JP2000236714A - Movable agricultural machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To properly change and control the speed of revolutions of an engine and the velocity ratio of an infinitive variable-speed mechanism according to a working condition by a single accelerator operation member. SOLUTION: In this movable agricultural machine equipped with an accelerator operation member 87 for changing and operating the rotation of an engine and an infinitive variable-speed mechanism for continuously varying the rotational output of the engine and changing a working rate, the agricultural machine is provided with a velocity ratio control changing means 98 for interlocking and connecting the accelerator operation member 87 to the infinitive variable- speed mechanism under a fixed working condition and releasing the interlock except the fixed working condition and maintaining the velocity ratio of the infinitive variable-speed mechanism at the minimum velocity.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mobile agricultural machine such as a rice transplanter for continuously performing seedling planting operations, for example, having a seedling table and planting claws.

[0002]

For example, when changing the working speed of a rice transplanter, the accelerator operation performed by the engine and
There are a main shifting operation performed in the transmission case and a sub-shifting operation performed by activating the continuously variable transmission mechanism at the time of the "planting" operation of the main transmission. The sub-shift operation is usually performed by two systems. However, such two-system shift operation has a disadvantage that the operation is complicated and operability is poor. Therefore, there is a means in which the accelerator operation and the sub-shift operation are integrated into one and operated in conjunction with one of them. However, in road running or reverse running other than during planting work, these interlocks are released each time. There is a need. In the structure in which the accelerator operation and the auxiliary speed change operation are linked during the planting operation, and the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism is controlled to change proportionally to the engine speed by the accelerator operation, the engine speed In the vicinity of the maximum value and the minimum value, the speed ratio also becomes the maximum speed and the minimum speed value, and there is a disadvantage that the working speed becomes unstable in the maximum speed and minimum speed rotation ranges where the variation of the engine speed is relatively large. Further, when the running load is large at the time of the maximum engine output, the engine speed decreases and the performance of the raising / lowering mechanism and the horizontal control mechanism (hydraulic pump) of the planting section driven by the engine output also deteriorates. .

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides a moving device having an accelerator operating member for shifting the speed of the engine, and a continuously variable transmission mechanism for changing the working speed by continuously changing the rotational output of the engine. In an agricultural machine, the speed ratio is such that the accelerator operation member and the continuously variable transmission mechanism are interlocked and linked under a constant working condition, and the linkage is released and the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism is maintained at the lowest speed except under a fixed working condition. The control switching means is provided to change the engine speed and the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism simultaneously with a single accelerator operating member under certain working conditions, such as planting work, so that the operability and feeling (automobile feeling) can be improved. ), And when the operating conditions are not constant, such as running on the road or moving backwards, the speed ratio control switching means can easily release these interlocks to maintain a low operating speed and good stability. It is intended to perform the work.

[0004] Further, a speed increasing operation member for increasing the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism from a minimum speed to an intermediate speed is provided under a condition other than under a constant working condition, so that the speed ratio is controlled in a field or on a road at a low speed. The running speed is easily increased by the speed increasing operation member,
It is intended to speed up moving work and the like.

Further, in a mobile agricultural machine equipped with an accelerator operating member for changing the speed of rotation of the engine and a continuously variable transmission mechanism for continuously changing the rotation output of the engine to change the working speed, the operation is performed under a constant working condition. The accelerator operation member and the continuously variable transmission mechanism are interlocked and connected, and the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism is maintained at the minimum speed and the maximum speed value in the constant low rotation region and the constant high rotation region of the engine by the accelerator operation member. At the same time, the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism is changed and controlled in proportion to the engine speed in these intermediate speed ranges, thereby improving the acceleration performance of the operating speed in the engine middle speed range by the accelerator operating member. In addition to improving the work efficiency, the work speed near the high speed and low speed of the engine is stabilized, and the workability is improved.

[0006] Further, a mode changing means for changing the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism to a plurality of engine speeds is provided, so that a field having a large running load (deep cultivator, clay, hard surface) or a machine can be used. A mode suitable for various operation conditions such as conditions is selected to perform a highly efficient operation while sufficiently securing a necessary engine output.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a riding rice transplanter, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same. In FIG. 1, (1) is a traveling vehicle on which an operator rides, and an engine (2) is mounted on a body frame (3). A front paddle traveling wheel (6) is supported in front of a case (4) via a front axle case (5), and a rear axle case (7) is connected to a rear portion of the transmission case (4). 7) Support the paddy field rear wheel (8). A spare seedling mount (10) is attached to both sides of the hood (9) covering the engine (2) and the like, and the step of getting on and off (1)
The transmission case (4) and the like are covered by a body cover (12) on which an operator rides via 1), and a driver's seat (13) is mounted on the upper part of the body cover (12). Then, a steering handle (14) is provided at the rear of the hood (9).

