JP2001078675A - Straw treated with effective microorganisms and treatment of straw - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain straw treated with an effective microorganism group, capable of controlling growth of molds harmful to domestic animals without deteriorating qualities of straw and treating the straw in a short time without being affected by weather, useful for a feed, etc., by spraying a straw with an effective microorganisms. SOLUTION: A straw such as rice straw, wheat straw, etc., is sprayed with effective microorganisms capable of removing molds harmful to domestic animals and harmless to human body, e.g. lactic acid bacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus, Propionibacterium, etc., photosynthetic bacteria such as Rhodoseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, etc., filamentous fungi belonging to the genus Mucor such as Mucor hiemalis, etc., actinomycetes belonging to the genus Streptomyces, Streptoverticillium, etc., yeast belonging to the genus Saccharomyces, Candida, etc. Preferably the straw is treated by spraying the straw with the effective microorganisms.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an effective microorganism group (E)
effective Micro-organisms;
(Hereinafter referred to as EM) processing straw and a processing method of the straw.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, molds and the like harmful to livestock are mixed in straw for livestock feed or for tatami floors in livestock sheds. Alternatively, when used as a tatami floor, it causes livestock diarrhea and disease. To prevent this, for example, sun drying or fumigation has been performed for the purpose of killing mold before feeding straw to livestock.

[0003] However, the above-mentioned sun drying method has disadvantages that it requires a long time in addition to being affected by the weather. In addition, the fumigation method has a drawback that the quality of the straw itself as a feed deteriorates.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, to suppress the growth of fungi harmful to livestock, and to reduce the effects of the weather in a short time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of treating straw, which can be processed and does not cause deterioration of the quality of straw, and an EM treated straw obtained by the method.

[0005]

The above object can be attained by a straw for treating an effective microorganism group, which is obtained by spraying a straw with an effective microorganism group according to the present invention. The present invention also relates to a method for treating straw, comprising spraying an effective microorganism group on straw.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS According to the straw processing method of the present invention,
It can suppress the growth of mold harmful to livestock. In the present specification, the above-mentioned “fungus harmful to livestock” refers to a disease of livestock (eg, diarrhea) when straw containing the mold is given to livestock or used as a tatami floor.
Means mold that causes Examples of the “mould harmful to livestock” include, for example, Penicilliu
m), a bacterium belonging to the genus Aspergillus, a bacterium belonging to the genus Phyllachora, a bacterium belonging to the genus Alternaria, a bacterium belonging to the genus Arthrobtrys, or a genus Oligostora. ).

Straw which can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and for example, straw generally used for feed of livestock or for tatami floors of livestock barn, for example, rice straw or wheat straw. Can be mentioned.

The effective microorganism group (EM) used in the present invention includes, among microorganisms classified into five groups, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, filamentous fungi, actinomycetes, and yeasts, only microorganisms that are harmless to the human body. It was done. Here, “microorganisms that are harmless to the human body” means, for example, microorganisms that are harmless even when ingested into the human body by eating and drinking. In addition, the EM includes:
It does not include "molds harmful to livestock." The EM is preferably a group of microorganisms containing bacteria selected from at least one of each of the five groups. Also,
The EM is preferably a culture solution obtained by culturing (particularly, tank cultivation) various kinds of microorganisms classified into the five groups, and furthermore, a culture solution in which aerobic microorganisms and anaerobic microorganisms coexist. Is more preferable.

The lactic acid bacteria include, for example, Lactobacillus, Propionobacterium,
nibacterium), Pediococcus (Pediococcus), or bacteria belonging to each genus Streptococcus (Streptococcus), for example, Lactobacillus bulgaricus (Lactobaci
llus bulgaricus), Propionibacterium freudenreichii, Pediococcus halophilu
s), Streptococcus lactis
tis) or Streptococcus faecalis (Strepto
coccus faecalis).

The photosynthetic bacteria include, for example,
Rhodoseudomonas (Rhodoseudomonas), rhodospirillum (Rhodospirillum), chromatium (Chromatium), or chlorobium (Chlorobium) bacteria belonging to each genus, for example,
Rhodoseudomonas spheroides
sphaeroides), Rhodospiri rubrum (Rhodospiri)
llum rubrum), Chromatium oken
ii) or Chlorobium limicol
a) can be exemplified.

[0011] Examples of the filamentous fungi include bacteria belonging to the genus Mucor, for example, Mucor hiemalis.

The actinomycetes include, for example, Streptomyces, Streptomyces
eptoverticillium), Nocardia, Micromonospora, or Rhodococcus (Rhodo
coccus) belonging to each genus, for example, Streptomyces albus (Streptomyces albus), Streptoverticillium baldachi (Streptoverticillium baldaccii),
Nocardia asteroide
s), Micromonosporachalc
ea), or Rhodococcus rh.
odochorous).

