JP2001055579A - Stove or boiler combined with carbonization furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stove or boiler combined with a carbonization furnace, in which a long-term-stable heat source, that can be used as a secondary heat source, is obtained from timbers used as a fuel, and simultaneously a charcoal is obtained at a good carbonization rate, and to and from which the carbonization material can be charged and discharged easily. SOLUTION: This stove or boiler combined with a carbonization furnace comprises an opening 3 for charging and discharging a combustion material and/or a carbonization material to and from a combustion chamber 2 and a lid 4 that can be opened and closed, both of which are provided at one side end of the combustion chamber 2, and further comprises an intake air control means 4, an upper flue gas nozzle 5 provided in the vicinity of the upper end of the inner most part of the combustion chamber 2, a lower flue gas nozzle 6, serving also as a second intake air nozzle, provided in the vicinity of the lower end thereof, and opening and closing means (52, 62) for opening and closing the flue gas nozzles. The interior of the combustion chamber is divided into a heating room 8 on the side of the opening and a carbonization room 9 on the side of the inner most part of the chamber. An air control plate 7, which permits air to flow through a number of small venting holes provided by perforation, is arranged removably.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stove and a boiler serving also as a carbonization furnace.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a stove using wood such as firewood, waste wood and sawdust as a fuel, the fuel burns in a relatively short time. It needed to be reheated, which was troublesome. In addition, since it is difficult to control the amount of generated heat, it has not been used much in heating applications. Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-119101 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-18402 describe that a flue gas is bypassed to suppress the burning speed and perform heating for a long time. There was a limit naturally because of the combustion configuration.

On the other hand, in recent years, the function of charcoal as a solid fuel for special use focusing on far-infrared radiation characteristics or as an adsorbent has been reviewed. For the purpose of producing such charcoal with a small-scale facility, Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-75036 and Japanese Patent No. 2676457 disclose portable carbonization furnaces, all of which are large-scale. It was not easy to take in and out the carbonized material.

[0004] In addition, there is a description that charcoal can be burned with the stove described in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 58-119101, but in the configuration of the document, most of the firewood is ashed, and the coal recovery rate cannot be expected much.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a stable heat source for a long time while using wood as fuel, and at the same time, obtains charcoal. Another object of the present invention is to provide a stove and a boiler that can also serve as a carbonization furnace that can be used as a simple heat source, have a good coal recovery rate, and can easily take in and out a carbonized material. It is.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems An opening for taking in and out a fuel material and / or a carbon material into and from the combustion chamber, and a lid capable of closing the opening are provided at one end of the combustion chamber having a horizontal cylindrical shape. ,
Air supply adjusting means for adjusting the opening degree of the lid body or the opening degree of a separately provided air supply port, while the upper side of the combustion chamber located on the opposite side of the opening has an upper smoke exhaust The mouth was provided with a lower smoke exhaust port serving also as a second air supply port near the lower end, and an opening / closing means for opening and closing each smoke exhaust port was provided. In addition, near the opening in the combustion chamber, the inside of the combustion chamber is divided into a heating chamber on the opening side and a carbonization chamber on the back side, and a large number of small air holes allow air to flow. An air control plate is provided detachably.

The air control plate is slidably provided in the combustion chamber, and the heating chamber has a surface and an upper surface almost in full contact with the air control plate, and faces the opening of the combustion chamber. It is preferable that a fuel material receiving member having an air inlet opening near the lower end is detachably provided. In the above configuration, the opening is to be open over the entire cross section of the combustion chamber, and a tray for placing the carbonized material is laid on the inner bottom surface of the carbonized chamber, and the carbonized material can be taken in and out together with the tray. It is preferred to do so.

