JP2000328873A - Control method for shield machine and their device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To control a direction and posture at a low cost without needing a machine space in a simple structure by forming a taper hood on the edge of a shield frame, and changing the excavation cross section shape of the variable cutter of an excavation cross section shape provided on the front face of the frame to control an excavation direction and posture. SOLUTION: A shield frame 10 being a shield body is formed in the form of a cylinder with a bottom making a rectangular front part 1 the bottom, and divided into the front drum 20 of a bottom side and the rear drum of an opening side. Excavation cross section shape variable cutters 4, 5 are matched to the size of the front part 1 on the front part 1 of the front drum to be rotatably provided in one row. In addition, a taper hood 11 obliquely inclining both the right and left parts of the front part 1 to produce rotation moment by mounting on the excavation residue part formed by the excavation cross section shape variable cutters 4, 5 on the front part 1 of the shield frame 10. The excavation cross section shape of the excavation cross section shape variable cutters 4, 5 is changed to control the boring direction and posture.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for controlling a shield machine and an apparatus for controlling the same, and more particularly, to a method for controlling a shield machine which controls the direction of digging during digging or performs posture control for correcting the posture. It concerns the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, a shield machine having a non-circular cross-section is known as a shield excavator used for excavating a cross-section other than a perfect circle, such as an irregular cross-section such as a rectangular cross-section or a multiple shield.

[0003] This non-circular cross-section shield machine is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.
1 is, for example, formed in a bottomed cylindrical body having a rectangular front portion 42 as a bottom, and has a front body 43 at the bottom and a rear body 44 at the mouth.
The front trunk 43 and the rear trunk 44 are connected by left and right middle folding jacks 45 and 46.
Further, the front trunk 43 is divided into a plurality of excavated portions 43a and 43b, and these excavated portions 43a and 43b are connected by connecting jacks 48 and 49.

A plurality of main cutters 47 are provided on the front part 42 of the front body 43 in a row according to the size of the front part 42, and the main cutter 47 is provided inside the rear body 44. A screw conveyor for discharging the soil excavated by the above through an inlet formed in the front surface portion 42 rearward, and a shield jack for pushing out the shield frame 41 forward are provided.

Thus, the main cutter 4 is pushed while the shield frame 41 is pushed forward by the shield jack.
7, the ground is excavated, and the excavated soil is sequentially conveyed backward by a screw conveyor and excavated.

Further, at the time of curve construction, the middle bend jacks 45 and 46 provided on the left and right sides of the shield frame are adjusted in length to change the front bend 43 with respect to the rear body 44 so as to be advanced. This controls the direction of excavation.

[0007] By the way, this non-circular section shield machine,
There is a problem that the shield frame 41 is vertically inclined (hereinafter, referred to as pitching) due to a difference in hardness of the ground or the like.

In this case, by adjusting the length of the connecting jacks 48 and 49 to control the inclination angle of the front body 43,
I am trying to correct pitching.

[0009] Further, the non-circular cross-section shield machine has a front body 4
Since the main cutter 47 provided on the front part 42 of the base 3 rotates with respect to the excavation surface, when the rotational force of the main cutter 47 becomes larger than the frictional force of the shield frame 41 against the ground due to a hard ground, for example, There is a problem that the shield frame 41 rotates (hereinafter, referred to as rolling) due to the reaction force of the force.

[0010] As a method of correcting the rolling, the center bending jacks 45 and 46 are provided between the respective excavated portions 43a and 43b and the rear trunk 44, and these are configured so that the center bending can be performed independently. In this case, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-250294 discloses a method of correcting the rolling by moving the excavated portions 43a and 43b appropriately in the lateral direction and excavating while controlling the amount of center bending so that the excavated portions are arranged obliquely. It has been disclosed.

[0011]

However, the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-250294 discloses
As shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the middle bent jack is provided between each excavated portion 43a, 43b and the rear trunk 44 and between each excavated portion 43a, 43b. 45,
46 and the connecting jacks 48, 49, and furthermore, all of these middle-bent jacks 45, 46 and the connecting jacks 48, 49 must be controlled, which complicates the control. ,
Since the parts provided with the connecting jacks 46 and the connecting jacks 48 and 49 must be sealed, there is a disadvantage that the apparatus becomes complicated and the cost increases.

As described above, a number of devices such as a screw conveyor and a shield jack are provided in the shield machine.
If the connecting jacks 48 and 49 and the control means for controlling them are provided, not only the length of the shield machine is increased, but also the installation may be difficult due to the space in the machine.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described conventional problems, to provide a simple structure that does not require an in-machine space, and that can control the direction of digging at a low cost, such as directional control or pitching or rolling. It is an object of the present invention to provide a control method of a shield machine and a device for controlling the shield machine capable of performing a posture control to be corrected.

