WO2006003917A1

WO2006003917A1 - Shield machine and method of preventing side ground from being deformed

Info

Publication number: WO2006003917A1
Application number: PCT/JP2005/011919
Authority: WO
Inventors: Keizo Miki; Masataka Hayashi; Fumiyuki Yokomizo; Komei Sakamoto; Seiji Hatachi; Masahiro Yoshida; Sadafumi Inoue
Original assignee: Obayashi Corporation
Priority date: 2004-07-02
Filing date: 2005-06-29
Publication date: 2006-01-12

Abstract

A shield machine and a method of preventing a side ground from being deformed. The shield machine (1) used when a tunnel underpassing a road is constructed comprises a plurality of rectangular main shields (6) combined with each other laterally and longitudinally in a specified arrangement and drivable independently of each other and a plurality of rectangular side- part shields (15) installed on the outer sides of the main shields (6) on both sides independently of each other and having a width smaller than that of the main shields (6). The both sides of an approach district are excavated by the side-part shields (15) by driving the side-part shields (15) prior to the main shields (6) when the approach district to the tunnel is bored, and the both sides of the approach district are prevented from being collapsed by the excavated portions.

Description

Specification

Shield machine and side ground deformation prevention method

Technical field

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a shield machine and a side ground deformation prevention method, and more particularly to a shield machine and a side ground ground deformation prevention method effective for constructing a tunnel that underpasses a road or the like.

Background art

[0002] Generally, when constructing a tunnel that underpasses a road or the like, a shield method is used in which segments are sequentially laid on the excavated portion while the ground is being excavated using a shield machine.

[0003] The shield method can construct a tunnel that underpasses roads and the like without excavating the roads, and therefore can shorten the construction period and reduce construction costs. . In addition, since there is no need to block traffic, it does not affect the surrounding residential environment (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Patent Document 1: JP-A-10-184268

Disclosure of the invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

[0004] When digging the approach section to the tunnel using the shield method as described above, the outer parts of the approach section are outside the construction-occupied section where general automobiles, etc. run. It is necessary to prevent ground deformation due to excavation. For this reason, sheet piles, etc. are usually placed on both sides of the approach section to prevent the ground on both sides from collapsing. The construction cost will be high.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems. When a tunnel that underpasses a road or the like is constructed, the ground on both sides of the approach section to the tunnel is collapsed. It is an object to provide a shield machine and a method for preventing side ground deformation that can be easily prevented, thereby shortening the construction period and reducing the construction cost. Is.

Means for solving the problem

The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.

[0007] That is, the invention according to claim 1 is a shield machine used when constructing a tunnel that underlines a road or the like, and is combined in a predetermined arrangement vertically and horizontally, and each is driven independently. A plurality of rectangular main shields that can be driven independently of the main shields on both sides, and a plurality of rectangular side shields that are narrower than the main shields. When the approach section is dug, the side shield is driven in advance of the main shield, and then the main shield is driven.

According to the shield machine according to the present invention, when excavating the approach section, the side shields can excavate the portions on both sides of the excavation target portion with a small width, so that the outer portion without placing a sheet pile or the like. Can be prevented from collapsing.

[0008] The invention according to claim 2 is the shielding machine according to claim 1, wherein the main shield behaves so as to excavate a rectangular region of the main shield and moves to the side shield side. It has a cutter that can handle the side shield by moving the rectangular area to the side shield side while driving the side shield while digging the tunnel section. The part to be drilled is also configured to be excavated by the main shield.

According to the shield machine of the present invention, in the tunnel section, the ground can be excavated only by the main shield while the driving of the side shield is stopped, so that the excavation efficiency can be increased. .

[0009] The invention according to claim 3 is the shielding machine according to claim 1, wherein the main shield includes a cutter that behaves so as to excavate a rectangular region of the main shield. When digging, the auxiliary shield cutter is configured to excavate a portion corresponding to the side shield while driving the side shield is stopped. According to the shield machine of the present invention, in the tunnel section, the ground can be excavated only by the main shield in a state where the driving of the side shield is stopped. Cutting efficiency can be increased.

[0010] The invention according to claim 4 is the shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the side shield is configured to be able to protrude and retract from the casing, and protrudes from the casing when driven, and is not It is configured to be immersed in the casing when driven. According to the shield machine of the present invention, when the tunnel section is excavated by the main shield, the side shield is immersed in the casing, so when the direction of the shield machine is changed, The direction can be changed smoothly without the shield being in the way.

