JP2001012831A - Absorption refrigerating machine/hot and chilled water generator with safety device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure safety, at the same time eliminate bad influence of corrosion due to opening to the atmosphere, and quickly and easily perform recovery by maintaining reduced pressure even if the pressure of a high-temperature regenerator increases during operation and a safety valve, a rupture disk or the like is operated. SOLUTION: When a safety valve 26 is operated in the absorption refrigerating machine-chilled and heater where any one of pressure increase-prevention means of the safety valve 26, a rupture disk, and a rupture plate is provided on a high-temperature regenerator or refrigerant steam piping from the high- temperature regenerator, and the outlet of the pressure increase-prevention means is opened to the atmosphere, an outlet 28 of the safety valve 26 is connected to a low-pressure part such as a low-temperature reproducer 16 via pressure relief piping 30 so that high-temperature side refrigerant steam and absorption liquid may be discharged to a low-pressure part such as the low- temperature regenerator 16 that is designed to be vacuum during operation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is intended to prevent a release of the air to the atmosphere when a pressure inside the body rises during operation and a safety valve, a rupture disk or the like is actuated.
The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerator and a chiller / heater equipped with a safety device capable of eliminating the adverse effects of corrosion due to opening to the atmosphere, ensuring safety and speeding up recovery.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, lithium bromide is used as an absorbent and water is used as a refrigerant, for example.
Absorption chillers and chiller / heaters composed of absorbers, condensers, low-temperature regenerators, high-temperature regenerators, low-temperature heat exchangers, high-temperature heat exchangers, and solution lines and refrigerant lines connecting these devices This is known (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-174430).

[0003] In conventional absorption refrigerators and cold / hot water heaters, when the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator exceeds the atmospheric pressure or exceeds a set pressure, a safety valve, A pressure rise preventing means such as a rupture disk or a rupture disk is provided in the high temperature regenerator or the refrigerant vapor pipe from the high temperature regenerator.

[0004]

When the pressure inside the body of the high-temperature regenerator rises and the safety valve, the rupture disk and the like operate, the absorbing liquid and the refrigerant in the high-temperature regenerator are discharged to the outside (outside the system). That is, the vacuum part is opened to the atmosphere,
Vacuum, which is the most important for absorption refrigerators and water heaters, cannot be maintained, and is adversely affected by corrosion. Further, when the vacuum part is opened to the atmosphere, there is a problem that it takes a long time to recover.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above points,
An object of the present invention is to connect a discharge port of a safety valve, a rupture disk or the like to a low pressure side so as not to open to the atmosphere, to maintain a reduced pressure, to ensure safety, and to adversely affect a machine, In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide an absorption refrigerator and a chiller / heater which can eliminate the adverse effects of corrosion due to the opening to the atmosphere and can quickly and easily recover after operation of a safety valve, a rupture disk and the like. Further, another object of the present invention is to detect a temperature change or a pressure change when the refrigerant vapor / absorbent flows out by operating a safety valve, a rupture disk, etc., to stop the combustion in the high-temperature regenerator, or An object of the present invention is to provide an absorption refrigerator / cooler / heater equipped with an electric circuit for stopping supply of a heating heat source, starting a stop operation, and notifying an abnormality to the outside.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, an absorption refrigerator and a chiller / heater equipped with a safety device according to the present invention include an absorber, an evaporator, a low-temperature heat exchanger, a low-temperature regenerator, High-temperature heat exchanger, high-temperature regenerator, condenser, solution circulation pump, and solution piping and refrigerant piping connecting these devices are constituent elements, and when the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator exceeds atmospheric pressure or In order to prevent the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator from rising when it exceeds, a safety valve, a rupture disk, or a rupture disc is provided in the high-temperature regenerator or the refrigerant vapor pipe from the high-temperature regenerator. When the pressure inside the high temperature regenerator rises during operation and the pressure rise prevention means is activated, ,
During operation, high-pressure side refrigerant vapor and absorbing liquid are discharged to the low-pressure section, which is designed to be almost vacuum at all times, to increase the pressure to prevent release to the atmosphere and quick recovery after safety confirmation. The outlet of the prevention means is connected to the low-pressure section via a pressure relief pipe (see FIG. 1).

Further, the absorption refrigerator / cooler / heater equipped with the safety device of the present invention includes an absorber, an evaporator, a low-temperature heat exchanger, a low-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature heat exchanger, a high-temperature regenerator, a condenser, and a solution. Increasing the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator when the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator exceeds the atmospheric pressure or exceeds the set pressure, with the circulation pump, the solution piping connecting the equipment and the refrigerant piping as constituent elements In order to prevent, a safety valve, a rupture disc and a pressure rise preventing means of any of the rupture discs are provided in the high temperature regenerator or refrigerant vapor piping from the high temperature regenerator,
In a double effect absorption refrigerator / cooled / hot water machine in which the outlet of the pressure rise prevention means is open to the atmosphere, when the pressure inside the high temperature regenerator rises during operation and the pressure rise prevention means is activated, During operation, high-pressure side refrigerant vapor and absorbing liquid are discharged to the low-pressure section, which is designed to be almost vacuum at all times, to increase the pressure to prevent release to the atmosphere and quick recovery after safety confirmation. The outlet of the prevention means is connected to the low-pressure section via a pressure relief pipe, and the pressure increase prevention means on the high pressure side is activated so that a change in temperature or a change in pressure when the refrigerant vapor and the absorption liquid flow out can be sensed. Provide a temperature measuring device or a pressure measuring device in the pressure relief pipe, and stop the supply of the heating heat source to the high-temperature regenerator by the sensed temperature change or pressure change to start the stop operation and notify the outside of the abnormality. As can is characterized in that electrically connects the temperature measuring device or pressure measuring device and the safety control and monitoring unit (see FIG. 2).

