JP2000234379A - Grating and manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve an antislipping effect by forming a side surface of a main frame upper end part having a flat upper surface in a recess/projection surface shape having plural projecting parts and recessed parts alternately juxtaposed in the lengthwise direction of main frames. SOLUTION: A grating as a groove cover of a groove arranged on a road surface is formed by joining both ends of a large number of main frames 4 juxtaposed at intervals to a pair of left/right vertical frames and also joining both ends of an intermediate frame joined to an intermediate part of the main frames 4 to a horizontal frame. Next, in the main frames 4, an upper surface 4t is formed as a horizontal flat surface, both side surfaces 4us of an upper end part 4u are formed in a zigzag shape having a large number of projecting parts (a) and recessed parts (b) alternately juxtaposed in the lengthwise direction of the main frames 4 in a plan view, and a recess/projection surface and both side surfaces 4ds of a lower plate part 4d are connected by an inclined connecting surface (s). Thus, even when walking on a grating in either direction, since both side edge parts alternately provided with projecting parts and recessed parts sufficiently hitch on the sole of a shoe, a sufficient antislipping effect can be exhibited, and since upper surfaces of the main frames are flat, stumbling and rattling at carriage traveling time can be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plurality of main frames which are arranged side by side at intervals and extend in a direction perpendicular to the juxtaposed direction, and which extend in a direction intersecting with the main frames to connect the main frames to each other. The present invention relates to a grating having a plurality of connecting frames to be connected, wherein the upper surface of each main frame is a walking surface, and a method of manufacturing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The above-mentioned grating is generally and widely used as a groove cover for covering an opening of various grooves, for example, a drainage groove installed inside and outside a building or a side gutter of a road. The upper surface of the main frame) is used as a walking surface.

[0003] In such a grating, conventionally, both side edges of the flat upper surface of the main frame are formed straight in the longitudinal direction of the frame, so that the user walks on the grating in a direction orthogonal to the main frame. In such a case, the upper edge of the main frame becomes an edge portion for catching the shoe sole at a substantially right angle and applying a brake, so that the upper edge of the main frame is sufficiently caught with the shoe sole, so that it is not slippery. When walking along the road, there is a problem that the main frame functions as a guide rail, and there is no effective rim for braking the sole of the shoe, so that it is slippery.

[0004]

Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, for example, a convex portion or a concave portion is formed on the upper surface of the main frame of the grating by machining, rolling, or the like. There have already been proposed ones in which the undulations are non-slip in the direction along the main frame (for example, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No.
46083, JP-A-7-223035, JP-A-9-239455 and the like).

[0005] However, in the grating in which a non-slip convex portion is formed on the upper surface of the main frame, depending on the shape of the convex portion, a stumble may occur during walking, or a load may be lost during transportation of an object by a bogie or the like, or a wheel may be caught. And got stuck.

[0006] The same problem also occurs in the grating in which the non-slip recess is formed on the upper surface of the main frame, and furthermore, the recess is clogged with mud, dirt, dirt, and the like, thereby deteriorating the anti-slip effect. There was also.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem at once by providing a sufficient anti-slip effect without specially providing undulations on the upper surface of a main frame. And a method for manufacturing the same.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is to provide a plurality of main frames arranged in parallel at intervals and extending in a direction perpendicular to the parallel direction. A plurality of connecting frames extending in a direction intersecting with the frames and connecting the main frames to each other, wherein at least a part of the main frames has a flat surface in which at least one of the main frames has a walking surface. And at least one side surface or both side surfaces of the upper end portion of the main frame is formed on an uneven surface in which a plurality of convex portions and concave portions are alternately arranged in the longitudinal direction of the main frame when viewed from above. It is characterized by.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there are provided a plurality of main frames which are arranged side by side at intervals and extend in a direction orthogonal to the juxtaposed direction; A plurality of connecting frames to be connected, wherein the upper surface of each of the main frames is a walking surface, at least a part of the main frames has an upper surface formed as a flat surface, and at least an upper end of the main frame. The part is formed in a zigzag plate shape when viewed from above, and the invention according to claim 3 is further characterized in that:
In the manufacturing process of the grating according to claim 2, in manufacturing the at least a part of the main frame, a plurality of convex punches are integrally connected to a first molding die and the plurality of convex punches, respectively. By sandwiching at least two side surfaces of one end in the width direction of the band-shaped main frame material in the thickness direction between the second molding die in which a corresponding plurality of concave dies are integrally connected, At least one end in the width direction of the main frame material is plastically deformed in a zigzag shape when viewed from the outside of the one end.