[0008] Further, at the upper end of the vertical cylindrical combustion chamber, there is provided an opening through which fuel and / or carbonized material is put in and taken out of the twisting chamber, and a lid capable of closing the opening. An air supply port provided with an air supply control valve is provided at the lower end of one side of the combustion chamber, and an upper smoke exhaust port is provided near the upper end of the other side of the combustion chamber opposite to the air supply port. In each of the sections, a lower smoke exhaust port also serving as a second air supply port was provided, and an opening / closing means for opening and closing each smoke exhaust port was provided. A can body is provided on the lower surface of the lid that closes the opening, and a water absorption tank that supplies a predetermined amount of water into the can body through a water absorption pipe penetrating the lid is provided on the upper surface side of the lid. On the other hand, a boiler unit provided with a steam supply pipe penetrating through the lid from the can body to the outside, and introducing the steam supply pipe to the upper end of the chemical liquid tank, and from the vicinity of the inner bottom of the chemical liquid tank to the outside. A feed pipe was provided, and a chemical sprayer was provided with a spray nozzle at the end of the feed pipe.

[0009]

1 to 3 show a stove 1 serving also as a carbonization furnace according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the drawing, a stove 1 has a whole opening 3 at one end of a combustion chamber 2 having a horizontal cylindrical shape, and a lid 4 for closing the opening 3 is provided so that the combustion chamber 2 can be sealed.

The peripheral wall of the combustion chamber 2 is made up of a triple layer of a corrosion-resistant metal plate such as stainless steel, and a heat insulating material such as rock wool, glass wool or ceramic fiber is provided between the cylindrical inner cylinder 21 and the middle cylinder 22. While 24 is filled,
An air layer 25 is formed between the middle cylinder 22 and the outer cylinder 23 having a flat angled top and bottom. And each cylinder 2
The reference numerals 1, 22 and 23 are integrated at an end plate 26 around the opening 3.

The lid 4 is composed of an inner plate 41 and an outer plate 42 doubly, and a layer of the same heat insulating material 43 is filled between the layers. The lid 4 is connected to the main body (end plate 26) of the combustion chamber 2 by a hinge 44 at an upper end portion, and is opened from below, and a lever provided on the lid 4 as shown in FIG. 45, the engaging member 4 provided on the combustion chamber main body end plate 26.
The cover 4 can be fully closed or slightly opened depending on the position where the cover 4 is engaged with the engagement groove 47 having a plurality of steps. In addition, an air supply cylinder (not shown) penetrating the lower part of the lid 4 or the lower surface near the opening 3 of the combustion chamber 2 may be separately provided, and a valve for adjusting the opening degree may be provided in the air supply cylinder. . Also, 48
Is a window for checking the inside of the combustion chamber 2 and is made of heat-resistant glass or the like.

The upper end and the lower end of the other end (the innermost part) of the combustion chamber 2 are respectively provided with upper and lower smoke outlets 5 and 5 by passing through the cylinders projecting from the inner cylinder 21 to the outside. 6 are formed, and chimneys 51 and 61 are respectively connected to them.

Each of the smoke outlets 5 and 6 is a valve 52, 62 (rotating along the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 2 (the inner bottom surface of the inner cylinder 21) about a rotating shaft 53, 63, respectively. It can be closed by an opening / closing means, and the opening degree can be adjusted. These valves 52 and 62 are operated by a handle from the outside. When the valves are fully closed, it is preferable that the valves 52 and 62 are completely sealed by being pressed against the inner wall surface by a wedge-shaped inclined surface (not shown) or the like. The valves 52 and 62 may be of a type other than those described above, for example, a butterfly valve or the like, and may be provided outside the combustion chamber 2, at the exhaust outlets 5 and 6, or at the outlets of the chimneys 51 and 61, or the like.

The lower smoke outlet 6 is provided in the combustion chamber 2 so that wood vinegar, tar and the like generated in the combustion chamber 2 can be collected in a wood vinegar liquid recovery container 65 through a conduit 64 provided in the chimney 61. Connected lower than the inner bottom. The wood vinegar liquid collected in the upper smoke exhaust port 5 and the chimney 51 is also collected in the wood vinegar liquid recovery container 65 through the conduit 54. If it is necessary to raise the chimneys 51 and 61 due to the installation environment or the like, the chimney 61 connected to the lower smoke outlet 6 is provided with an opening 66 (discontinuous portion) in the middle, and a lower smoke outlet described later is provided. A hood 67 is provided to allow air to be supplied from the hood 6 and prevent smoke from flowing out from the opening 66. When the stove 1 is installed indoors, it is preferable to arrange the opening 66 and the wood vinegar liquid recovery container 65 outside the room such that the horizontal portions of the chimneys 51 and 61 penetrate the indoor wall surface.