Further, the absorption refrigerator / cooler / heater provided with the safety device of the present invention includes an absorber, an evaporator, a low-temperature heat exchanger, a low-temperature regenerator, a medium-temperature heat exchanger, a medium-temperature regenerator, and a high-temperature heat exchanger. , A high-temperature regenerator, a condenser, a solution circulation pump, and a solution pipe and a refrigerant pipe for connecting these devices as components, and when the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator exceeds atmospheric pressure or exceeds a set pressure. In order to prevent the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator from rising, a means for preventing the pressure from rising, such as a safety valve, a rupture disk or a rupture plate, is provided in the high-temperature regenerator or the refrigerant vapor pipe from the high-temperature regenerator. When the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator rises during operation and the pressure rise prevention means is activated in a multi-effect absorption chiller or chiller / heater with the outlet of the prevention means being open to the atmosphere, the pressure level becomes lower. Medium temperature re In order to release the high-pressure side refrigerant vapor and absorbing liquid to the vessel to prevent release to the atmosphere and to speed up recovery after safety confirmation, the outlet of the pressure rise prevention means is vented through the pressure relief pipe to the medium temperature regenerator. In addition, a rupture disk, a rupture disc and a safety valve are provided with any pressure increase prevention means in the intermediate temperature regenerator or the refrigerant vapor piping from the intermediate temperature regenerator, and the pressure inside the intermediate temperature regenerator increases during operation. When the pressure rise prevention means of the medium temperature regenerator is activated, the medium-pressure side refrigerant vapor and the absorbing liquid are discharged to the low-pressure section which is designed to be almost always in a vacuum during operation, thereby preventing release to the atmosphere.
In addition, the outlet of the pressure rise prevention means of the intermediate temperature regenerator is connected to the low-pressure section via a pressure relief pipe in order to speed recovery after the safety check (see FIGS. 3 and 5).

Further, the absorption refrigerator / cooler / heater equipped with the safety device of the present invention includes an absorber, an evaporator, a low-temperature heat exchanger, a low-temperature regenerator, a medium-temperature heat exchanger, a medium-temperature regenerator, and a high-temperature heat exchanger. , A high-temperature regenerator, a condenser, a solution circulation pump, and a solution pipe and a refrigerant pipe for connecting these devices as components, and when the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator exceeds atmospheric pressure or exceeds a set pressure. In order to prevent the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator from rising, a means for preventing the pressure from rising, such as a safety valve, a rupture disk or a rupture plate, is provided in the high-temperature regenerator or the refrigerant vapor pipe from the high-temperature regenerator. When the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator rises during operation and the pressure rise prevention means is activated in a multi-effect absorption chiller or chiller / heater with the outlet of the prevention means being open to the atmosphere, the pressure level becomes lower. Medium temperature re In order to release the high-pressure side refrigerant vapor and absorbing liquid to the vessel to prevent release to the atmosphere and to speed up recovery after safety confirmation, the outlet of the pressure rise prevention means is vented through the pressure relief pipe to the medium temperature regenerator. In addition, a rupture disk, a rupture disc and a safety valve are provided with any pressure increase prevention means in the intermediate temperature regenerator or the refrigerant vapor piping from the intermediate temperature regenerator, and the pressure inside the intermediate temperature regenerator increases during operation. When the pressure rise prevention means of the medium temperature regenerator is activated, the medium-pressure side refrigerant vapor and the absorbing liquid are discharged to the low-pressure section which is designed to be almost always in a vacuum during operation, thereby preventing release to the atmosphere.
In addition, in order to speed up recovery after safety confirmation, the outlet of the pressure rise prevention means of the intermediate temperature regenerator is connected to the low pressure section via a pressure relief pipe, and the pressure rise prevention means on the high pressure side operates to operate the refrigerant vapor. And a temperature measuring device or a pressure measuring device is provided in the pressure relief pipe from the high pressure side so that a temperature change or a pressure change when the absorbing liquid flows out can be sensed,
Stop the supply of the heating heat source to the high-temperature regenerator by the sensed temperature change or pressure change and start the stop operation. It is characterized by being electrically connected to the device (see FIGS. 4 and 6).

Further, the absorption refrigerator / cooler / heater provided with the safety device of the present invention includes an absorber, an evaporator, a low-temperature heat exchanger, a low-temperature regenerator, a medium-temperature heat exchanger, a medium-temperature regenerator, and a high-temperature heat exchanger. , A high-temperature regenerator, a condenser, a solution circulation pump, and a solution pipe and a refrigerant pipe for connecting these devices as components, and when the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator exceeds atmospheric pressure or exceeds a set pressure. In order to prevent the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator from rising, a means for preventing the pressure from rising, such as a safety valve, a rupture disk or a rupture plate, is provided in the high-temperature regenerator or the refrigerant vapor pipe from the high-temperature regenerator. When the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator rises during operation and the pressure rise prevention means operates in a multi-effect absorption refrigerator or chiller / heater with the outlet of the prevention means being open to the atmosphere, Almost vacuum To release the refrigerant vapor and absorption solution of the high pressure side to the low pressure section of the low-temperature regenerator, which is designed, in order to speed up recovery of preventing air opening, and safely after confirmation,
It is characterized in that the outlet of the pressure rise preventing means is connected to the low pressure section via a pressure relief pipe (see FIGS. 7 and 9).