[0011] The invention according to claim 5 uses the shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4 to excavate an approach section of a tunnel that underpasses a road or the like, thereby providing a side portion of the approach section. It is configured to prevent ground deformation.

According to the lateral ground deformation prevention method according to the present invention, when excavating the approach section to the tunnel, it is possible to prevent the outside of the approach section without laying a sheet pile or the like from collapsing. Become.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a shield machine and a start method of the shield machine according to the present invention, and shows the state of the side shields on both sides of the lower stage in the first stage excavation. FIG.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state where the side shield of FIG. 1 is further advanced.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the state of excavation of the main shield on both sides of the lower stage.

[FIG. 4] An explanatory view showing the state of progress of the main shield in the middle of the lower stage.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the state of the side shields on both sides of the lower stage in the second stage excavation.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a state where the side shield of FIG. 5 is further advanced.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a state where the side shield of FIG. 5 is further advanced.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing the state of excavation of the main shield on both sides of the lower stage.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of progress of the main shield in the middle of the lower stage. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of the side shields on both sides of the lower stage in the third stage excavation.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing a 1-stage x 2-row shield machine.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing an eccentric state of the main shield of the shield machine of FIG. 11.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

[0013] 1 shield machine, 2 machine body, 3 front fuselage, 6 main shield,

7 Shield body, 8 Cutter head (cutter), 9 Cutter blade,

10 slide jack, 11 drive source, 12 power transmission mechanism,

15 side shield, 16 shield body,

17 Cutter head (cutter), 18 Cutter blade, 26 Rear fuselage

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described.

FIG. 1 to FIG. 14 show an embodiment of a shield machine and side ground deformation prevention method according to the present invention. It is effective for constructing a tunnel.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 and FIGS. 11 to 14, the shield machine 1 according to this embodiment includes a machine main body 2 having cutter blades 9 and 18 for excavating the ground. And a power unit 25 for propelling the machine main body 2 and a connecting means (not shown) for connecting the machine main body 2 and the power unit 25 to each other.

[0016] The machine body 2 is arranged in a rectangular cylinder-shaped front body (casing) 3 and a predetermined combination vertically and horizontally in the front body 3, and each of them can independently emerge from the front body 3, and A plurality of rectangular main shields 6 that can be driven independently, and the main shield 6 at both ends in the width direction and the front fuselage 3 are provided, and each can independently emerge from the front fuselage 3. And a plurality of side shields 15 each having a rectangular shape smaller than the main shield 6 that can be driven independently.

[0017] Inside the front body 3, each main shield 6 and each side shield 15 are slidably provided. Therefore, it is configured to be able to invade from the front body 3 toward the front thereof. Each shield 6 and each side shield 15 are configured to be able to appear and retract from the front body 3 independently. A partition wall integral with the front fuselage 3 can be provided between the main shields 6 and between the main shield 6 and the side shields 15.

[0018] The arrangement of the main shield 6 can be an appropriate combination depending on the shape, size, etc. of the excavation cross section of the tunnel to be constructed, and those shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 are vertical X horizontal = 2 (Stage) X3 (Column) In the cases shown in Fig. 11 to Fig.14, vertical X width = 1 (stage) X2 (column).

Each main shield 6 includes a rectangular shield body 7 slidably provided in the front body 3, and a slide jack that is provided between the shield body 7 and the front body 3 to move the shield body 7 forward and backward. 10 and behaves like excavating the rectangular area of the main shield 6 on the front side of the shield body 7 and shifts horizontally while drawing a straight line or arc toward the side shield 15 as shown in Fig. 12. A cutter head (cutter) 8 having a cutter blade 9 at the tip, a drive source 11 provided in the shield body 7, and a power transmission mechanism 12 for transmitting the drive force of the drive source 11 to the cutter head 8. Each main shield 6 is configured to be driven independently. The cutter head 8 is an abbreviation for the well-known OHM method (Omni-sectional) Hedge tunneling method for excavating the rectangular area of the main shield 6. By rotating the three spoke drive shafts eccentrically and reversely, a square digging shape can be excavated: http: 〃 w ww.zenitaka.co.jp/tech/t41004 ”(see html etc.) It becomes a mechanism! /

[0020] Each side shield 15 is provided between a rectangular shield main body 16 slidably provided in the front fuselage 3 and between the shield main body 16 and the front fuselage 3, and moves the shield main body 16 forward and backward. Slide jack 19 to be rotated, provided rotatably on the front side of the shield body 16, and a cutter head 17 having a cutter blade 18 at the tip, a drive source 20 provided on the shield body 16, and a drive source 20 And a power transmission mechanism 21 for transmitting the driving force to the cutter head 17, and each side shield 15 is configured to be independently drivable.

