. Opening 5a for inputting raw material
A raw material charging hopper 2 having an opening 2a outside the housing 4 is formed obliquely upward and penetrates the housing 4, and a lid member 24 that can be opened and closed is disposed in the opening 2a of the hopper 2. On the other hand, a residue discharge duct 3 is formed obliquely downward through the housing 4 at the discharge port 6a for discharging the fermentation residue, and a residue storage bag 25 is formed at the discharge port 3a exposed to the outside. It is attached detachably.

In the fermentation tank 1, the fixed side plates 5 on both sides are offset upward from the center axis of the drum of the fermentation tank.
6 and a stirring blade 16 having a plurality of cutting blades installed in the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft 15.
Is provided. When the input raw material is in the form of a block, this stirring means has a function of crushing the raw material and stirring and mixing the mixture to be processed, and has a function of driving the motor 13 installed in the housing 4. It is rotationally driven by a speed reducer 14 connected thereto. The rotating shaft 15 is rotatably supported at both ends by a support stand 26 fixed to the base B (the stand on the left side is omitted in the figure).

A gear 27 is mounted on the outer periphery of one end of the drum 1a of the fermenter 1, and the drive motor 13,
A gear 28 attached to the ends of the speed reducer 14 and the rotating shaft 15, a chain 30 having one end engaged with the gear 28, a gear 29 having the other end engaged with the chain 30, and a gear 29 A rotational force is applied to the drum gear 27 via a connected speed reducer 20, an output shaft 21 of the speed reducer 20, and a gear 22 held at an end of the output shaft 21, thereby rotating the drum 1a of the fermentation tank. It is configured to rotate.
The drum 1a is held by a plurality of support members 18 fixed to the base B and a plurality of rollers 17 rotatably attached to the support member 18, so that the drum 1a rotates freely.

An intake port 7 is formed at an appropriate position on the upper surface of the fermentation residue discharge duct 3, and an exhaust port 8 is formed at an appropriate position on the upper surface of the raw material input hopper 2. 9, an exhaust fan 10 and a deodorant 11 are arranged at appropriate places in the exhaust duct 9. Thereby, the air in the housing 4 is sucked from the inlet 7 of the fermentation residue discharge duct 3 by the suction force of the exhaust fan 10 and flows into the fermenter 1 via the fermentation residue discharge port 6a of the fixed side plate 6. Together with the gas generated in the fermenter 1
The gas is discharged from the exhaust duct 9 to the atmosphere through the raw material input opening 5a of the fixed side plate 5 and the exhaust port 8 of the raw material input hopper 2. That is, while the gas in the fermenter 1 is forcibly exhausted by the exhaust fan 10,
Fresh air in the housing is supplied into the fermenter 1 from an inlet 7 formed in the discharge duct 3. Note that the fermentation odor is removed by the deodorant 11 installed in the exhaust duct 9.
Most of the water produced by the fermentation is discharged into the atmosphere from the exhaust duct 9, but if the outside air temperature is low, it may be condensed in the duct. I can do it.

An opening (not shown) for intake is formed at an appropriate position of the housing 4, and a heater 23 is arranged near the intake port. Therefore, when the exhaust fan 10 is operated, the air in the housing 4 is sucked into the fermenter 1 as described above. At this time, the outside air is sucked from the intake opening formed in the housing 4. At the same time, it is heated by the heater 23 and flows into the housing 4. The warmed air flows around the drum 1a of the fermentation tank 1 and is sucked from the intake port 7 formed in the fermentation residue discharge duct 3, thereby heating the fermentation tank 1 from the outside and simultaneously heating the fermentation tank 1 There is a role to supply heated air to the inside to keep the temperature in the fermenter 1 at a predetermined temperature.

Next, a processing operation for decomposing organic waste such as garbage using the above-described processing apparatus will be described. First, the organic waste such as garbage is manually opened by appropriately opening the lid member 24 disposed in the opening 2a of the raw material supply hopper 2 and the waste is put into the hopper 2.
It slides down the inside and falls and deposits on the mixture of the aerobic fermentation target that is already present in the fermentation tank 1 from the inlet 5a formed in the fixed side plate 5 and always open.
On the other hand, the degrading bacteria bed made of the crushed material such as the humus soil and the fermentation aid to be added as needed are similarly suitably fed from the raw material feeding hopper 2. The organic waste and the decomposition bacteria bed (and the fermentation aid) appropriately charged in this way are mixed by rotating the drum 1a of the fermenter 1, and the organic waste is blocked. In the case of being charged in a state, by the rotation of the stirring blade 16,
The blocks are crushed and the mixing of the organic waste with the degrading bacterial bed (and fermentation aid) is promoted.