According to the features of the first and second aspects of the present invention, even when walking on the grating in any direction of orthogonal, parallel, or skew with respect to the main frame, from above the main frame upper surface. Side edges that are distorted (ie, convex and concave parts alternately appear) become effective edge hooks that apply braking to the shoe sole and are sufficiently caught on the shoe sole, so that a sufficient anti-slip effect is exhibited Is done. In addition, since the entire upper surface of each main frame is a flat surface and has no steps, it is effective in preventing a stumbling during walking, and a truck or the like can be smoothly run without rattling. Furthermore, a novel and favorable design effect is exhibited by the uneven shape of the side edge of the upper surface of the main frame viewed from above.

[0011] In particular, according to the feature of the invention of claim 2,
In the zigzag plate-like portion of the main frame as viewed from above, a relatively large uneven surface having a large number of convex portions and concave portions alternately arranged on both side surfaces thereof can be easily formed. Even if is formed, the thickness of each part can be made as uniform as possible,
Sufficient strength can be ensured while reducing the thickness and weight of the main frame. Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the zigzag plate-like portion of the main frame according to the second aspect of the present invention can be accurately formed while maintaining the smoothness of the upper surface of the main frame.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below based on embodiments of the present invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the accompanying drawings, FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an example of use of grating according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of one main frame of the grating, and FIG. 2, 3 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is a process diagram showing a process of forming a zigzag plate-like portion of the main frame using a roll forming device, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a side view of the roll forming apparatus, FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG.
Is a perspective view showing an example of a press forming apparatus for forming a zigzag plate-shaped portion of the main frame, FIG. 9 is a process diagram showing a process of forming a zigzag plate-shaped portion of the main frame using the press forming apparatus, 10 is a sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG. 9, and FIGS. 11 to 17 are views corresponding to FIG. 3 showing first to seventh modifications of the main frame, respectively.

First, in FIG. 1, a groove 1 is recessed in a walking surface L (for example, a floor of a building, an outdoor road surface, etc.) through which a person, a trolley, etc. can pass. A plurality of gratings G as a groove cover for covering the opening of the groove 1 are arranged in a row in a manner capable of being opened and closed, respectively, on the lid mounting step 1a provided in each section. Each of the gratings G is formed by framing a metal plate frame of aluminum, stainless steel, steel, or the like in a grid-like manner, similarly to conventionally known gratings.

That is, each grating G has an enclosing frame B in which a pair of front and rear horizontal frames 2 extending across the groove 1 and a pair of right and left vertical frames 3 extending along the groove 1 are formed in a rectangular shape. In the surrounding frame B, a plurality of main frames 4 are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the grooves 1 at intervals from each other and extend in a direction perpendicular to the parallel direction (that is, a direction crossing the grooves 1).
An intermediate frame 5 extending perpendicular to the main frames 4 and connecting the intermediate portions of the main frames 4 to each other is provided. Both ends of each main frame 4 are respectively connected to a pair of vertical frames 3, and both ends of the intermediate frame 5 are respectively connected to a pair of horizontal frames 2. The intermediate frame 5 and the vertical frame 3 constitute a connection frame of the present invention that connects the main frames 4 to each other. The upper surfaces of the surrounding frame B and the main frames 4 are formed flush with the walking surface L and are a part of the walking surface.

Next, the structure of the main frame 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. The main frame 4 is formed of a generally strip-shaped metal plate that extends straight in a direction crossing the groove 1 with its side surface along the vertical plane. In the lower part of the main frame 4, a slit 4s for forming a grid-like cross connection between the main frame 4 and the intermediate frame 5 in cooperation with a slit (not shown) formed in the upper part of the intermediate frame 5 is formed. Is done.