Further, the absorption refrigerator / cooler / heater provided with the safety device of the present invention includes an absorber, an evaporator, a low-temperature heat exchanger, a low-temperature regenerator, a medium-temperature heat exchanger, a medium-temperature regenerator, and a high-temperature heat exchanger. ,
High temperature regenerator, condenser, solution circulating pump, and solution piping and refrigerant piping connecting these devices as components, when the pressure inside the high temperature regenerator exceeds atmospheric pressure or exceeds the set pressure, In order to prevent the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator from rising, a means for preventing pressure increase of any one of a safety valve, a rupture disk and a rupture disc is provided in the high-temperature regenerator or the refrigerant vapor pipe from the high-temperature regenerator. Multi-effect absorption refrigerator with the outlet of the means open to the atmosphere
When the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator rises during operation and the pressure rise prevention means operates in the chiller / heater, the low-pressure section of the low-temperature regenerator or the like, which is designed to be almost vacuum during operation, always In order to release refrigerant vapor and absorption liquid on the high pressure side and prevent release to the atmosphere and quick recovery after safety confirmation, connect the outlet of the pressure rise prevention means to the low pressure part via a pressure relief pipe. At the same time, a temperature measuring device or a pressure measuring device is installed in the pressure relief pipe from the high pressure side so that the pressure rise prevention means on the high pressure side operates to detect a temperature change or a pressure change when the refrigerant vapor and the absorbing liquid flow out. Further, while stopping the supply of the heating heat source to the high-temperature regenerator by a sensed temperature change or pressure change, and entering a stop operation,
It is characterized in that a temperature measuring device or a pressure measuring device and a safety control / monitoring device are electrically connected so that an abnormality can be notified to the outside (see FIGS. 8 and 10).

In the above-mentioned absorption refrigerator and chiller / heater, when a medium-temperature heat exchanger and a medium-temperature regenerator are provided, a safety valve is used as a high-pressure side pressure rise prevention means, and a rupture disk (medium-pressure side pressure rise prevention means) is used. Or a rupture disk) (see FIGS. 3 to 6). Further, as a heating heat source of the high-temperature regenerator, combustion heat of a fuel combustion device, steam (steam), combustion exhaust gas generated from a heat engine such as a gas engine or a gas turbine, or the like can be used.
Also, instead of providing a high-temperature regenerator, a configuration in which a once-through boiler or the like is provided may be employed.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiment of the present invention will be described below for the case of an absorption refrigerator, but the present invention is not limited to the case of an absorption refrigerator. Applicable. FIG. 1 shows a double-effect absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, evaporator 10, absorber 1
2. High temperature regenerator 18, low temperature heat exchanger 20, high temperature heat exchange having condenser 14, low temperature regenerator 16, combustion device 17 for directly burning fuel such as gas or oil to heat and concentrate the absorbing solution A double-effect absorption refrigerator is configured by using a component such as a vessel 22, a solution circulation pump, and a solution pipe and a refrigerant pipe connecting these devices.

The refrigerant vapor pipe 24 from the high-temperature regenerator 18 is provided with a pressure rise preventing means 26 such as a safety valve, a rupture disk, or a rupturable plate (a safety valve is shown as an example in FIG. 1. Hereinafter, the safety valve 26 may be referred to as a safety valve 26). ) Is connected,
The outlet 28 of the safety valve 26 is connected to the low-temperature regenerator 16 via a pressure relief pipe 30.

In the double effect absorption refrigerator constructed as described above, the absorption liquid (dilute solution, for example, aqueous solution of lithium bromide) in the absorber 12 is supplied to the low-temperature heat exchanger 20 and the low-temperature heat exchanger 20 by the solution pump (low-temperature pump) 32. The fuel is sent to the high-temperature regenerator 18 through the high-temperature heat exchanger 22 and burns the fuel in the combustion device 17. The generated combustion gas heats and concentrates the absorbent. In addition, instead of providing a combustion device and using the combustion heat of fuel as a heating heat source of the high-temperature regenerator 18, it is also possible to use exhaust gas from a heat engine such as steam (steam), a gas engine, or a gas turbine. is there.

The absorbing liquid from the high-temperature regenerator 18 is sent to the low-temperature regenerator 16 through the high-temperature heat exchanger 22, where it is heated and cooled by refrigerant vapor (eg, steam) from the high-temperature regenerator 18.
It is concentrated. Next, the absorbent from the low-temperature regenerator 16 is sent to the low-temperature heat exchanger 20, and then introduced into the absorber 12,
While being indirectly cooled by the cooling water, the evaporator 10
Mixed with a refrigerant liquid (e.g., water) from the above to become a rare liquid. On the other hand, the refrigerant vapor from the high-temperature regenerator 18 enters the low-temperature regenerator 16, where the refrigerant vapor is condensed by heating the absorbing liquid.
It liquefies and enters the condenser 14. The refrigerant vapor generated when the absorption liquid is concentrated in the low-temperature regenerator 16 is discharged to the condenser 14.
After entering and being indirectly cooled by the cooling water and condensed,
The refrigerant liquid (for example, water) enters the evaporator 10, and the condensed refrigerant water is sprayed by the refrigerant pump 34 on the heat transfer tubes (through which water flows) of the evaporator 10 to obtain cold water.