Next, the behavior of organic waste such as garbage in the fermenter 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the state in the fermenter 1 viewed from the side of the raw material inlet 5a, and the garbage and the like introduced into the fermenter 1 from the raw material inlet 5a are indicated by arrows 33 of the fermenter 1. Due to the rotation in the direction (forward rotation), the fermentation tank 1 is deposited in a state having an upward gradient in the rotation direction as indicated by A1 in the figure, and at the same time, circulates in the direction indicated by the arrow 34 by the rotation of the fermenter 1. ing. This mixes the organic waste such as garbage and the degrading bacteria bed (and the fermentation aid), and releases the fermentation gas remaining in the sediment and entrains fresh air.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the state in the fermenter 1 viewed from the fermentation residue discharge port 6a side. When the fermenter 1 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow 33 (forward rotation), The outlet 6
Since the position a is far from the sediment A1, the fermentation residue is not discharged to the outside through the discharge port 6a. Then, when the rotation direction of the fermenter 1 is switched to the rotation (reverse rotation) in the direction indicated by the arrow 35 in the figure, the sediment becomes a sediment having a gradient opposite to that of A1 as shown in A2 in the figure. Become. As a result, the upper surface of the sediment is at a position higher than the lower end surface of the outlet 6a, and the fermentation residue is discharged from the fermenter 1 through the outlet 6a.
It will be discharged outside.

Here, when the decomposed bacterial bed and the fermentation aid are mixed with wet organic waste such as garbage, they absorb the water in the organic waste, and the organic waste is removed. In addition to providing an appropriate degree of dryness such that it does not adhere to the inner surface of the fermentation tank or the stirring blade, an appropriate porosity is formed between the particles of the organic waste that are appropriately dried to promote the flow of air. As described above, aerobic fermentation is promoted while anaerobic fermentation is suppressed.

The mixture of the organic waste and the decomposed bacterial bed (and fermentation aid) thus sequentially charged and mixed is mainly produced by various aerobic fermentation bacteria supplied together with the decomposed bacterial bed. The aerobic fermentation proceeds, and the mixture to be treated is basically decomposed into carbon dioxide gas and water. At this time, it is necessary to appropriately supply air and appropriately exhaust the generated gas. The exhaust fan 10 arranged in the exhaust duct 9 is operated to perform forced exhaust, and at the same time, fresh air is appropriately supplied into the fermenter 1 to maintain an environment for aerobic fermentation.

Next, the drum 1a of the fermentation tank is rotated in the above-described manner. This rotation can be continuously and gently rotated. This is a preferable method from the viewpoint of the above. That is, since the reaction rate of the aerobic fermentation proceeds extremely slowly as compared with the chemical reaction by a general chemical apparatus, the aerobic fermentation is maintained even when the mixture holding the air phase is left. As long as the mixing time is within an appropriate range, no problem occurs even if the mixing by the rotation of the drum is not performed. In the same sense, the forced exhaust does not need to continuously perform the same level of exhaust at all times, and it is also possible to add strength to the exhaust in accordance with the rotation of the drum. It is also possible to independently and intermittently perform forced exhaust.

The intermittent rotation of the fermentation drum and the level of forced evacuation will be described with reference to an example of a time chart shown in FIG. FIG. 4A is a time chart of the intermittent rotation of the fermentation drum, and FIG. 4B is a time chart showing the exhaust level of the forced exhaust. First, in FIG. (A), t1 is a time zone during which the fermentation drum is rotating, and t2 is a time zone during which the rotation of the fermentation drum is stopped. Here, the ratio between t1 and t2, that is, t1: t2 is generally selected in the range of 1:10 to 1: 180, but practically it is preferably about 1:30 to 1: 100. . Specifically, when t1 is set to 2 to 3 minutes, it is preferable that t2 is set to a time of about 60 minutes to 150 minutes.

Next, referring to FIG.
Indicates the time zone of the forced evacuation in accordance with the intermittent rotation of the fermentation drum. In the time zone t1 during which the fermentation drum is rotating, the internal sediment is forcibly mixed, so that the internal sediment is contained in the internal sediment. Since the accumulated fermentation gas is released into the fermentation drum, the exhaust fan 10 is strongly rotated to exhaust strongly during this period, and during the time period t2 during which the rotation of the fermentation drum is stopped, the exhaustion is performed. The fan 10 is rotated at a low speed to make a weak exhaust state. Here, the exhaust amount w2 in the weak exhaust state when the exhaust amount w1 in the strong exhaust state is set to 100 is generally set to about 10 to 30, preferably about 20. Has a drying effect of removing the moisture in the raw material together with the release of the fermentation gas. Therefore, when the moisture content in the raw organic waste such as garbage is large, the exhaust amount w2 in the weakly exhausted state is reduced. It is preferable to set the level slightly higher.