On the other hand, the inside of the combustion chamber 2 is partitioned by an air control plate 7 into a heating chamber 8 and a carbonization chamber 9. As shown in FIG. 3, the air control plate 7 has ventilation holes 71 formed in a uniform distribution on the entire surface of a disk-shaped metal plate in accordance with the cross-sectional shape of the combustion chamber 2, and a flange 72 is formed on the periphery thereof. Is formed, it can be slidably fitted and fixed to the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 2 and can be taken out from the opening 3 by opening the lid 4. Further, a fuel receiver 10 is provided on the front surface of the air control plate 7 and on the side of the heating chamber 8.

The fuel material receiver 10 is basically in the form of a substantially semi-cylindrical container, but the surface in contact with the air control plate 7 is entirely open, and hooks 11, 11 provided at the upper ends on both sides are air-controlled. It is detachably fixed to the air control plate 7 by engaging with a long hole 73 provided at a corresponding position of the plate 7. In addition, hook 1
Of course, other shapes may be used as long as the configuration is such that the holes 1 and 11 and the elongated holes 73 and 73 can be locked to each other. An air inlet 12 is opened on the front side of the bottom of the fuel receiver 10. The upper and lower halves of the air control plate 7 have doors 74,
75 is provided so as to be openable and closable so that a fuel material can be supplied to the carbonization chamber 9 side as necessary when carbonization is not performed. At this time, the air control plate 7 prevents the sparks and the like from falling from the opening 3. . The lower door 75 is convenient for discharging residue and ash.

A tray 13 made of a metal plate curved in a substantially semi-cylindrical shape is laid on the back side of the air control plate 7 and the lower half of the carbonization chamber 9. The work can be easily performed by placing the tray 13 and taking it in and out of the combustion chamber 2 (carbonization chamber 9) together with the tray 13. Further, the bottom of the inner cylinder of the combustion chamber 2 is protected by the tray 13, so that the useful life of the combustion chamber 2 can be increased. Further, in the illustrated example, locking members 76 are provided on both sides of the air control plate 7, the air control plate 7 is fitted inside the tray 13, and the locking members 76 are attached to the tray 1.
The air control plate 7 is slidable on the tray 13 by engaging with the upper edge portions 13a on both sides of the carbon material 3. When the length of the carbon material is short or the amount is small, the air control plate 7 is adjusted accordingly. To adjust the size of the carbonization chamber 9. The locking member 76 can be omitted. Note that the tray 13 may be laid only on the carbonization chamber 9 side or omitted, and the air control plate 7 may be directly fitted into the combustion chamber 2 and slidable along the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 2.

A wood vinegar liquid collecting member 14 is detachably fitted and fixed to the innermost part of the combustion chamber 2. The wood vinegar liquid collecting member 14 has a punched metal shape or a lattice shape in which a number of air holes are formed in a metal plate, and the wood vinegar liquid collecting member 14 secures a flue at the innermost part of the combustion chamber 2 and is made of carbon material. In addition to preventing the smoke exhaust ports 5 and 6 from being blocked or intersecting with the valves 52 and 62, it has a function of condensing and collecting wood vinegar from smoke (wood gas) generated in a coal making process described later. .

A heat transfer plate 16 made of a metal plate having good thermal conductivity is laminated on the upper half of the outer surface of the cylinder 21 of the combustion chamber, and a water heating pipe 15 is provided along the upper surface thereof. . The water heating pipe 15 is oriented parallel to the lateral direction (the direction of the generatrix of the cylindrical combustion chamber 2), and is connected to one end so as to be folded at both ends as shown in FIG. The water introduced from the side is heated and sent out from the other end (upper side), and can be used for hot water supply equipment and floor heating (not shown).

