JP4451801B2 - Four-way valve - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a four-way valve used in a refrigeration cycle, and more particularly to a four-way valve that can effectively reduce the amount of heat transfer from a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant.

  In general, refrigeration cycles such as air conditioners and refrigeration systems include the following patents in addition to compressors, gas-liquid separators, condensers (outdoor heat exchangers), evaporators (indoor heat exchangers), expansion valves, etc. As can be seen in Document 1, etc., a four-way valve is provided as a flow path (flow direction) switching means.

  An example of the refrigeration cycle provided with this four-way valve will be described with reference to FIG. The refrigeration cycle 300 in the illustrated example is of an air conditioner, and the operation mode (cooling operation and heating operation) is switched by the four-way valve 320. That is, the compressor 310, the gas-liquid separator 312, the condenser (outdoor heat exchanger) 314, the evaporator (indoor heat exchanger) 316, and the expansion valve 318 are provided. Between the condenser 314 and the evaporator 316, a four-way valve 320 having four first to fourth ports a, b, c, and d (see FIG. 12) is disposed.

  The devices are connected by a flow path formed by a conduit (pipe) or the like. Specifically, the suction flow path 321 that guides the refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 312 to the compressor 310, the discharge flow path 322 that guides the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 310 to the first port a of the four-way valve 320, and the four-way valve The condenser-side feed-back flow path 323 that connects the second port b of 320 and the first flow port 314a of the condenser 314, the third port c of the four-way valve 20, and the first flow port 316a of the evaporator 316 are connected. The evaporator-side return flow path 324, the return path 325 connecting the fourth port d of the four-way valve 320 and the return port 312 a of the gas-liquid separator 312, the second flow port 314 b of the condenser 314 and the expansion valve 318. And a flow path 327 that connects the expansion valve 318 and the second flow port 316b of the evaporator 316 are provided.

  In the refrigeration cycle 300 having such a configuration, when the cooling operation mode is selected, the four-way valve 20 is connected to the discharge flow path 322 and the condenser-side feed-back flow path 323 as shown in FIG. And the evaporator-side return flow path 324 and the return flow path 325 are switched to each other. At this time, as indicated by a solid arrow in FIG. 11, the refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 312 is sucked into the compressor 310 via the suction flow path 321 and is heated and discharged from the discharge port 310a of the compressor 310. The refrigerant is guided to the condenser 314 through the discharge flow path 322, the four-way valve 320, and the condenser side return flow path 323, and is condensed by exchanging heat with outdoor air in the condenser 314, And introduced into the expansion valve 318 via the flow path 326. The expansion valve 318 decompresses the high-pressure refrigerant, and the decompressed low-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the evaporator 316 via the flow path 327, where it evaporates by exchanging heat (cooling) with room air. From 316, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is returned to the gas-liquid separator 312 via the evaporator-side return flow path 324, the four-way valve 320, and the return flow path 325.

  On the other hand, when the heating operation mode is selected, the four-way valve 320 causes the discharge passage 322 and the evaporator-side return passage 324 to communicate with each other as shown in FIG. The state is switched to a state where the return flow path 323 and the return flow path 325 are communicated. At this time, as indicated by broken line arrows in FIG. 11, the refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 312 is sucked into the compressor 310 via the suction flow path 321, and at a high temperature and high pressure from the discharge port 310 a of the compressor 310. The refrigerant is guided to the evaporator 316 via the discharge flow path 322, the four-way valve 320, and the evaporator-side return flow path 324, and is evaporated by exchanging heat with room air (heating) in the evaporator 316. It becomes a phase refrigerant and is introduced into the expansion valve 318 through the flow path 327. The expansion valve 318 decompresses the high-pressure refrigerant, and the decompressed low-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the condenser 314 via the flow path 326, where it is condensed by exchanging heat with outdoor air. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is returned to the gas-liquid separator 312 via the condenser-side return flow path 323, the four-way valve 320, and the return flow path 325.