Next, when the aerobic fermentation proceeds and the decomposition of the organic waste proceeds and the volume of the mixture to be treated gradually decreases, the rotation direction of the fermentation drum 1a is reversed as described above. The fermentation residue is discharged from the discharge port 6a opened in the fixed side plate 6 to the discharge duct 3 and falls into the residue storage bag 25 attached to the tip of the duct 3. When the residue storage bag 25 reaches a predetermined amount, the residue storage bag 25
Replace with a new one. The setting of the frequency of the reversal of the rotation direction of the fermentation drum 1a determines the residence time of the raw material input in the fermentation tank 1 and the amount of residence in the fermentation tank. That is, if the frequency of reversal is increased, the frequency of discharge of fermentation residues is increased and the residence time of the input material is shortened, and at the same time, the amount of residence in the fermenter is reduced.
The residence time of the input material becomes longer, and at the same time, the amount of residence in the fermenter increases. Therefore, it is appropriately set according to the characteristics of the organic waste such as garbage and the environmental conditions. Generally, if the general characteristics of the input raw material are substantially constant, it is set at the initial test operation stage. There is little need to change the frequency of forward / reverse rotation.

Next, the fermentation residue falling into the residue storage bag 25 is composed of the fermentation residue of the organic waste, the decomposition residue of the decomposing bacteria bed which is a crushed material of humus and humus, and the crushed material of the rice husk and the like. Since it is a mixture of decomposition residues of fermentation aids
This is sieved into the fermentation residue of organic waste and the decomposed bacterial bed and fermentation aid, and only the fermentation residue of organic waste is used as compost, and the recovered decomposed bacterial bed and fermentation aid residue are reused. It is also possible to use them all as compost without separating them, or to reuse a part of them again as a decomposing bacterial bed and a fermentation aid. In particular, the degrading bacterial bed and the fermentation aid used in the present invention are all crushed plants, and furthermore, their tissues are destroyed and have hygroscopicity, and the fermentation decomposition proceeds in the fermentation tank. There is no problem even if it is used as compost. In particular, according to the method of the present invention, most of the input raw material (organic waste) is decomposed and disappears, and most of the discharged fermentation residue is composed of the decomposed bacterial bed and the undecomposed components of the fermentation aid. Therefore, mixing the whole amount with a new degrading bacterial bed or a fermentation aid and reusing it is also a preferred embodiment as a completely annihilated treatment method that does not produce any discharge.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

EXAMPLES Example 1 A garbage fermentation test was conducted using the apparatus shown in FIG. By the way, the raw garbage discharged from the lunch center was used as it was and put into the test device once a day. Therefore, the contents in garbage vary depending on the daily menu, and residues of meat such as beef, pork, chicken, fish meat, fish ara, fish bone, shrimp shell, egg shell, vegetable waste,
Although it contained all wastes such as food oil discharged from a normal cooking place, it was used for the test without any sort. Therefore, the amount of raw garbage also varies depending on the amount discharged from the food service center on that day, but since the operation was a demonstration operation, the processing test was performed without adjusting the amount of garbage. The diameter of the fermentation tank of the used apparatus is 100c.
m, the length is 150 cm (effective content; about 1 cubic meter).

In the operation of the apparatus, when raw garbage is put into an empty fermenter from the beginning, wet garbage adheres to the inner wall of the fermenter, so that dead leaves and dead branches are crushed in advance by the screw crusher. And about 360 liters of garbage was charged, and garbage was charged therein, and the operation was started. The fermenter was of an intermittent rotation type in which the fermenter was rotated for 2 minutes every 120 minutes, and the stirrer was operated only when the fermenter was rotating. The exhaust air in the fermenter was set to 100% of the exhaust capacity of the exhaust fan when the fermenter was rotating, and was set to 20% when the fermenter stopped rotating.

As the degrading fungal bed, humus and humus deposited on the ground surface in the forest of a local shrine were collected and crushed by the above-mentioned screw-type crusher as shown in the photograph of FIG. Was used. As a fermentation aid, a crushed rice hull alone shown in the photograph of FIG. 8 was used, and no commercially available bacteria for decomposition were added. The device is installed outdoors with good ventilation, and a single-roof type cover is installed to prevent direct sunlight. Table 1 shows the test conditions and the results at the initial stage of the operation.

[0055]

[Table 1]

In Table 1, the number of days column indicates the number of days that have elapsed since the operation start date, and the number skipping means a holiday. During this holiday, no garbage or degrading bacteria beds are charged, but the operation of the apparatus is continued by automatic operation.
Further, the temperature in the fermenter is determined by inserting a rod-shaped thermometer immediately before the raw garbage or the like into the fermenter. Measured. The temperature in the fermenter on the first day of operation is 3
1 ° C. If the temperature in the tank rises, it means that the fermentation reaction has occurred, and that the decomposition reaction has progressed at the highest temperature. The number in parentheses in the column of the amount of humus input indicates the amount of discharged waste.