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the inner cylinder 21 and the middle cylinder 22 forming the combustion chamber 2 have a cylindrical shape and a circular cross section has been described.
In this case, the air control plate 7, the fuel material receiver 10, the tray 13, the wood vinegar liquid collecting member 14 and the like which are fitted into the combustion chamber 2 all have the same shape. Conversely, the outer cylinder 23 may be cylindrical.

Further, the upper part of the outer cylinder 23 indicated by 23a in FIG. 2 is divided and made separate and openable, and a sheet-like heat insulating material (2) is provided around the inner cylinder 21 and the water heating pipe 15.
4), and further covered with a band-shaped thin metal plate (22) instead of the rigid middle cylinder 22, and a heat-resistant belt or wire (not shown) is wound and fastened to fix it in a detachable state. You may do it. Thereby, the water heating pipe 1
5 can be easily maintained.

Next, the combustion / coal making process of the stove 1 based on the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

First, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), a carbonized material A such as firewood is loaded into a carbonized chamber 9, and an air control plate 7 and a fuel material receiver 1 are provided.
After fitting 0, the fuel material B such as a wooden tip is put into the fuel material receiver 10. The upper smoke outlet 5 and the lower smoke outlet 6
When the ignition material C (ignited charcoal, etc.) is put on the fuel material B in the opened state and the lid 4 is closed as shown in FIG. 4B, the fuel material B is ignited and the fuel material B is ignited. Is discharged from the chimney 51 connected to the upper exhaust port 5 with vigor.

On the other hand, the combustion air flows from the opening 66 of the chimney 61 connected to the lower smoke outlet 6 to the heating chamber 8 via the chimney 61, the lower smoke outlet 6, the carbonization chamber 9, and the air control plate 7. (Fuel material receiver 10), and is heated by the heat of combustion of the fuel material B.
And the temperature in the carbonization chamber 9 rises. Since the heating chamber 8 and the carbonization chamber 9 are separated by the air control plate 7, heat and air can be moved between them. However, the flame of the fuel material B ignites the carbon material A and carbonizes. Material A does not burn directly. In this way, air is supplied from the lower smoke outlet 6 and the upper smoke outlet 5
Since the supply of air and the exhaust gas are good by exhausting smoke from the air, the ignition is reliable and easy, the combustion of the fuel material B is good, and the heating efficiency is improved by the transfer of heat through the air control plate 7. Therefore, the time required to raise the temperature to the temperature required for ignition and carbonization of the carbonized material A is shortened, and the amount of the fuel material B can be reduced.

As the temperature in the carbonization chamber 9 rises, hemicellulose and the like in the carbonization material A (wood) begin to decompose first, and then when the temperature in the carbonization chamber 9 exceeds 275 ° C. Cellulose as a component is thermally decomposed. Thereafter, spontaneous carbonization proceeds due to the decomposition heat of the carbonized material A itself, which is as high as 150 to 200 kcal per kg of the raw material, and the heating by the fuel material B becomes unnecessary. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4C, the lid 4 is slightly opened to supply a very small amount of air from the heating chamber 8 side to the carbonization chamber 9 via the air control plate 7 while the upper smoke outlet 5 Is fully closed, the lower smoke outlet 6 is opened about 1/3 to 1/4, and the smoke is discharged from the lower smoke outlet 6 to spontaneously carbonize the carbonized material A. still,
The smoke generated in the carbonization chamber 9 is promoted to be discharged from the lower smoke outlet 6 by the action of the chimney 61, so that the smoke does not flow out from the opening of the lid 4.

