JP2000179705A - Fluid control valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To miniaturize a fluid control valve and to reduce manufacturing cost by means of simple construction without using special sealing construction. To enhance the shaft sealing performance of the fluid control valve and to elongate the service life of an air conditioner as a whole by using a highly reliable sealing member. SOLUTION: An annular shaft sealing member 5 comprising nitrile rubber hydride as its main component is attached to a valve shaft 2. The valve shaft 2 projecting outward from the sealing member 5 is interlocked with a driving source 9 fitted from the outside. The fluid control valve comprises a fluid control valve for driving the valve element by transforming the rotation of the valve shaft 2 into the straight advancing movement, controlling the opening of a valve seat 3, a fluid control valve for selectively communicating a plurality of continuity ports, and a fluid control valve for rotating the valve element through the rotation of the valve shaft in order to selectively communicate the plural continuity ports.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for controlling a flow path resistance of a passage (flow path) through which a fluid such as liquid or gas flows.
The present invention relates to a fluid control valve used for adjusting a flow rate of a fluid flowing through the flow path or switching a direction of the flow path.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a fluid such as a liquid or a gas flows through a flow path, various fluid control valves have been used to adjust the flow rate.

FIG. 10 shows a conventional example disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-260482. In FIG. 10, the rotor 103 of the motor integrally formed with the valve shaft 102 is rotated by energizing the stator coil 101 a of the motor 101 fixed to the outer periphery of the case 100 made of a non-magnetic material. A motor-operated valve that converts the linear motion of a valve shaft by a propulsion bearing 104 and controls the opening degree of a valve seat 105 by the vertical movement of a valve body 106 is disclosed.

FIG. 11 shows a conventional example disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-79409. In the present disclosure, a control valve in which a motor-operated valve having the function of a throttle valve and a four-way switching valve are combined is disclosed. (A description of the four-way switching valve is omitted.)
Here, a control valve for adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the opening 218 and the opening 220 by moving the valve body 251 and adjusting the opening degree of the valve port 208 is provided.
The pressure equalizing hole 256 that connects the chamber 262 provided at the upper part of the valve body 251 and the opening 220 at the lower part is provided inside the valve body 251, and the upper and lower pressures of the valve body 251 are made substantially equal to each other. This is to reduce the operating force. Valve 2
The gasket 51 is provided with a packing 261 for separating the pressure in the chamber 262, the pressure equalizing hole 256, and the opening 220 from the pressure in the opening 218.

FIG. 12 shows a conventional example disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-93933. In the present disclosure, the outflow path 300 and the plurality of inflow paths 301 and 302 are used as control valves for the water heater.
And a plurality of inlet holes 30 in a substantially cylindrical side surface rotatably provided inside the housing.
4 (the others are omitted) and an outlet 30 on the end face.
5 having a shaft seal portion 308 having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical portion 307 sliding with the cylinder portion 306.
No. 09, a valve seat 310 formed to face the end face of the outlet of the valve element, and a control valve provided with a motor 311 for driving the valve element to rotate.

FIG. 13 shows a conventional example disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-257147. In the example of the present disclosure, the orifice 4
(Valve Shaft) with Valve Member 452 Opening / Closing 14
An O-ring 464 is mounted on the outer periphery of the stem 450, and the stem 450 is electrically driven by a stepping motor 480 via a driver 470. A valve is disclosed.

FIG. 14 shows a conventional example disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-98872. In the present disclosure, the high-pressure inlet 5
01, a low-pressure inlet 502 and a valve body 500 formed with guide ports 503 and 504 adjacent to both sides of the low-pressure inlet, respectively, and the high-pressure inlet selectively slidably provided inside the valve body 500. 501 and the aforementioned 503, 504
And a valve element 505 for communicating the low-pressure outlet port 502 with the other port, and further connects another solenoid valve 510 and the valve body 500 to the thin metal tubes 521 to 523. And connect the solenoid valve to ON / O.
A pilot-driven four-way switching valve that operates the valve body 505 by performing FF is disclosed.

FIG. 15 shows a conventional example disclosed in JP-A-9-144926. In the example of the present disclosure, the motor 601
The drive magnet 6 is located below the upper cover 602 with the
04 is fixedly mounted on a motor shaft 603, and a driven magnet 604a, a reduction gear 608, and a valve body 609 are built in a lower part of the motor shaft 603. A plurality of conduits 611, 6 are provided on the bottom surface of the reduction gear 608.
A sealed directional control valve (four-way valve) provided with 12, 613, 614 (614 is not shown) is disclosed.

In this example, valve seat 610 and conduits 611-6
The upper cover 602 and the lower cover 606 are configured to be detachable in order to prevent water from entering the inside of the motor 601 at the time of submergence during the brazing work of No. 14. However, because of the need to be removable and to prevent refrigerant leakage,
Shaft (motor shaft) 603 and shaft (valve shaft) 607
Are separated from each other with a lower cover 606 interposed therebetween, and a driving magnet 604 and a driven magnet 604 a fixed to the respective ends are magnetically linked to each other to thereby provide a valve body 609.
Is rotationally driven.