As is clear from Table 1, on the first day of the operation, a large amount of humus and humus were both charged, and an environment was set such that garbage was charged into these degrading bacterial beds. During the following one week, these inputs were not performed, and only raw garbage was input. The temperature rise due to the fermentation reaction was clearly observed from the second day after the garbage was charged, and on the third day, the central temperature in the tank was 58%.
° C, and it can be seen that the fermentation reaction is proceeding smoothly thereafter. From this fact, if the degrading bacterial bed according to the present invention is used,
It can be seen that the apparatus can be started up quickly, and that the garbage disposal proceeds quickly. The relatively low temperature in the tank is near the garbage inlet, which means that the reaction has not sufficiently proceeded. Therefore, if the frequency of rotation of the fermentation tank is increased and sufficiently stirred, a rise in temperature is also observed,
In this case, the garbage immediately after being introduced is dispersed to the vicinity of the discharge port, and the garbage may be directly contained in the effluent. Therefore, a temperature distribution in which the front temperature is the lowest is preferable. Operating conditions.

From the 16th day after the start of the treatment, discharge of the fermentation residue was observed. This effluent is the total amount of the residue of the garbage fermentation and the residue of the degrading bacterial bed. Since most of the discharged material was the decomposition residue of the decomposing bacterial bed, the whole amount was again put into the fermenter together with the garbage to continue the fermentation treatment. In addition, the decomposed bacterial bed in the discharged matter swelled from the beginning by absorbing water in the garbage. This means that the effluent contains a large amount of moisture in the garbage together with the undegraded bacteria bed and undecomposed garbage and decomposition residues. In the fermentation residue, the fish bone did not retain its original shape, the fish bone was decomposed, and the core of cabbage was not found at all.

During the operation of the apparatus, although there is a slight odor, it is not a corrosive odor, it is an odor like fermentation by yeast and there is no unpleasant sensation. As a result, the odor was almost removed. In addition, during the treatment, the mixture of the object in the fermenter was picked up and observed, but although it was moist overall, it did not adhere to the hand, and I tried to make a lump by holding it firmly with my hand. However, the adhesive force between the particles was extremely weak, and as soon as the hand was released, the particles were dispersed apart. This indicates that the decomposed bacterial bed absorbs the moisture in the garbage to give the garbage an appropriate degree of dryness and also prevents aggregation of the garbage particles.

[Embodiment 2] In the embodiment 1, 16
Since the continuous discharge of waste was recognized after the day, it was determined that the operation of the apparatus was in a steady operation, and the supply of raw materials was stopped for 5 days following the operation of Example 1 (automatic operation of the apparatus was After that, the operation was continued in the same manner as in Example 1 from the 22nd day. Table 2 shows the test results.

[0061]

[Table 2]

In Table 2, the numerical value in parentheses in the column of the amount of humus input or the column of the amount of humus input indicates the re-input amount of the discharged material. In this embodiment, the crushed rice hulls shown in the photograph of FIG. 8 are appropriately added as the fermentation aid, together with the humus and humus.

As is clear from Table 2, the amount of raw garbage input is 40 kg or more compared to the case of Example 1 shown in Table 1, and in particular, 50 to 50 days continuously from the start of operation for 27 to 31 days.
Since a large amount of garbage of about kg was introduced, the amount of water in the fermentation tank increased due to the large amount of garbage input up to that point, and the operation in which humus and humus were suppressed during that time. There is a possibility that the air permeability of the body mixture may be impaired. Therefore, for 5 days from the 27th to the 31st, the crushed rice hulls having a large water absorbency and having a function of causing aerobic fermentation of the garbage are supplied in an amount corresponding to about 10% of the input amount of the garbage. are doing. As a result, the central temperature in the fermenter decreased from the day after the rice husk was introduced (day 28), and the main component of the fermentation reaction was moved to the rear of the fermenter. This means that the dryness of the garbage is improved by the addition of rice hulls, as is clear from the comparative examples described later. It is probable that the main part of the reaction was shifted from the center to the rear.
In addition, as a result, the amount of discharge increased to more than 20 kg from the 31st day. About half of the amount was re-input, and after the three-day holiday, the amount of raw garbage input was reduced from the 34th day.
Humus soil was added at about 0% as a guide, and the operation was continued. By the way, if sawdust is put in place of the rice hulls, some effects are expected at first, but the odor due to the anaerobic fermentation will be generated within a short period of time.

Further, in Table 2, the total amount of discharged materials is 177.8 for 871.7 kg of the total raw material input amount (total amount of raw garbage, humus, humus, rice hulls and discharged materials).
kg, and it is understood that about 20% of the total input amount is discharged as a discharge. The amount (102.1 kg) excluding the re-charged portion of the discharged material was discharged out of the system, and this amount was about 12% of the total charged amount. In addition, since most of the discharged materials are undecomposed products of the humus, humus or rice hull, it can be seen from the raw garbage alone that most of them are eliminated.