[0008] In the figure, (15) is a planting section provided with a seedling mounting table (16) for six-row planting and a plurality of planting claws (17). Forward tilting seedling platform (1
6) is supported on a planting case (20) via a lower rail (18) and a guide rail (19) so as to be reciprocally slidable right and left, and a rotary case (21) is rotated at a constant speed in one direction. A pair of claw cases (22) and (22) are supported at the case (20) and symmetrically positioned around the rotation axis of the case (21), and the claw case (22) is provided.
(22) Attach the planting claws (17) and (17) to the tip. A hitch bracket (24) is provided on the front side of the planting case (20) via a rolling fulcrum shaft (23), and is provided via a lifting link mechanism (27) including a top link (25) and a lower link (26). A hitch bracket (24) is connected to the rear side of the traveling vehicle (1), and the link mechanism (2)
7) a hydraulic lifting cylinder (28) for raising and lowering the planting section (15) is connected to the lower link (26), and the front and rear wheels (6) and (8) are driven and moved,
A seedling for one plant is taken out from a seedling mounting table (16) that is reciprocally slid left and right by a planting claw (17), and the seedling planting operation is continuously performed.

In the drawing, (29) is the main speed change lever, (3)
0) is a planting lever, (31) is a sensitivity setting device, (32) is a main clutch pedal, (33) and (33) are left and right brake pedals, (34) is a two-floor leveling center float, and (3)
5) is a side float for leveling two rows, and (36) is a side fertilizer for 6 rows.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the vehicle body frame (3) is tilted to a front low and rear high (inclination angle of about 4 degrees).
The gantry (37) is fixed integrally on the front upper surface, and the gantry (3)
7) On the upper surface of the anti-vibration rubber (38) and the engine stand (3)
9) The engine (2) is mounted on the engine, and a fuel tank (40) is mounted on the left side of the engine (2), and a muffler (41) is mounted on the right side of the engine (2).
A battery (43) is mounted substantially at the center on the front end side of the body frame (3).

Further, a case base (44) is integrally fixed to the body frame (3), a steering case (45) is mounted on the case base (44), and a handle cylinder (4) is provided.
6) The steering shaft (14a) of the steering handle (14) to be inserted into the steering case (45) is set up on the upper surface of the steering case (45) substantially at the center between the left and right body frames (3) and (3). ) Output shaft (4
7), and a steering arm (48) for turning the left and right front wheels (6) and (6) is attached to the output shaft (47).

A cylindrical bearing (49), which is substantially horizontal in the front-rear direction, is welded and fixed to the lower side of the engine stand (39) below the engine (2), and a counter shaft (49) is attached to the bearing (49). The counter pulley (5) is provided at the front end of the counter shaft (50) for inserting and supporting the bearing body (49) forward.
1) Attach, and right and left body frames (3) (3)
An engine output shaft (52) protrudes in front of the engine (2) at substantially the upper center therebetween, and an output pulley (53) is attached to the output shaft (52). The output pulley (53) is connected to the counter pulley (53). 51) via a V-belt (54).

Further, a rear axle case (7) is bolted and fixed to the rear end of the vehicle body frame (3), and a transmission case (4) rear surface is connected and fixed to a front surface of the rear axle case (7). ), A clutch case (55) is integrally formed on the right front surface, a continuously variable belt transmission case (56) right rear surface is fitted and fixed to the front surface of the clutch case (55), and a hydraulic pump (actuated by a lifting cylinder (28)). 57) is fixed to the left rear surface of the belt transmission case (56), and the respective cases (4), (55) are located lower than the upper surface between the left and right body frames (3) (3) in the form of a square pipe. (56) and the hydraulic pump (57) are suspended and fixed, and the transmission shaft (58) with universal joint is connected to the counter shaft (5).
0) It is provided between the rear end and the belt transmission case (56) to transmit the output of the engine (2) to the belt transmission case (56), and between the front axle case (5) and the transmission case (4). ) Is provided to transmit the shift output of the transmission case (4) to the front and rear wheels (6) and (8) via the respective axle cases (5) and (7).