FIG. 16 shows a conventional example disclosed in JP-A-8-285101. Here, the housing 710 includes a cylindrical housing 710 and a valve body 750 rotatably inserted inside the housing.
Four ports 721, 7 arranged at every 90 degrees on the cross section
22, 723, 724 (721, 723, 724 are not shown) and four ports 731, 732, 733, 734 (731, 73) arranged at 90 degrees on the BB cross section.
3 and 734 are not shown), and the valve element 750 has a cylindrical portion 75.
2 and flat plate portions 754, 75 formed above and below the cylindrical portion
6 and is rotated by a stepping motor 770 every 90 degrees. The stepping motor 770 includes a housing 71
A four-way switching valve is disclosed, which is attached to a nut 0 via a nut 776, and whose output shaft 772 and valve body 750 are linked by a driving unit 773 at the tip. Reference numeral 712 denotes a valve seat, which is fixedly sealed at a lower portion of the housing 710 with an O-ring 764 or the like.

[0011]

In the case of an air conditioner such as a room air conditioner or a package air conditioner, if refrigerant leaks from the refrigeration cycle, the performance of the air conditioner is reduced.
It may cause a failure. Therefore, in order to prevent leakage of the refrigerant to the outside of the refrigeration cycle as much as possible, an extremely reliable seal structure is required.
The seal structure disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. H10-209,004 is adopted. In this disclosure, a non-magnetic case is fixed to the valve body by welding or the like to seal the case, thereby preventing the fluid from leaking to the outside of the valve device.

However, since the rotor is provided inside the case and the stator is provided outside the case, the motor has a very special structure dedicated to the valve device. Therefore, there is a problem that the shape of the motor becomes large and wasteful piping space is generated, and the cost is increased because the manufacturing process is complicated and large.

Also, components provided inside the case, including the rotor, are always immersed in the fluid (refrigerant and refrigerating machine oil), and the fluid has a pressure of 3 to 30 kg / c at that portion.
m ² , since the temperature changes in the range of −20 to + 80 ° C.,
It is caused by the aging of the rotor and sliding of the compressor.
The problem of deterioration of the operability of the rotor due to the influence of contaminants such as sliding powder (hereinafter referred to as contamination) present in the refrigerant or impurities present in the lubricating oil. And the distance between them is large, so that the current consumption of the motor is large and the operating cost of the air conditioner is high.

In the conventional control valve disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-79409, when the sealing property of the packing 261 is poor and leakage occurs, the opening 218 and the chamber 262 communicate with each other through the leaking portion of the seal, and Portion 218 → Valve port 208 → In addition to the route of the opening 220, the opening 218 →
Refrigerant also flows through the route of the seal leaking part → the chamber 262 → the pressure equalizing port 256 → the opening 220, which deteriorates the throttle performance of the valve part. Further, if the sealing becomes impossible, the function of the throttle valve cannot be performed at all. Therefore, a material with extremely high sealing properties and reliability is required for the sealing material.

In the conventional control valve disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-93933, a motor 311 is mounted as a drive source from outside the housing 303, and a shaft seal portion 308 of a valve shaft is provided.
The seal between the fluid and the external shaft is performed by installing an annular shaft seal material 312 around the periphery.

A conventional motor-operated valve disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-257147 also has a motor 480 mounted from outside the valve holder 420 as a drive source, and an annular O-ring around a stem (valve shaft) 450. By installing 464, the shaft is sealed between the fluid and the outside.

According to the examples disclosed in JP-A-8-93933 and JP-A-9-257147, the fluid is sealed by the shaft seal portion, and the rotor inside the motor does not come into direct contact with the fluid.

However, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-93933 discloses
If the control valve or the motor-operated valve disclosed in JP-A-9-257147 is used in a refrigeration cycle using a refrigerant as a fluid in an air conditioner or the like, the following problems occur.

When a rubber seal is used for a shaft seal (sliding portion) of a control valve or a motor-operated valve, if the seal material is low in reliability and deteriorates early, leakage of refrigerant occurs and the performance of the air conditioner is reduced. Not only can it cause a decline, but it can also cause catastrophic failure of the air conditioner.

Even if it is assumed that the seal material is replaced before deterioration due to regular maintenance, once the refrigeration cycle is opened, refrigerant leakage always occurs, so that the performance of the air conditioner is reduced. cause.

Particularly, with the introduction of inverter control in recent years, it is necessary to make the flow rate of the refrigerant extremely fine. Many control valves gradually adjust the opening degree of the valve seat while rotating the valve shaft many times. Used. In control valves for such applications, there is frequent sliding and axial sliding of the valve shaft,
Abrasion of the shaft seal material occurs due to friction between the shaft seal material and the valve shaft due to sliding, and leakage of the refrigerant is predicted, and there has been no example in which a rubber seal material has been used for a sliding portion of a control valve of an air conditioner.

In the conventional four-way valve disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. Sho 62-98872, a large driving force was required to drive the valve element 505. Therefore, another solenoid valve 510 and the valve body 5 were required.
00 is connected by using thin metal tubes 521 to 523, and the solenoid valve is turned on / off to use a pilot method in which the valve body is operated.