Even when the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator 18 rises during operation and the safety valve 26 is operated, the high-temperature regenerator 18 is transferred to the low-temperature regenerator 16 which is designed to be almost vacuum during operation. Since the refrigerant vapor and the absorbing liquid are released, safety is ensured and release to the atmosphere is prevented,
In addition, recovery after safety confirmation can be performed quickly and easily. The low-pressure section such as the low-temperature regenerator 16 is always kept at a high vacuum by a vacuum pump, an automatic bleeding device or the like in order to maintain the performance during the cooling operation. During the stop, the high-temperature regenerator 18 is not heated, and the low-temperature side and the high-temperature side have the same pressure and are substantially vacuum.
Does not work. In the present embodiment, the safety device includes a safety valve 26, a pressure relief pipe 30 that connects an outlet 28 of the safety valve and a low-pressure section such as the low-temperature regenerator 16.

The series flow type double effect absorption refrigerator which is connected and arranged so that the absorbent is pumped from the absorber 12 to the high temperature regenerator 18 and then flows to the low temperature regenerator 16 has been described above. A reverse flow type double effect absorption refrigerator connected and arranged so that the absorbent is pumped from the absorber to the low temperature regenerator and further to the high temperature regenerator; Of course, it is also possible to apply the present invention to a parallel flow type double effect absorption refrigerator connected and arranged so as to be simultaneously pumped to the low temperature regenerator. Further, it is of course possible to apply the present invention to an absorption chiller / heater instead of the absorption chiller. In this case, a cooling / heating switching valve (not shown) is provided between the refrigerant pipe of the low temperature regenerator and the evaporator, and the cooling / heating switching valve is closed during the cold water operation, and the cooling / heating switching valve is opened during the hot water operation. The supply of cooling water to the condenser and the condenser should be stopped. It is also possible to use a once-through boiler instead of the high-temperature regenerator.

FIG. 2 shows a double effect absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a high pressure side pressure rise preventing means, for example, a safety valve 2
Pressure relief pipe 3 connecting the outlet 28 and the low pressure section 6
0, a temperature measuring device, for example, a temperature sensor, or a pressure measuring device, for example, a pressure sensor is provided, and the temperature sensor or the pressure sensor 36 is electrically connected to an external (outside the system) safety control / monitoring device 38, The safety valve 26 on the high pressure side operates to detect a temperature change or a pressure change when the refrigerant vapor and the absorbing liquid flow out, and by sending a detection signal, the combustion in the high temperature regenerator 18 is stopped or a heating heat source is An electrical safety circuit is configured to stop the supply of power and start a stop operation, so that an abnormality can be notified to the outside. In the present embodiment, when the pressure in the high-temperature regenerator 18 increases and the safety valve 26 operates,
8 is connected to the low pressure side via the pressure relief pipe 30 to release the pressure to ensure safety, to prevent the release to the atmosphere, and to quickly and easily recover after safety confirmation. And inform the outside of the abnormality. In the present embodiment, the safety device is a safety valve 2
6. A pressure relief pipe 30 for connecting the outlet 28 of the safety valve to a low-pressure section such as the low-temperature regenerator 16, a temperature sensor or a pressure sensor 36, and the temperature sensor or the pressure sensor 3
6 is connected to a safety control / monitoring device 38.
Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 shows a multiple effect absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
Here, the case of a triple effect absorption refrigerator is shown as an example. As shown in FIG. 3, the evaporator 10, the absorber 12, the condenser 14, the low-temperature regenerator 16, the medium-temperature regenerator 40, and the combustion for directly burning the fuel such as gas or oil to heat and concentrate the absorbent. High-temperature regenerator 18 having device 17, low-temperature heat exchanger 20, medium-temperature heat exchanger 42, high-temperature heat exchanger 22, solution circulation pump, and solution pipes and refrigerant pipes connecting these devices are used for triple effect. An absorption refrigerator is configured.

The refrigerant vapor pipe 24 from the high-temperature regenerator 18 is provided with a pressure rise preventing means 26 such as a safety valve, a rupture disk, or a rupturable plate (a safety valve is shown as an example in FIG. 3; hereinafter, the safety valve 26 may be referred to as a safety valve 26 in some cases). ) Is connected,
The outlet 28 of the safety valve 26 is connected to a medium temperature regenerator 40 via a pressure relief pipe 30. Medium temperature regenerator 40
A pressure rise preventing means 46 such as a rupture disk, a rupturable plate, a safety valve and the like (a rupture disk is shown as an example in FIG. 3; hereinafter, it may be referred to as a rupture disk 46) is connected to the refrigerant vapor pipe 44. The outlet 48 of the rupture disk 46 is connected to the low-temperature regenerator 16 via a pressure relief pipe 50.

