JP2015108385A - Four-way selector valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a four-way selector valve capable of surely switching a flow channel even when pressure difference between a compressor discharge side and a compressor suction side is little, moving a valve element by small driving force, and suppressing operation noise, an assembling installation cost and the like, in a heat pump type cooling and heating system and the like.SOLUTION: Two two-position selector valves 20A, 20B having an electromagnetic or electric actuator 30 are disposed in one valve housing 10, each of the two-position selector valves 20A, 20B has a valve element 40 vertically moved by the actuator 30, and an upper valve port 21 and a lower valve port 23 selectively opened and closed by the valve element 40, and dimensional shape of each portion is determined to cancel pressing-down force and pressing-up force by a fluid pressure acting on the valve element 40.

Description

  The present invention relates to a four-way switching valve that is incorporated in a heat pump air conditioning system or the like and performs flow path switching, and more particularly to a four-way switching valve in which two electromagnetic or electric two-position switching valves are provided in one valve housing. .

  Generally, heat pump type air conditioning systems such as room air conditioners and car air conditioners are used as flow path (flow direction) switching means in addition to compressors, outdoor heat exchangers, indoor heat exchangers, gas-liquid separators, expansion valves, and the like. 4 way switching valve.

  An example of a heat pump type air conditioning system equipped with this four-way switching valve will be described with reference to FIG. In the illustrated heat pump type air conditioning system 100, the operation mode (cooling operation and heating operation) is switched by the four-way switching valve 140. Basically, the compressor 110, the outdoor heat exchanger (condenser) are switched. 120, an indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 130, a gas-liquid separator (receiver) 150, and an expansion valve 160. The compressor 110, the outdoor heat exchanger 120, the indoor heat exchanger 130, and the gas-liquid separator The four-way switching valve 140 having four ports, that is, the discharge side high pressure port D, the outdoor side input / output port C, the indoor side input / output port E, and the suction side low pressure port S is arranged between the four members 150.

  The devices are connected by a flow path formed by a conduit (pipe) or the like, and when the cooling operation mode is selected, the discharge side of the four-way switching valve 140 is shown by a solid arrow in FIG. The high pressure port D is connected to the outdoor side input / output port C, and the indoor side input / output port E is connected to the suction side low pressure port S. As a result, the low-pressure refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 150 is drawn into the compressor 110, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is led from the compressor 110 to the outdoor heat exchanger 120 via the four-way switching valve 140, where Heat is exchanged with air to condense, and the high-pressure two-phase refrigerant is introduced into the expansion valve 160. The high-pressure refrigerant is decompressed by the expansion valve 160, and the decompressed low-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 130, where it heats (cools) the indoor air and evaporates, and the indoor heat exchanger 130 has a low temperature. The low-pressure refrigerant is returned to the gas-liquid separator 150 via the four-way switching valve 140.

  On the other hand, when the heating operation mode is selected, the discharge side high pressure port D of the four-way switching valve 140 is in the indoor side input / output port E and the outdoor side input / output port C is inhaled, as indicated by the broken line arrow in FIG. The low-pressure refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 150 is drawn into the compressor 110, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is led from the compressor 110 to the indoor heat exchanger 130, where The refrigerant evaporates by heat exchange (heating) and is introduced into the expansion valve 160 as a high-pressure two-phase refrigerant. The expansion valve 160 decompresses the high-pressure refrigerant, and the decompressed low-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the outdoor heat exchanger 120 where it is condensed by exchanging heat with outdoor air. The refrigerant is returned to the gas-liquid separator 150 through the four-way switching valve 140.

  As a four-way switching valve incorporated in a heat pump type air conditioning system as described above, there has been conventionally known a valve body (valve housing) incorporating a slide type main valve body and an electromagnetic pilot valve ( For example, see Patent Document 1). In the four-way switching valve described in Patent Document 1, a discharge-side high-pressure port D, an outdoor-side inlet / outlet port C, a suction-side low-pressure port S, and an indoor-side inlet / outlet port E are formed in the valve housing. In order to create a communication state of D → C and E → S or ports D → E and C → S (to switch the flow path), a sliding main valve body is slidably disposed in the left-right direction. The left and right sides of the sliding main valve body in the valve housing are introduced with a high pressure refrigerant on the compressor discharge side and a low pressure refrigerant on the suction side of the compressor via a pilot valve, respectively. The high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber defined by the piston type packing are provided, and the flow path is switched by sliding the sliding main valve body in the left-right direction using the pressure difference between the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber. Have been to do.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-98872