As shown in FIG. 7, an input / output pulley (61) (6) for changing the winding ratio in a stepless manner by changing the winding diameter by operating an electric transmission motor (electric cylinder) (60).
2) and a belt-type continuously variable transmission mechanism (64), which is a sub-transmission portion composed of a V-belt (63),
6), a multi-disc friction dry clutch (65), which is intermittently operated by a clutch pedal (32), is installed in the clutch case (55), and a belt shift case (5).
6) The output shaft (66) of the transmission case (4) is connected to the input shaft (67) of the transmission case (4) via the clutch (65) so that the speed change motor (60) can be used to reduce the planting work speed, which is the auxiliary speed change. It is configured to shift.

A traveling output shaft (69) is connected to the input shaft (67) via a traveling transmission gear mechanism (68).
The traveling output shaft (69) is connected to the front and rear wheels (6) and (8) via front and rear wheel transmission shafts (59) and (70) to drive the front and rear wheels (6) and (8) and to drive the input shaft ( 67) PTO transmission gear mechanism (71) and planting clutch (72)
The PTO shaft (73) is connected via the
3) to drive the planting part (15), and output the PTO shaft (73) near the transmission case (4) to the sprocket (7).
It is configured so that the fertilizer (36) is driven by branching at 4). (75) is the lifting cylinder (28)
Is a hydraulic pump that operates. The speed change motor (6)
0), the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) may be changed using an electromagnetically operated hydraulic cylinder. Further, the hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism (HS) may be replaced with a belt type continuously variable transmission mechanism (64).
T) may be used.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the speed change motor (60) is substantially parallel to the inside of the rear portion of the left and right body frame (3) and is integrally connected to the front and rear low and high subframes (76).
To the left sub-frame (76) of the left sub-frame (76).
8) The base end of the transmission motor (60) is vertically movably mounted via the transmission gear (60), and the transmission link (80) is connected to the transmission lever (79) on the front surface of the transmission case (56) in which the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is provided. The motor shaft (60a) of the speed change motor (60) is connected via the pulling arm (81), and the speed change lever (79) is operated by the expansion and contraction operation of the motor shaft (60a) by the drive of the speed change motor (60). Continuously variable transmission mechanism (6
4) The speed ratio is changed to change the speed ratio.

The lifting arm (81) pivotally supports an intermediate portion on a left body frame (3) via a horizontal shaft (82) so as to be swingable, and has one end on the motor shaft (60a) and the other end. Are connected to the links (80), respectively, to transmit the shift operation output from the shift motor (60) to the shift lever (79) and to be fixed to the left body frame (3) via the mounting plate (83) and the like. Potentiometer type speed ratio sensor (8
4) The sensor arm (85) and the lifting arm (8)
1) is engaged with the detection shaft (86), and the pulling arm (81) is oscillated by the speed change motor (60) to change the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64). It is configured to detect by the ratio sensor (84).

As shown in FIGS. 2, 8, and 9, an accelerator pedal (87) serving as an accelerator operating member is disposed on the right outside of the right body frame (3) and near the brake pedal (33). A pedal arm (89) fixed to a pedal shaft (88) of the pedal (87); and a throttle section (2a) of the engine (2) for controlling a fuel supply amount of the engine (2)
And an interlocking connection via an accelerator wire (90), and a detection shaft (9) fixed to the tip of the pedal arm (89).
1) and a sensor arm (93) of a potentiometer type accelerator sensor (92) fixed to the right body frame (3) side.
Are engaged and connected to each other, and the operation amount of the accelerator pedal (87) (increase / decrease in engine speed) is detected by the accelerator sensor (92). When the engine speed is detected by an accelerator sensor (93) or an engine speed sensor (103) described later, the speed change motor (6) is set to a speed ratio set according to the engine speed.
0).

A speed-up switch (95) for detecting a speed-up operation of the pedal (94) is provided to a speed-up pedal (94), which is a speed-up operation member disposed at the lower foot of the driver's seat (13).
When the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is at the minimum speed, the speed-increasing pedal (94) operates at a speed-increasing operation (switch (95)).
Is turned on), the speed of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is increased to the intermediate speed.

As shown in FIG. 9, a pitch-up type engine rotation sensor (96) for detecting the driving of the engine (2) and the rotation speed of the engine output shaft (52);
A main clutch switch (97) for detecting the on / off state of the main clutch pedal (32), an implanting switch (98) as speed ratio control switching means for detecting the on / off state of the implanting clutch (72), and an engine Modes (A1), (A2), and (A) for setting the relationship between the rotation speed and the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64).
A mode changeover switch (99), which is a mode changing means for changing over 3), the speed ratio and accelerator sensor (84)
(92) and the speed increasing switch (95) are connected to the controller (100), and the speed change motor (6) is connected.
0) to the controller (1) via the relay circuit (101).
00), the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is also changed when the engine speed is changed by operating the pedal (87), and the engine speed is changed by operating the single pedal (87). It is configured to change the number and speed ratio simultaneously.

