JP4038129B2 - Shield machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a shield machine used for constructing a shield tunnel having a modified cross section.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a shield machine that constructs a conventional shield tunnel with an irregular cross section, as shown in Patent Document 1, two swing cutters d having a plurality of spokes c each having a drill bit b are provided at the end of the shield body in the direction of digging. There is a shield machine a arranged in parallel (see FIG. 5). Here, the swinging means that the cutter reciprocates around a rotation angle around a rotation axis. Further, as shown in Patent Document 2, there is also a shield machine in which three swing cutters are arranged in the center so as not to interfere with each other and an auxiliary cutter for excavating an irregular corner is provided.
Furthermore, there is also a shield machine that constructs a deformed cross-section shield by expanding and contracting a telescopic cutter in the radial direction of the rotating disk from time to time (see Patent Document 3).
Normally, a shield machine uses a motor-driven drive mechanism to perform excavation while rotating a rotary disk equipped with a drill bit by 360 degrees. The shield machine a shown in Patent Document 1 uses a link mechanism to expand and contract a hydraulic jack. Then, the rocking cutter d is dug while swinging about 100 degrees.
The ordinary shield machine uses a large number of motors to rotate the rotating disk, but the shield machine a of Patent Document 1 uses a smaller number of hydraulic jacks than the motors in comparison with the number of motors. Therefore, it is possible to simplify the internal structure of the shield machine a and reduce the manufacturing cost of the shield machine a.
The shield machine a of Patent Document 1 is provided with a telescopic cutter e that can be expanded and contracted at the end of the swing cutter d, and by adjusting the expansion and contraction of the telescopic cutter e, not only a circular shape but also an elliptical or rectangular shaped cross section It is possible to construct a shield tunnel.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-140979 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-10-77790 [Patent Document 3]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-280873 [0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The above-described conventional shield machine has the following problems.
<A> In the case of a shield machine in which two rocking cutters are arranged in parallel, since the two rocking cutters rock in the same direction, it is difficult to determine the traveling direction of the shield body.
<B> In the case of a shield machine with two oscillating cutters arranged in parallel, the unexcavated portion by the two cutters becomes large, and it is necessary to provide a large-scale telescopic cutter to excavate the unexcavated portion . Therefore, there is a problem that the production and control mechanism of the telescopic cutter is costly.
<C> When constructing an irregular cross-section shield using an earth pressure shield machine, the shield machine with two rocking cutters arranged side by side is earth pressure type, so there is no cutting by a rotating disk. The cutting effect and stirring effect are poor, and it is difficult to ensure the stability of the face.
<D> In order to improve the ground cutting effect and stirring effect in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to provide a large number of excavation bits.
[0005]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a shield machine in which the traveling direction of the shield body does not become unstable due to the swing of the swing cutter. Moreover, it aims at providing the shield machine which does not need to provide a large-scale expansion-contraction cutter.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a shield machine capable of enhancing the cutting effect and stirring effect of the ground without increasing the number of excavation bits and ensuring the stability of the face.
The present invention achieves at least one of these objects.
[0006]
[Means for solving the problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a shield machine according to the present invention includes a rotating disk provided with a plurality of excavating bits and two oscillating cutters provided adjacent to the rotating disk so as to sandwich the rotating disk. The oscillating cutter is a cutter having a shape in which two wings are bent and intersected, and is characterized in that the rotating plate and the oscillating cutter are arranged so as not to interfere by shifting back and forth. It is a shield machine.
The swing cutter can be pivotally supported by a bent portion so that the swing cutter can be swung by an extension / contraction operation of a jack provided on the wing portion.
The shield machine is provided with a telescopic cutter that can extend and contract in the radial direction of the rotating disk at an end of the rotating disk, and enables excavation of an unexcavated portion that cannot be excavated by the rotating disk and the swinging cutter. be able to.