  By the way, in a heat pump type air conditioning system using a four-way switching valve as described above, when the compressor is stopped, that is, when there is almost no differential pressure between the compressor discharge side and the compressor suction side ( In the four-way switching valve described in Patent Document 1, there is a difference between the compressor discharge side and the compressor suction side. Since the flow is switched by sliding the slide-type main valve body in the left-right direction using pressure (hereinafter sometimes referred to simply as differential pressure), the compressor performs suction and discharge operations. When the operation is not performed, the pressure difference hardly occurs, so that there is a problem that the flow path cannot be switched by the four-way switching valve.

  Further, since the flow switching is performed by sliding the slide type main valve body with a pair of left and right piston type packings, a large driving force is required to move the slide type main valve body (the differential pressure). The slide type main valve body does not move unless it is considerably large), and the operation noise is relatively loud. In addition, the slide type main valve body is separately slid between the pilot valve and the valve housing. Piping (2 for high pressure and 2 for low pressure, 4 in total) is necessary, and there are difficulties in terms of assembly and installation cost, occupied space, and the like.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to change the flow path even when there is almost no differential pressure between the compressor discharge side and the compressor suction side in a heat pump air conditioning system or the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a four-way switching valve that can reliably perform the operation, can move the valve body with a small driving force, and can suppress operation noise, assembly installation cost, and the like.

  In order to achieve the above object, the four-way switching valve according to the present invention is basically provided with two two-position switching valves having an electromagnetic or electric actuator in one valve housing, and each two-position switching valve is provided. The valve has a valve body that is moved up and down by the electromagnetic or electric actuator, and an upper valve port and a lower valve port that are selectively opened and closed by the valve body, and a fluid pressure that acts on the valve body The dimension shape of each part is set so that the pushing-down force and pushing-up force due to can be offset.

  In a preferred embodiment, a high pressure chamber into which a high pressure fluid is introduced is formed below the valve body in the valve housing, and a back pressure chamber is formed above the valve body, and the high pressure chamber and the back pressure chamber are formed. Are connected by a communication passage formed in the valve body.

  In another preferred embodiment, the valve body is connected to or connected to a valve rod portion defining a lower surface of the back pressure chamber and a lower portion of the valve rod portion, and the upper valve port and the lower valve port are connected to each other. Each is composed of a double valve body portion having an upper valve body portion and a lower valve body portion for selectively opening and closing.

  In another preferred embodiment, the two two-position switching valves are juxtaposed vertically on the left and right of the valve housing.

  In another preferred embodiment, a guide portion into which a part of the valve body is slidably inserted is fixed to the valve housing.

  The four-way switching valve according to the present invention is, for example, a differential pressure between the compressor discharge side and the compressor suction side when the compressor is stopped in the heat pump type air conditioning system 100 as shown in FIG. 3 described above. Even when there is almost no (when it is approximately 0 MPa), the flow path can be switched by selectively turning on and off the energization of the two electromagnetic or electric actuators.

  In addition, since the dimensional shape of each part is set so that the push-down force and the push-up force due to the refrigerant pressure acting on the valve body are offset, the valve body can be moved up and down with a small driving force. A compact or inexpensive actuator can be adopted as the type or electric actuator, power consumption can be suppressed, and operation noise can be reduced.

  In addition, since a pilot valve is not required and two two-position switching valves are vertically arranged in one valve housing, it is advantageous in terms of assembly installation cost, occupied space, and the like.

The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 1st state (at the time of air_conditionaing | cooling operation) in one Example of the four-way selector valve which concerns on this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the 2nd state (at the time of heating operation) in one Example of the four-way selector valve concerning this invention. The schematic block diagram which shows an example of a heat pump type | formula air conditioning system.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2 are longitudinal sectional views showing a first state (at the time of cooling operation) and a second state (at the time of heating operation), respectively, in one embodiment of the four-way switching valve according to the present invention. In this specification, descriptions representing positions and directions such as up and down, left and right, and front and rear are given for the sake of convenience in accordance with the drawings in order to avoid complicated explanation, and are actually incorporated in a heat pump type air conditioning system or the like. It does not necessarily indicate the position and direction in the state of being pressed.