During the continuation of this operation, the odor in the fermentation tank was checked as appropriate. As in the case of Example 1, the odor was similar to that of fermentation by yeast and there was no discomfort. As in the case of No. 1, deodorization with the above-described activated carbon was performed. Similarly, during the treatment, the mixture to be treated in the fermenter was picked up and observed. As a result, although it is moist as a whole, it does not adhere to the hand, and even if you hold it firmly with your hand to make a lump, the adhesion between the particles is extremely weak, and when you release your hand, it disperses immediately. It can be seen that the humus and the rice hulls absorb the moisture in the garbage and give the garbage an appropriate degree of dryness, and also prevent aggregation of the garbage particles and the anaerobic fermentation due to this.

Next, as a comparative example, a case where sawdust, which is a typical material added for the fermentation treatment of garbage, is used will be described. [Comparative Example 1] The same procedure as in the above Example was carried out except that no decomposition bed was added to the garbage and sawdust was added as a fermentation aid, and about 10% by weight of the garbage was added. When the fermentation apparatus was operated and processed under the same conditions, the aerobic fermentation proceeded smoothly in the beginning, but since the odor began to be generated halfway, the contents in the apparatus were observed, It was judged that the whole was sticky and that the air flow into the garbage was insufficient (shifted to anaerobic fermentation). Therefore, when the sawdust was thrown in while stirring, and a large amount was thrown in until the stickiness was eliminated, and the same operation as in Examples 1 and 2 was continued,
After a while, it returned to aerobic fermentation again. However, this state did not last for a long time, and the odor began to be generated again. Therefore, a large amount of sawdust was again supplied in the same manner as above to restore the aerobic fermentation, but the generation of the odor again occurred. This "rot smell"
The test operation was completed by repeating "a large amount of sawdust" → "restoration to aerobic fermentation" → "smell generation" several times.
By the way, when the water content of the fermenter contents in the state where the above-mentioned rotten odor was generated was measured, it was about 60% by weight, and this value was found that the aerobic fermentation in Examples 1 and 2 was carried out smoothly. There was no significant difference from the amount of water in the state in which it was used.

The discharged fermentation residue includes cabbage core,
The radish and ginseng pieces remained almost intact, and some of the rice was dumped in dumplings. In addition, while the aerobic fermentation was being carried out smoothly, the raw material mixture in the fermentation tank was picked up and observed, but there was no smooth feeling as in Examples 1 and 2, and it was in a wet state. It was inevitable that a small amount would adhere to the hand. Furthermore, it was found that the garbage particles were squeezed firmly by hand and formed into a lump, and the state was maintained even when the hand was released, so that the garbage particles were easily aggregated.

[Comparative Example 2] Except for adding about 10% by weight of garbage or humus to the amount of garbage as it is without subjecting the humus or humus to the garbage without subjecting it to the above-mentioned crushing treatment. When the fermentation apparatus was operated and processed under the same conditions as in the above example, the aerobic fermentation did not proceed, and the odor peculiar to garbage began to be generated, so the contents in the apparatus were observed. However, it was determined that the whole was sticky and the air flow into the garbage was insufficient (anaerobic fermentation occurred). Therefore,
Sawdust was added with stirring, and the same operation as in the above example was continued by adding a large amount until the stickiness was eliminated, but the odor disappeared for a while, but this state did not last long, and the odor again disappeared. Since it began to occur, a large amount of sawdust was again introduced and restored to aerobic fermentation as above,
After a while, the odor again occurred. The test operation was terminated because the sequence of “generation of odor” → “large amount of sawdust” → “aerobic fermentation” → “generation of odor” was repeated.
By the way, when the water content of the fermenter contents in the state where the above-mentioned rotten odor was generated was measured, it was about 60% by weight, and this value was found that the aerobic fermentation in Examples 1 and 2 was carried out smoothly. There was no significant difference from the amount of water in the state in which it was used.

Comparative Example 3 Except that no decomposed bacterial bed was added to the garbage, and the crushed rice hulls shown in the photograph of FIG. The fermentation apparatus was operated under the same conditions as in Examples 1 and 2 to perform garbage disposal. Table 3 shows the operation results.

[0070]

[Table 3]

As is evident from Table 3, from about the ninth day, one week after the first day of the operation, a rise in the temperature in the center of the fermentation tank due to the progress of the fermentation reaction began to be observed.
It can be seen that a full-scale decomposition reaction is progressing from around the day. From this fact, compared to the decomposed bacterial bed of the present invention shown in Example 1, the crushed rice husk has a decomposing action of garbage by aerobic fermentation, but the reaction starts up. Can be seen to be considerably slower than in the case of the degrading bacterial bed. As a result, it is considered that in Example 2, when the ground rice hulls were added, the decomposition reaction was delayed, and the reaction center was shifted to the rear of the fermenter.