For example, from the high pressure inlet 501 to the valve body 50
The maximum pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the inside of the cylinder 0 is about 30 kg / cm ² . In the state shown in the figure, the refrigerant pressure at the inlet 503 and the low-pressure inlet 502 is about 5 kg / cm ² , so that the valve body 505 is pressed against the valve seat 503 at a differential pressure of 25 kg / cm ² . In this case, the driving force required for sliding the valve body 505 is about 7.5 kgf. On the other hand, in the case of the solenoid valve 510, the diameter of the thin metal tube is φ2 mm and the interval is 2 mm.
In consideration of this movement (6 mm), when the number of turns of the solenoid is 1000 turns and the drive current is 1 A, the generated force is 0.22 kgf. Due to such a very small size, the valve element cannot be directly driven.

Therefore, in order to prevent leakage of the refrigerant as much as possible, the connection between the thin metal tube and the valve body or the solenoid valve is firmly sealed by welding, brazing or the like, and the iron core portion 511 of the solenoid valve is also formed in the metal case 512. And so on. Also, since the solenoid valve 510 and the thin metal tubes 521 to 523 are required in addition to the valve body 500 due to the pilot structure, the shape becomes large, wasteful piping space is required, and the manufacturing process is complicated and large, so the cost is large. There was a problem that it became expensive. Furthermore, in order to maintain the position of the valve body 505, it is necessary to always energize the solenoid valve 510, and there is a problem that the operating cost of the air conditioner is increased.

In the conventional four-way valve disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-144926, the shaft (motor shaft) 603 or the shaft (valve shaft) 607 is formed by the lower cover 606 because of the necessity of sealing the refrigerant inside the lower cover 606. 606 cannot be penetrated, and has a complicated structure separated. In order to magnetically link the two, magnets 604, 604
Since a is used, there are problems that the number of manufacturing steps is large and the cost is high.

In the conventional four-way valve disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-285101, since the housing 710 and the stepping motor 770 are mounted via the nut 776, the refrigerant leaks along the screw 777 of the nut. Therefore, the sealing property is extremely poor. In addition, there is a problem that the refrigerant easily enters the inside of the stepping motor 770 from around the output shaft 772 and deteriorates the performance of the stepping motor 770.

[0027]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fluid control valve, wherein a seal is formed with a shaft sealing material containing hydrogenated nitrile rubber (hereinafter, hydrogenated NBR) as a main component. Is going. Furthermore, the chemical structure of hydrogenated NBR is basically the same kind of chemical structure as NBR, but it is a random copolymer of monomers, and some of the double bonds of NBR are highly saturated by hydrogenation. Because it is a modified elastomer, its decomposition in chemicals is extremely small compared to NBR, etc., and furthermore, heat resistance, abrasion resistance, oil resistance, slidability,
Combines strength and other rubber materials (NBR, CR)
Better. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the fluid control valve according to claim 2 uses, as a shaft seal material, a rubber material mainly composed of hydrogenated NBR in which an organic peroxide is crosslinked. It is characterized by. Examples of the organic peroxide include dicumyl peroxide, ditertiary butyl peroxide, tertiary butylcumyl peroxide, and the above-mentioned peroxide and hexane, benzene,
There are compounds such as isopropyl carbonate and valerate.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fluid control valve according to the first or second aspect, wherein the fluid control valve is used as an alternative refrigerant. Since the hydrogenated NBR has an extremely small total oxidation amount as compared with other rubber materials, the hydrolysis of the refrigerating machine oil is extremely small and has an effect of not reducing the lubricity. In particular, the hydrolysis of refrigerating machine oil (POE) used as an alternative refrigerant is extremely low.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in addition to the first to third aspects, a needle-shaped valve formed integrally with the valve shaft is provided inside the valve. Having a valve body,
Outside the valve, the drive source is installed in conjunction with the valve shaft.

According to the above configuration, the fluid (refrigerant or the like) to be controlled by the fluid control valve is sealed by the shaft sealing material. The rotation of the valve shaft accompanying the rotation of the drive source is converted into linear motion by the thread forming portion, and the needle valve body is driven in the axial direction. The needle valve element controls the opening degree of the valve seat by driving in the axial direction, and adjusts the flow rate of the fluid.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the fluid control valve according to claim 5 has a sliding valve body inside the valve as shown in FIG. However, outside the valve, the drive source is installed in conjunction with the valve shaft. The sliding valve element is configured to slide so as to communicate at least two of the plurality of openings.

According to the above configuration, the fluid (refrigerant or the like) to be controlled by the fluid control valve is sealed by the shaft sealing material. The sliding valve body is slid in the axial direction by the rotation of the valve shaft accompanying the rotation of the drive source. Thereby, the outflow direction of the inflowing fluid can be switched.

