JP2001009815A - Manufacture of clay tile - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a deformation and cracks from being generated in molding, drying and baking processes by molding a plurality of unglazed tiles in a horizontal position, then drying the unglazed tiles to be piled up into a unglazed tile group, each having a gap formed with the other after drying and disposing the unglazed tile group on a shelf plate to be baked and sequentially glazed. SOLUTION: When the clay tile is manufactured, a projecting part 14 is formed at a plurality of spots on the second surface of a unglazed tile Wf using a molding die 12 comprising a top force 12a and a bottom force 12b. Then the unglazed tile Wf which is molded but is undried, is fed to a drying process while the unglazed tile Wf is retained horizontally and is disposed on a receiver 24 for drying to be dried. Next, the dried unglazed tile Wf are piled up into a unglazed tile group Mf, which is, in turn, placed on the shelf plate 30 of a truck for baking, and this truck is sent into a baking surface. Further, the baked unglazed tile Wf is conveyed in such a state that it is held by the hanger 62 of a glazing conveyor 60, and a glaze G is applied to the surface of the unglazed tile Wf using a glazing nozzle 64 to be baked in a baking process.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fired tile which is formed by pressing a plurality of tiles, drying the dried tiles, stacking the dried tiles horizontally on a shelf of a firing cart, and firing. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a clay tile in which a base is glazed and a glaze is fired.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is generally known, this kind of conventional technique is to form a tile under pressure, then dry the formed tile in a horizontal state, and apply a glaze to the dried tile. ,
In this method, a large number of glazed tile bodies are erected on the shelf plate of a firing cart, and the firing cart is sent to a firing furnace to fire the tile base.

[0003] In the firing in this method, a tiled material glazed on a shelf plate of a firing cart can be erected vertically, so that a large number of tiled materials can be placed on the shelf plate.
It contributes to the effective use of the bogie and the improvement of the firing efficiency of the tile.

[0004] However, although the tiles are deformed and cracked by being dried in a horizontal state prior to the firing treatment, the tiles are erected and fired in the firing step because the tiles are erected and fired. Deformation and cracks occur, and the intention of suppressing deformation and cracks in drying becomes useless,
The basic problem remains that a reduction in the production yield of so-called clay tile cannot be avoided.

[0005] As a firing method for suppressing deformation and cracking of the tile body, it is physically preferable to carry out the firing while maintaining the posture of the tile body in a horizontal state.

[0006] Therefore, as a known method, firing is performed while maintaining the orientation of the tile foundation in a horizontal state, and a so-called sagger is employed. The firing was performed by stacking a large number of saggers packed in a trolley for firing (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-187716).

However, in this firing method, it is necessary to prepare a large number of saggers with relatively high consumption, and furthermore, it is necessary to take into consideration the heat loss taken by the saggers. It is necessary to add heat energy equivalent to the heat loss taken away by the sagger in addition to the heat energy required for the tiles, and the heat energy required per tiled tile increases, and the firing efficiency decreases. . Also,
Since a large number of saggers are stacked, the space for the firing cart on which the tile is mounted is limited, and the number of tiles mounted on the firing cart is reduced. There is a problem in that the firing efficiency of the steel is reduced.

As an example suggesting that the latter problem is solved, there is a method for manufacturing a ceramic tile described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-63208.

This conventional example is a firing method called so-called bare baking of a tile material, in which a tile material in which a portion called a cushion portion is formed over the entire peripheral edge of the surface, or Provide a plurality of tile fabrics having minute mountain undulations adjacent to the inside of the cushion,
By horizontally stacking the front surface of the first tile fabric and the back surface of the second tile fabric, only the cushion portion on the front surface or the minute chevron shape adjacent to the inside of the cushion portion is brought into contact with the back surface. It is a method of grilling.

[0010] However, there are circumstances in which this method for producing a tile cannot be immediately diverted to a method for producing a clay tile. The reason for this is that the tile surface for a clay tile has a portion called a cushion portion formed over the entire periphery at the peripheral portion of the surface, or for a clay tile having minute mountain-shaped undulations adjacent to the inside of the cushion described above. This is because the provision of a plurality of tiles of the above clearly impairs the function as a clay tile.

That is, the roof tiles need to be overlaid in order to prevent rainwater from entering the house, and the portions where the roof tiles overlap each other are all present on the periphery of the head, buttocks, crosspiece, and insertion.

For this reason, providing a cushion portion over the entire peripheral edge of the tile substrate or providing a mountain-shaped undulation inside the cushion portion particularly seriously impairs the function of the overlapping portion of the head and the crosspiece, and It was virtually impossible to apply the manufacturing method to the method of manufacturing clay tile.