  The four-way switching valve 1 of the illustrated embodiment is used as, for example, the four-way switching valve 140 in the heat pump type air conditioning system 100 shown in FIG. 3 described above. The valve housing 10 and the valve housing 10 are arranged side by side vertically. And two solenoid valves (first solenoid valve 20A, second solenoid valve 20B) of the same configuration arranged in parallel.

  The valve housing 10 is made by cutting (cutting) a metal material (ingot) such as aluminum or stainless steel, and a stepped cylindrical first vertical through hole 11A for the first electromagnetic valve 20A is formed on the left side. In addition, a stepped cylindrical second through hole 11B for the second electromagnetic valve 20B is formed on the right side, an upper horizontal hole 12 of the left opening is formed in the upper step, and a lower opening of the left opening is formed in the lower step. Side lateral holes 13 are formed. The first longitudinal hole 11A and the second longitudinal hole 11B are parallel to each other, and the center lines thereof are the center lines Oa and Ob of the first electromagnetic valve 20A and the second electromagnetic valve 20B. Further, the upper lateral hole 12 and the lower lateral hole 13 (center line) intersect perpendicularly on the same plane with respect to the first longitudinal hole 11A and the second longitudinal hole 11B (center lines Oa, Ob).

  Further, the left and right of the vertical center portion of the valve housing 10, in other words, the first vertical through hole 11 </ b> A and the vertical vertical center portion of the second vertical through hole 11 </ b> B sandwich the central partition wall portion 14 and have a first diameter larger than the others. A boring part 15A and a second boring part 15B are formed.

  Moreover, cylindrical holders 38 and 38 for assembly of the first electromagnetic valve 20A and the second electromagnetic valve 20B, which will be described later, are screwed and fixed to the upper ends of the first vertical hole 11A and the second vertical hole 11B. The upper inner peripheral flanges 15u and 15u corresponding to the upper side portions of the first and second boring portions 15A and 15B are upper valves with valve seats 22 of the first electromagnetic valve 20A and the second electromagnetic valve 20B, respectively. The valve seat members 22J and 22J formed with the mouth 21 are screwed and fixed to the lower inner peripheral flange portions 15v and 15v corresponding to the lower side portions of the first and second bore portions 15A and 15B. Are formed with lower valve ports 23, 23 with valve seats 24 of the first electromagnetic valve 20A and the second electromagnetic valve 20B, respectively.

  The first longitudinal hole 11A and the second longitudinal hole 11B, the upper lateral hole 12 and the lower lateral hole 13, and the first bore portion 15A and the second bore portion 15B have substantially the same size and shape.

  The blind lids 18 and 18 are screwed and fixed to the lower ends of the first vertical hole 11A and the second vertical hole 11B, respectively, and the blind lids 19 and 18 are respectively connected to the left ends of the upper lateral hole 12 and the lower lateral hole 13. 19 is fixed by screwing. In addition, O-rings 47 and 48 are provided around the outer periphery of the cylindrical holders for assembly 38 and 38, the blind lids 18 and 18 and the blind lids 19 and 19 which are screwed and fixed to the valve housing 10. 49, and an adhesive is applied as necessary. Further, they may be fixed not by screwing but by press fitting or the like.

  A suction side low-pressure port S is opened at the center in the left-right direction of the upper lateral hole 12 portion closed by the upper blind lid 18 in the valve housing 10 and is closed by the lower blind lid 18. A discharge-side high-pressure port D is opened at the center in the left-right direction of the side lateral hole 13 (front side), and an indoor-side inlet / outlet port E is opened at the first boring part 15A (front side), An outdoor entrance / exit port C is opened at the second boring part 15B (on the front side).