[0033]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [Embodiment 1] A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
6, and will be described with reference to Tables 1 and 2. FIG. 1A shows a fluid control valve according to the present embodiment. The rotation of the valve shaft 2 having the needle-shaped valve element 1 is performed by a male screw formed on the valve shaft 2 and the propulsion bearing 12.
The needle-shaped valve element 1 is a fluid control valve that controls the opening degree of the valve seat 3 by being converted into a linear motion by a screw forming portion 10 formed of a screw and moving in the axial direction.

A shaft seal 5 made of an O-ring mainly composed of hydrogenated nitrile rubber is mounted on the valve shaft 2, and a rear portion of the valve shaft 2 protruding from the shaft seal 5 to the atmosphere side is provided. A slit-shaped groove 2a shown in FIG. 1 (b) (viewed from the arrow A in FIG. 1 (a)) is provided, and the output shaft 9a of the motor 9 is inserted into the groove 2a, and the valve shaft 2 is connected to the output shaft 9a. On the other hand, it is configured to interlock with a form that is movably inserted. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when the output shaft 9a of the motor 9 rotates and the valve shaft 2 also rotates in the same direction, the movement is converted into linear motion by the thread forming section 10, so that, for example, if the motor 9 rotates forward. If the valve shaft 2 moves to the left in the drawing, the needle valve 1 narrows the opening of the valve seat 3, and if the motor 9 rotates in the reverse direction, the valve shaft 2 moves to the right in the drawing, and the needle valve 1 moves. The flow rate is controlled by increasing the opening degree of the valve seat 3. The shape of the shaft sealing material 5 is O
-The shape is not limited to the ring, and may be another shape.

The valve housing 4 includes a valve seat 3 and a propulsion bearing 12.
The valve housing 4 is fixed to the cylindrical portion 6 with screws 8, and the motor 9 is externally fixed to the cylindrical portion 6 with screws 7. Here, the valve shaft 2 including the needle-shaped valve element 1 and the valve seat 3 are made of stainless steel, the propulsion bearing 12 is made of a bronze bearing material, and the valve housing 4 and the cylindrical portion 6 are made of brass. It is not limited.

On the rear end face side of the propulsion bearing 12, a seal groove 13 for installing the shaft seal material 5 is formed, and the shaft seal material 5 is surrounded by the seal groove 13, the cylindrical portion 6, and the valve shaft 2. Deforms in the annular area to prevent fluid leakage to the outside.

As shown in FIG. 6, the hydrogenated NBR 22
The structure is basically the same as that of NBR21, that is, it is a random copolymer of monomers. However, since part of the double bonds 23a and 23b of NBR is an elastomer highly saturated by hydrogenation, it is chemically resistant. It is excellent in performance, decomposes even in a refrigerant such as chlorofluorocarbon, and has little deterioration as a sealing material.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, since the valve shaft 2 slides in the axial direction with forward and reverse rotation with respect to the shaft sealing material 5, the sliding surface of the shaft sealing material 5 is hardly deteriorated. Is one element for improving the sealing performance. Here, Table 1 shows hydrogenated NBR, N
The results of the Akron abrasion test for BR and CR are shown.

[0039]

[Table 1]

Hydrogenated NBR has a higher wear index than NBR and CR and is extremely hard to wear. Even when used in applications in which sliding frequently occurs as a shaft seal material, the wear of the sealing surface is small. Good nature.

Further, since the rubber material containing hydrogenated NBR as a main component has better slidability than other rubber materials, loss of torque, thrust and the like at the sliding portion is extremely small.

Since the shaft seal can be made almost completely in terms of the resistance to the refrigerant, the strength against the high pressure, the service life, and the like, a commercially available stepping motor or the like can be used as the drive source. As the stepping motor, a small-sized one can be used with low current consumption.

Table 2 shows a comparison of stepping motors.

[0044]

[Table 2]

The stepping motor used in the present embodiment is much smaller in current consumption and smaller in size than the conventional motor portion as shown in FIG. Moreover, compared to the conventional example of FIG. 10, the pull-in torque is large in spite of the small current consumption, which is advantageous as a driving source. In addition, the rotor and other components inside the motor are not directly immersed in the refrigerant or the refrigerating machine oil, so that the operability of the valve device due to the deterioration of the motor and the change over time in the flow characteristic can be prevented, and the life is extended.

[Embodiment 2] A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Tables 3 and 4. Since the basic structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, the structure is shown in FIG.
(B) is quoted.

Among the rubber materials containing hydrogenated NBR as a main component, those obtained by crosslinking organic peroxides are particularly excellent in strength and oil resistance. Here, examples of the organic peroxide include dicumyl peroxide, ditertiary butyl peroxide, tertiary butyl cumyl peroxide, and compounds of the above-mentioned peroxide and hexane, benzene, isopropyl carbonate, valerate and the like. It is not limited.

Table 3 shows the tensile strength of hydrogenated NBR in comparison with rubber materials of NBR and CR.

[0049]

[Table 3]

As can be seen from Table 3, since the tensile strength is higher than that of other rubber materials, permanent deformation is small even when deformed by high pressure, and the sealing performance against refrigerant pressure is good. In particular, the pressure of the alternative refrigerant (R410A, B, etc.) during operation is as high as about 1.5 times (45 kg / cm2) the current refrigerant, and particularly as a sealing material for the refrigerant used at such a high pressure. Becomes effective.