[0013] In the case of tiled tiles provided with glaze, when tiled tiles are stacked and fired, the glaze melted by firing penetrates between tiled tiles, and the cooled glaze is cooled and cooled. In addition to the need to peel off the fired tiles that are fixed to the tiles and adhered to each other with glaze, there is a problem that the tiles may be damaged when the tile base material is peeled off, and it has been difficult to realize this from the viewpoint of production.

On the other hand, conventionally, it has been common practice to apply a glaze to the tile material before firing and fire the glazed tile material simultaneously with the applied glaze. However, in addition to the high porosity of the tile before firing, many pores are often generated on the surface of the tile with the evaporation of moisture from the tile by forced drying.
For this reason, if the tile is fired together with the applied glaze, pinholes may be generated due to pores formed on the surface of the tile, and there is a problem that defective products are generated. In addition, since the glazed tile and the applied glaze are fired at the same time, during cooling after firing, the shrinkage due to the thermal stress of the tile and the glaze is different, thereby promoting deformation and cracking of the tile. In addition, defects such as cracks tend to occur in the fired glaze.

Furthermore, conventionally, since glaze is applied to tiles having a high porosity, the amount of glaze absorbed by the tiles having a high porosity before firing is increased, which results in waste of expensive glazes and glazes. Because the amount of glazing increases, it takes time to dry the applied glaze, and the amount of the glaze that melts during firing tends to increase, which may lead to sticking between the shelf and the tile substrate.

[0016]

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to perform the processing while maintaining the orientation of the tile in a horizontal state so as to suppress deformation and cracks during molding and drying. In addition, since the tiles are erected on the firing cart and fired, deformation and cracks are generated.

Further, in the case of firing while maintaining the orientation of the tile substrate in a horizontal state, in order to set the number of tile substrates to be set to the same degree as the method of erecting the tile substrate on a firing cart and firing. It is necessary to use a sagger, and the firing efficiency is greatly reduced.

Further, if tile tiles are stacked and fired in a manner similar to the tile firing method, the function of the tile is impaired.
Since the glaze adheres to each other so that the tiles adhere to each other, causing a problem in production, the method of firing tiles cannot be diverted.

Further, in order to apply a glaze to the tile before firing and to simultaneously fire the glaze applied to the tile and the tile,
The difference is that shrinkage occurs when the glaze and the glaze with different thermal stresses are cooled after firing, which tends to cause deformation and cracking of the glaze and also causes the glaze to have problems such as cracks.

In addition, since glaze is applied to the tile before firing and the tile is glazed and fired, the amount of glaze absorbed by the tile with high porosity before firing is increased, and expensive glaze is used. This is wasteful, the amount of glaze increases, it takes time to dry the applied glaze, and the amount of glaze that melts during firing tends to increase, which may lead to sticking between the shelf board and the tile base. At one point.

An object of the present invention is to prevent deformation and cracks in a series of steps of forming, drying and firing,
In addition to not impairing the function as a tile, and reducing the amount of glaze to be applied without causing the production problem of sticking the glaze to the fired tile, the fired tile without deformation and cracks is efficiently fired. The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a clay tile that can be used.

[0022]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a clay tile, comprising:
In a method of manufacturing a clay tile in which the pressure-formed tile base is dried and the dried tile base is placed on a shelf of a firing cart and fired, a plurality of exposed portions on the back surface of the clay tile when roofing are provided. After forming a plurality of tiles in a horizontal state, the tiles provided with the protrusions are dried in a horizontal state, and the plurality of tiles after drying are stacked in the same direction and in a horizontal state. A tile body group is formed, and a gap is formed between each tile body through a convex portion of the tile body, and the tile body group is placed on a shelf plate and fired. The method is characterized in that glaze is sequentially applied to the tiles, and the applied glaze of the tile is fired.

Here, the exposed portion of the back surface of the clay tile at the time of roofing means a portion of the back surface which is opened without overlapping when the clay tiles are piled on each other and roofed (see FIG. 2 and FIG. 2). (FIG. 8).

The convex portion formed on the back surface includes a point-like shape, a continuous or discontinuous ridge or band shape, or a combination of a point-like shape and a ridge shape.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a clay tile according to the first aspect, wherein the glaze of the tile is baked while keeping the tile applied with the glaze in an inclined state. It is characterized by the following.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a clay tile according to the first aspect, wherein the glaze of the tile is baked while keeping the tile applied with the glaze horizontal. It is characterized by the following.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the method for manufacturing a clay tile according to the first aspect, the glaze on the tile is applied while maintaining the tile applied with the glaze in an independent state. It is characterized by firing.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a clay tile according to the first aspect, wherein a glaze fired at 650 ° C. or less is applied to the fired tile. Things.