In the triple effect absorption refrigerator constructed as described above, the absorption liquid (dilute solution, for example, aqueous solution of lithium bromide) in the absorber 12 is supplied to the low-temperature heat exchanger 20 by the solution pump (low-temperature pump) 32. The fuel is sent to the high-temperature regenerator 18 via the high-temperature heat exchanger 42 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 22 and burns the fuel in the combustion device 17. The generated combustion gas heats and concentrates the absorbing solution. In addition, instead of providing a combustion device and using the combustion heat of fuel as a heating heat source of the high-temperature regenerator 18, it is also possible to use exhaust gas from a heat engine such as steam (steam), a gas engine, or a gas turbine. is there.

The absorbing liquid from the high-temperature regenerator 18 is sent to the intermediate-temperature regenerator 40 through the high-temperature heat exchanger 22, where it is heated and cooled by the refrigerant vapor (for example, steam) from the high-temperature regenerator 18.
It is concentrated. Next, the absorption liquid from the intermediate-temperature regenerator 40 is sent to the intermediate-temperature heat exchanger 42 and then introduced into the low-temperature regenerator 16, where it is heated and concentrated by the refrigerant vapor from the intermediate-temperature regenerator 40. The absorption liquid from the low-temperature regenerator 16 is sent to the low-temperature heat exchanger 20 and then introduced into the absorber 12, where it is indirectly cooled by the cooling water and mixed with the refrigerant liquid (for example, water) from the evaporator 10. Mix to form a diluted solution.

On the other hand, the refrigerant vapor from the high-temperature regenerator 18 enters the medium-temperature regenerator 40, where the refrigerant vapor is partially condensed and liquefied by heating the absorbing liquid and enters the low-temperature regenerator 16.
Refrigerant vapor generated when the absorption liquid is concentrated in the intermediate temperature regenerator 40 passes through the refrigerant vapor pipe 44 and is supplied to the low temperature regenerator 1.
6 is introduced. After the refrigerant vapor generated when the absorption liquid is concentrated in the low-temperature regenerator 16 enters the condenser 14 and is indirectly cooled and condensed by the cooling water, the refrigerant liquid (for example, water) enters the evaporator 10 and The condensed refrigerant water is sprayed by the refrigerant pump 34 on the heat transfer tubes (through which water flows) of the evaporator 10 to obtain cold water.

Even if the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator 18 rises during operation and the safety valve 26 is operated, the high-temperature regenerator 18 is transferred to the intermediate-temperature regenerator 40 which is designed to be almost vacuum during operation. Since the refrigerant vapor and the absorbing liquid are released, safety is ensured and release to the atmosphere is prevented,
In addition, recovery after safety confirmation can be performed quickly and easily. Similarly, even when the pressure inside the intermediate temperature regenerator 40 rises during operation and the rupture disc 46 operates, the medium temperature regeneration is performed to the low temperature regenerator 16 which is designed to be always substantially vacuum during operation. Since the refrigerant vapor and the absorbing liquid are released from the vessel 40, safety is ensured, opening to the atmosphere is prevented, and recovery after safety confirmation can be performed quickly and easily. In this manner, the safety valve 26 and the outlet of the rupture disk 46 are sequentially connected to the low-pressure side via the pressure relief pipe to release the pressure, so that the body volume can be effectively used for pressure reduction. Also,
According to each pressure level, it is desirable to use the characteristics such as a safety valve on the high-pressure side and a rupture disk on the low-pressure side, taking advantage of the respective characteristics.

The low-pressure section such as the low-temperature regenerator 16 is always kept at a high vacuum by a vacuum pump, an automatic bleeding device or the like in order to maintain the performance during the cooling operation.
During the stop, the high-temperature regenerator 18 is not heated, and the low-temperature side and the high-temperature side have the same pressure, and the safety valve 26 does not operate because the pressure is substantially vacuum. In the present embodiment, the safety device includes a safety valve 26, a pressure relief pipe 30 connecting the outlet 28 of the safety valve and the intermediate temperature regenerator 40, a rupture disk 46, and an outlet 48 of the rupture disk.
And a pressure relief pipe 50 connecting the low-pressure section such as the low-temperature regenerator 16.

In the above, a series flow type triple effect absorption refrigeration system in which the absorption liquid is pumped from the absorber 12 to the high temperature regenerator 18 and then connected and arranged so as to flow to the low temperature regenerator 16 via the medium temperature regenerator 40. I explained about the machine,
A reverse-flow triple-effect absorption refrigerator connected and arranged so that the absorbent is pumped from the absorber to the low-temperature regenerator, and then to the high-temperature regenerator via the medium-temperature regenerator, Of course, it is also possible to apply the present invention to a parallel flow type triple effect absorption refrigerator connected and arranged so as to be simultaneously pumped to a regenerator, a medium temperature regenerator and a low temperature regenerator. In addition, it is also possible to apply to a multiple effect absorption refrigerator with four or more effects. Further, it is of course possible to apply the present invention to an absorption chiller / heater instead of the absorption chiller. In this case, a cooling / heating switching valve (not shown) is provided between the refrigerant pipe of the low temperature regenerator or / and the medium temperature regenerator and the evaporator, and the cooling / heating switching valve is closed during the cold water operation,
During the hot water operation, the cooling / heating switching valve is opened to stop supplying the cooling water to the absorber and the condenser. It is also possible to use a once-through boiler instead of the high-temperature regenerator.