The good sealing performance against the refrigerant pressure means that even if the sealing material is thinner than other rubber materials, it can have good sealing performance and the volume of the sealing material can be reduced. The permeation of the refrigerant gas from the air is significantly reduced.

Table 4 shows the spring strength (Hs) of hydrogenated NBR in comparison with rubber materials of NBR and CR.

[0053]

[Table 4]

As a result, since the spring strength is high, the clearance 13a between the valve shaft 2 and the cylindrical portion 6 is lower than that when other rubber material is used.
The protrusion of the shaft sealing material 5 to the outside is small, and the sealing life with respect to the refrigerant pressure is good. This is particularly noticeable for refrigerants used at high pressure. Therefore, the above-mentioned alternative refrigerant is particularly effective as a long-life shaft seal material.

The long service life of the seal means that even if the seal material is thinner than other rubber materials, it can have good sealability over a long period of time and the volume of the seal material becomes small. Permeation of the refrigerant gas from the sealing material is significantly reduced.

Third Embodiment A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Table 5. Table 5 shows the hydrogenated NBR
Shows the total oxidation amount (mgKOH / g) with respect to refrigerator oil.

[0057]

[Table 5]

The substitute refrigerant R407C is used as the refrigerant, and POE, which is a candidate for the substitute refrigerant, is used as the refrigerating machine oil. The total oxidation amount is determined by neutralizing and titrating the amount of acid by hydrolysis using KOH as a standard. Expressed in quantity. Hydrogenated NB
In R, since the total oxidation amount is extremely small as compared with other rubber materials, it is considered that hydrolysis of the refrigerating machine oil is extremely small.
That is, since the decrease in viscosity of the refrigerating machine oil is small and the lubricity is not reduced, the wear of the compressor, the wear at the time of contact between the needle valve body 1 and the valve seat 3, the wear of the threaded portion 10, and the like are extremely reduced. Improve the life of parts and parts.
Further, since the contamination in the refrigerant is reduced, the blockage between the valve body 1 and the valve seat 3 and the blockage of the screw forming portion 10 are extremely reduced.

Other alternative refrigerants include R410A, B,
R404A, R507C, etc., and POE, polyvinyl ether (PV
E) is also particularly effective.

Since the viscosity of the refrigerating machine oil is less reduced and the lubricity is not deteriorated, wear of the compressor and other parts is extremely reduced as described above, and contamination in the refrigerant is reduced.

Further, hydrogenated N obtained by crosslinking an organic peroxide
By using the seal material made of BR, the amount of the seal material can be reduced, so that the hydrolysis is further reduced, the decrease in the viscosity of the refrigerating machine oil can be suppressed, and the life of the compressor is improved. In addition, the valve portion of the fluid control valve is less likely to be blocked by contamination, and the life of the air conditioner can be improved.

Fourth Embodiment A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The same parts as those described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. The fluid control valve according to the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the propulsion bearing 12 and the thread forming portion 10 are provided behind the shaft seal member 5 as shown in FIG.
The driving principle is the same as in the first embodiment. As the shaft seal material 5, an O-ring mainly containing hydrogenated NBR or made of the material described in the second embodiment is used. The shape of the shaft sealing material 5 is not limited to the O-ring,
Other shapes may be used.

The valve housing 4 includes a valve seat 3 and a propulsion bearing 12.
The valve housing 4 is fixed to the cylindrical portion 6 with screws 8, and the motor 9 is externally fixed to the cylindrical portion 6 with screws 7. Here, the valve shaft 2 including the needle-shaped valve element 1 and the valve seat 3 are made of stainless steel, the propulsion bearing 12 is made of a bronze bearing material, and the valve housing 4 and the cylindrical portion 6 are made of brass. It is not limited.

[Fifth Embodiment] A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The same parts as those described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. In the fluid control valve according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the valve shaft 14 has a shaft 14 a having the needle valve body 1.
And a shaft 14b on which the shaft sealing material 5 is installed. The shaft 14a is movably connected to the shaft 14b. A slit-like groove 2a is provided at the rear of the shaft 14b protruding outward from the shaft seal material 5.
And the groove 2a is configured to be connected to the output shaft 9a of the motor 9.

The valve shaft 14 consisting of the shaft 14a and the shaft 14b rotates, and the screw forming portion 10 composed of the male screw formed on the shaft 14a and the forming screw formed on the propulsion bearing 12 rotates the propulsion bearing 12 This is a fluid control valve that controls the opening degree of the valve seat 3 by being converted into a linear motion and moving in the axial direction.

Although the O-ring mainly composed of hydrogenated nitrile rubber is used as the shaft seal material 5, it is not limited to the O-ring, but may have another shape.

The shaft sealing material 5 is provided on the rear end side of the cylindrical portion 6a.
The shaft seal material 5 is deformed in an annular region surrounded by the seal groove 13, the cylindrical portion 6b, and the valve shaft 14 to prevent the fluid from leaking to the outside. In the shaft seal portion, rotational sliding of the valve shaft 14 occurs.