[0029]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the method for manufacturing a clay tile has the above-described structure, and thus the tile is always processed in a uniform horizontal state in a series of steps from molding to firing of the tile. Therefore, deformation and cracks are suppressed, and the yield can be improved. In addition, after the tile is fired and hardened, the glaze is applied and only the glaze is fired, so the thermal stress on the tile by the firing of the glaze is small, and the shrinkage of the tile and the glaze during cooling after firing is reduced. The influence of the difference is suppressed, and there is no possibility that deformation or cracks will occur in the tile material coated with the glaze, and there is no possibility that a problem occurs in the applied glaze. Furthermore, since it is only necessary to provide the heat necessary for firing the applied glaze, only the glaze is fired without firing the entire tile material, and the firing of the glaze can be performed within one hour, resulting in wasteful heat. Energy consumption can be suppressed.

In addition, the respective tile bases are stacked via a convex portion provided on an exposed portion on the back surface of the clay tile at the time of roofing,
Since a tile group having a gap is formed and then fired while mounted on a firing cart, a tile without impairing the function as a tile can be obtained, and the tile body can be efficiently fired. In addition, glaze is applied to the fired tile, and the applied glaze is fired.Therefore, pinholes are generated because the fired tile has a lower porosity than the tile before firing. In addition to suppressing the amount of glaze to be applied, the amount of glaze to be applied is also reduced, so that the drying time of the glaze can be shortened, the firing efficiency can be improved, and the adhesion of the tile substrate due to solidification of the glaze and the breakage of the tile can be prevented.

The method for manufacturing a clay roof tile according to the second aspect of the present invention has the above-described structure. In addition to the effect of the first aspect, the tile material coated with the glaze is kept in an inclined state. In addition, by firing the glaze applied to the tile body, the glaze does not melt and adhere to the firing cart, and the glaze does not remain in the form of drops on the head of the tile body.

The method for manufacturing a clay roof tile according to the third aspect of the present invention has the above-described structure, so that in addition to the effects of the first aspect of the present invention, the tile roof coated with the glaze is kept horizontal. By firing the glaze applied to the tile base, deformation and cracking of the tile base after firing with the glaze applied can be reliably suppressed, and the yield can be further improved.

Since the method for manufacturing a clay tile according to the fourth aspect of the present invention has the above-described structure, in addition to the functions and effects of the first aspect of the invention, the tile body coated with the glaze is made independent. By firing the glaze applied to the tiles while maintaining the state, it is relatively easy to maintain the attitude of the tiles without the need for an attitude control member. Easy to do.

The method for manufacturing a clay roof tile according to the fifth aspect of the present invention has the above-described structure. By applying the glaze that is fired below, the thermal energy required for firing the glaze can be suppressed, efficient firing of the glaze can be performed, and thermal stress on the tile substrate can be further reduced, There is no deformation or cracking of the tile during firing of the glaze.

[0035]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the back surface of the tile body for the tiles of the F-type clay tile employed in the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the state of the back surface when the tile tiles of the F-type clay tile are laid on the roof. 3 is a process diagram showing the process of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a main portion showing a state in which a plurality of F-type clay tiles are placed on a shelf plate of a baking cart for firing, and firing is performed. FIG. 5 is a side view of a main portion showing a state in which a plurality of F-type clay tiles are placed on a shelf plate of a trolley for firing, and firing is performed in a firing furnace. FIG. 6 is a side view showing a step of firing the glaze applied to the tile base material for the fired F-type clay tile for the cross tile. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the back surface of the J-shaped clay tile used in the present invention, FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the state of the back surface when the J-shaped clay tile is laid on the roof, and FIG. FIG. 10 is an enlarged front view showing a state in which tile bodies for J-shaped clay tiles for tiles are stacked on a shelf plate of a trolley for firing and fired, and FIG. 10 is applied to tile tiles for fired J-type clay tiles for tiles. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a step of firing a glaze, and FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a step of firing a glaze applied to a fired tile material according to still another embodiment.

In the method for manufacturing a clay tile according to the embodiment of the present invention, a molding step of molding a clay material containing water under pressure to obtain an undried tile is dried, and the undried tile is dried in a horizontal state. It basically consists of a drying process for drying, a firing process for stacking the dried tiles on a firing cart and firing, a process for applying glaze to the fired tiles, and a process for firing the glaze applied to the tiles. ing.

Therefore, in this embodiment, a method of manufacturing an F-type clay tile (Japanese Industrial Standard 5208A, see FIG. 1) will be described first.