This embodiment is constructed as described above, and as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 10, the main clutch switch (97) is turned off (the main clutch is turned on) during the operation of the engine (2), and the planting is performed. When the switch (98) is on (planting clutch (72) is on) during the planting operation, the engine speed (N) is detected by the engine speed sensor (96).
Is read, and the engine speed (N) and the continuously variable transmission mechanism are set in advance to obtain the mode (B) of the target planting work speed (0.2 to 1.4 m / s) as shown in FIG. From the relationship mode (A) with the speed ratio of (64), the target speed ratio (V1) (V1 = aN + b) corresponding to this rotation speed (N)
a, b constants) are calculated. After the calculation, as shown in FIG. 12, the difference between the speed ratio (V2) detected by the speed ratio sensor (84) and the target speed ratio (V1) (| V1-
V2 |) is equal to or greater than the dead zone (V0), the difference (| V1 |
−V2 |) in the dead zone (V0) and | V1-V2 | <
Acceleration / deceleration control of the speed change motor (60) at V0 is performed.

Further, when the main clutch switch (97) is on and the machine is not running or when the planting switch (98) is off for non-cutting work (reverse, turning, running on road, etc.), the speed ratio is set to the minimum speed. (L) to keep the reverse and turning work stable and good, and to prevent sudden start of the aircraft when the main clutch switch (97) is turned off at the start of traveling.

Further, in a field or on a road during a non-cutting operation, the speed-increasing pedal (94) is accelerated and the speed-increasing switch (9) is operated.
When 5) is turned on, the speed ratio is increased from the minimum speed (L) to the intermediate speed (M) to speed up these operations.

Further, the control for changing the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) by the transmission motor (60) is performed only while the engine (2) is being driven, and the transmission input / output pulley (61).
The motor load when changing the winding diameter in (62) is reduced to maintain the performance of the speed change motor (60).

FIGS. 13 to 15 show that the speed ratios in the constant sections (a) and (b), which are the constant rotation ranges of the low engine speed (N) and the high engine speed (N), are set to the minimum speed (L) and the maximum speed. This is an example of a configuration in which control is performed using a mode (A1) of maintaining the engine at a high speed (H).
When the speed ratio is maintained at the lowest speed (L) in the fixed section (a) of (N = 1700 to 1900 Hm), the planting operation speed on the low rotation speed side is prevented from decreasing more than a predetermined value, and the engine (2 ), The work speed is maintained at a substantially minimum speed by a speed ratio that maintains a constant value (L) even when the engine speed (N) fluctuates in the low speed range. It is configured to perform good low-speed work.

On the other hand, the high engine speed (N)
When the speed ratio is maintained at the highest speed (H) in a constant section (b) of (N = 3400 to 3900 rpm), the frequency at which the working speed is reduced in the high rotation range of the frequently used engine (2) is reduced. The construction is such that a stable work speed is secured and the work efficiency is improved.

In a certain section (c) (c = 1900-3400 rpm) which is an intermediate rotation range between the lowest speed section (a) and the highest speed section (b) of the engine speed (N), The speed ratio is changed to the high speed side in proportion to the engine speed (N), and the work speed is accelerated and proportional to the operation amount of the accelerator operation. It is configured so that

In this case, the mode (A1) for setting the relationship between the engine speed (N) and the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is determined in the field condition (deep cultivation, clay, hard surface). In addition to the above, a plurality of modes (A2) and (A3) are provided so as to be selectable according to machine conditions (such as the presence or absence of an auxiliary wheel), and a mode (A1) or (A2) optimal for field conditions and machine conditions is provided. ) Or (A3) (for example, under normal conditions, A
1. A2, A when the running load is within a certain level or larger
3) is selected by the changeover switch (99), a target speed ratio (V1) is calculated, and the drive of the speed change motor (60) is controlled;
The configuration is such that the operation is performed at an optimum planting operation speed for the field condition and the machine condition.

In the above embodiment, the accelerator pedal (87) is used as the accelerator operating member. However, the engine speed (N) can also be controlled by the accelerator lever (102) as shown in FIG. Continuously variable transmission mechanism (6
This allows the change of the speed ratio of 4).