Furthermore, the shield machine can be provided with a backfilling injection device for performing backfilling in an overexcavated portion that is excavated by the swing cutter and exceeds the planned excavation section line.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0008]
<I> Turntable (Figs. 1 and 2)
The turntable 2 is a disk provided at the end of the shield machine 1 in the digging direction so as to rotate around the digging axis. A plurality of excavation bits 21 are provided on the excavation surface side of the turntable 2, and the ground is cut by the excavation bits 21 by the rotation of the turntable 2 to construct a tunnel. The cut ground is agitated in the chamber on the back surface of the rotating disk 2 and carried out by a belt conveyor or the like.
In the shield machine, as shown in FIG. 5, a shield machine a that cuts the ground while rocking or rotating a plurality of spokes c having a drill bit b instead of the rotary disk 2. There is. In the case of earth pressure type shield excavator, the excavation is usually carried out while ensuring the stability of the entire face by a rotating disk. However, since the above-described spoke-type shield machine a has a smaller ground contact area than the shield machine 1 having the rotating disk 2, it is difficult to ensure the stability of the face.
Therefore, the shield machine 1 of the present invention includes a rotating disk 2 as a main cutter, and includes, for example, two rocking cutters 3 so as to sandwich the rotating disk 2 as an auxiliary cutter in order to construct a deformed section tunnel. By doing so, it is possible to construct a shield with a modified cross-section while stabilizing the face.
[0009]
<Ro> Tunnels with irregular cross-sections Tunnels with irregular cross-sections are generally well-known tunnels with cross-sectional shapes other than circular, for example, rectangular (horizontal, vertical), elliptical, Both sides of the cross section are arcuate, and the middle part includes a straight ellipse. Coupled with the diversification of the use of underground tunnels, various variations are required for the shape of the tunnel cross section.
The shield machine 1 of the present invention is a shield machine used for constructing a modified cross-section tunnel corresponding to the above requirements.
[0010]
<C> Oscillating Cutter The oscillating cutter 3 is an auxiliary cutter provided, for example, two on the left and right or top and bottom of the rotating disk 2 so as to sandwich the rotating disk 2. Here, the swinging means that the cutter reciprocates around a rotation angle around a rotation axis. Although the shield machine 1 of the present invention includes the rotating disk 2 in the center, even when the telescopic cutter 22 is extended from the rotating disk 2 while being adjusted, a large-shaped irregular shaped tunnel is constructed. There are limits. In addition, in a shield machine equipped with multiple turntables in the same plane, the number of rotary motors to be equipped becomes too large, the structure inside the shield machine is complicated, and the cost required to manufacture the shield machine is expensive. . On the other hand, with the spoke-type shield machine a described above, it is difficult to ensure the stability of the face, and the ground cutting efficiency and stirring efficiency are also poor.
Therefore, in the present invention, the rotating disk 2 is provided as a main cutter in the center, and two rocking cutters 3 are provided on the left and right of the rotating disk 2 so as to sandwich the rotating disk 2 while ensuring the stability of the entire face. (See FIG. 1).
In addition, the rotating disk 2 and the rocking cutter 3 can be arranged so as not to interfere with each other by being shifted forward and backward.
[0011]
The shape of the swing cutter 3 is preferably a shape bent in a boomerang shape so as to have, for example, two wing portions 30. Here, the bending angle of the two wing portions 30 can be formed to, for example, 145 degrees. When finishing the side surface of the irregular cross section in a straight line, if the bending angle of the swing cutter 3 is formed to 145 degrees as described above, the swing angle becomes 35 degrees.
The swing cutter 3 is pivotally supported by a pivotal support portion 32 provided at a bent portion where two wing portions 30 intersect. The two wing parts 30 are connected to a jack 31 respectively. When the swing cutter 3 is swung to one side, the swing cutter 3 can be swung around the shaft support portion 32 by extending or contracting the swinging jack 31 and extending the other jack 31. Yes (see FIG. 3). As the jack 31, for example, a hydraulic jack can be used.
The two swing cutters 3 can be swung in opposite directions. That is, when one of them swings clockwise, the other counterclockwise swings, so that it is possible to solve the problem that it is difficult to determine the traveling direction of the shield machine that occurs when the shield machine a is used.