The discharge of the decomposition residue started on the 18th day from the start of the operation. Most of the discharge was the unfermented residue of rice husks, and the raw garbage was completely decomposed so as not to retain the original form. Was progressing. Further, during the continuation of this operation, the odor in the fermentation tank was checked as appropriate. However, no unpleasant odor was found, and the fermentation odor was the same as in Examples 1 and 2. Also, during the treatment, the mixture of the object in the fermenter was picked up and observed,
Although it is moist as a whole, it does not adhere to the hand, but even if you hold it firmly with your hand to make a lump, the adhesion between the particles is extremely weak, and when you release your hand it will be dispersed immediately, It can be seen that the crushed rice hulls absorbs the moisture in the garbage to give the garbage an appropriate degree of drying, and also prevents aggregation of the garbage particles and the anaerobic fermentation due to this.

As is apparent from Comparative Example 3, the crushed rice husk itself has the aerobic fermentation treatment function of garbage, but the rising speed in the initial stage of the reaction is slow, and the humus and humus of the present invention are not cultivated. It can be seen that the use of the pulverized material can greatly increase the starting speed. However, since the crushed material of the rice hulls absorbs the moisture in the garbage and gives the mixture to be treated an appropriate degree of dryness to ensure air permeability and to maintain stable aerobic fermentation conditions, It is effective as a fermentation aid to be used together with the degrading bacterial bed. As the fermentation aid, wheat straw, rice straw, hay, hay and the like obtained by grinding and crushing while being pressurized by the above-mentioned screw crushing device have the same effect as the above rice hulls.

As is clear from the above Examples and Comparative Examples, in the method of the present invention, good aerobic fermentation was carried out without adding any commercially available aerobic bacteria. . This fact is thought to be due to the fact that aerobic fermentation bacteria that have settled on humus and humus mainly act on garbage to ferment and decompose garbage. on the other hand,
Even when crushed sawdust and rice hulls were carried out under the same conditions, aerobic fermentation occurred at first, and it was found that aerobic fermentation bacteria adhering to the garbage itself and airy bacteria present in the blasted air were good. Although it can be seen that the aerial fermentation bacteria also act on the garbage and contribute to the fermentation decomposition, considering that the decomposition reaction rise speed is overwhelmingly faster when using the decomposition bacterial bed of the present invention,
It is clear that the aerobic fermenters that live on the humus and humus and that are indeed active in the decomposition reaction make a great contribution.

However, untreated humus and humus soils are extremely low in water absorption compared to pulverized ones, so that they continuously absorb moisture in garbage and give garbage an appropriate degree of dryness. Therefore, the mixture to be treated is apt to be sticky, so that the mixture is agglomerated, so that it is difficult to supply a suitable amount of air between the garbage particles, and sufficient aerobic fermentation conditions are not established. It is presumed that it was. on the other hand,
Sawdust alone is relatively excellent in water absorption, so temporary aerobic fermentation can be achieved, but not only is it difficult to maintain it continuously, but also a large amount of sawdust is required, and a large amount of sawdust is collected. Because of the labor involved, it can be seen that this is not a practical measure.

In Example 2 above, crushed rice hulls were used as a fermentation aid together with the decomposed bacterial bed. However, crushed straw, hay and hay were crushed using the above-mentioned screw crusher. As described above, the same effect can be obtained when a material is used.

[0077]

As described above, according to the present invention, the humus or humus is used as a decomposing fungus bed by crushing the humus or humus and increasing the water absorption, or the husk, rice straw, wheat straw, hay is used for this. The aerobic fermentation of garbage can be produced by using at least one kind of ground material of dead grass as a fermentation aid and mixing it with garbage. Eliminates the need for bacteria.
Therefore, the cost required for garbage disposal is greatly reduced.

Also, the amount of the discharged matter from the fermenter is
It is about 20% of the total input material, and most of the discharged materials are the decomposed bacterial beds and fermentation aids that have increased in weight due to absorption of moisture. Therefore, it is possible to put it again in the fermentation tank, so that it is expected that the garbage will be completely eliminated as much as possible.

Further, since the discharged materials are fermentation residues of raw garbage and fermentation residues of humus and humus which can be used as fertilizers or residues of fermentation aids which are natural products such as crushed rice hulls, the total amount of the discharged materials is not changed. Can also be used as compost. In particular, rice husks, rice straw, wheat straw, dead grass, etc., which have been mainly incinerated because they are difficult to rot, are destroyed in the process of producing fermentation aids, have increased hygroscopicity, and have a process of processing garbage. Since the fermentation decomposition is partially progressing,
These fermentation aids themselves also have a high decomposition rate when sprayed as compost in a field, and have the effect of two birds per stone in that they can also compost rice hulls, rice straw, wheat straw, dead grass and the like.

Further, since no special aerobic bacteria are used, it is not necessary to discuss the safety of the aerobic bacteria in fields and agricultural crops even when fermentation residues are used as compost, and there is no resistance in ordinary farmers. It has an easy-to-accept advantage.