At least a part (all in the illustrated example)
The upper surface 4t of the main frame 4 is formed on a substantially horizontal flat surface, and both side surfaces 4us of the upper end 4u of the main frame 4 have a large number of convex portions a and concave portions b when viewed from above. Are formed on the uneven surface alternately arranged in the longitudinal direction of the main frame 4, and the inclined connection surface s is formed between the uneven surface and both side surfaces 4ds of the flat plate portion 4d lower than the upper end 4u of the main frame 4. Connected by In particular, in the illustrated example, the upper end 4u of the main frame 4 is formed in a zigzag plate shape when viewed from above.
u is located at a position corresponding to the concave portion b of the other side surface 4us, and the concave portion b of the one side surface 4us is located at a position corresponding to the convex portion a of the other side surface 4us. is there.

According to the main frame structure as described above, when walking on the grating G in any direction of orthogonal, parallel, or skew with respect to the main frame 4, the main frame upper surface 4t is viewed from above. The convex side a and the concave side b are alternately repeated so that the distorted side edges 4te are effective edges for applying a brake to the shoe sole and are sufficiently caught on the shoe sole. A sufficient anti-slip effect is exhibited. Moreover, since the entire upper surface 4t of each main frame is a substantially horizontal flat surface and has no steps, it is effective in preventing a stumbling during walking, and a bogie or the like can be smoothly run without rattling. Furthermore, the unique and uneven shape of the side edges 4te of the upper surface 4t of the main frame viewed from above exerts a novel and good design effect, so that the commercialization of the grating G is improved.

In particular, since the upper end 4u of the main frame 4 is formed in a zigzag plate shape when viewed from above, the upper end 4u has a plurality of convex portions a and concave portions b alternately formed on both side surfaces 4us. A relatively large uneven surface can be easily formed, and the thickness of each part becomes substantially uniform despite the formation of such uneven surface. Sufficient strength can be ensured while trying.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7, a description will be given of a forming process in the case where the upper end 4u of the main frame 4 is formed into a zigzag plate shape as described above in the manufacturing process of the grating G. For this molding, in this embodiment, a plurality of convex punches 6a are formed.
.. a gear-shaped first forming roll 6 as a first forming die, which is arranged side by side over the entire circumference at one axial end of the outer peripheral surface 6r
And a plurality of concave dies 7b respectively corresponding to the plurality of convex punches 6a are arranged side by side over the entire circumference at one axial end of the outer peripheral surface 7r as a gear as a second molding die. And a second forming roll 7 are disposed rotatably about the rotation axis of the parallel two shafts 6j and 7j, and the roll forming device R
Is configured.

In forming, the first and second forming rolls 6 and 7 are rotationally driven in directions opposite to each other, and a band is formed between the opposing peripheral surfaces of the forming rolls 6 and 7 along a common tangent line thereof. The plate-shaped main frame material W is sent, and the main frame material W
Of the main frame material W in the width direction of the main frame material W by strongly pressing both side surfaces of the width direction one end portion of the main frame material W in the thickness direction of the material W between the opposing peripheral surfaces of the forming rolls 6 and 7. Is plastically deformed so as to form a zigzag shape when viewed from the outside of one side end. After the roll forming, the main frame material W in the shape of a strip is cut by a predetermined length to obtain the main frame 4. By using such a roll forming apparatus R, the upper end 4u of the main frame 4 can be efficiently roll-formed into a zigzag plate shape while keeping the upper surface 4t of the main frame 4 as smooth as possible. Is suitable for mass production.

Next, referring to FIG. 8 to FIG.
In order to press-form the upper end 4u of the zigzag plate,
In this embodiment, a first molding die 6 'as a first molding die in which a plurality of convex punches 6a' are arranged in parallel at one end of a flat molding surface 6f; Punch 6a '
A plurality of concave dies 7b '... Respectively corresponding to the first and second molding dies 7' are arranged side by side at one end of a flat molding surface 7f so that they can approach and separate from each other. The press forming apparatus P is arranged.