In the molding step, the upper mold 12a and the lower mold 1
The molding die 12 made of 2b allows the projections 14 to be formed at a plurality of locations on the back surface of the tile body Wf at the time of forming the tile body Wf for the cross tile of the F-type clay tile (see FIG. 3).

Needless to say, the lower mold 12b is provided with concave portions 12c corresponding to the number and shape of the convex portions 14 in order to form the convex portions 14 at a plurality of positions on the back surface of the tile body Wf.

The convex portion 14 is formed on the back surface of the tile base Wf. The position of the protrusion 14 is determined by exposing the back surface of the clay tile at the time of roofing so as not to impair the function as the clay tile when the clay tile is laid on the roof. The part 13.

The roof tile Wf of the F-type clay tile has a hanging portion 20 on its head and a hook 22 on its buttocks. When the roof tile Wf is laid on the roof, there are portions overlapping each other in the width direction of the roof tile Wf. (The reference numbers of the roof tiles for the F-type clay tile and the roof tile for the roof tile are represented by common symbols for convenience. Similarly, the reference numerals of the clay tiles and the tile base for the tiles are also represented by common reference numerals for convenience), and are based on the underlap portion 21 and the overlap portion 23 (FIG. 1).
And FIG. 2).

In the case of the tile body Wf for the cross tile of the F-type clay tile shown in FIG. 1, nine protrusions 14 are arranged at regular intervals and in a dotted manner. Is not limited.

The projections 14 formed on the back surface of the tile body Wf include not only a point-like shape but also continuous or discontinuous ridges, or a combination of point-like and ridges.

Although omitted in the drawing, the point-like projections 14
Alternatively, the protrusions 14 may be formed by forming two ridges at a fixed interval near the head and bottom of the tile body Wf.

As described above, these protrusions 14 are required to be provided on the exposed portion 13 on the back surface of the clay tile at the time of roofing, but if necessary, the back surface of the tile substrate Wf having the protrusions 14 may be provided. Is placed horizontally on the surface of another tile body Wf, the height of the gap 15 is provided so as to allow the combustion gas during firing to flow between the two, and When the group of tiles Mf including a large number of tiles Wf is placed on the firing cart 26, the tiles Wf
Since the object of the invention is to achieve the stability, the shape, position and number of the object are not limited as long as this object can be achieved.

Of course, what is called a hanging portion 20 or a hook portion 22 is generally provided on the head or the butt of the tile base Wf toward the back surface.
In the case where the hook portion 22 exists, the protrusion 20 or the hook portion 22 is slightly higher than the height of the hanging portion 20 or the hook portion 22 so that the hanging portion 20 or the hook portion 22 does not become an obstacle when the tile substrate Wf is placed. It is preferable to provide the part 14.

On the other hand, in order to make the hook portion 22 have the function of the convex portion 14, the height of the hook portion 22 is set to the concave portion 1.
The inventor also plans to adjust the height so as to be equal to the height of No. 4 and combine the hook portion 22 and the convex portion 14.

The clay raw material containing water is pressure-formed by the forming die 12 having the above-described configuration, and the tile material Wf in a horizontal state is formed.
Get. Then, the formed undried roof tile Wf is sent to the drying step while keeping the horizontal state, and dried in the drying step.

In this case, in order to dry the moisture-containing tile Wf of the present invention with high flexibility while suppressing deformation and cracks, the tile Wf is placed horizontally on the drying receiver 24 one by one. Place and dry.

In this embodiment, the drying receiver 2
The front surface 4 is provided with a through hole 25 in which the convex portion 14 is buried in the drying receiver 24 so as not to interfere with the convex portion 14 formed on the back surface of the tile body Wf.

The tile body Wf thus dried is dried while keeping the horizontal state, so that deformation and cracks due to drying are suppressed.

Next, the plurality of dried tiles Wf are stacked in the same direction while maintaining a horizontal state to form a tile group Mf. Here, the tile body group Mf means at least two tile bodies Wf.

In this embodiment, the height of the tile group Mf is set to be constant by stacking ten tiles Wf, but the height of the ceiling of the firing furnace 28 is reduced. This is an example that takes into account.

In general, the height of the tile body group Mf may be such that the tile body group Mf does not fall on the firing cart 26. (I do not understand what it means)

Generally, it is usual that the tile body is erected and fired. Therefore, the height of the firing furnace 28 and the baking cart 26 of the existing equipment is determined by the height of the tile group Mf and the height of the tile body Wf. By setting the length to about the length, the existing firing furnace 28 and the baking cart 26 can be used without being changed or modified (the meaning is not understood).