FIG. 4 shows a triple effect absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a high pressure side pressure rise preventing means, for example, a safety valve 2
Pressure relief pipe 3 connecting the outlet 28 and the low pressure section 6
0, a temperature measuring device, for example, a temperature sensor, or a pressure measuring device, for example, a pressure sensor is provided, and the temperature sensor or the pressure sensor 36 is electrically connected to an external (outside the system) safety control / monitoring device 38, The safety valve 26 on the high pressure side operates to detect a temperature change or a pressure change when the refrigerant vapor and the absorbing liquid flow out, and by sending a detection signal, the combustion in the high temperature regenerator 18 is stopped or a heating heat source is An electrical safety circuit is configured to stop the supply of power and start a stop operation, so that an abnormality can be notified to the outside. In the present embodiment, when the pressure in the high-temperature regenerator 18 increases and the safety valve 26 operates,
8 is connected to the low pressure side via the pressure relief pipe 30 to release the pressure to ensure safety, to prevent the release to the atmosphere, and to quickly and easily recover after safety confirmation. And inform the outside of the abnormality. In the present embodiment, the safety device is a safety valve 2
6. A pressure relief pipe 30 connecting the outlet 28 of the safety valve and the intermediate temperature regenerator 40, a temperature sensor or a pressure sensor 3
6, safety control / monitoring device 38 connected to this temperature sensor or pressure sensor 36, rupture disk 46,
The pressure relief pipe 50 connects the outlet 48 of the rupture disk and a low-pressure section such as the low-temperature regenerator 16. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the third embodiment.

FIG. 5 shows a triple effect absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the absorption liquid from the absorber 12 is supplied to the low-temperature regenerator 16.
After being pumped to the medium temperature regenerator 4
This apparatus is applied to a reverse flow type absorption refrigerator in which each device and piping are arranged and connected so as to be supplied to the high temperature regenerator 18 by the solution pump 54 and further supplied to the high temperature regenerator 18 by the solution pump 54. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the third embodiment.

FIG. 6 shows a triple effect absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the absorption liquid from the absorber 12 is supplied to the low-temperature regenerator 16.
After being pumped to the medium temperature regenerator 4
This apparatus is applied to a reverse flow type absorption refrigerator in which each device and piping are arranged and connected so as to be supplied to the high temperature regenerator 18 by the solution pump 54 and further supplied to the high temperature regenerator 18 by the solution pump 54. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 7 shows a triple effect absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is a multiple effect, for example, a triple effect type absorption refrigerator or a hot water regenerator 18 pressure relief pipe 30a from the high temperature regenerator 18 is connected directly to the low pressure section such as the low temperature regenerator 16,
The configuration is such that a pressure relief pipe from the intermediate temperature regenerator 40 is omitted. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the third embodiment.

FIG. 8 shows a triple effect absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is a multiple effect, for example, a triple effect type absorption refrigerator or a hot water regenerator 18 pressure relief pipe 30a from the high temperature regenerator 18 is connected directly to the low pressure section such as the low temperature regenerator 16,
The configuration is such that a pressure relief pipe from the intermediate temperature regenerator 40 is omitted. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 9 shows a triple effect absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is a multiple effect, for example, a triple effect type absorption refrigerator or a hot water regenerator 18 pressure relief pipe 30a from the high temperature regenerator 18 is connected directly to the low pressure section such as the low temperature regenerator 16,
The configuration is such that a pressure relief pipe from the intermediate temperature regenerator 40 is omitted. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 10 shows a triple effect absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the pressure relief pipe 30 from the high temperature regenerator 18 of the multiple effect, for example, triple effect absorption refrigerator or chiller / heater is used.
a is directly connected to a low-pressure section of the low-temperature regenerator 16 or the like, so that a pressure relief pipe from the intermediate-temperature regenerator 40 is omitted. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the sixth embodiment.
This is the same as in the case of the form.

[0035]

As described above, the present invention has the following effects. (1) The high pressure side safety valve, rupture disk, rupturable plate, etc. are connected to the low pressure side to prevent the pressure rise from being released to the atmosphere. In addition to maintaining reduced pressure, safety can be ensured, adverse effects such as corrosion on the machine can be eliminated, and restoration after activation of the pressure rise prevention means can be performed quickly and easily. (2) In the case where a temperature measuring device or a pressure measuring device is provided in a pressure release pipe from the pressure rise prevention means on the high pressure side and the temperature measuring device or the pressure measuring device is connected to a safety control / monitoring device, In addition to the effect of the above (1), by detecting the temperature change or pressure change of the refrigerant vapor / absorbent flowing out by the operation of the pressure rise prevention means, a detection signal is sent to the safety control / monitoring device, and the high temperature regenerator The combustion can be stopped, or the supply of the heating heat source can be stopped to start the stop operation, and an abnormality can be notified to the outside.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram of an absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram of an absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram of an absorption refrigerator including a safety device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram of an absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram of an absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram of an absorption refrigerator provided with a safety device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram of an absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram of an absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram of an absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram of an absorption refrigerator equipped with a safety device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Evaporator 12 Absorber 14 Condenser 16 Low temperature regenerator 17 Combustion device 18 High temperature regenerator 20 Low temperature heat exchanger 22 High temperature heat exchanger 24, 44 Refrigerant vapor piping 26 Safety valve (pressure rise prevention means) 28, 48 Outlet 30 , 30a, 50 Pressure relief pipe 32, 52, 54 Solution pump 34 Refrigerant pump 36 Temperature sensor or pressure sensor 38 Safety control / monitoring device 40 Medium temperature regenerator 42 Medium temperature heat exchanger 46 Rupture disk (pressure rise prevention means)