In molding, one of the first and second molding dies 6 'and 7' is driven closer to the other, and a strip-shaped plate is formed between the opposing surfaces of the two molding dies 6 'and 7'. By squeezing both side surfaces of one end in the width direction of the main frame material W in the plate thickness direction, the one end in the width direction of the main frame material W is formed in a zigzag shape as viewed from the outside of the one end. Plastic deformation to become. After the press molding, the main frame material W in the shape of a strip is cut by a predetermined length to obtain the main frame 4. Note that the strip frame-shaped main frame material W previously cut to a predetermined length may be subjected to the same press forming as described above, and the cutting step after the press forming may be omitted.

By using the press forming apparatus P, the upper end 4u of the main frame 4 can be efficiently pressed into a zigzag plate while the upper surface 4t of the main frame 4 is kept as smooth as possible. Press forming using such flat forming dies 6 ', 7' can flexibly cope with small lots and is suitable for small-quantity production. Moreover, since commercially available strip steel such as flat steel can be used, the production cost is reduced. Can be reduced.

If the zigzag plate-shaped upper end 4u of the main frame 4 is formed by using the roll forming apparatus R or the press forming apparatus P having the above structure, the smoothness of the upper surface 4t of the main frame 4 can be improved even in the forming process. Is maintained as much as possible, and the upper surface 4t can be formed as a flat surface having no step surface.
After the molding is completed, if necessary, the upper surface 4t of the main frame 4 may be machined to further enhance the smoothness of the upper surface 4t.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and various embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the main frame 4 is made of a metal material. However, in the present invention (claims 1 and 2), the main frame may be obtained by integrally molding a synthetic resin material. Further, in the above-described embodiment, a strip-shaped plate having a simple cross section is used as the main frame 4 and the band-shaped main frame material W. However, in the present invention, the cross section is generally I-shaped, T-shaped, or L-shaped. A plate material may be used.
Further, in the embodiment, the side surface 4us of the upper end 4u of the main frame 4 is used.
Only those formed on the uneven surface are shown, but in the present invention,
The entire side surface 4us, 4ds of the main frame 4 may be formed on the uneven surface.

Further, in the above embodiment, the upper end 4u of the main frame 4 is provided.
Is formed in a zigzag plate shape when viewed from above,
Although the side surface 4us of the upper end 4u is formed as an uneven surface in which a plurality of convex portions a and concave portions b are alternately arranged when viewed from above, the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes: Various variations are conceivable with respect to the flat cross-sectional form (the form viewed from above) of the side surface 4us of the frame upper end 4u. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the uneven surface of the side surface 4us is formed into a waveform in which the top of the convex portion a and the bottom of the concave portion b are each smoothly curved, but in the present invention (claims 1 and 2), FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, the top of the protrusion a and the bottom of the recess b may be linearly bent, or the bottom of the recess b may be formed flat as shown in FIG. 12, or as shown in FIG. The top surface of the protrusion a may be formed flat. In the present invention (claim 1), the upper end 4u may be formed in a non-zigzag form, for example, as shown in FIGS.
us and the convex part a of the other side 4us are arranged symmetrically, and the concave part b of one side 4us and the other side 4
The concave portion b of the side surface 4us may be arranged symmetrically, and as shown in FIG. 15, a flat middle portion m is interposed between the convex portion a and the concave portion A space may be provided between the portion a and the concave portion b. Further, as shown in FIG. 16, an uneven surface is formed only on one side surface 4us, and the other side surface 4us is formed flat. Good. Further, in the present invention (claims 1 and 2), the zigzag shape of the upper end 4u of the main frame 4 may be slightly offset from the vertical center line of the main frame 4 as shown in FIG.