  Here, in the present embodiment, the upper side hole 12 portion where the suction side low pressure port S is opened is referred to as a suction side low pressure chamber 26 common to the first electromagnetic valve 20A and the second electromagnetic valve 20B, and the discharge side high pressure port. The lower horizontal hole 13 portion where D is opened is referred to as a discharge-side high pressure chamber 27 common to the first electromagnetic valve 20A and the second electromagnetic valve 20B, and the first boring portion 15A where the indoor side inlet / outlet port E is opened. Is referred to as the valve chamber (first valve chamber) 25A of the first electromagnetic valve 20A, and the second boring portion 15B in which the outdoor inlet / outlet port C is opened is the valve chamber (second valve chamber) of the second electromagnetic valve 20B. Called 25B.

  Next, the configuration of the first electromagnetic valve 20A and the second electromagnetic valve 20B that are vertically arranged on the left and right of the valve housing 10 will be described. Since the first solenoid valve 20A and the second solenoid valve 20B are basically two-position switching valves having the same configuration, the first solenoid valve 20A will be described below as a representative, and the second solenoid valve 20B ( The same reference numerals (or corresponding reference numerals) as those of the first electromagnetic valve 20A (or the corresponding parts) are used, and the duplicate description thereof is omitted.

  The first electromagnetic valve 20 </ b> A includes an electromagnetic actuator 30, a valve body 40 (the valve rod portion 41 and the double valve body portion 50), and a lower rod-shaped guide portion 60 in order from the top.

  The electromagnetic actuator 30 includes a coil 31 for energization excitation, a case 32 that covers the outer periphery of the coil 31, an attractor 34 that is disposed on the upper inner periphery of the coil 31 and is fixed to the case 32 with a bolt 33, and this suction. A plunger 35 disposed opposite to the lower side of the child 34, a power cable 39 for energizing the coil 31, and the like are provided. A conical concave portion is formed in the lower portion of the suction element 34, and a convex portion that fits into the concave portion is formed in the upper portion of the plunger 35. The plunger 35 is slidably fitted into a cylindrical guide pipe 36 having an upper portion disposed between the coil 31 and the suction element 34. The upper end of the guide pipe 36 is fixed to the outer peripheral stepped portion of the suction element 34 by brazing or the like, and the lower end of the guide pipe 36 is screwed and fixed to the upper end portion of the first vertical through hole 11A in the valve housing 10. The cylindrical assembly cylindrical holder 38 with the ceiling portion 38b is fixed to the inner peripheral terrace portion of the central hole of the ceiling portion by brazing or the like.

  The lower portion of the plunger 35 is slidably fitted into the upper portion of a valve stem portion 41 described later, and is formed of a compression coil spring that urges the plunger 35 downward between the suction element 34 and the plunger 35. A push-down valve spring 37 is contracted.

  Here, in this embodiment, the inner diameter of the cylindrical holder 38 for assembly in the electromagnetic actuator 30 (= the diameter of the back pressure chamber 28 described later) Da, the upper valve port formed in the valve seat member 22J. The diameter Db of 21 and the diameter Dc of the lower valve opening 23 are the same diameter (details will be described later).

  The valve rod portion 41 constituting the upper portion of the valve body 40 is, in order from the top, a large-diameter upper insertion portion 42 that is slidably inserted into the inner periphery of the assembly cylindrical holder 38, and has a medium diameter. An intermediate portion 43 and a screwed small diameter portion (male thread portion) 44 are provided. A concave hole 45 in which the lower portion of the plunger 35 is slidably inserted is formed in the upper center of the upper insertion portion 42, and the lower end surface of the plunger 35 can be brought into contact with and separated from the bottom surface of the concave hole 45. . In addition, a sealing material (piston ring) 46 for sliding surfaces is mounted on the outer periphery of the upper fitting portion 42 so as to seal the space between the inner peripheral surface of the assembly cylindrical holder 38. . As will be described later, the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor is introduced through the communication passage 70 in the portion of the inner peripheral portion (space) of the mounting cylindrical holder 38 above the upper fitting insertion portion 42. The back pressure chamber 28 is formed.