The valve housing 4 includes a valve seat 3 and a propulsion bearing 12.
Are press-fitted or screwed together, the valve housing 4 is fixed to the cylindrical portions 6a and 6b and screws 8, and the motor 9 is externally fixed to the cylindrical portion 6b by screws 7. Here, the valve shaft 3 (that is, the shaft 14a and the shaft 14b) of the valve seat 3 is made of stainless steel, the propulsion bearing 12 is made of a bronze bearing material, and the valve housing 4, and the cylindrical portions 6a and 6b are made of brass. It is not limited to this.

[Sixth Embodiment] A sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the fluid control valve according to the present embodiment has an inflow port 40 and an outflow port 4.
1, and a first through-hole 42 and a second through-hole 43, which are axially adjacent to both sides of the outflow port 41, respectively.
A fluid control valve in which a valve element 31 for selectively communicating with the first port 42 or one of the second port 43 is slidably mounted on a valve seat 32 surface. , A female screw (not shown) is formed inside the valve shaft 3 having a male screw 37 formed therein.
3, the rotation of the valve shaft 33 is converted into a linear motion of the valve element 31.

A shaft seal 35 made of an O-ring mainly composed of hydrogenated NBR is mounted on the valve shaft 33, and a motor is provided at the rear of the valve shaft 33 projecting outward from the shaft seal 35. The 39 output shafts 39a are fixed.

When the output shaft 39a of the motor 39 rotates and the valve shaft 33 rotates in the same direction, the valve element 31 is converted into linear motion and slides on the valve seat 32. For example, motor 39
If the rotation is forward, the valve element 31 moves to the left in the drawing, the valve element 31 selectively connects the outlet 41 and the first port 42, and the inlet 40 and the second port 43 Communicate (Fig. 7
State described). If the motor 39 rotates in the reverse direction, the valve element 31 moves rightward on the paper, and the valve element 31
The communication port 43 is selectively communicated with the inflow port 40 and the first port.
The communication port 42 communicates.

The maximum pressure of the refrigerant flowing into the valve housing 44 from the inlet 40 is about 30 kg / cm ² . In the state shown in the figure, the refrigerant pressure at the first port 42 and the outlet 41 is about 5 kg / cm ² , so that the valve 31 has a differential pressure of 25 kg / cm ^2.
It is pressed against the valve seat at kg / cm ² . Assuming that the diameter of the first port 42 and the outlet 41 is 8 mm and the friction coefficient between the valve body and the valve seat is 0.3, the driving force required for sliding the valve body 31 is 7.
It is 5 kgf. The torque of the motor 39 is 350 gf · c
m, the transmission efficiency of the threaded portion is 40%, and the thread pitch is 0.5, and if the torque loss at the shaft seal portion is 50 gf · cm, the thrust converted to linear motion is 15.1 kgf.
And the valve element 31 can be driven sufficiently.

The valve housing 44 is joined to the base 46 by press fitting, welding, brazing, or the like. The cylindrical portion 49 is externally attached to the base 46 with screws 48 and the like, and the motor 39 is externally attached to the cylindrical portion 49 with screws 47 and the like. Fixed.

The shaft sealing material 3 is provided on the rear end face side of the bearing 45.
5 is formed, and the shaft seal material 35 is deformed in an annular region surrounded by the seal groove 38, the cylindrical portion 49, and the valve shaft 33, thereby preventing fluid from leaking to the outside. Here, the shaft sealing material 35 is made of the sealing material used in the first and second embodiments, and thus detailed description is omitted. The shape of the shaft sealing material 35 is not limited to the O-ring, but may be another shape. Here, the valve body 31 is made of PPS (resin), a valve shaft 33 and a valve seat 32.
Is made of stainless steel, the base 46 and the cylindrical portion 49 are made of brass, the bearing portion 45 is made of a bronze bearing material, and the valve housing 44 is made of a copper pipe material, but is not limited thereto.

[Embodiment 7] A seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 (a), 8 (b) and 8 (c). 8A is a schematic sectional view, and FIGS. 8B and 8C are AA.
FIG. The fluid control valve according to the present embodiment is shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), a valve seat 52 having an inlet 60, an outlet 61, a first outlet 62, and a second outlet 63 opened concentrically adjacent to each other, and the outlet and the first outlet. 62, 2nd passage 63
This is a fluid control valve in which a valve element 51 for selectively communicating with either one of the above is rotatably slidable on the surface of a valve seat 52.

A valve shaft 53 is fixedly mounted on the valve body 51, and a shaft seal 55 made of an O-ring mainly composed of hydrogenated nitrile rubber is mounted on the valve shaft. An output shaft 59a of a motor 59 is fixed to a rear portion of the valve shaft 53 protruding outside from 55. When the output shaft 59a of the motor 59 rotates and the valve shaft 53 also rotates in the same direction, the valve body 51 becomes a valve seat. It is slid on 52 surfaces.

