JP3981274B2 - Four-way valve - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a four-way valve, and more particularly to a four-way valve in which a flow path switching four-way valve used in a refrigeration system is housed in one block.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a refrigeration cycle such as an air conditioner, a four-way valve is used for switching a refrigerant flow path for switching between heating and cooling. Conventionally, a four-way valve often has a large number of pipes that go in and out of the switching valve around the switching valve. There was a problem that the assembly required time. Moreover, since there are many said mounting parts, there also existed a problem that there existed a possibility of a refrigerant | coolant leak etc. by deterioration accompanying a long-term severe use.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to provide a four-way valve that simplifies the structure of the four-way valve used in the refrigeration system, is compact, and has improved durability. It is in.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, a four-way valve according to the present invention includes a block made of a single member, a high pressure introduction hole, a low pressure discharge hole, a first port, a second port, an electromagnetic on-off valve, a switching valve, and a check. When a valve is provided and the electromagnetic on-off valve is opened, the high-pressure refrigerant introduced from the high-pressure introduction hole is led out from the second port and the low-pressure refrigerant is introduced from the first port, so that the low-pressure lead-out hole When the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed, the high-pressure refrigerant introduced from the high-pressure introduction hole is led out from the first port, and the low-pressure refrigerant is introduced from the second port to exit from the low-pressure lead hole. A four-way valve that is led out, wherein the electromagnetic valve is configured to open and close a switching valve hole that slidably accommodates the switching valve in the block, and a valve seat that communicates with the switching valve hole. Solenoid valve to be mounted The switching valve hole, the high pressure introduction hole communicating with the portions corresponding to both ends of the switching valve, the check valve hole for slidably receiving the check valve, the one end side of the check valve hole and the switching A first hole communicating with one end of the valve hole, a second hole communicating with the other end of the check valve hole and the other end of the switching valve hole, and the switching valve hole A communication hole communicating with a portion corresponding to an intermediate portion of the switching valve and the electromagnetic valve hole, the first port communicating with one end side of the check valve hole, and communicating with the other end side of the check valve hole The second port and the low pressure outlet hole communicating with the intermediate portion of the check valve hole are formed, the switching valve has ball valves at both ends, and one end of the switching valve hole is An opening on the side of the block and a closing member at one end The closing member is a valve hole that communicates with the switching valve hole and the first hole, and a valve that is formed around an opening of the valve hole on the switching valve hole side so that the ball valve contacts and separates. And the switching valve communicates the switching valve hole and the second hole when the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed, and blocks the switching valve hole and the first hole. And when the electromagnetic on-off valve is opened, the switching valve hole and the first hole are communicated with each other and the switching valve hole and the second hole are blocked, When the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed, the other end side of the check valve hole is cut off from the low pressure outlet hole and the first port, and the low pressure outlet hole and the first port are communicated with each other. When the on-off valve is opened, one end side of the check valve hole, the low pressure outlet hole, and the first And the second port is communicated with the low pressure outlet hole.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view during cooling of an embodiment according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view during heating of the embodiment, and FIG. It is sectional drawing of an AA line. In the following, the description will be made with reference to the drawings, but the expressions “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, “front” and “back” are accompanied with the description of the drawings and do not necessarily match the actual positional relationship.
[0009]
As shown in FIG. 1, the block 1 constituting the four-way valve of the present invention has a substantially square shape as a whole, although a step is formed at the upper right as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, it is formed in a substantially rectangular shape. The block 1 is provided with an opening described below and a hole connecting the opening.
[0010]
As shown in FIG. 2, on the back surface of the block 1 (upper part of FIG. 2), for example, a high-pressure introduction hole 2 connected to the compressor is formed toward the surface of the block 1 (lower part of FIG. 2). A high-pressure flow hole 3d communicating with a switching valve hole 6 described later is formed. Further, in parallel with the high-pressure flow hole 3d, another high-pressure flow hole 3e communicates with the switching valve hole 6 from the back surface (upper part of FIG. 2) to the front surface (lower part of FIG. 2). It is formed. The other high-pressure flow hole 3e is closed by a closing bolt 3c. Further, a further high-pressure flow hole 3f is drilled in the block 1 from the right to the left in FIG. The high-pressure flow hole 3f communicates with the two high-pressure flow holes 3d and 3e, and the hole is closed by a closing bolt 3b.
[0011]
As shown in FIG. 1, the block 1 further has a communication hole 8 that communicates from a later-described switching valve hole 6 to a later-described electromagnetic valve hole 9. Bolts 8a fastened in a hole opening to the communication hole 8 is formed for convenience of machining (drilling) is provided. Further, a second hole 3g is formed from the vicinity of the right end of the switching valve hole 6 in the block 1 to the vicinity of the right end of the check valve hole 7 described later.