The inside of the combustion chamber 2 is maintained at a high temperature by the heat of decomposition of the carbon material A and the heat of combustion of the gas generated by the thermal decomposition, and is stable for 20 hours or more depending on the amount of the carbon material A. It can supply various heat sources. Heat generation to the outside is suppressed by the heat insulating structure in which the combustion chamber 2 has a triple structure of the inner cylinder 21, the middle cylinder 22, and the outer cylinder 23 and is filled with a heat insulating material 24 between the layers. Is sufficient, and once the temperature is raised and the process shifts to spontaneous carbonization, handling is easy without any additional heating or complicated operation. still,
If scouring is performed by fully opening the lower smoke exhaust port 6 in the latter stage of carbonization, it is advantageous for improving the carbon quality of the carbonized material A, but it may be omitted when emphasis is placed on heating.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4D, if the lid 4 and the upper and lower smoke outlets 5 and 6 are all closed and the air supply to the inside is shut off, the fire will be extinguished naturally. It can be used as a heat source thereafter. At this time, the water heating pipe 15
Cooling water may be passed through and forced cooling may be performed. After confirming that the inside of the combustion chamber 2 has been completely cooled, the lid 4 is opened, and the air control plate 7 and the fuel material receiver 10 are taken out.
To the outside together with the tray 13.

The charcoal thus obtained can be used not only as a secondary fuel, but also for various purposes such as soil improvement, water purification, and humidity control. At the time of carbonization, the wood vinegar liquid recovery member 14 in the carbonization chamber 9 and the chimneys 51, 6
The wood vinegar liquid collected in the wood vinegar liquid recovery container 65 through the conduits 54 and 64 due to the smoke coming into contact with and coagulating can also be used for various uses including a soil conditioner and a deodorant. Since the wood vinegar liquid recovery member 14 is located at the side end of the carbonization chamber 9,
The wood vinegar solution can be agglomerated in the early stage of carbonization in which the carbonization proceeds from the heating chamber 8 side, but the temperature becomes high in the latter stage of carbonization, and the wood vinegar solution cannot be collected. However, there is an advantage that the tar attached before that can be burned and removed. Further, as described above, the amount of the fuel material B is small, and the ashing of the carbonized material A in the carbonized chamber 9 is suppressed by the action of the air control plate 7, so that the remaining amount of the ash is not so large. Can be used as fertilizer.

In the stove 1 of the above embodiment, the case where the water heating pipe 15 is provided around the combustion chamber 2 has been shown. However, as shown in FIG. 5, the water heating pipe 1 is provided around the chimneys 51 'and 61'.
5 'may be provided, the periphery thereof may be covered with a heat insulating material 17 and a jacket 18, and the waste heat in the chimney may be used for water heating. In addition, the cooling water is circulated through the water heating pipe 15 'so that the chimney 5
By cooling the surroundings of 1 'and 61', the recovery rate of the wood vinegar is improved, which is particularly advantageous for collecting the wood vinegar in summer.

In the case of using only as a stove or boiler without performing coal production, after confirming the ignition, the lid 4 is closed and the combustion for combustion from the lower exhaust port 6 is performed as shown in FIG. If the carbonized material A in the carbonized chamber 9 is burned following the fueled material B while supplying air, the air in the room is not used for combustion, and there is no oxygen deficiency even in a highly airtight room. Also,
The thermal power can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the lower smoke outlet 6. In addition, it is also possible to remove the air control plate 7 and the fuel material receiver 10 and burn firewood, charcoal and the like in the entire combustion chamber 2 and use it as a normal combustion type firewood boiler or firewood stove.

In the above-described first embodiment, the combustion chamber 2 is arranged laterally, and the mode in which combustion / carbonization basically proceeds in the lateral direction has been described. However, the present invention is directed to the second embodiment shown in FIGS. The combustion chamber 202 may be implemented as a vertical stove 201 (and a boiler) as in the embodiment, and will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In the figure, a stove 201 has an upper end of a vertical cylindrical combustion chamber 202 as an opening 203 for taking in and out carbonized material such as fuel and firewood, and the opening 203 is removable. The lid 204 is fitted so that the combustion chamber 202 can be sealed.

The peripheral wall of the combustion chamber 202 is made of a corrosion-resistant metal plate such as stainless steel and has a double cylindrical shape inside and outside.
The space between the outer tube 222 and the outer tube 222 is filled with the same heat insulating material 223 as in the first embodiment. Similarly, the lid 204 is used for the inner plate 24.
Reference numeral 1 denotes an outer plate 242 having a double structure, and a heat insulating material 243 is filled between the layers. The fitting portion 24 of the lid 204
Reference numeral 4 denotes a tapered shape, which is secured with a clamp (not shown) such as a toggle clamp to secure the hermeticity with the opening 203.