A discharge device (not shown) for discharging the excavated earth and sand is connected to the shield body 7 of each main shield 6 and the shield body 16 of each side shield 15.

[0022] The power unit 25 is connected to the rear part of the front body 3 of the machine body 2 via a connecting means (not shown). A rectangular tubular rear body 26 to be connected, and a plurality of shield jacks 27 provided at four corners of the rear body 26 to propel the entire shielding machine 1 are provided.

[0023] The connecting means includes a connecting joint (not shown) that connects the front body 3 and the rear body 26 so as to be relatively bendable in the vertical and horizontal directions, and between the front body 3 and the rear body 26. And a foldable jack 28 that sets relative bending angles in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction with respect to the rear body 26 of the front body 3 to predetermined values.

[0024] A segment assembling device (not shown) is provided inside the rear body 26. By this segment assembling device, segments (not shown) are sequentially assembled on the inner surface of the excavated portion, and the inner wall by the segment is assembled. Is built.

[0025] In order to construct a tunnel using the shield machine 1 according to this embodiment configured as described above, first, the ground start unit located at the end of the approach section to the tunnel is installed. 1 and 2, rotate the cutter heads 17 and 17 of the side shields 15 and 15 located on the outer sides of the lower stage and operate the slide jacks 19 and 19 to operate the side shields. 15 and 15 are projected from the front body 3 at a predetermined speed, and the ground located in front of the side shields 15 and 15 is excavated by the cutter blades 18 and 18 of the cutter heads 17 and 17.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the cutter heads 8 and 8 of the main shields 6 and 6 located on both outer sides of the lower stage are rotationally driven, and the slide jacks 10 and 10 are operated to turn both the main shields 6 and 6 6 is projected from the same body 3 of the previous month at a predetermined speed, and the ground located in front of both main shields 6 and 6 is excavated by the cutter heads 9 and 9 of the cutter heads 8 and 8, and the excavated part is laterally Communicate to the excavated part with shields 15 and 15

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the cutter head 8 of the main shield 6 located at the center of the lower end is rotated and the slide jack 10 is operated to move the main shield 6 from the front body 3 to a predetermined speed. The ground located in front of the main shield 6 is excavated by the cutter blade 9 of the cutter head 8 and the excavated portion is communicated with the excavated portions by the main shields 6 and 6 on both sides.

[0028] In this manner, the first stage excavation for the approach section is completed by the lower three main shields 6, 6, 6 and the two side shields 15, 15. [0029] Next, with the lower three main shields 6, 6, 6 and the two side seeds 15, 15 protruding from the front fuselage 3 force, the shield jack 27 of the power unit 25 is operated. , Move the entire shield machine 1 forward and rotate the cutter heads 17 and 17 of the side shields 15 and 15 on both sides of the lower stage to operate the slide jacks 19 and 19 as shown in Figs. As a result, the shields 15 and 15 on both sides protrude from the front body 3 at a predetermined speed, and the ground located in front of the shields 15 and 15 on both sides is excavated by the cutter blades 18 and 18 of the cutter heads 17 and 17. The excavated part is communicated with the first excavated part.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the cutter heads 8 and 8 of the main shields 6 and 6 located on both outer sides of the lower stage are rotationally driven, and the slide jacks 10 and 10 are operated so that both the main shields 6 and 6 6 is projected from the same body 3 of the previous month at a predetermined speed, and the ground located in front of both main shields 6 and 6 is excavated by the cutter heads 9 and 9 of the cutter heads 8 and 8, and the excavated part is laterally Communicate to the excavated part with shields 15 and 15

Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the cutter head 8 of the main shield 6 located at the central portion of the lower end is driven to rotate, and the slide jack 10 of the main shield 6 is operated, whereby the main shield 6 Projecting from the front fuselage 3 at a predetermined speed, the ground located in front of the main shield 6 was excavated by the cutter blade 9 of the cutter head 8, and the excavated portion was excavated by the main shields 6 and 6 on both sides. Communicate with the part.