[0012]
Next, the switching valve hole 6 formed in the block 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the switching valve hole 6 is drilled from the left to the right of the block 1, and a switching valve 20 is formed inside the switching valve hole 6. The opening of the switching valve hole 6 (the left side of the block 1) is closed by a closing bolt 24 using a seal 24a. A ball valve hole 24b having a substantially T-shaped vertical cross section is formed in the closing bolt 24. The ball valve hole 24b includes the switching valve hole 6, the lower first hole 5, and the upper electromagnetic valve. It is formed so as to communicate with the hole 9. As described above, one end of the high-pressure flow hole 3d and the high-pressure flow hole 3e communicate with the switching valve hole 6 as shown in FIG.
[0013]
A check valve hole 7 is formed below the block 1 in parallel with the switching valve hole 6 as shown in FIG. A check valve 30 is provided in the check valve hole 7. The check valve hole 7 is drilled from both the left and right sides of the block 1, and a small diameter portion is formed at the center thereof, and check valve seats 7a and 7b are formed at the left and right shoulder portions of the small diameter portion. A right stop bolt 33a is provided at the right hole (the right side surface of the block 1) of the check valve hole 7, and a left stop bolt 33b is provided at the left hole (the left side surface of the block 1) of the check valve hole 7. However, each check valve hole 7 is closed. Further, the second port 3a communicates with the check valve hole 7 near the right end of the check valve hole 7, and the first port 3a communicates with the check valve hole 7 near the left end of the check valve hole 7 . Ports 5a are respectively formed. Further, in the upper left of the check valve hole 7, the first hole 5 is provided in communication with, the first hole 5 communicates with the ball valve hole 24b.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 1, an electromagnetic valve hole 9 is provided on the left shoulder of the block 1. As described above, the electromagnetic valve hole 9 communicates with the communication hole 8 on the side and communicates with the ball valve hole 24b on the lower side. Note that a hole formed to make the communication hole 8 is closed by a closing bolt 19.
[0015]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the switching valve 20 is provided in the switching valve hole 6. The switching valve 20 has a first ball valve 21a and a second ball valve 21b on the right and left sides, and further has a ball coupling body 22 that integrates them. The first ball valve 21a is integrally held by the ball connector 22 by the ball holding portion 22a, and the second ball valve 21b is integrally held by the ball connector 22 by the ball holding portion 22b. A spring 23 is mounted between the right end of the ball connector 22 and the vicinity of the ball valve seat 6a formed in the block 1 to press the switching valve 20 leftward. Switching valve 20 is cut off the left and right spaces, the switching valve 20 is basically formed as the high-pressure refrigerant side (high-pressure hole 3d side) is "open". The switching valve 20 moves left and right by the load difference between the pressure in the central space 6 b of the switching valve hole 6 and the pressing force of the spring 23.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the switching valve 20 is arranged on the right side when the second ball valve 21b arranged on the left side is in contact with the ball valve seat 24c and is “closed”. The first ball valve 21a is separated from the ball valve seat 6a and is “open”. When the switching valve 20 moves to the right due to the refrigerant pressure balance and the first ball valve 21a comes into contact with the ball valve seat 6a, the state shown in FIGS. , 4, the second ball valve 21b side is opened.
[0017]
Next, the check valve 30 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the check valve 30 is disposed in the check valve hole 7 formed in the block 1, and has a left-right symmetric shape, the first check valve 31 a at the right end, and the left end. The second check valves 31b are respectively arranged, and these two valve bodies are connected by a rod-like check valve connecting body 32. The first check valve 31a is formed in a frame shape as a whole, and several communication portions 31a ′ are formed on the outer periphery, and the right end side (bottom portion) thereof can be in contact with the right set bolt 33a. The second check valve 31b is symmetrical to the first check valve 31a, but has the same shape. In addition, like the first check valve 31a, several refrigerant communication portions 31b ′ are formed in the second check valve 31b.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 1, the left inclined portion of the first check valve 31a blocks the flow of the refrigerant when contacting the check valve seat 7a. At this time, the second check valve 31b side is not in contact with the check valve seat 7b, and the refrigerant can flow. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, when the second check valve 31b is in contact with the check valve seat 7b, the refrigerant on the first check valve 31a side can flow. The left / right movement of the check valve 30 is “closed” on the high-pressure refrigerant side.