On one side (right side in the figure) of the lower end of the combustion chamber 202, an air supply port 211 is opened through the peripheral wall and an air supply control valve 212 is slidably provided. .
As shown in FIG. 7, the air supply control valve 212 is provided on the outer surface side of the air supply port 211 and has an opening 2 corresponding to the air supply port 211.
The guide member 212c having the opening 12b is slidably supported, and the opening of the air supply port 211 and the opening 212b can be adjusted between fully closed and fully opened by gripping and sliding the grip portion 212a. . An air supply control plate 213 having a large number of ventilation holes 214 is provided on the inner surface side of the air supply port 211. Similarly to the air supply control valve 212, the air supply control plate 213 is slidably supported by a guide member 213c having an opening 213b corresponding to the air supply port 211. When the air supply control valve 212 is opened. In addition to limiting the amount of air supply, it is possible to prevent sparks or the like from falling from the air supply port 211 to the outside, and to ensure the maximum amount of air supply by fully opening at the time of ignition or the like.

On the other hand, an upper smoke outlet 205 and a lower smoke outlet 206 are provided at the upper end and the lower end of the combustion chamber 202 on the opposite side (left side in the figure) of the air inlet 211, respectively.
Valves 252 and 262 (opening / closing means) are provided for connecting the exhaust ports 1 and 261 and sliding along the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 202 to open and close the respective smoke outlets 205 and 206. 224
Is a caster that facilitates movement of the stove 201.

FIG. 8 shows a combustion / charcoal production process of the stove 201 of the second embodiment configured as described above. Basically, it is the same as in the first embodiment, except that a fuel material B (ignition material) is charged above a carbon material A such as firewood and ignited.

First, as shown in FIG.
Then, ignition is performed with the upper and lower smoke outlets 205 and 206 opened, and after confirming the ignition, the air supply port 211 is closed as shown in FIG. 8B, and combustion air is supplied from the lower smoke exhaust port 206. And
Smoke is discharged from the upper smoke outlet 205 so that the combustion chamber 2
02 is heated. When coal is not used and only used as a stove or boiler, the firewood (A) is burned as it is. The point that the thermal power can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the lower smoke outlet 206 is the same as in the case of the first embodiment.

When the coal is produced, the combustion chamber 202
When the inside reaches a desired carbonization temperature, as shown in FIG. 8C, the air supply port 211 is slightly opened, and a small amount of air is supplied from the air supply port 211, while the upper smoke exhaust port 205 is fully closed. The lower smoke outlet 206 has an opening of 1/3 to 1/4 and the lower smoke outlet 6
The spontaneous carbonization of the carbonized material A proceeds while the smoke is exhausted. The point that smoke is promoted from the lower smoke outlet 206 by the action of the chimney 261 is the same as in the case of the first embodiment. Then, FIG.
As shown in the figure, the air supply port 211 and the following exhaust ports 205, 20
Close all 6 and extinguish the fire.

Smoke generated when burning firewood (A) or fuel material B in the stove 201 or carbonizing can be used for pest control by introducing it into a greenhouse or livestock barn. Also,
As shown in FIG. 6, a smoke device 263 is provided at the tip of the chimney 263, and smoke can be introduced into the smoke device 263 to be used for the smoke treatment of food. Further, it is known that the wood vinegar liquid collected during carbonization becomes a very useful chemical liquid in agriculture and livestock industry. For example, by diluting wood vinegar and spraying it on the soil or on the leaves of agricultural crops, there is a disease reduction effect,
In addition, it is effective for soil improvement and prevention of continuous cropping failure. In addition, spraying on livestock barns and treatment plants has a deodorizing effect, and mixing with compost can produce high-quality compost. Therefore, FIG.
As shown in (2), by using the boiler unit 207 and the chemical spraying device 208 together with the stove 201 of the second embodiment, it becomes possible to spray a chemical diluted with wood vinegar.