[0014]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for controlling a shield machine, wherein a tapered hood is formed at a tip of a shield frame.
In this method, a digging section shape variable cutter is provided on the front surface of the shield frame, and the digging section direction is controlled by changing the digging section shape of the digging section shape variable cutter.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for controlling a non-circular cross-section shield machine, wherein a tapered hood is formed at a tip of a shield frame, and an excavation cross-section shape variable cutter is provided on a front surface of the shield frame. This is a method of correcting rolling by changing the excavated cross-sectional shape of the cutter.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the shield machine, a tapered hood is formed at a tip of the shield frame,
A variable excavation section shape cutter is provided on the front surface of the shield frame, and the excavation direction and attitude are controlled by changing the excavation cross section shape of the variable excavation section shape cutter.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shield machine having a non-circular cross section, wherein a tapered hood is formed at a tip end of a shield frame, and a cutter having a variable cross section is provided in front of the shield frame. The rolling is corrected by changing the cross-sectional shape.

According to the above configuration, normally, the variable excavation section shape cutter is controlled so as to excavate a section substantially the same as the section of the shield frame. When constructing a curve, reduce the amount of excavation outside. Further, when pitching occurs, the copy cutter is protruded and retracted so as to reduce the amount of excavation on the upper side or lower side of the front part, and the excavation cross-sectional shape is changed. Furthermore, when rolling of a shield machine having a non-circular cross-section occurs, the excavating cross-section shape variable cutter is excavated so as to excavate leaving the left and right portions that are point-symmetric from the center of the front part and are not symmetric with respect to the vertical and horizontal axes. Is controlled. Then, when the shield machine is advanced and the tapered hood rides on the remaining portion of the excavation, a rotational moment is generated in the shield frame, and the attitude of the shield machine is corrected.

[0019]

Next, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a non-circular section shield machine according to the present invention, and FIG.
3A is a side view, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 3A.

As shown in FIG. 3 (a), in the variant shield machine according to the present invention, a shield frame 10 as a shield main body is formed in a bottomed cylindrical body having a rectangular front portion 1 as a bottom. And the front body 20 on the bottom side and the rear body 3 on the mouth side
0. The front body 20 and the rear body 30 are connected by two middle bending jacks 2 and 3, and are divided into a plurality of excavated parts like a conventional shield machine as shown in FIG. In addition, the center bending jack can also change the digging direction only by these two center bending jacks 2 and 3.

As shown in FIG. 1, two excavating sectional shape variable cutters 4 and 5 are provided on the front portion 1 of the front body 20 in a line and rotatable according to the size of the front portion 1. ing.

The cutters 4 and 5 are mainly provided for excavating the ground, and are provided at the tips of the main cutters 4a and 5a so as to be able to protrude and retreat. Copy cutters (expandable cutters) 4b and 5b.

Although not shown, drive means for rotating the main cutters 4a and 5a are connected to the main cutters 4a and 5a. Further, the copy cutters 4b and 5b are linked to the rotation of the main cutters 4a and 5a. A control means for changing the strokes of the cutters 4 and 5 with the excavating section shape being variable is connected.

On the front portion 1 of the shield frame 10, the left and right sides of the front portion 1 are inclined so as to generate a rotational moment by riding on the uncut portion formed by the cutters 4 and 5. The copy cutters 4b and 5b described above are formed with tapered portions 1 of the tapered hood 11.
Appears within approximately 1a.

The inclination angle of the tapered portion 11a of the tapered hood 11 is set to, for example, about 5 degrees, but is determined by the size of the shield frame 10, the performance of the cutters 4, 5 and the condition of the ground. That is, the tapered portion 11
If a is made large, the rolling correction effect can be increased, but as the size is made larger, the excavated surface facing the tapered portion 11a is more likely to collapse, so the angle of the tapered portion 11a is not limited to about 5 degrees and It is formed as large as possible within a range that does not collapse.

Further, inside the shield frame 10,
Although not shown, an inclinometer for detecting rolling, and the copy cutters 4b and 5 according to the detected inclination.
b, the above-mentioned control means, and the main cutters 4a, 5
A screw conveyor for extruding the soil excavated by a through the inlet formed in the front surface portion 1 backward, a shield jack for pushing the shield frame 10 forward, and the like are provided.

Next, a control method using the shield machine will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the main cutters 4a and 5a are normally rotated, and the main cutters 4a and 5a are rotated.
The strokes of the copy cutters 4b and 5b are controlled in accordance with the rotation angles of the a and 5a, and the ground is excavated in the shape of the front surface 1 including the excavation of the position of the tapered hood 11. Along with this excavation, the shield frame 10 is pushed forward by the shield jack, and the excavated soil is sequentially conveyed backward by the screw conveyor and excavated. Further, at the time of curve construction, the strokes of the copy cutters 4b and 5b are controlled so as to reduce the amount of digging outside the front part 1, and digging is performed in an arbitrary direction.

At the time of the normal excavation, the irregular-shaped shield machine may roll due to a difference in hardness of the ground excavated by the upper and lower main cutters 4a and 5a.