[0101] In addition to FIGS. 8 (b) and 8 (c),
For example, if the motor 59 rotates forward, the valve body 51 moves to the position shown in (b), selectively connects the outlet 61 and the first port 62, and the inlet 60 and the second port 63 It communicates inside the valve housing 54. When the motor 59 is changed to the reverse rotation, the valve body 51 moves to the position shown in FIG.
The inlet 63 is selectively communicated with the inflow port 60 and the first port.
The opening 62 communicates inside the valve housing 54. At this time, the inflow port 60 is connected to the discharge port of the compressor (not shown), and the outflow port 61 is connected to the suction. Therefore, the interior 56 of the valve housing 54 is always in a high pressure state by the high-pressure refrigerant flowing from the inflow port 60. The inside 57 of the valve body 51 is always in a low pressure state, and the valve body 51 is connected to the inside 56 of the valve housing 54 and the valve body 5 regardless of the position of the valve body 51 in any of the positions (b) and (c).
1 is pressed against the valve seat 52 by the differential pressure in the inside 57 of
Prevents refrigerant from flowing between the valve body and the valve seat.

The valve housing 54 is joined to the base 58 by press-fitting, welding, brazing, or the like. The motor 59 has a screw 66 on the cylindrical portion 65, and the cylindrical portion 65 has a screw 67 on the base 68.
And fixed externally.

The shaft sealing material 55 is provided on the lower surface of the bearing 68.
The shaft seal material 55 is deformed in an annular region surrounded by the seal groove 64, the bearing portion 68, and the valve shaft 53 to prevent the refrigerant from leaking to the outside. Here, since the shaft sealing material 55 is made of the sealing material used in the first and second embodiments, detailed description will be omitted. The shape of the shaft sealing material 55 is not limited to the O-ring, but may be another shape. Here, the valve body 51 is made of PPS (resin), a valve shaft 53 and a valve seat 52.
Is made of stainless steel, the base 58 and the cylindrical portion 65 are made of brass, the bearing portion 68 is made of a bronze bearing material, and the valve housing 54 is made of a copper pipe material, but is not limited thereto.

The motor used in the first to sixth embodiments is as follows.
Although a stepping motor is preferable, the invention is not limited to this, and a DC motor may be used.

[Embodiment 8] In this embodiment, the shape of the shaft sealing material used in the present invention will be described. The shape of the shaft sealing material is not limited to the O-ring, but may be another shape.

FIGS. 9A and 9B show some examples.
This is shown using (c) and (d). FIG. 9A shows that the cross section is U
FIG. 9B shows an example in which a U-shaped packing 80 having a mold shape is attached, and a Y-packing 81 having a Y-shaped cross section is attached. FIG. 9C shows an example in which a Y packing 81 and a buffering 82 having an L-shaped cross section are attached. Contamination contained in the refrigeration cycle and impurities contained in the refrigerating machine oil may flow between the shaft seal material, that is, the Y-packing 81 and the valve shaft 2, damaging the shaft seal material and causing seal leakage. In the buffering portion 82, contamination and impurities are blocked. A shaft sealing material 90 shown in FIG. 9D is composed of a shaft sealing lip 83, a buffer lip 84, a dust lip 85, a rubber portion having a fitting portion 86, a reinforcing ring 87, and a garter spring 88. .

The outer peripheral portion of the seal is formed on the inner surface of the seal groove 13 by the fitting force of the fitting portion 86.
Can be fixed and leakage from the outer peripheral portion can be prevented. In addition, the lip 83 has a tightness with respect to the valve shaft 14,
It is possible to prevent leakage by contacting the valve shaft 14 with the tightening force of the garter spring 88. Furthermore, buffer lip 8
4 can prevent the contamination contained in the refrigeration cycle and the impurities contained in the refrigerating machine oil from flowing between the shaft seal material and the valve shaft, thereby preventing the lip 83 from being damaged. It is possible to prevent dust and the like in the atmosphere from entering the refrigeration cycle.

[0084]

As described above, the fluid control valve according to the first aspect of the present invention has a shaft seal material containing hydrogenated NBR as a main component, thereby preventing leakage of the refrigerant and having a good long-term performance. Since the sealing property can be maintained, it can be used as a fluid control valve for a refrigeration cycle of an air conditioner with an extremely simple seal structure, and since a drive source such as a motor can be externally attached, it prevents refrigerant from entering the inside of the motor, In addition to being able to have a simple structure, the effect that the operability is reduced and the change over time in the flow characteristics is extremely reduced, the cost of the driving source is reduced,
There is an effect that low power consumption can be achieved.

A fluid control valve according to a second aspect of the present invention provides, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, a type of rubber material containing hydrogenated NBR as a main component, which is obtained by crosslinking an organic peroxide as a shaft seal material. I have. Therefore, in addition to the effect of the configuration of claim 1, since there is little permanent distortion against deformation due to high pressure, the sealing performance against high-pressure refrigerant is good, and even at high pressure, the protrusion on the low pressure side is extremely small, and the sealing life against high pressure is good. This has the effect. In particular, alternative refrigerants (R410A, B
) Is about 1.5 times the pressure of the current refrigerant (45 kg
/ Cm ² ), which is particularly effective as a sealant for a next-generation refrigerant used at such a high pressure.