  Further, the double valve body portion 50 constituting the lower portion of the valve body 40 is formed into a bobbin shape having upper and lower hook-shaped portions, and the upper truncated cone-shaped upper valve with the upper hook-shaped portion being separated from and contacting the upper valve seat 22. It is a body part 51, and the lower flange part is an inverted truncated cone-shaped lower valve body part 52 that is separated from and in contact with the lower valve seat 24. A stepped longitudinal through hole 53 is formed at the center of the double valve body 50, and an upper end of the stepped longitudinal through hole 53 is fitted with a lower end portion of the intermediate portion 43 of the valve stem portion 41, and a screwed small diameter portion ( A fixed portion (female screw portion) 54 to which a male screw portion 44 is screwed is used. Therefore, the screwed small diameter portion (female screw portion) 44 of the valve stem portion 41 is replaced with a fixed portion (female screw portion) of the double valve body portion 50. ) 54 is screwed and fixed, whereby the valve stem 41 and the double valve body 50 are integrated to form the valve body 40. The lower portion of the stepped longitudinal through hole 53 is an outer insertion portion 55 that is slidably inserted into the upper portion of the lower bar-shaped guide portion 60. The valve stem portion 41 and the double valve body portion 50 may be integrated by a technique such as press-fitting or adhesion, instead of being integrated by screwing as described above, or from the beginning. (A double valve body portion may be connected to the lower portion of the valve stem portion).

  The lower rod-shaped guide portion 60 is formed in the upper insertion portion 61, the large-diameter intermediate portion 62, and the blind lid 18 into which the outer insertion portion 55 of the double valve body portion 50 is slidably inserted. It has a screwed small diameter part (male thread part) 63 that is implanted and fixed in a stepped concave hole (female thread part) 65. The lower bar-shaped guide portion 60 and the blind lid 18 may be manufactured as a single unit from the beginning instead of being manufactured separately as described above and fixed later.

  Between the lower end surface of the double valve body portion 50 and the upper terrace portion of the large diameter intermediate portion 62 in the lower rod-shaped guide portion 60, the valve body 40 including the double valve body portion 50 and the valve rod portion 41 is provided. A push-up valve closing spring 57 composed of a compression coil spring biased upward is contracted. Here, the set load (biasing force) of the push-up valve closing spring 57 is set smaller than the set load (biasing force) of the push-down valve closing spring 37 described above.

  In addition to the above, it is formed between the back pressure chamber 28 and the suction element 34 and the plunger 35 which are the upper part of the inner insertion portion (space) of the assembly cylindrical holder 38 above the upper insertion portion 42. In order to introduce the high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor, the lower rod-shaped guide portion 60, the valve body 40 (the double valve body portion 50 and the valve rod portion 41), and the center of each part of the plunger 35 are vertically penetrated. A communication path 70 is formed as described above. The communication passage 70 is formed in the lower rod-shaped guide portion 60 in order from the bottom, and includes a plurality of horizontal holes 71 that open to the discharge-side high pressure chamber 27, a vertical hole 72 formed in the lower rod-shaped guide portion 60, and a double valve body. An intermediate portion 73 of the stepped longitudinal through hole 53 of the portion 50, a longitudinal through hole 74 formed in the valve stem 41, a stepped longitudinal through hole 75 formed in the plunger 35, and a lower portion of the plunger 35, the back pressure chamber 28 A plurality of lateral holes 76 and the like are opened.

  Here, an example of the assembly procedure of the four-way selector valve 1 of the present embodiment having the configuration as described above will be described. First, (1) the electromagnetic actuator 30 portion and the valve body 40 portion in the first electromagnetic valve 20A and the second electromagnetic valve 20B are assembled in advance, and (2) the lower bar-shaped guide portion 60 is implanted and fixed in the blind lid 18. (3) The blind cover 18 (+ the lower rod-shaped guide portion 60) is assembled to the valve housing 10, and (4) the push-up valve closing spring 57 is extrapolated to the upper insertion portion 61 of the lower rod-shaped guide portion 60. (5) Extrapolate the lower part of the lower rod-shaped guide part 60 so that the valve body 40 is placed on the upper insertion part 61 of the upper insertion part 61, and (6) the electromagnetic actuator is attached to the valve housing 10. 30 parts are assembled, the cylindrical holder 38 part for assembly is extrapolated to the upper fitting insertion part 42 of the valve stem part 41, and (7) the blind lids 19 and 19 are assembled. The above assembly procedure is merely an example, and the present invention is not limited to this.