[0032] In this manner, the lower three main shields 6, 6, 6 and the two side shields 15, 15 complete the second stage excavation for the approach section. By repeating excavation with the three main shields 6, 6, 6 and the two side shields 15, 15 in the lower stage, the entire length of the approach section to the tunnel can be excavated.

[0033] In the above case, when the depth of the approach section is deeper than the height of the lower main shields 6, 6, 6 and the side shields 15, 15, the upper main shields 6, 6, By driving 6 and side shields 15, 15, it is possible to cope with excavation of approach sections of such depth.

[0034] After the excavation in the approach section as described above is completed, in order to continue excavation in the tunnel section, the side shields 15 and 15 are immersed in the front fuselage 3 and the side shield 15 , 15 with the three main shields in the lower row 6, 6, 6 and the three main shields in the upper row It is sufficient to drive the nodes 6, 6, and 6, respectively. In this case, by shifting the rotation axis of the cutter blade 9, the rectangular region excavated by the cutter blade 9 can be moved to the side shield 15 side, and the portion corresponding to the side shield 15 is also the main shield 6 , 6 can be excavated. When excavating the tunnel section, if the side shields 15 and 15 are operated, the side shields may interfere when the direction of the shield machine is changed. The part corresponding to the side shield can be excavated while the direction can be changed smoothly without activating 15.

By the way, when the rectangular area excavated by the cutter blade 9 is moved to the side shield 15 side, an area that is not excavated by the cutter blade 9 is generated in the original rectangular area of the main shield 6. Since this area is located inside the shield machine 1 as a whole, depending on the soil, the shield machine 1 can also be dug up until it is excavated by a cutter, but the tip force of the cutter head 8, for example, can also appear. It is also possible to excavate the non-excavated portion with this copy cutter.

[0036] Instead of moving the rectangular area excavated by the cutter blade 9 to the side shield 15 side, a copy cutter provided in an auxiliary manner so as to be able to protrude from the tip of the cutter head 8, one other auxiliary cutter The part corresponding to the side shield 15 can also be excavated.

[0037] In the shield machine and the side ground deformation prevention method according to this embodiment configured as described above, when excavating the approach section to the tunnel, the side shield 15 is changed to the main shield 6. Since it is driven in advance and the side shield 15 is configured to excavate both sides of the approach section with a small width, both sides of the approach section can be prevented from collapsing. Therefore, it is not necessary to place sheet piles or the like on both sides of the approach section, so the period can be shortened and construction costs can be reduced.

[0038] When excavating the tunnel section, the tunnel section can be excavated by driving the main shield while the side shield is stopped. Therefore, the tunnel section can be excavated efficiently. It can be carried out.

[0039] Further, when excavating the tunnel section, the side shield 15 is immersed in the front fuselage 3. Therefore, when the direction of the entire shield machine 1 is changed, the direction of the entire shield machine 1 can be smoothly changed without causing the side shield 15 to get in the way.

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] A shield machine used to construct a tunnel that undernoses roads, etc., which is combined in a predetermined arrangement vertically and horizontally, each having a plurality of rectangular main shields that can be driven independently, It is provided outside the main shield on both sides so that it can be driven independently, and is provided with a plurality of rectangular side shields that are narrower than the main shield, and when digging the approach section to the tunnel, A shield machine characterized in that a side shield is driven in advance of the main shield, and then the main shield is driven.

[2] The main shield behaves so as to excavate a rectangular region of the main shield, and has a movable cutter on the side shield side. The structure corresponding to the side shield is also excavated by the main shield by moving the rectangular region to the side shield side with the drive stopped. Shield machine as described in.

[3] The main shield has a cutter that behaves so as to excavate a rectangular area of the main shield, and when the tunnel section is dug, the side shield is stopped by an auxiliary cutter. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the shield machine is configured to excavate a portion corresponding to the side shield.

[4] The side shield according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the side shield is configured to be retractable from the casing, protrudes from the casing when driven, and is inserted into the casing when not driven. A shielding machine according to any one of the above.

[5] By using the shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the approach section of the tunnel that underpasses a road or the like is dug to prevent side ground deformation of the approach section. A side ground deformation prevention method characterized by comprising.