When a special aerobic bacterium is used, the environment must be optimal for the bacterium, and the characteristics of the garbage and the characteristics of the local environment are often problematic. However, in the present invention, various aerobic fermenters attached to humus or humus (having settled and undergoing decomposition work) are used. Because it is suitable for the local environment, the operating conditions of the processing equipment are extremely flexible, and no special specialists or special operating conditions are required. This is a great advantage. In this regard, in the first and second embodiments, only the rotation speed and the blowing speed of the fermentation tank were set as the operation conditions of the apparatus, and the raw garbage to be charged was added without any modification, and simply added. It will be easily understood from the fact that the amounts of the decomposing bacteria bed and the fermentation aid to be processed are only appropriately adjusted according to the water content of the mixture to be treated.

In sawdust that has been conventionally used as a bed of bacteria, it is difficult to maintain and maintain the aerobic fermentation even if the fermentation is performed smoothly. The water absorption of the garbage is given by the water absorption of the decomposing bacteria bed and the fermentation aid, and the garbage is given an appropriate degree of dryness. Naturally, ensuring the degree of operation makes it extremely easy to manage the operation of the equipment, saves labor including unmanned operation at night, and expects a remarkable effect to facilitate the introduction of such garbage disposal equipment. Is done.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing an example of an organic waste fermentation treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a main part on a raw material input side of the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of a main part of a fermentation residue discharge side of the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a time chart showing an example of operating conditions of the apparatus of FIG. 1, wherein (A) is a time chart of intermittent rotation of the fermenter, and (B) is a time chart showing a change in displacement of forced exhaust. It is.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a principal part of an example of a screw-type pulverizer for performing pulverization of a degrading bacterial bed and a fermentation aid used in the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a photograph showing the appearance of humus, which is an example of a degrading bacterial bed used in the present invention, before and after pulverization.

FIG. 7 is a photograph of a crushed rice hull as an example of a fermentation aid used in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fermenter 1a Fermenter rotating drum 2 Material input hopper 3 Residue discharge duct 4 Jacket 5 Fixed side plate 5a Material input opening 6 Fixed side plate 6a Fermentation residue discharge opening 7 Supply port 8 Exhaust port 9 Exhaust duct 10 Exhaust fan 11 Deodorization Agent 13 motor 14 speed reducer 15 rotation shaft 16 stirring blade 17 support roller 19 heater 20 speed reducer

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[Procedure amendment]

[Date of submission] October 16, 2000 (2000.10.
16)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Name of invention

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Patent application title: METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TREATMENT OF ORGANIC WASTE
And degraded bacterial bed pulverized product used in the treatment method and the treatment method
Compost obtained by the method

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Claims]

[Procedure amendment 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0001

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for fermenting organic wastes such as garbage, and an apparatus for use in the fermentation method.
The present invention relates to an auxiliary material and a compost obtained by the fermentation method , and more particularly to a method of decomposing organic matter by an aerobic fermentation utilizing an aerobic fermenter present in nature, and a method for the fermentation. It relates to an apparatus used for processing.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0010

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

In view of the above problems, the present invention does not require the purchase of a specific aerobic fermentation bacterium, and is stable by adding only a small amount of additives to organic waste such as garbage. An aerobic fermentation is possible, the operation cost of the apparatus is low, a low-cost and safe processing method, an apparatus used for the processing method, a degrading bacterial bed used for the processing method, and the like are provided.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a compost obtained by the processing method described above.

[Procedure amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0011

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0011]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made based on such a viewpoint, and a feature of the treatment method is that organic wastes such as garbage are added to humus or humus or humus. A crushed product of a degrading bacterial bed containing a degrading bacterium comprising these mixtures is added and mixed, and the resulting mixture to be treated is decomposed in an aerobic atmosphere. As a result, the decomposing bacteria attached to the humus or humus can be used as it is, so that it is possible to perform an aerobic fermentation treatment with less fermentation residue without adding and mixing special bacteria.

[Procedure amendment 6]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0022

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0022] Incidentally, per To use humus or leaf mold containing these degrading bacteria, while others had keep the shape of the leaves intact, because and poor dispersibility low hygroscopicity, it added directly mixed This requires a large amount of humus and humus. Therefore, in the present invention, humus, humus or a mixture thereof containing these degrading bacteria (hereinafter collectively referred to as "degrading bacteria bed" in the present invention) is crushed to increase the specific surface area, thereby increasing water absorption. was large and and the manner used pulverized product was good dispersibility.