[0012]
<D> Telescopic cutter The telescopic cutter 22 can be provided at the end of the rotary disk 2 so as to be extendable in the radial direction of the rotary disk 2. The purpose of providing the telescopic cutter 22 is to enable excavation of the unexcavated portion 6 that cannot be excavated by the rotating disk 2 and the swing cutter 3.
That is, as shown in FIG. 4, with only the turntable 2 and the swing cutter 3, the unexcavated portion surrounded by the rotation locus of the turntable 2, the swing locus of the swing cutter 3, and the planned excavation section line 5. 6 may occur. When the unexcavated portion 6 is excavated, the unexcavated portion 6 is excavated while the telescopic cutter 22 is extended before entering the region of the unexcavated portion 6 when the turntable 2 rotates. The unexcavated portion 22 is excavated while adjusting the extension length and the extension length of the extension cutter 22.
In addition, since the range of this unexcavated part 6 does not become an excessively large thing, the expansion-contraction cutter 22 does not need to be taken as a large-scale structure.
[0013]
<E> When the backfilling device swinging cutter 3 is swung, the rocking trajectory exceeds the planned excavation section line 5, and thus an excessive excavation part 7 may occur (see FIG. 4). Therefore, the shield machine 1 is equipped with the backfilling injection device 4 for filling the overexcavation part 7 with the injection material 41. Since the overexcavated portion 7 can be generated on the upper, lower, and side surfaces of the excavated irregular cross section, it is possible to inject immediately after the overexcavated portion 7 occurs by providing the shield machine 1 with one or a plurality of backfill injection devices 4. It is possible to construct a tunnel in which the material 41 is filled and the planned section line 5 is secured.
In addition, as a material of the injection material 41, mortar or the like can be used.
[0014]
【The invention's effect】
Since the shield machine of the present invention is as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
<I> A shield tunnel with an irregular cross section can be constructed while ensuring the stability of the face.
<B> By preventing the plurality of oscillating cutters from oscillating in the same direction, the traveling direction of the shield machine is easily determined in a certain direction.
<C> Since the swing of the swing cutter is operated by the expansion and contraction of the jack, a large-scale swing device is not required.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a shield machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a shield machine according to the present invention.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams illustrating the swing of the swing cutter. FIG. 3A is an explanatory diagram when the swing cutter is swung clockwise, and FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating the swing cutter counterclockwise. Explanatory drawing at the time of making it rock.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating filling of an overexcavated portion with an injection material and excavating an unexcavated portion with an extension cutter.
FIG. 5 is a front view showing a shield machine in which two swing cutters having a plurality of spokes are arranged in parallel among conventional modified cross-section shield machines.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Shield machine 2 ... Turntable 21 ... Drilling bit 22 ... Telescopic cutter 3 ... Swing cutter 30 ... Wing 31 ... Jack 4 ... Backfill injection device 5 ...・ Planned excavation section line 6 ... Unexcavated part 7 ... Excavated part

Claims (4)

In a shield machine that excavates a tunnel with an irregular cross section by a rotating disk that rotates around the drilling axis at the end of the shield machine main body in the direction of drilling,
A turntable provided with a plurality of excavation bits;
It consists of two swing cutters provided adjacent to the turntable so as to sandwich the turntable,
An oscillating cutter is a cutter shaped by bending two wings together ,
The rotating plate and the swing cutter are arranged so as not to interfere by shifting back and forth,
Shield machine. In the shield machine according to claim 1,
The swing cutter is pivotally supported at the bent portion so as to be swingable,
The rocking cutter is characterized in that it can be swung by an expansion / contraction operation of a jack provided on a wing part,
Shield machine. In the shield machine according to claim 1 or 2,
At the end of the rotating disk, an extendable cutter that can expand and contract in the radial direction of the rotating disk is provided,
It is possible to excavate an unexcavated portion that cannot be excavated with the rotating disk and the swing cutter,
Shield machine. In the shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A portion excavated by the rocking cutter, characterized in that the shield excavator is provided with a backfill injection device for performing backfill injection to an overexcavated portion exceeding a planned excavation section line,
Shield machine.

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