  In the first electromagnetic valve 20A configured as described above, the inner diameter of the assembly cylindrical holder 38 (= the chamber diameter of the back pressure chamber 28) Da, that is, the pressure receiving area of the upper fitting portion 42 of the valve body 40, The diameter Db of the upper valve port 21, that is, the pressure receiving area of the upper valve body 51 in the closed state, and the diameter Dc of the lower valve port 23, that is, the pressure receiving area of the lower valve body 52 in the closed state are the same. Therefore, the push-down force due to the refrigerant pressure acting in the direction of pushing down the valve body 40 and the push-up force due to the refrigerant pressure acting in the direction pushing up the valve body 40 are offset. Further, the set load (biasing force) of the push-down valve closing spring 37 is set larger than the set load (biasing force) of the push-up valve closing spring 57.

  Therefore, when the coil 31 of the first electromagnetic valve 20A is not energized, as shown in FIG. The valve body 40 is pushed down integrally, the lower valve body 52 is seated on the lower valve seat 24, the lower valve port 23 is closed, and the upper valve body 51 is separated from the upper valve seat 22. Thus, the upper valve port 21 is opened (hereinafter, this state is referred to as an upper open / closed state).

  On the other hand, when the coil 31 of the first electromagnetic valve 20A is energized, as shown in FIG. 2, the plunger 35 is pulled down toward the attractor 34 against the biasing force of the valve closing spring 37. Accordingly, the valve body 40 is pushed up by the urging force of the valve closing spring 57 to follow the plunger 35, the upper valve body portion 51 is seated on the upper valve seat 22, and the upper valve port 21 is closed. The lower valve body 52 is separated from the lower valve seat 24 and the lower valve port 23 is opened (hereinafter, this state is referred to as an upper closed / open state).

  In the upper closed and opened state, the back pressure chamber 28 is narrowed in the vertical direction, but the upper valve body 51 is seated on the upper valve seat 22, so that the upper end surface of the upper fitting portion 42 and the assembly cylinder A gap α (back pressure chamber 28 portion) is formed between the lower surface of the ceiling portion 38b of the cylindrical holder 38, and also between the lower end surface of the plunger 35 and the bottom surface of the recessed hole 45 of the upper fitting portion 42. A gap β is formed.

  On the other hand, the second solenoid valve 20B having the same configuration as the first solenoid valve 20A also operates in the same manner as the first solenoid valve 20A, and is shown in FIG. 2 when the coil 31 of the second solenoid valve 20B is not energized. As shown in FIG. 1, when the coil 31 of the second electromagnetic valve 20B is energized, as shown in FIG.

  Next, the four-way switching valve 1 of the present embodiment is incorporated into the heat pump type air conditioning system 100 as shown in FIG. 3 described above to switch the operation mode (cooling operation and heating operation) (channel switching). A case where the valve 1 is used will be described.

  First, during the cooling operation, as shown in FIG. 1, the first solenoid valve 20A is energized OFF, and the second solenoid valve 20B is energized ON. As a result, the first electromagnetic valve 20A is in the upper open / closed state, the second electromagnetic valve 20B is in the upper closed / opened state, and the discharge side high pressure port D is connected to the discharge side high pressure chamber 27 → the lower valve port of the second electromagnetic valve 20B. 23 → communicates with the outdoor inlet / outlet port C via the second valve chamber 25B, and the indoor inlet / outlet port E connects the first valve chamber 25A → the upper valve port 21 of the first electromagnetic valve 20A → the suction-side low pressure chamber 26. Through the suction side low-pressure port S, thereby cooling the room.

  Further, during the heating operation, as shown in FIG. 2, the first electromagnetic valve 20A is energized ON and the second electromagnetic valve 20B is energized OFF. As a result, the first electromagnetic valve 20A is in an upper closed / open state, the second electromagnetic valve 20B is in an upper open / closed state, and the discharge side high pressure port D is connected to the discharge side high pressure chamber 27 → the lower valve port of the first electromagnetic valve 20A. 23 → communicates with the indoor inlet / outlet port E via the first valve chamber 25A, and the outdoor inlet / outlet port C connects the second valve chamber 25B → the upper valve port 21 of the second electromagnetic valve 20B → the suction side low pressure chamber 26. Through the suction-side low-pressure port S, thereby heating the room.