  As the four-way valve, as described in Patent Document 2 below, a combination of two three-way valves has been proposed or put into practical use.

  In the four-way valve used in the conventional refrigeration cycle as described above, as shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant and the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant are close to each other in the four-way valve 320. Therefore, there is a problem in that the amount of heat conduction (heat transfer amount) from the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant increases, and heat loss that cannot be ignored occurs.

  As one measure for solving such a problem, it is conceivable to incorporate a heat insulating means into the four-way valve, as can be seen, for example, in Patent Document 3 below.

JP 2003-139430 A JP 2004-92802 A JP 2004-92734 A

  However, when a heat insulating means is incorporated in the four-way valve, there are problems such as an increase in the number of parts and a complicated configuration, and an increase in processing and assembly costs.

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above. The object of the present invention is to effectively reduce the amount of heat transfer from a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant. It is an object of the present invention to provide a four-way valve that can achieve reduction at a low cost.

  In order to achieve the above object, the four-way valve according to the present invention is basically used for a refrigeration cycle or the like, and includes a first inlet / outlet and a second inlet / outlet that are used for derivation of high-pressure refrigerant and introduction of low-pressure refrigerant. An outlet, a high-pressure refrigerant inlet for introducing a high-pressure refrigerant, and an electromagnetic valve are provided, and the high-pressure refrigerant from the high-pressure refrigerant inlet is supplied to the first inlet / outlet and the second inlet / outlet according to opening / closing of the electromagnetic valve A main valve main body provided with a main switching valve that leads to either of the above, a low-pressure refrigerant outlet for leading out low-pressure refrigerant, and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet according to the operating state of the main switching valve; A slave valve main body provided with a slave switching valve for communicating with either the first inlet / outlet or the second inlet / outlet.

  The first inlet and the second inlet / outlet are respectively provided in intermediate portions of the first passage and the second passage for guiding the high-pressure refrigerant from the main switching valve to the slave switching valve, and the first passage and the second passage. Of the passage, a portion between the main switching valve and the first inlet / outlet forming portion and the second inlet / outlet forming portion forming the first inlet / outlet and the second inlet / outlet, and the first inlet / outlet forming A part or all of a portion between the first and second inlet / outlet forming portions and the slave switching valve is configured by a pipe or a tubular portion, the main valve main body portion, the slave valve main body portion, The first entry / exit formation part and the second entry / exit formation part are separated from each other via the pipe or the tubular part.

  Preferred embodiments are listed below.

  The first entry / exit formation part and the second entry / exit formation part are separated.

  The main valve main body part and the slave valve main body part are separated from each other, and they are connected by the pipe or the tubular part with the first inlet / outlet forming part and the second inlet / outlet forming part interposed therebetween.

  The high-pressure refrigerant guided to the slave valve main body is allowed to stay stationary there, and the low-pressure refrigerant guided to the main valve main body is allowed to remain stationary there.

  The main switching valve has a high-pressure refrigerant inlet, and a first outlet and a second outlet through which the refrigerant from the high-pressure refrigerant inlet is selectively guided through the first main valve or the second main valve. The first main valve is provided between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the first outlet, and the second main valve is provided between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the second outlet, An electromagnetic valve for reducing the differential pressure between the back pressure acting on the one main valve and the pressure on the first outlet side is provided, and when the differential pressure is reduced, the first main valve is opened. At the same time, the second main valve is closed, or the first main valve is closed and the second main valve is opened.

  The first main valve is provided with a first slide valve body having a valve body portion, and a valve seat that contacts and separates the valve body portion so as to cut off and communicate between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the first outlet. The first valve chamber, the first back pressure chamber provided on the opposite side of the first slide valve body from the first valve chamber, and the slide valve body in a direction in which the valve body portion is closed or opened. A biasing member that biases the second main valve, a second slide valve body having a main valve body part and a sub-valve body part, and between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the second outlet. A second valve chamber provided with a main valve seat that contacts and separates the main valve body portion, and a second back pressure chamber provided with a sub valve seat that contacts and separates the sub valve body portion; A biasing member that biases the second slide valve body in a direction in which the main valve body portion is closed and the sub-valve body portion is opened; and the first back pressure chamber in the first main valve; A pilot passage communicating with the downstream portion from the valve seat is provided, the pilot passage is opened and closed by the electromagnetic valve, and the pressure in the downstream portion from the valve seat is adjusted to the sub-portion of the second slide valve body. It is made to act on a valve body part.