[0019]
The electromagnetic on-off valve 10 is integrally attached to the electromagnetic valve hole 9 of the block 1 using an attachment valve cylinder 16. The attachment valve cylinder 16b is integrally provided at a lower portion of a plunger guide cylinder 12 described later, and is screwed to the block 1 by a screw portion provided on the outer periphery of the attachment valve cylinder 16b. The solenoid opening / closing valve 10 has a solenoid 11 disposed on the outer periphery thereof, a plunger guide tube 12 disposed at a central cylindrical portion thereof, and an attractor 13 fixed to the upper portion thereof by an attractor stop bolt 13a. A plunger 15 that can slide up and down is disposed in the plunger guide cylinder 12. An open / close ball valve 14 is fixed to the lower end of the plunger 15 and can contact the valve seat body 18. The valve seat body 18 is fixed to the bottom of the electromagnetic valve hole 9 and communicates with the ball valve hole 24b through a communication hole provided at the center of the valve seat body 18.
[0020]
Next, the operation of the embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 shows the state of a four-way valve during cooling in a refrigeration system. The electromagnetic on-off valve 10 is turned off from the lead wire 17, and the on-off ball valve 14 is moved by a spring 15a via a plunger 15. The high pressure refrigerant in the electromagnetic valve hole 9 is blocked by the open / close ball valve 14 because it is in contact with the valve seat body 18. As a result, the high-pressure refrigerant in the high-pressure flow holes 3d and 3e acts on both the first ball valve 21a and the second ball valve 21b, but since the working area is larger on the first ball valve 21a side, FIG. The position shown in FIG. Accordingly, the high-pressure refrigerant flows into the high-pressure introduction hole 2, the high-pressure flow hole 3d, the switching valve hole 6, the second hole 3g, the check valve hole 7, and the second port 3a, and is provided to a heat exchanger or the like (not shown) as appropriate. Is done. At this time, as a result of the high pressure refrigerant acting on the first check valve 31a from the right and the low pressure refrigerant acting on the second check valve 31b from the left, the check valve 30 has a positional relationship as shown in FIG. The high-pressure refrigerant from 3 is not directly led out from the low-pressure outlet hole 4.
[0021]
Then, the refrigerant provided from the second port 3a to the heat exchanger or the like becomes a low-pressure refrigerant and flows into the first port 5a and passes through the check valve hole 7 (on the second check valve 31b side) to derive the low pressure. It is led out from the hole 4 and returns to the compressor or the like.
[0022]
Next, the arrangement state of each valve and the flow of the refrigerant during heating will be described with reference to FIGS. During heating, current is supplied from the lead wire 17 to the solenoid 11, and the attractor 13 is magnetized by the electromagnetic effect. As a result, the plunger 15 is attracted upward against the spring 15a, and the open / close ball valve 14 also moves upward. As a result, the communication hole of the valve seat body 18 is opened, the high-pressure refrigerant in the electromagnetic valve hole 9 is supplied into the ball valve hole 24b, and the pressure in the central space 6b of the switching valve hole 6 decreases.
[0023]
On the other hand, since the pressure in the central space 6b of the switching valve hole 6 is reduced, the second ball valve 21b side having a large operating area is sucked, and the switching valve 20 moves to the right and enters the state shown in FIGS. As a result, the first ball valve 21a side becomes the low-pressure refrigerant side, and the high-pressure refrigerant in the high-pressure flow hole 3e flows into the check valve hole 7 through the first hole 5, and as a result, the check valve 30 is moved to the right. Move. The high-pressure refrigerant is supplied to the heat exchanger or the like through the second check valve 31b side and the first port 5a. The refrigerant provided to the heat exchanger or the like from the first port 5a returns to the second port 3a, passes through the check valve hole 7 (on the first check valve 31a side), is led out from the low pressure outlet hole 4 and is compressed ( It will return to (not shown).
[0024]
As described above, when the refrigerant flow direction is reversed by switching between cooling and heating, the switching valve 20 and the check valve are automatically turned on and off by simply turning on / off the electricity to the electromagnetic on-off valve 10 attached to the block 1. 30 was switched, and the flow of the refrigerant was appropriately reversed. Although one embodiment of the four-way valve has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the electromagnetic on-off valve 10, the switching valve 20, the check valve 30, and the like are other means for appropriately realizing these functions. Can be replaced with. Further, the positional relationship of the electromagnetic on-off valve 10, the switching valve 20, the check valve 30, and the holes (pipe lines) communicating these valve portions in the block 1 can be appropriately changed within the scope of the present invention. .
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
With the above configuration, the present invention has the following effects.