The boiler unit 207 has a pressure-resistant can 272 (evaporator) provided on the lower surface of a lid 271 having the same shape as the lid 204 of the stove 201 shown in FIG. A water supply tank 273 is provided, and a water supply pipe 274 extending from the water supply tank 273 to the can body 272 through the lid 271 and a drip valve 275 for adjusting a water supply amount are provided.

Then, from the water inlet 278 to the water supply tank 27,
The water W injected into the cylinder 3 rotates the operation part 276 of the drip valve 275 and adjusts the amount of dripping so that the water W flows into the can 272 little by little through the water supply pipe 274, and the fuel W The vapor S that evaporates in the can body 272 heated by the combustion heat generated by burning the gas, and fills the can body 272, flows through the vapor supply pipe 277 to the chemical liquid spraying device 208.
Supplied to the side.

The chemical spraying device 208 connects the vapor supply pipe 277 to the upper end of the pressure-resistant chemical tank 281, and provides a feed pipe 282 extending from near the inner bottom of the chemical tank 281 to the outside. Is provided with a spray nozzle 283 at the front end. Reference numeral 284 denotes a drug solution inlet, and 285 denotes a safety valve (relief valve). Then, the inside of the tank is pressurized by the steam S sent from the steam supply pipe 277, so that the chemical liquid X can be sprayed from the spray nozzle 283.

[0043]

As described above, according to the present invention, at one end of a combustion chamber having a horizontal cylindrical shape, an opening for taking in and out a fuel material and / or carbonized material into and from the combustion chamber, and the opening can be closed. While providing a lid and air supply adjusting means by adjusting the opening of the lid or adjusting the opening of a separately provided air supply port, near the uppermost end of the innermost part of the combustion chamber located on the opposite side of the opening. Is provided with an upper smoke outlet and a lower smoke outlet near the lower end also serving as a second air inlet, and an opening / closing means for opening and closing each smoke outlet is provided. Only by switching, it can be used for a general stove and a boiler, a carbonization furnace for carbonizing wood, and a simultaneous use thereof, and an appropriate combustion mode can be set for each. In particular,
When performing carbonization, by promoting spontaneous carbonization, there is no need for reheating or complicated operation, and less fuel material is required,
A stable heat source can be obtained for a long time, and it is suitable not only for indoor heating and hot water heating, but also for the treatment of agricultural and horticultural heating sources such as plastic greenhouses and the disposal of construction waste. A liquid is advantageously obtained. In addition, when installed in a room and used as a stove, external air is supplied into the combustion chamber from the lower smoke outlet and the room air is not used for combustion. is there.

And, near the opening in the combustion chamber,
The inside of the combustion chamber is divided into a heating chamber on the opening side and a carbonization chamber on the back side, and an air control plate that allows air to flow through a large number of small ventilation holes is detachably provided. Spread of fire from indoor combustion to carbonized wood (wood such as firewood, sawdust, waste material, etc.) and the resulting carbonization of the carbonized wood while suppressing carbonization of the carbonized wood. The rate can be improved.

The air control plate is slidably provided in the combustion chamber, and the heating chamber has a surface almost in contact with the air control plate and an upper surface almost entirely open, and a surface facing the opening of the combustion chamber. A fuel material receiving member with an air inlet opening near the lower end is detachably provided, so that the carbon material can be easily taken in and out, and the residue and ash of the fuel material are not scattered in the combustion chamber.
Maintenance is easy, and when the amount of carbonized material is small, the air control plate and the fuel material receiver are moved in accordance with the position of the carbonized material, and good carbonization can be performed by optimizing the space of the carbonized chamber.