Further, the good sealing property and sealing life against high pressure means that even if the sealing material is thinner than other rubber materials, it can have good sealing properties and sealing life, and the volume of the sealing material can be improved. Can be made smaller,
There is an effect that the permeation of the refrigerant gas from the sealing material is significantly reduced.

The fluid control valve according to the third aspect has the following features.
In addition to the effect of the second aspect, since the viscosity of the refrigerating machine oil for the alternative refrigerant is less reduced and the lubricity is not reduced, the wear of the compressor is extremely reduced, and the contamination in the refrigerant is also reduced. Thus, it is particularly effective for next-generation refrigerating machine oil.

According to the above description, in addition to the improvement in the sealing performance and the sealing life, the sealing material can be made smaller, the hydrolysis is further reduced, the decrease in the viscosity of the refrigerating machine oil can be suppressed, and the life of the compressor is improved. Also, the valve portion of the fluid control valve is less likely to be blocked by contamination,
This has the effect of improving the life of the air conditioner as a whole.

The fluid control valve according to the fourth aspect has the following features.
In addition to the effect of 2, the drive source such as the motor can be externally attached, so that the infiltration of the refrigerant into the motor can be prevented, and the entire valve can be made a simple structure. With a very simple structure, the flow rate of the refrigerant can be adjusted. Obtain a fluid control valve that can. In addition, the reduction in operability and the time-dependent change in the flow rate characteristics can be extremely reduced, and the driving source can be reduced in cost and power consumption can be reduced.

The fluid control valve according to claim 5 has the following features.
In addition to the effect of 2, since a fluid control valve (four-way valve) that does not require a pilot structure is obtained, an electromagnetic valve and a thin metal tube other than the valve body are not required, and miniaturization and cost reduction can be achieved. Further, there is no need to always energize in the prior art to maintain the position of the sliding valve body, and the operation cost can be reduced. Further, according to another embodiment, the output shaft of the motor and the valve shaft can be directly interlocked.
It is not necessary to use a magnet as in the example disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 44926, and a simple structure can be achieved, and miniaturization and cost reduction can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fluid control valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a driving state of a fluid control valve according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a driving state of a fluid control valve according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fluid control valve according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fluid control valve according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the chemical structure of hydrogenated NBR used for the shaft seal of the present invention and a diagram showing the chemical structure of NBR.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fluid control valve according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration and a driving state of a fluid control valve according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a shaft sealing material according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional technique.

FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional technique.

FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional technique.

FIG. 13 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional technique.

FIG. 14 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional technique.

FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional technique.

FIG. 16 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Needle valve body 2, 33, 53 Valve shaft 2a Slit groove 3, 32, 52 Valve seat 4, 44, 54 Valve housing 5, 35, 55, 90 Shaft sealing material 6, 49, 65 Cylindrical part 9, 39, 59 Motor 9a, 39a Output shaft 10 Thread forming section 12 Propulsion bearing 21 NBR 22 Hydrogenated NBR 23a, 23b Double bond 31, 51 Valve body 37 Male thread 38, 64 Seal groove 40, 60 Inflow 41, 61 Flow Outlets 42, 43 Passage 45, 68 Bearing 46, 58 Base 62, 63 Lead 80, 81 Packing 82 Buffering 83 Lip 84 Buffer lip 85 Dustrip 86 Fitting part 87 Reinforcement ring 88 Garter spring

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued from the front page (72) Inventor Shigemi Asai 22-22 Nagaikecho, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka F-term (reference) 3H052 AA01 BA22 BA25 BA35 CD03 DA01 EA04 EA11 3H062 AA02 AA05 AA12 AA13 AA15 BB28 BB30 BB33 CC01 DD01 EE06 EE07 EE08 EE09 HH04 HH08 HH09 3H066 AA01 AA03 BA12 BA17 BA19 BA23 DA01 DA16

Claims (5)

[Claims] A housing having an inflow path and an outflow path;
A drive source attached to the housing, a valve body for controlling a flow rate of the fluid passing through the flow path, and a seal disposed on an axial sliding portion of the drive source to prevent the fluid from flowing out of the housing. A fluid control valve comprising: a fluid control valve, characterized in that the sealing material contains at least hydrogenated nitrile rubber as a main component. 2. The fluid control valve according to claim 1, wherein the sealing material containing hydrogenated nitrile rubber as a main component crosslinks an organic peroxide. 3. The fluid control valve according to claim 1, wherein the fluid is an alternative refrigerant. 4. The valve body according to claim 1, wherein the valve body is a needle-shaped valve body, and a conversion mechanism for transmitting rotational power from the drive source and converting the rotational drive to horizontal drive is provided. The fluid control valve according to any one of the above. 5. The housing according to claim 1, wherein the housing has a plurality of flow paths, and a sliding valve body for communicating at least two of the flow paths and a drive source for driving the valve bodies are provided. Item 4. The fluid control valve according to any one of Items 1 to 3.