Therefore, even if the method of the present invention is changed, the existing sintering furnace 28 and sintering cart 26 are changed, and no significant modification is required.
Can be effectively utilized. The firing furnace for firing the tile body in this embodiment is a well-known tunnel type in which a large number of firing carts 26 run continuously, but may be a batch type firing furnace and is not limited to the firing furnace type. .

The baking cart 26 is conventionally known, and a shelf plate 30 substantially corresponding to the width of the tile base Wf is continuously arranged on the baking cart 26 in the conveying direction of the baking cart 26. To form a row, and the row of shelves 30 is
6 are arranged in a row in the width direction.

In particular, between the rows of the shelves 30, so that the combustion gas of the firing furnace 28 evenly spreads around the tile group Mf.
They are kept at regular intervals.

Then, the tile group Mf is placed on the shelf 30 of the firing cart 26, and the firing cart 26 full of the tile group Mf is sent to the firing furnace 28.

The tile group Mf sent to the firing furnace 28
As described above, since the gap 15 is formed between the tile bodies Wf so that the combustion gas at the time of firing flows,
The combustion gas in the firing furnace 28 reaches between the tiles Wf.

Next, a glaze G is applied to the surface of the fired tile body Wf.
Is applied to the tile base Wf, and the tile base Wf is unloaded from the baking cart 26, and the tail end of the tile base Wf is held by the hanger 62 of the glaze conveyor 60 one by one toward the glaze nozzle 64 while being kept in an inclined state. Conveyed.

The tiles Wf conveyed toward the glazing nozzle 64 are coated with a liquid glaze G flowing out of the glaze nozzle 64 on the surface thereof (see FIG. 3). In this embodiment, the glaze G is kept while the posture of the tile body Wf is kept in an inclined state.
Was applied, but the tile substrate W was separated by another hanger.
f may be suspended vertically and glaze G may be applied.
In addition to pouring the liquid glaze G on the tile base Wf, the glaze G may be sprayed and applied to the tile base Wf.

When the glaze G is applied to the fired tile base Wf, if there is residual heat of firing in the fired tile base Wf, drying of the applied glaze G is promoted and the drying time of the glaze G is shortened. Can be achieved. The glaze G may be a conventionally known glaze. However, in addition to suppressing the amount of heat required for firing the glaze G described later, the glaze G has a lower temperature than the conventional glaze in order to suppress deformation and cracking of the tile substrate due to the firing of the glaze G. 400-50
It is preferable to use a glaze fired at 0 ° C. (for example, JP-A-11-43386, JP-A-8-16).
No. 5139).

Next, the step of firing the glaze G applied to the tile body Wf will be described. The tile body Wf to which the glaze G has been applied is removed from the hanger 62 and sent to a firing furnace 66 for firing the glaze. The firing furnace 66 for firing the glaze employed in this embodiment is for firing the glaze G, and is a tunnel-type firing furnace similar to the firing furnace for firing tile tiles, and includes a large number of firing carts 68. ing.

The baking cart 68 is provided with a number of posture control members 70 for maintaining the posture of the tile body Wf coated with the glaze G in an inclined state, and the posture control member 70 is provided on the back side of the tile body Wf. , So that the tile body Wf can be maintained in an inclined state.

According to this firing furnace 66, the firing time of the glaze G is generally about 30 minutes, and the firing of the glaze G is completed during the period from the entrance to the exit of the firing cart 68. And
A large number of the tiles Wf are mounted on a firing cart 68 so as to maintain an inclined state, and the firing carts 68 are sequentially sent to a firing furnace 66 to fire the glaze G applied to the tiles Wf.

In this embodiment, the firing table 68 is used.
A tunnel-type firing furnace 66 was adopted by driving a car.
Equipped with a number of transfer rollers that form a transfer surface in the furnace, a roller hearth type baking furnace that continuously bake the objects to be fired, and the objects to be fired are put together into the furnace, and the objects to be fired are collected after firing. It is also possible to employ a batch-type firing furnace for taking out by taking out.

Accordingly, during a series of steps from forming, drying and firing of the tile Wf, the tile Wf is always kept in a horizontal state, so that deformation and cracks can be suppressed to a minimum in each step. In the firing step, the protrusions 1 of the tile body Wf
A tile group Mf having a gap 15 between each tile substrate Wf and the tile substrate Wf is provided, and the tile group Mf is fired on the shelf board 30 of the firing cart 26, thereby impairing the function of the clay tile. Thus, efficient firing of the tile body Wf can be realized without the need.

Further, the glaze G is applied to the fired tile Wf and the glaze G of the tile Wf is fired, so that the glaze G is applied to the surface of the tile Wf in a dense state after firing. Therefore, even if the glaze G is fired, a beautiful finish in which pinholes do not occur due to the pores of the tile body Wf can be achieved, and the consumption of the glaze G can be reduced.