When this rolling occurs, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the left and right portions l and r, which are point-symmetric with respect to the center of the front surface portion 1 and are not symmetric with respect to the vertical and horizontal axes, are eliminated. In order to reduce the amount of excavation, the copy cutters 4b and 5b are controlled so that the outer diameters of the portions l and r are reduced. Then, the shield machine is advanced, and the tapered hood 11 rides on the remaining portion of the excavation, so that a rotational moment is generated in the shield frame 10 and the rolling of the shield machine is corrected.

Then, when it is confirmed by the inclinometer that the rolling of the shield machine has been corrected, the cutters 4 and 5 are controlled again as usual, and the ground is excavated.

As described above, according to the present invention, the cutters 4 and 5 which can change the outer diameter of the excavation (excavation cross section) can be used for the cutter, and the taper hood 11 is provided on the front surface 1 of the shield frame 10. By controlling the strokes of the cutters 4 and 5 for excavating the cross-sectional shape, the posture of the shield machine can be corrected. The control of the attitude of the atypical cross-section shield machine can be performed with a simple structure without the need for control means for performing detailed control.

[0034] This makes it possible to easily prevent the segments from being unable to be assembled due to the rolling of the shield machine, thereby improving work efficiency.

The present invention is also applicable to pitching correction.

To correct pitching, a tapered hood having tapered portions on both the upper and lower sides of the front surface 1 of the shield frame 10 is formed.

At the time of excavation, the copy cutters 4b and 5b are protruded and retracted so as to reduce the amount of excavation on the upper side or the lower side, and the posture is controlled by changing the cross-sectional shape of the excavation.

As described above, according to the present invention, similarly to the method of correcting the rolling, the pitching of the shield machine can be easily corrected with a simple structure.

Further, in the present embodiment, the attitude control method and the apparatus for correcting the pitching and the rolling have been described. However, the present invention can be applied to a direction control apparatus for freely changing the excavation direction during excavation.

In this case, a tapered hood is formed at the tip of the shield frame, and the copy cutter is moved in and out so as to stop the excavation in the excavation direction to change the excavation cross-sectional shape, thereby controlling the excavation direction in a desired direction. Can be.

In this embodiment, the front surface 1 of the shield frame 10 is formed in a rectangular shape, and an example has been described in which the present invention is applied to a shield machine having an irregular cross section in which two cutters are provided in accordance with the front surface. However, the shape of the excavation surface is not limited to a rectangular shape, and it is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to a shield machine that excavates a cross-sectional shape other than a perfect circle, such as a multiple shield.

Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to a shield machine provided with one or three or more cutters.

[0043]

In summary, according to the present invention, the digging direction can be controlled with a simple structure, and pitching and rolling can be easily corrected.

Furthermore, work interruption due to occurrence of rolling can be eliminated, and work efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a non-circular cross-section shield showing one embodiment of the present invention.

2 shows a front view of the non-circular cross-section shield of FIG. 1,
(A) is a figure which shows the extra excavation outer diameter of the digging cross-section variable shape cutter at the time of normal, and (b) is a figure which shows the extra digging outer diameter of the excavation cross-section variable shape cutter at the time of attitude control.

3A and 3B show a posture control device of the shield having a non-circular cross-section shown in FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 3A is a side view and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA.

4A and 4B show a conventional attitude control device for a non-circular cross-section shield, where FIG. 4A is a side view and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Front part 4,5 Excavation sectional shape variable cutter 4a, 5a Main cutter 4b, 5b Copy cutter (telescopic cutter) 10 Shield frame 11 Tapered hood 20 Front trunk

Claims (4)

[Claims] In a method of controlling a shield machine, a tapered hood is formed at a tip of a shield frame, a variable digging section shape cutter is provided in front of the shield frame, and a variable digging section shape of the variable digging section shape cutter is changed. A method of controlling a shield excavator, characterized in that the excavation direction and the attitude are controlled by causing the excavation direction. 2. A method of controlling a shield machine having a non-circular cross section, wherein a tapered hood is formed at a tip of a shield frame,
A method for controlling a non-circular cross-section shield machine, comprising: providing a cutter having a variable excavation cross-sectional shape in front of the shield frame; and modifying rolling by changing the excavation cross-sectional shape of the cutter having a variable excavation cross-sectional shape. 3. In a shield machine, a tapered hood is formed at a tip of a shield frame, a digging cross section variable cutter is provided on a front surface of the shield frame, and a digging cross section of the digging cross section variable cutter is changed. A shield excavator characterized by controlling the excavation direction and attitude. 4. A non-circular cross-section shield machine, wherein a tapered hood is formed at a tip of a shield frame, and a digging cross-section shape variable cutter is provided on a front surface of the shield frame, and the digging cross-section shape of the digging cross-section shape variable cutter is changed. A non-circular cross-section shield machine characterized by correcting rolling.