  As can be understood from the above description, the four-way switching valve 1 of the embodiment of the present invention has the following effects.

  When the compressor is stopped in the heat pump type air conditioning system 100 as shown in FIG. 3 described above, that is, when there is almost no differential pressure between the compressor discharge side and the compressor suction side (at approximately 0 MPa), Although the four-way switching valve described in Patent Document 1 cannot switch the flow path, in the four-way switching valve 1 of the embodiment of the present invention, as described above, to the first electromagnetic valve 20A and the second electromagnetic valve 20B. The flow path can be switched by selectively turning on / off the current.

  Further, a communication passage 70 is formed in the valve body 40 and the like so that high-pressure refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor is introduced into the back pressure chamber 28 and the like, and the inner diameter Da of the assembly cylindrical holder 38 (back pressure chamber 28), Since the diameter Db of the upper valve port 21 and the diameter Dc of the lower valve port 23 are set to be the same, the push-down force due to the refrigerant pressure acting on the valve body 40 and the push-up force are offset. The valve body 40 can be moved up and down with a small driving force, so that a small and inexpensive electromagnetic actuator 30 can be adopted, power consumption can be suppressed, and operation noise can be reduced. be able to.

  In addition, a pilot valve is not required, and two two-position switching valves (first electromagnetic valve 20A and second electromagnetic valve 20B) are vertically arranged side by side in one valve housing 10 vertically. Therefore, it is advantageous in terms of assembly installation cost, occupied space, and the like.

  In the above embodiment, the electromagnetic actuator 30 is used to drive (vertically move) the valve body 40, but an electric actuator (stepping motor + screw feed mechanism or the like) may be used instead. . In this case, even when energization of the electric actuator is turned off, the upper closed / opened state and the upper opened / closed closed state can be maintained, and power consumption can be reduced.

  Of course, the four-way selector valve according to the present invention can be incorporated not only in a heat pump air conditioning system but also in other systems, devices, and devices.

  In addition, the material of the valve housing is not limited to aluminum or stainless steel, but may be any metal or resin that can withstand the pressure of the refrigerant introduced into the valve housing. Also good. The same applies to components other than the valve housing.

1 Four-way selector valve 10 Valve housing 20A First solenoid valve 20B Second solenoid valve 21 Upper valve port 23 Lower valve port 25A First valve chamber 25B Second valve chamber 26 Suction side low pressure chamber 27 Discharge side high pressure chamber 28 Back pressure chamber 30 Electromagnetic actuator 31 Coil 35 Plunger 37 Push-down valve closing spring 38 Assembling cylindrical holder 40 Valve body 41 Valve rod portion 42 Upper fitting insertion portion 50 Double valve body portion 51 Upper valve body portion 52 Lower valve body portion 57 Push-up Valve closing spring 60 Lower rod-shaped guide portion 70 Communication path D Discharge side high pressure port S Suction side low pressure port C Outdoor input / output port E Indoor input / output port

Claims (5)

  Two two-position switching valves having electromagnetic or electric actuators are provided in one valve housing, and each two-position switching valve has a valve body that is moved up and down by the electromagnetic or electric actuator, and the valve body. The size and shape of each part are set so that the push-down force and the push-up force due to the fluid pressure acting on the valve body are canceled out. A four-way switching valve characterized by   A high pressure chamber into which a high pressure fluid is introduced is formed below the valve body in the valve housing, and a back pressure chamber is formed above the valve body, and the high pressure chamber and the back pressure chamber are the valve. The four-way switching valve according to claim 1, wherein the four-way switching valve is connected by a communication passage formed in the body.   The valve body is connected to or connected to a valve rod portion defining a lower surface of the back pressure chamber and a lower portion of the valve rod portion, and selectively opens and closes the upper valve port and the lower valve port, respectively. The four-way switching valve according to claim 2, wherein the four-way switching valve comprises an upper valve body portion and a double valve body portion having a lower valve body portion.   2. The four-way switching valve according to claim 1, wherein the two two-position switching valves are arranged side by side vertically on the left and right sides of the valve housing.   The four-way switching valve according to claim 1, wherein a guide portion into which a part of the valve body is slidably fitted is provided on the valve housing side.

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