[0028]

As described above, according to each of the first and second aspects of the present invention, even when walking on the grating in any direction of orthogonal, parallel or oblique to the main frame, the upper surface of the main frame is Since the side edge portion is an effective edge portion for applying a brake to the shoe sole and is sufficiently hooked on the shoe sole, the anti-slip effect can be sufficiently exhibited. In addition, since the entire upper surface of each main frame is a flat surface and has no steps, it is effective in preventing a stumbling during walking, and a truck or the like can be smoothly run without rattling. Furthermore, a novel design effect is exhibited by the uneven shape of the side edge of the upper surface of the main frame as viewed from above, and the commercialization of grating is improved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since at least the upper end of the main frame is formed in a zigzag plate shape when viewed from above, the zigzag plate portion of the main frame has two sides. Since a relatively large uneven surface in which a large number of convex portions and concave portions are alternately arranged can be easily formed, and even if such an uneven surface is formed, the thickness of each portion can be made as uniform as possible. Thus, sufficient strength can be ensured while reducing the thickness and weight of the main frame.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the first molding die in which a plurality of convex punches are integrally connected and the plurality of concave dies corresponding to the plurality of convex punches are integrally connected. At least one side edge of the main frame material in the width direction is sandwiched between the second molding die and at least one side edge of the width direction main frame material in the thickness direction thereof. The main frame is obtained by plastically deforming the main frame so as to form a zigzag shape when viewed from the outside of one side end of the main frame. The molding can be performed efficiently while keeping the upper surface as smooth as possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially broken perspective view showing an example of use of grating according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of one main frame of the grating.

FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrow 3 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a process diagram showing a process of forming a zigzag plate-like portion of a main frame using a roll forming device.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the roll forming apparatus.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example of a press forming apparatus for forming a zigzag plate-like portion of a main frame.

FIG. 9 is a process diagram showing a process of forming a zigzag plate-like portion of the main frame using a press forming device.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing a first modification of the main frame.

FIG. 12 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 3, showing a second modification of the main frame.

FIG. 13 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing a third modification of the main frame.

FIG. 14 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing a fourth modification of the main frame.

FIG. 15 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing a fifth modification of the main frame.

FIG. 16 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing a sixth modification of the main frame.

FIG. 17 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing a seventh modified example of the main frame.

[Explanation of symbols]

 G ··· Grating W ··· Main frame material a ··· Protrusion b ··· Recess 3 ··· Vertical frame (connection frame) 4 ··· Main frame 4t Upper surface of frame 4u: Upper end of main frame 4us ... Both side surfaces of upper end 5 ... Intermediate frame (connection frame) 6 ... First forming roll (first forming die) 6 ' ..First molding die (first molding die) 6a, 6a '.. convex punch 7 ... second molding roll (second molding die) 7' ... second molding die ( Second mold) 7b, 7b '... Concave dies

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of main frames (4) arranged side by side at intervals and extending in a direction orthogonal to the juxtaposed direction, and a main frame (4) extending in a direction intersecting with the main frames (4). ) Comprising a plurality of connecting frames (3, 5) for connecting each other, wherein at least a part of the main frames (4) has an upper surface ( 4t) is formed on a flat surface, and at least one side surface (4us) or both side surfaces (4us, 4us, 4u) of the main frame (4).
4us), wherein a plurality of convex portions (a) and concave portions (b) are formed on the uneven surface alternately arranged in the longitudinal direction of the main frame (4) when viewed from above. 2. A plurality of main frames (4) which are arranged side by side at intervals and extend in a direction orthogonal to the parallel direction, and extend in a direction intersecting with the main frames (4) to form main frames. A plurality of connecting frames (3, 5) to be connected, wherein the upper surface of each of the main frames (4) is a walking surface. At least a part of the main frames (4) has an upper surface (4t). A grating formed on a flat surface, wherein at least an upper end (4u) of the main frame (4) is formed in a zigzag plate shape when viewed from above. 3. In the manufacturing process of the grating according to claim 2, in manufacturing the at least a part of the main frame (4), a plurality of convex punches (6a, 6a ') are integrally connected. 1
Mold (6, 6 ′) and the plurality of convex punches (6
a, 6a ') corresponding to the plurality of concave dies (7
b, 7b ') and a second molding die (7, 7')
Between the main frame material (W) and the main frame material (W) at least at one side in the width direction by pressing both side surfaces of at least one side end in the width direction of the band-shaped main frame material (W). A method for producing grating, comprising plastically deforming an end portion so as to form a zigzag shape when viewed from the outside of one side end.