In addition, the drying time of the applied glaze G can be shortened. In particular, when the tile material Wf after firing has residual heat, the drying time of the glaze G is remarkably reduced.

By firing the glaze G applied to the tile Wf while keeping the tile Wf coated with the glaze G in an inclined state, the glaze G does not melt and adhere to the firing carriage 68. In addition, the glaze G does not remain in the form of drops on the head of the tile body Wf.

In particular, with regard to the cross tile Ff of the F-type clay roof tile in the form of a plate which has been promoted in recent years, the risk of deformation and cracking is not small, but the F-type clay roof tile of this type is not. This is particularly advantageous for the manufacture of the crosspiece Wf.

Next, a J-shaped clay roof tile (Japanese Industrial Standard 5208A, FIG. 7) is used instead of the F-type clay roof tile roof tile base material Wf.
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with respect to a method of manufacturing the tile body Wj).

Since the manufacturing process of the J-shaped clay tile is basically the same as that of the F-shaped clay tile described above, most of the explanation is referred to and the differences are basically described. explain.

The tile body Wj for the tile of the J-type clay tile can be obtained by pressure molding using a molding die. When the tile body Wf for the tile of the J-type clay tile is formed, a plurality of the back surfaces of the tile body Wf are formed. A convex portion 44 is formed at a location, and the convex portion 44 is formed on the back surface of the tile body Wj. The position of the convex portion 44 is such that the clay tile when roofing is used so as not to impair the function as a clay tile when roofed. (See FIG. 8). In FIG. 8, the hatched portion is the exposed portion 53 on the back surface.
It is.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, six convex portions 44 are arranged at regular intervals and in a dotted manner.

Next, the tile body Wj is sent to a drying step while being kept in a horizontal state, and is dried in a horizontal state using a drying receiver similarly to the tile body Wf.

Next, the plurality of dried tiles Wj are stacked in the same direction while maintaining a horizontal state to form a tile group Mj.

In this embodiment, the height of the tile body group Mj is set to the height of five tile bodies Wj stacked.

Next, the tile body group Mj is loaded on the shelf plate 30 of the firing cart 26. It is common that the mounting surface of the shelf plate 30 is flat, and Due to the shape of the tile body Wj, it is difficult to immediately place the tile group Mj on the shelf board 30.

That is, the tile body W for the cross tile of the J-shaped clay tile
The shape of j has a wavy cross section from the crosspiece to the insertion, and the convex portion 44 provided on the back surface of the tile body Wj is also provided corresponding to the form of the back surface of the tile body Wj. If the tile group Mj is placed directly on the shelf plate 30 that forms a flat surface, the tile group Mj may be inclined or lack stability.

Therefore, a control mechanism for controlling the attitude of the tile body Mj located at the lowest layer in the tile group Mj is provided on the shelf 30 of the firing cart 26, and the tile group Mj is supported via the control mechanism. It is preferable to perform firing.

The following example is scheduled as a control mechanism for controlling the attitude of the tile Mj. In this embodiment, the support member 32 for the tile body group Mj is placed on the shelf board 30, and the tile body group Mj is placed on the shelf board 30 via the support member 32 for the tile body group Mj. Is planned.

The support member 32 for the tile group Mj in this embodiment has a flat bottom surface, and
j, corresponding to the convex portions 44 provided on the back surface of the tile body Wj, so that the tile group Mj can be supported in a horizontal state through the convex portions 44 provided on the back surface of the tile substrate Wj. The support part 34 is provided on the upper surface of the support member 32.

In the support member 32 for the tile body group Mj of this embodiment, since the hook part 42 is provided on the tile body Wj, the concave part 36 is provided so that the hook part 42 does not interfere with the tile member Wj. A rib 38 for preventing displacement of the base group Mj is provided.

By placing the tile body group Mj on the shelf plate 30 via the support member 32 for the tile body group Mj, the stability of the tile body group Mj on the shelf plate 30 can be ensured.

Then, the tile body group Mj is mounted on a baking cart 26 and then sent to a baking furnace for baking.

Next, glaze G is applied to the surface of fired tile body Wj.
Is applied, but as in the case of the tile body Wf,
j is unloaded from the firing cart 26, and the butt of the tile base Wj is sandwiched by a hanger (not shown) of a glazed conveyor (not shown) for each sheet. In this embodiment,
The tile ground Wj is suspended vertically by a hanger of a glazing conveyor and is conveyed toward a glazing nozzle (not shown).
On the tile body Wj conveyed toward the glazing nozzle, a liquid glaze G flowing out of the glaze nozzle is applied to the surface thereof.
Also in this embodiment, in addition to pouring the liquid glaze G onto the tile body Wj, the glaze G may be sprayed and applied to the tile base Wj.