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Eiji Arai Inventor 1000 Aomachi, Kusatsu-shi, Shiga Prefecture F-term in the Shiga Plant of Kawaju Cooling & Heating Co., Ltd. 3L093 AA01 BB11 BB22 BB29 BB31 BB32 BB37 CC00 DD09 EE08 GG01 GG02 HH12 JJ04 KK01 KK07 LL03 MM03

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. An absorber, an evaporator, a low-temperature heat exchanger, a low-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature heat exchanger, a high-temperature regenerator, a condenser, a solution circulation pump, and a solution piping and a refrigerant piping connecting these devices. When the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator exceeds the atmospheric pressure or exceeds the set pressure, one of the safety valves, rupture discs, and rupture discs is used to prevent the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator from rising. In a double effect absorption refrigerator / cooled / heated water machine in which a pressure rise prevention means is provided in the high temperature regenerator or the refrigerant vapor pipe from the high temperature regenerator, and the outlet of the pressure rise prevention means is open to the atmosphere, When the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator rises and the pressure rise prevention means is activated, the high-pressure side refrigerant vapor and the absorbing liquid are discharged to the low-pressure section which is designed to be almost vacuum during operation. To prevent air release And safe to speed up the check recovery after absorption chiller-chiller having a safety device, characterized in that connected to the low pressure section via the outlet pressure relief piping pressure rise preventing means. 2. An absorber, an evaporator, a low-temperature heat exchanger, a low-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature heat exchanger, a high-temperature regenerator, a condenser, a solution circulation pump, and a solution piping and a refrigerant piping connecting these devices. When the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator exceeds the atmospheric pressure or exceeds the set pressure, one of the safety valves, rupture discs, and rupture discs is used to prevent the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator from rising. In a double effect absorption refrigerator / cooled / heated water machine in which a pressure rise prevention means is provided in the high temperature regenerator or the refrigerant vapor pipe from the high temperature regenerator, and the outlet of the pressure rise prevention means is open to the atmosphere, When the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator rises and the pressure rise prevention means is activated, the high-pressure side refrigerant vapor and the absorbing liquid are discharged to the low-pressure section which is designed to be almost vacuum during operation. To prevent air release In addition, in order to speed up recovery after safety confirmation, the outlet of the pressure rise prevention means is connected to the low pressure section via the pressure relief pipe, and the pressure rise prevention means on the high pressure side is activated, so that the refrigerant vapor and the absorbing liquid are discharged. A temperature measuring device or pressure measuring device is installed in the pressure relief pipe so that a temperature change or a pressure change at the time of the outflow can be detected, and the supply of the heating heat source to the high temperature regenerator is stopped by the detected temperature change or the pressure change. Absorber equipped with a safety device characterized by electrically connecting a temperature measuring device or a pressure measuring device and a safety control / monitoring device so that a stop operation can be started and an abnormality can be notified to the outside. Refrigerator and cold / hot water machine. 3. An absorber, an evaporator, a low-temperature heat exchanger, a low-temperature regenerator, a medium-temperature heat exchanger, a medium-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature heat exchanger, a high-temperature regenerator, a condenser, a solution circulation pump, and these devices. When the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator exceeds the atmospheric pressure or exceeds a set pressure, a safety valve is provided to prevent the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator from rising when the solution piping and the refrigerant piping to be connected are constituent elements. A multi-effect absorption refrigerator in which either a rupture disk or a rupturable plate is provided with a means for preventing pressure rise in a high-temperature regenerator or a refrigerant vapor pipe from the high-temperature regenerator, and an outlet of the pressure rise prevention means is open to the atmosphere.・ When the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator rises during operation and the pressure rise prevention means operates, the refrigerant vapor and absorption liquid on the high-pressure side are discharged to the medium-temperature regenerator whose pressure level is low. Open to the atmosphere Preventing, and in order to speed up the restoration of safety after confirmation,
The outlet of the pressure rise prevention means is connected to the intermediate temperature regenerator via the pressure release pipe, and further, the pressure increase prevention of any of the rupture disk, the rupture plate and the safety valve is connected to the medium temperature regenerator or the refrigerant vapor pipe from the medium temperature regenerator. Means is provided, and when the pressure inside the medium temperature regenerator rises during operation and the pressure rise prevention means of the medium temperature regenerator is activated, during operation, the pressure is reduced to a low pressure part which is designed to be almost vacuum. To release the refrigerant vapor and absorption liquid to the atmosphere, and to speed up the recovery after safety confirmation, the outlet of the pressure rise prevention means of the medium temperature regenerator is connected to the low-pressure section through the pressure relief pipe. An absorption refrigerator and a chiller / heater equipped with a safety device characterized by being connected. 4. An absorber, an evaporator, a low-temperature heat exchanger, a low-temperature regenerator, a medium-temperature heat exchanger, a medium-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature heat exchanger, a high-temperature regenerator, a condenser, a solution circulation pump, and these devices. When the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator exceeds the atmospheric pressure or exceeds a set pressure, a safety valve is provided to prevent the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator from rising when the solution piping and the refrigerant piping to be connected are constituent elements. A multi-effect absorption refrigerator in which either a rupture disk or a rupturable plate is provided with a means for preventing pressure rise in a high-temperature regenerator or a refrigerant vapor pipe from the high-temperature regenerator, and an outlet of the pressure rise prevention means is open to the atmosphere.・ When the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator rises during operation and the pressure rise prevention means operates, the refrigerant vapor and absorption liquid on the high-pressure side are discharged to the medium-temperature regenerator whose pressure level is low. Open to the atmosphere Preventing, and in order to speed up the restoration of safety after confirmation,