[0030]

As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention provides an accelerator operating member (87) for changing the speed of rotation of the engine (2), and a work speed by continuously changing the rotation output of the engine (2). In a mobile agricultural machine provided with a continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) for changing the speed, the accelerator operating member (87) and the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) are interlocked and connected under a constant working condition, In this case, the speed ratio control switching means (98) for releasing the interlock and maintaining the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) at the lowest speed is provided. The accelerator operation member (87) changes the engine speed (N) and the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) at the same time to improve the operability and feeling (car feeling) and to run on the road or reverse. Constant work conditions such as work Except those that can enable easy stable good working keeping the working speed by releasing these in conjunction with the low speed with a speed ratio control switching means (98) when the.

Under a condition other than the constant working condition, the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is changed from the minimum speed (L) to the intermediate speed (M).
Since the speed increasing operation member (94) is provided, the traveling speed can be easily increased by the speed increasing operating member (94) during traveling at low speed in a field or on a road.
This makes it possible to speed up moving work and the like.

Further, an accelerator operating member (87) for shifting the rotation of the engine (2) and a continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) for continuously changing the rotation output of the engine (2) to change the working speed. In a mobile agricultural machine equipped with an accelerator operating member (87) and a continuously variable transmission mechanism (6
4) and the accelerator operation member (8).
In the constant low speed range (a) and the constant high speed range (b) of the engine (2) according to 7), the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is set to the minimum speed (L) and the maximum speed (H). In addition, since the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is changed and controlled in proportion to the engine speed (N) in the intermediate rotation range (c), the engine is operated by the accelerator operation member (87). (2) The work speed acceleration performance in the intermediate rotation range (c) is improved to improve the work efficiency, and the work speed near the high and low rotation speeds of the engine (2) is stabilized. , Workability can be improved.

Further, since a mode changing means (99) for changing the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) to a plurality of engine speeds (N) is provided, a field (plow) having a large running load is provided. By selecting a mode suitable for various working conditions such as a deep board, a clayey material, and a hard surface) and mechanical conditions, it is possible to perform a highly efficient work while sufficiently securing a necessary engine output.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a rice transplanter.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of the rice transplanter.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory side view of the traveling vehicle body.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view of a traveling vehicle body.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory side view of a transmission case.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory side view of a transmission motor unit.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a drive system of a transmission case.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an accelerator pedal section.

FIG. 9 is a control circuit diagram.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between the engine speed and the speed ratio in terms of the working speed.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of control.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of control.

FIG. 15 is a diagram of a switching mode.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (2) Engine (64) Continuously variable transmission mechanism (87) Accelerator pedal (accelerator operating member) (98) Planting switch (speed ratio control switching means) (99) Mode switching switch (mode changing means) (a) (b) ) (C) Section (rotational range) (M) Intermediate speed (L) Minimum speed (H) Maximum speed

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoichiro Nishi 1-32 Chaya-cho, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2B062 AA02 AA11 AB01 BA01 BA07 BA12 BA24 CA05 3J067 AA01 AB11 AB23 AC02 AC23 AC42 AC51 BA54 BB02 BB04 BB05 CA02 CA07 CA23 CA32 CA40 FB61 GA14

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A mobile agricultural machine having an accelerator operation member for shifting the speed of rotation of an engine and a continuously variable transmission mechanism for continuously changing the rotation output of the engine to change a working speed, under a constant working condition. In addition to the interlocking connection between the accelerator operating member and the continuously variable transmission mechanism, a speed ratio control switching means is provided to release the interlock when the operating conditions are not constant and to maintain the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism at the lowest speed. And moving agricultural machines. 2. The mobile agricultural machine according to claim 1, further comprising a speed increasing operation member for increasing the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism from a minimum speed to an intermediate speed except under a certain working condition. 3. A mobile agricultural machine having an accelerator operating member for shifting the speed of rotation of an engine and a continuously variable transmission mechanism for continuously changing the rotation output of the engine to change a working speed, under a constant working condition. The accelerator operation member and the continuously variable transmission mechanism are interlocked and connected, and the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism is maintained at the minimum speed and the maximum speed value in the constant low rotation region and the constant high rotation region of the engine by the accelerator operation member. A mobile agricultural machine provided to change and control the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism in these intermediate rotation ranges in proportion to the engine speed. 4. A mobile agricultural machine according to claim 3, further comprising mode changing means for changing the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism to a plurality of engine speeds.