Next, the step of firing the glaze G applied to the tile body Wj will be described. The tile body Wj to which the glaze G has been applied is removed from the hanger and sent to the firing furnace 66 for firing the glaze. The firing furnace 66 for firing the glaze employed in this embodiment is the same as the firing furnace 66 of the above-described embodiment, and includes a large number of firing carts 68. The baking cart 68 is provided with a shelf 75 horizontally, and the tile base Wj coated with the glaze G can keep the posture of the tile base Wj in an upright state by abutting the buttocks on the shelf 75.

Further, in order to prevent the tile body Wj from falling over, a bar-shaped fall prevention member 74 is erected near the end of the shelf 75 (see FIG. 10). Then, the glaze G of the tile body Wj sent to the firing furnace 66 is fired for about 30 minutes while the firing cart 68 moves from the entrance to the exit.

Then, a large number of the tiles Wj are mounted on a firing cart 68 so as to maintain the standing state, and the firing carts 68 are sequentially sent to a firing furnace 66, and the glaze G applied to the tiles Wj is fired. You.

As described above, during a series of steps from forming, drying, and firing of the tile substrate Wj, the tile substrate Wj is always kept in a horizontal state, so that deformation and cracks can be suppressed to a minimum in each step. In particular, in firing, there is no tile group Wj that forms a gap 45 between each tile substrate Wj via the convex portion 44 of the tile substrate Wj, and the tile group Mj is placed on the shelf board 30 of the firing cart 26. Tiles Mj with support members 32 for
Is placed on the support member 32 for the tile body group Mj and is fired, so that the horizontal state of the tile body Wj can be stabilized, and the efficient tile body Wj without impairing the function of the clay tile.
Can be realized.

Further, the glaze G is applied to the fired tile Wj and the glaze G of the tile Wj is fired, so that the glaze G is applied to the surface of the tile Wj in a dense state after firing. Therefore, even if the glaze G is fired, pinholes due to the pores of the tile body Wj are not generated, and a beautiful finish is obtained, and the consumption of the glaze G is reduced.

Further, the drying time of the applied glaze G can be shortened. In particular, when the tile material Wj after firing has residual heat, the drying time of the glaze G is remarkably reduced.

By firing the glaze G applied to the tile base Wj while maintaining the tile base Wj to which the glaze G has been applied, the posture of the tile base Wj can be achieved without the need for an attitude control member or the like. Is relatively easy to maintain, and the baking of the glaze G applied to the tile body Wj can be easily performed in the same manner as the baking of the tile body Wj.

In this embodiment, the support member 32 for the tile body group Mj is used when firing the tile body group Mj before glazing, but the upper surface of the shelf plate 30 is attached to the back surface of the tile body Wj. Are formed corresponding to the convex portions 44 provided in the
The inventor intends to provide a function equivalent to that of the support member 32 for j and not to use the support member 32 for the tile group Mj.

As an application example of the control mechanism for controlling the posture, J
Although the tile body Wj for the cross tile of the J-shaped clay tile has been described, it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to a tile body of clay tile other than the tile body Wj for the J-type clay tile.

Further, the height of the hook portion 42 of the tile substrate Wj is adjusted to provide the hook portion 4 having the function of the convex portion 44.
The inventor also plans to combine 2 and the convex portion 44.

Further, the height of the tile body group Mj is changed to the tile body Wj.
The inventor also plans to reduce the length to about the length. Therefore, even if the firing method in which the tile substrate Wj is erected on the firing carriage 26 and fired is changed to the method of the present invention, the existing firing Since the furnace 28 and the trolley 26 are not required to be changed or significantly modified, the sintering furnace 28 and the trolley 26 can be effectively used, which is no different from the case of the tile base Wf.

Further, as another embodiment, after the tile body groups Mf, Mj are formed in advance, the tile body groups Wf, Mj are not placed on the firing cart 26 at once, and the tile body W
The inventor also plans to form the tile body groups Mf and Mj by stacking f and Mf one by one on the firing cart 26 and thereafter.

Glaze G applied to still another tile body Wj
An embodiment of baking will be described. The steps for forming, drying, and firing the tile body Wj are described above, and thus are used. In this embodiment, a roller hearth type firing furnace 76 is used for firing the glaze applied to the tile substrate.
Is adopted. The firing furnace 76 includes a number of transport rollers 78 that form a transport surface from the inlet to the outlet. The transport rollers 78 provided in the firing furnace 76 are rotatably controlled. The upper conveyed object has a structure capable of continuously passing through the furnace (FIG. 11).
See).