The outlet of the pressure rise prevention means is connected to the intermediate temperature regenerator via the pressure release pipe, and further, the pressure increase prevention of any of the rupture disk, the rupture plate and the safety valve is connected to the medium temperature regenerator or the refrigerant vapor pipe from the medium temperature regenerator. Means is provided, and when the pressure inside the medium temperature regenerator rises during operation and the pressure rise prevention means of the medium temperature regenerator is activated, during operation, the pressure is reduced to a low pressure part which is designed to be almost vacuum. To release the refrigerant vapor and absorption liquid to the atmosphere, and to speed up the recovery after safety confirmation, the outlet of the pressure rise prevention means of the medium temperature regenerator is connected to the low-pressure section through the pressure relief pipe. A temperature measuring device or a pressure measuring device is connected to the pressure relief pipe from the high pressure side so that the pressure rise prevention means on the high pressure side operates and the temperature change or the pressure change when the refrigerant vapor and the absorption liquid flow out can be sensed. Dress Further, a temperature measuring device or a pressure measuring device so that the supply of the heating heat source to the high-temperature regenerator is stopped by the sensed temperature change or pressure change and the stop operation is started, and the abnormality can be notified to the outside. An absorption refrigerator and a chiller / heater equipped with a safety device characterized by electrically connecting the safety control / monitoring device with the safety control / monitoring device. 5. An absorption refrigerator / cooler / heater provided with a safety device according to claim 3, wherein a safety valve is used as the high pressure side pressure rise prevention means, and a rupture disk is used as the medium pressure side pressure rise prevention means. 6. An absorber, an evaporator, a low-temperature heat exchanger, a low-temperature regenerator, a medium-temperature heat exchanger, a medium-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature heat exchanger, a high-temperature regenerator, a condenser, a solution circulation pump, and these devices. When the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator exceeds the atmospheric pressure or exceeds a set pressure, a safety valve is provided to prevent the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator from rising when the solution piping and the refrigerant piping to be connected are constituent elements. A multi-effect absorption refrigerator in which either a rupture disk or a rupturable plate is provided with a means for preventing pressure rise in a high-temperature regenerator or a refrigerant vapor pipe from the high-temperature regenerator, and an outlet of the pressure rise prevention means is open to the atmosphere.・ In a chiller / heater, if the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator rises during operation and the pressure rise prevention means is activated, low-pressure parts such as low-temperature regenerators are designed so that the vacuum is always maintained during operation. High pressure side refrigerant The outlet of the pressure rise prevention means is connected to the low-pressure section via a pressure relief pipe in order to release gas and absorbing liquid to prevent release to the atmosphere and to speed recovery after safety confirmation. Absorption refrigerators and chiller / heaters equipped with safety devices. 7. An absorber, an evaporator, a low-temperature heat exchanger, a low-temperature regenerator, a medium-temperature heat exchanger, a medium-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature heat exchanger, a high-temperature regenerator, a condenser, a solution circulation pump, and these devices. When the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator exceeds the atmospheric pressure or exceeds a set pressure, a safety valve is provided to prevent the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator from rising when the solution piping and the refrigerant piping to be connected are constituent elements. A multi-effect absorption refrigerator in which either a rupture disk or a rupturable plate is provided with a means for preventing pressure rise in a high-temperature regenerator or a refrigerant vapor pipe from the high-temperature regenerator, and an outlet of the pressure rise prevention means is open to the atmosphere.・ In a chiller / heater, if the pressure inside the high-temperature regenerator rises during operation and the pressure rise prevention means is activated, low-pressure parts such as low-temperature regenerators are designed so that the vacuum is always maintained during operation. High pressure side refrigerant In order to release gas and absorbing liquid to prevent release to the atmosphere and quick recovery after safety confirmation, connect the outlet of the pressure rise prevention means to the low pressure section via a pressure relief pipe and A pressure measuring device or a pressure measuring device is provided in a pressure relief pipe from the high pressure side so that the pressure rise prevention means operates to detect a temperature change or a pressure change when the refrigerant vapor and the absorbing liquid flow out, and further, Stop the supply of the heating heat source to the high-temperature regenerator by the sensed temperature change or pressure change and start the stop operation. An absorption refrigerator and a chiller / heater equipped with a safety device characterized by being electrically connected to the device. 8. An absorption refrigerator / cooler / heater equipped with a safety device according to claim 1, wherein the heating heat source of the high temperature regenerator is combustion heat of a combustion device. 9. An absorption refrigerator / cooler / heater equipped with a safety device according to claim 1, wherein the heating heat source of the high temperature regenerator is steam. 10. An absorption refrigerator and cold / hot water provided with the safety device according to claim 1, wherein the heating heat source of the high temperature regenerator is exhaust gas generated from a heat engine such as a gas engine or a gas turbine. Machine. 11. An absorption refrigerator and a chiller / heater equipped with the safety device according to claim 1, wherein a once-through boiler is provided instead of the high-temperature regenerator.