Further, the yeast may be, for example, a bacterium belonging to each genus of Saccharomyces or Candida, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
charomyces cerevisiae), Saccharomyces lactis (S
accharomyces lactis) or Candida utilis
(Candida utilis).

As the EM, from the above five groups,
An appropriate bacterium can be appropriately selected and prepared, or a commercially available EM can be used. Commercially available EMs include, for example, EM1, EM2, EM3, and EM4. The EM2 is mainly composed of actinomycetes, the EM3 is mainly composed of photosynthetic bacteria, and the EM4 is mainly composed of lactic acid bacteria and yeast. Yes, and the EM1 contains 5 groups of bacteria evenly.

The straw for treating an effective microorganism group according to the present invention comprises the E
M can be obtained by spraying straw. The straw may be, for example, a straw immediately after cutting or a straw stored in that state, or a straw that has been subjected to one or more types of processing (for example, cut or dried) at an appropriate stage after cutting. Can be used.

In the present invention, the method of spraying EM onto straw is not particularly limited, and it can be carried out, for example, by spraying EM suspension by means of EM suspension spraying. As the EM suspension, for example, E
The M culture solution itself or a EM culture solution diluted with an appropriate suspending solvent (eg, water) can be used, and the EM culture solution diluted with water (suspension in water) is used. Is preferred.

As the EM suspension spraying means, for example, a straw moving on a suitable moving means (for example, a belt conveyor) may be moved from above and / or below the EM suspension. Spraying means capable of spraying a turbid liquid or spraying means capable of dropping the EM suspension in a mist from above. The spray amount of the EM suspension is not particularly limited, but if the amount of water is large, there is a possibility that the mold will grow. Therefore, it is preferable that the straw is wet.

In the present invention, the straw immediately after spraying EM (hereinafter referred to as EM spray straw) is usually packed through a compression and packing process so that it can be shipped. In the present invention, immediately after spraying EM, it is possible to suppress the growth of mold harmful to livestock by the action of EM, and, of course, the EM spray straw immediately after spraying EM, Included in EM treated straw. Moreover, EM
Immediately after spraying the EM, the EM-treated straw of the present invention is observed to give a weight gain effect and a meat quality improving effect when given to livestock as feed after a period in which EM can sufficiently grow. Is also useful as livestock feed. The period required for the EM to grow sufficiently is usually 3 to 4 weeks, and for example, it is expected that the EM will grow sufficiently during distribution in the packaged state. Therefore, the EM-treated straw of the present invention can suppress the growth of mold during distribution and storage, and is also excellent as a livestock feed.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a straw processing apparatus capable of carrying out the method of the present invention. A straw processing apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a belt conveyor 1, an EM suspension spraying unit 2 installed on the belt conveyor 1, a motor 3 for driving the belt conveyor 1, a control unit 4, an inverter, 5 and a hood 6 installed behind the EM suspension spraying means.

The belt conveyor 1 is driven by a motor 3, and the belt travels in a direction indicated by an arrow A in FIG. The speed of the motor 3 is controlled by the inverter 5. On the belt conveyor 1, a straw 9 has a thickness of about 2 to 3 cm, for example, so that the stems of the straw are substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the belt in an unwrapped “loose state”.
About to be placed. On the straw 9, a means for suppressing the straw 9 from scattering or coming into contact with the EM suspension spraying means 2, for example, a chain can be placed.

The control unit 4 includes a microcomputer and is connected to the EM suspension spraying means 2 and the inverter 5 in addition to the external commercial power supply 8. Control unit 4
Can control the amount of water sprayed on the EM suspension 20 from the EM suspension spraying means 2 by external input means such as a keyboard or a switch (not shown). The straw 9 to which the EM suspension has been sprinkled is once lowered from the belt conveyor 1 or sent to the next processing step (not shown), for example, through a compression and packing step. Packed in a state that can be shipped.

[0022]

According to the method of the present invention, straw can be processed in a short time without being affected by the weather, and without causing deterioration of the quality of the straw. Moreover, the EM-treated straw of the present invention suppresses the growth of mold and is excellent as livestock feed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing one embodiment of a straw processing apparatus that can be used in the straw processing method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... straw processing device; 1 ... belt conveyor; 2
... EM suspension spraying means; 20 ... EM suspension; 3
... Motor; 4 ... Control unit; 5 ... Inverter;
6 hood; 8 external commercial power supply; 9 straw.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. Straw treated with an effective microorganism group, which is obtained by spraying the straw with an effective microorganism group. 2. A method for treating straw, comprising spraying the straw with an effective microorganism group.