[Procedure amendment 7]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0079

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0079] In addition, effluent, originally a fermentation residue of garbage compost
Since it is a fermentation residue of humus and humus that can be used as fertilizer or a residue of a fermentation aid that is a natural product such as crushed rice husk, the entire amount can be used as it is as compost. In particular, rice husks, rice straw, wheat straw, dead grass, etc., which have been mainly incinerated because they are difficult to rot, are destroyed in the process of producing fermentation aids, have increased hygroscopicity, and have a process of processing garbage. Since the fermentation decomposition is partially progressing,
These fermentation aids themselves also have a high decomposition rate when sprayed as compost in a field, and have the effect of two birds per stone in that they can also compost rice hulls, rice straw, wheat straw, dead grass and the like.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Matsuoka 2F, Shinma Kozo Co., Ltd., 1682 Honimacho, Ogaki City, Gifu Prefecture 4H061 AA02 AA03 CC41 CC55 CC58 DD20 EE52 EE61 EE66 EE70 GG13 GG14 GG16 GG41 GG43 GG47 GG49 GG67 LL05 LL25 LL26

Claims (17)

[Claims] An organic waste such as garbage is mixed with a pulverized material of a decomposed bacterial bed containing a decomposed bacterium comprising humus or humus or a mixture thereof, and the mixture to be treated is subjected to an aerobic atmosphere. Treatment method of organic waste characterized by decomposition treatment 2. The pulverized product of the decomposed bacterial bed is pulverized while being crushed while pressing the decomposed bacterial bed with a screw-type pulverizer, whereby the residual plant fiber tissue in the degraded bacterial bed is destroyed and water is absorbed. Claim 1 wherein the property is enhanced.
Treatment method of organic waste described in 3. The organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the pulverized product of the degrading bacteria bed is added and mixed at a ratio of 3 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organic waste. Processing method 4. The method for treating organic waste according to claim 3, wherein the ratio of the pulverized product of the degrading bacterial bed to the organic waste is 5 to 10 parts by weight. 5. Grinding rice hulls, rice straw, wheat straw, hay, hay or any mixture of these while pressing and grinding with a screw-type crusher to destroy plant fiber tissue and increase water absorption. The crushed material is added to the mixture to be processed as a fermentation aid.
A method for treating organic waste according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation aid is mixed with the organic waste 10.
6. The method for treating organic waste according to claim 5, wherein the mixture is added and mixed at a ratio of 30 parts by weight or less to 0 parts by weight. 7. The method for treating organic waste according to claim 6, wherein the ratio of the fermentation aid to the organic waste is 5 to 10 parts by weight. 8. The method for treating organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the mixture is fermented while applying a stirring force to the mixture. 9. The method for treating an organic waste according to claim 8, wherein the mixture to be treated is intermittently stirred. 10. The method for treating organic waste according to claim 9, wherein a ratio of a period of the intermittent stirring to a period of the standing is 1:10 to 1: 180. 11. The method for treating organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation treatment is carried out while forcibly ventilating the inside of the fermenter containing the mixture. 12. The method for treating organic waste according to claim 1, wherein a part or all of the discharge from the fermenter is supplied again into the fermenter. 13. A fermenter (1) horizontally and rotatably switched in a forward / reverse direction, a raw material input section (2, 5a) formed at one end of the fermenter (1), and the fermenter. A residue discharge section (3, 6a) formed at the other end of (1), a housing (4) arranged so as to surround the outer surface of the fermenter (1), and a fermenter (1). Ventilation means (9, 10) for ventilating the water, and stirring means (15, 16) for stirring the object to be treated in the fermenter (1). Fermentation aid consisting of crushed decomposed bacterial bed composed of municipal waste and humus or humus or a mixture thereof and, if necessary, one or more crushed rice husks, rice straw, wheat straw, dead grass or hay; And the organic waste is fermented and decomposed in an aerobic atmosphere in the fermentation tank (1). The residue discharge section (3, 6
Organic waste treatment apparatus characterized by being discharged from a) 14. An opening (5a) for feeding raw material, which is always opened at a position deviated from the center of the fermenter (1), is formed at one end of the fermenter (1). A material input hopper (2) is connected through the housing (4), and a lid member (24) that can be opened and closed is disposed at a material input port at the tip of the material input hopper (2). The other end of (1) is formed with a residue discharge opening (6a) which is always opened at a position deviated from the center of the fermenter (1), like the raw material charging opening (5a). (6
In (a), a fermentation residue discharge duct (3) is formed so as to protrude to the outside through the housing (4), and the fermentation residue is discharged from the residue discharge opening (6a) when the fermenter (1) is reversed. The organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the organic waste is discharged. 15. The forced ventilation means includes an intake port appropriately formed in the housing (4), and an air inlet formed in the housing (4).
An intake port (7) formed on the upper surface of the fermentation residue discharge duct (3) for communicating the inside with the fermentation tank (1) via the fermentation residue discharge duct (3), and an exhaust fan ( 10) an exhaust duct (9), and an upper surface of the material input hopper (2) for communicating the exhaust duct (9) and the inside of the fermenter (1) via the material input hopper (2). 15. The organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the organic waste treatment apparatus is formed from an exhaust port (8) formed in the organic waste. 16. An organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 13, wherein a deodorant (11) is arranged at an appropriate position in the exhaust duct (9). 17. A rotating shaft (15) disposed through the fermenter (1) and the stirring shaft (1).
The organic waste treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 16, comprising a plurality of stirring blades (16) arranged in (5).