In the four-way valve of the present invention, the refrigerant introduction port, the discharge port, the flow hole (pipe) and the valve body are incorporated in a single block, thereby realizing a simplified structure and a compact structure. In addition, since an electromagnetic on-off valve for turning on and off the refrigerant flow between the pipes is attached to the block, it is not necessary to install a pipe accompanying the attachment of the electromagnetic on-off valve.
[0026]
In addition, the switching valve between the first hole and the second hole in the pipe line is simplified on the high-pressure refrigerant side and closed on the low-pressure refrigerant side. Further, since the switching valve uses two ball valves, the switching valve can be easily mounted and processed in the block. Further, a check valve is interposed between the first hole and the second hole in the pipe line, and the check valve is configured so that the high-pressure refrigerant side is closed and the low-pressure refrigerant side is opened. The configuration is further simplified. Further, the check valve, by which with two check valves, and facilitate attachment and processing of the switching valve in the block.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view during cooling of an embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same embodiment during heating.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Block 2 ... High pressure introduction hole 3, 3d-3 e ... High pressure flow hole 3a ... 2nd port 3b ... Closing bolt 3c ... Closing bolt 3g ... 2nd Hole 4 ... low pressure outlet hole 5 ... first hole 5a ... first port 6 ... switching valve hole 6a ... ball valve seat 6b ... central space 7 ... check Valve hole 7a, 7b ... Check valve seat 8 ... Communication hole 8a ... Stop bolt 9 ... Solenoid valve hole 10 ... Solenoid valve 11 ... Solenoid 12 ... Plunger guide tube 13 ... Suction Child 13a ·· Suction stop bolt 14 · · Opening and closing ball valve 15 · · Plunger 15a · · Spring 16 · · Mounting cylinder 17 · · Lead wire 18 · · Valve seat 19 · · Closing bolt 20 · · Switching valve 21a .. First ball valve 21b .. Second ball valve 22 .. Ball connector 22a, 2 b ... ball holding portion 23 ... spring 24 ... closure bolt 24a ... seal 24b ... ball valve holes 24c ... ball valve seat 30 ... check valve 31a ... first check valve 31a '... communicating portion 31b・ ・ Second check valve 31b ′ ・ ・ Communication part 32 ・ ・ Check valve connector 33a ・ ・ Right stop bolt 33b ・ ・ Left stop bolt

Claims (1)

A block made of a single member is provided with a high-pressure introduction hole, a low-pressure lead-out hole, a first port, a second port, an electromagnetic on-off valve, a switching valve, and a check valve, and when the electromagnetic on-off valve is opened, When the high-pressure refrigerant introduced from the high-pressure introduction hole is led out from the second port and the low-pressure refrigerant is introduced from the first port and led out from the low-pressure lead hole, and the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed, the high-pressure refrigerant is A high-pressure refrigerant introduced from an introduction hole is led out from the first port, and a low-pressure refrigerant is introduced from the second port and led out from the low-pressure lead hole,
A switching valve hole that slidably accommodates the switching valve in the block, an electromagnetic valve hole in which the electromagnetic switching valve is mounted so as to open and close a valve seat that communicates with the switching valve hole, and the switching valve A high-pressure introduction hole that communicates with a portion of the hole corresponding to both ends of the switching valve, a check valve hole that slidably accommodates the check valve, one end side of the check valve hole, and one end side of the switching valve hole A first hole communicating with the second valve, a second hole communicating with the other end of the check valve hole and the other end of the switching valve hole, and an intermediate portion of the switching valve in the switching valve hole A communication hole that communicates and connects a portion corresponding to the electromagnetic valve hole, the first port that communicates with one end side of the check valve hole, and the second port that communicates with the other end side of the check valve hole. A port and the low pressure outlet hole communicating with an intermediate portion of the check valve hole There is bored,
The switching valve has ball valves at both ends,
One end of the switching valve hole opens on the side surface of the block, and a closing member is attached to the one end. The closing member includes a valve hole communicating the switching valve hole and the first hole, and the valve hole. And a valve seat that is formed around the opening on the switching valve hole side in which the ball valve contacts and separates,
The switching valve communicates the switching valve hole and the second hole when the electromagnetic switching valve is closed, blocks the switching valve hole and the first hole, and opens the electromagnetic switching valve. The switching valve hole and the first hole are communicated with each other and the switching valve hole and the second hole are blocked.
The check valve shuts off the other end side of the check valve hole from the low pressure outlet hole and the first port when the electromagnetic on-off valve is closed, and connects the low pressure outlet hole and the first port. Communicating, shutting off one end side of the check valve hole, the low pressure outlet hole and the second port when the electromagnetic on-off valve is opened, and communicating the low pressure outlet hole and the second port. Configured
A four-way valve characterized by that.

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