Further, the opening and the cover capable of closing the opening are open over the entire cross section of the combustion chamber, and a tray for placing a carbonized material is laid on the inner bottom surface of the carbonization chamber. Since the carbonized material can be taken in and out of the tray,
It is extremely easy to put and take the carbonized material into and out of the combustion chamber (carbonized chamber), and maintenance is also easy. In addition, there is an effect that the inner bottom of the combustion chamber is protected by the tray, and the useful life of the combustion chamber body can be increased.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a stove serving also as a carbonization furnace according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a main part showing a stove serving also as a carbonization furnace according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a combustion / charcoal production process in a stove also serving as a carbonization furnace according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a main part of another embodiment of a stove serving also as a carbonization furnace according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a stove serving also as a carbonization furnace according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a main part showing the vicinity of an air supply port.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a combustion / charcoal production process in a stove also serving as a carbonization furnace according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a boiler unit and a chemical spraying device are mounted on a stove also serving as a carbonization furnace according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,201 Stove (boiler) 2,202 Combustion chamber 3,203 Opening 4,204,271 Lid 5,205 Upper smoke outlet 6,206 Lower smoke outlet 7 Air control plate 8 Heating room 9 Carbonization room 10 Fuel material receiver 12 Air inlet 13 Tray 14 Wood vinegar liquid collecting member 15, 15 'Water heating pipe 51, 61, 51', 61 ', 251, 261 Chimney 52, 62, 252, 262 Valve (opening / closing means) 65 Wood vinegar liquid Recovery container 66 Opening 207 Boiler unit 208 Chemical spraying device 211 Air supply port 212 Air supply control valve 263 Smoke device 272 Can body 273 Water supply tank 277 Steam supply pipe 281 Chemical liquid tank 282 Feed pipe 283 Spray nozzle

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An opening for taking a fuel material and / or a carbonized material into and out of the combustion chamber, a lid capable of closing the opening, and a lid at one end side of the combustion chamber having a horizontal cylindrical shape. While providing an air supply adjusting means by adjusting the opening degree of the opening or adjusting the opening degree of the separately provided air supply port, the upper smoke exhaust port near the uppermost end of the innermost part of the combustion chamber located on the opposite side of the opening, Second near the bottom
A stove and a boiler also serving as a carbonization furnace, wherein a lower smoke exhaust port also serving as an air supply port is provided, and an opening / closing means for opening and closing each smoke exhaust port is provided. 2. Near the opening in the combustion chamber, the inside of the combustion chamber is divided into a heating chamber on the opening side and a carbonization chamber on the back side, and air can be circulated through a large number of small ventilation holes. The stove and boiler which also serve as a carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein an air control plate is provided detachably. 3. The air control plate is slidably provided in the combustion chamber, and the heating chamber has a surface in contact with the air control plate and an upper surface almost entirely open, and has a surface facing the combustion chamber opening. 3. A stove and boiler serving also as a carbonization furnace according to claim 2, wherein a fuel material receiving member having an air inlet opening near the lower end is detachably provided. 4. The opening is open over the entire cross section of the combustion chamber, and a tray for placing carbonized material is laid on the inner bottom surface of the carbonized chamber, and the carbonized material can be taken in and out together with the tray. A stove and a boiler serving also as a carbonization furnace according to claim 1. 5. An upper end of a vertical cylindrical combustion chamber is provided with an opening through which fuel and / or carbonized material is put in and out of the twisting chamber, and a lid capable of closing the opening. An air supply port provided with an air supply control valve is provided at the lower end of one side of the combustion chamber, and an upper smoke exhaust port is provided near the upper end of the other side of the combustion chamber opposite to the air supply port. A stove and a boiler serving also as a carbonization furnace, wherein a lower smoke exhaust port also serving as a second air supply port is provided in each section, and an opening / closing means for opening and closing each smoke exhaust port is provided. 6. A water absorber for providing a predetermined amount of water to the can body through a water absorption pipe penetrating the lid body on an upper surface side of the lid body while providing a can body on a lower surface of the lid body for closing the opening. While providing the tank, a boiler unit provided with a steam supply pipe extending from the can body to the outside through the lid, and introducing the steam supply pipe to the upper end of the chemical tank, from near the inner bottom of the chemical tank 6. A stove and boiler serving also as a carbonization furnace according to claim 5, wherein a feed pipe extending to the outside is provided, and a chemical spraying device having a spray nozzle provided at an end of the feed pipe is additionally provided.