The tile substrate Wj to be transferred is transferred through the plate-shaped sagger 80 in the furnace.
Is made of a refractory material, and is devised to support the tile body Wj in a horizontal state.

The surface of the sagger 80 has a pair of parallel ridges 8
The groove 84 formed between the ridges 82 and 82 is
The grooves 84 are provided with the protrusions 4 of the tile body Wj.
4 are substantially fitted, and the tile body Wj is not displaced in the crosspiece and the insertion direction during transportation. Protrusions 86 are provided in the longitudinal direction of the groove 84 and near both ends of the groove 84 to prevent the tile body Wj from being displaced in the direction of the head and tail during transportation (see FIG. 11). .

One sagger 80 and one tile W
j is placed in a horizontal state, and the sagger 8 on which the tile body Wj is placed
0 are sequentially sent to the firing furnace 76, and the glaze applied to the tile body Wj is fired in about 30 minutes.

In this embodiment, the glaze G applied to the tile Wj is fired while the tile Wj to which the glaze G is applied is kept horizontal, so that the fired tile Wj to which the glaze G has been applied is fired. Deformation and cracks are reliably suppressed, the occurrence of defective products can be prevented, and the yield can be further improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a rear perspective view of a tile body Wf for a cross tile of an F-type clay tile employed in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state of a back surface when a roof tile of an F-shaped clay tile is laid on a roof.

FIG. 3 is a process chart showing the process of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a main part showing a state in which a plurality of F-type clay tiles for tile roof tiles are placed on a shelf plate of a firing cart and firing is performed in a firing furnace.

FIG. 5 is a side view of a main part showing a state in which a plurality of J-type clay tile tile roof tiles are placed on a firing cart and firing is performed in a firing furnace.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a step of firing a glaze applied to a tile body for a fired F-type clay tile for a cross tile;

FIG. 7 is a rear perspective view of a tile body for a cross tile of a J-shaped clay tile employed in the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state of a back surface when a J-shaped clay tile is laid on a roof.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged front view showing a state in which a plurality of J-type clay tile tile roof tiles are stacked on a firing cart and fired.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing a step of firing a glaze applied to a tile body for a fired J-shaped clay tile for a cross tile.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing a step of firing a glaze applied to a fired tile body according to still another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 12 Mold 12 a Upper die 12 b Lower die 13 Exposed part 14 Convex part 15 Gap 21 Underlap part 23 Overlap part 22 Hook part 24 Drying receiver 26 Baking cart (for tile firing) 28 Firing furnace (tile firing) 30) Shelf plate 32 Support member for tile group 34 Support part 36 Depressed part 38 Rib 42 Hook part 44 Convex part 53 Exposed part 60 Glazing conveyor 62 Hanger 64 Glazing nozzle 66 Firing furnace 68 Firing cart (for firing glaze) 70 Posture control member (for glaze firing) 72 Shelf 74 Fall-over prevention member 75 Shelf 76 Firing furnace (roller hearth type) 78 Conveying roller 80 Sagger 82 Ridge 84 Groove 86 Protrusion Wf Roof tile for F-type clay tile Substrate Wj Roof tile for J-type clay tile tile Mf Froof tile for tile tile for F-type clay tile Mj Roof tile for tile of tile MJ J-type clay tile Tile matrix group G glaze

Claims (5)

[Claims] After the clay tile of the clay tile is pressure-formed, the pressure-formed tile is dried, and the dried tile is placed on a shelf plate of a firing cart to fire the clay tile. In the manufacturing method, after forming a plurality of tiles having a plurality of convex portions on the exposed portion of the back surface of the clay tile at the time of roofing, the tiles are dried in a horizontal state, and the tiles are dried in a horizontal state. A tile group is formed by stacking the tiles in the same direction and in a horizontal state, and a gap is formed between the tiles via the protrusions of the tile, and the group is placed on a shelf board. A method of manufacturing a clay tile, comprising: placing and firing the tiles of a group of fired tiles, applying a glaze to the tiles of the fired tiles, and firing the applied glaze of the tiles. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the glaze applied to the tile is fired while the tile applied with the glaze is kept in an inclined state. 3. The method for producing a clay tile according to claim 1, wherein the glaze applied to the tile is fired while the tile applied with the glaze is kept horizontal. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the glaze applied to the tile is fired while maintaining the tile applied with the glaze in an independent state. 5. The fired tile material is coated with a glaze fired at 650 ° C. or less.
Or the method for producing a clay tile according to 4.