  The first main valve is provided with a first slide valve body having a valve body portion, and a valve seat that contacts and separates the valve body portion so as to cut off and communicate between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the first outlet. The first valve chamber, the first back pressure chamber provided on the opposite side of the first slide valve body from the first valve chamber, and the slide valve body in the direction in which the valve body portion is closed. An urging member for energizing, wherein the second main valve blocks a second slide valve body having a main valve body portion and a sub-valve body portion, and the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the second outlet. A second valve chamber provided with a main valve seat for contacting and separating the main valve body portion to communicate, a second back pressure chamber provided with a sub valve seat for contacting and separating the sub valve body portion; An urging member that urges the second slide valve body in a direction in which the valve body portion is closed and the sub-valve body portion is opened, and the first slide valve body includes the first back pressure chamber. The valve A pilot passage communicating with a more downstream portion is provided, and the pilot passage is opened and closed by the electromagnetic valve, and the pressure of the downstream portion from the valve seat is reduced by the sub-valve body portion of the second slide valve body It is made to act on. In this case, preferably, the first main valve, the second main valve, and the electromagnetic valve are arranged on the same axis.

  The secondary switching valve includes a first inlet and a second inlet through which refrigerant is introduced, a low-pressure refrigerant outlet for selectively deriving low-pressure refrigerant from the first inlet and the second inlet, the first inlet, A first check valve provided between the low-pressure refrigerant outlet and a second check valve provided between the second inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet. When the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet is higher than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet, the two check valve allows the second inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet to communicate with each other, and the first inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet When the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet is lower than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet, the first inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet are communicated, and the second inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant The connection with the outlet is cut off.

  The first check valve of the slave switching valve includes a first valve hole communicating with the first inlet, a first valve body slidably inserted into the first valve hole, and the first valve body A first valve seat for contacting and separating, and a first valve chamber communicating with the low-pressure refrigerant outlet, the second check valve having a second valve hole communicating with the second inlet; A second valve chamber that is slidably fitted into the second valve hole, a second valve seat that contacts and separates from the second valve body, and that communicates with the low-pressure refrigerant outlet port. And having. In this case, it is preferable that the first check valve and the second check valve are disposed on the same axis line so that their tip portions are in contact with each other and mechanically interlock with each other.

  In addition, a gap for guiding the low-pressure refrigerant to the low-pressure refrigerant outlet is formed between the first valve body and the first valve hole and between the second valve body and the second valve hole in the slave switching valve. The

  When the solenoid valve is either open or closed, high-pressure refrigerant is led out from the first inlet / outlet, led to the first inlet of the slave switching valve, and retained there, and When the low-pressure refrigerant is led out from the second inlet / outlet through the second inlet of the slave switching valve and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet, and the electromagnetic valve is either open or closed, the high-pressure refrigerant is 2 is led to the outside from the inlet / outlet and is led to the second inlet of the slave switching valve and is retained therein, and the low-pressure refrigerant flows from the first inlet / outlet to the first inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant of the slave switching valve. It is configured to be led to the outside through the lead-out port.

  In the four-way valve according to the present invention, the first inlet and the second inlet and outlet are respectively provided in intermediate portions of the first passage and the second passage for guiding the high-pressure refrigerant from the main switching valve to the slave switching valve. Of the first passage and the second passage, a portion between the main switching valve and the first inlet / outlet forming portion and the second inlet / outlet forming portion forming the first inlet / outlet and the second inlet / outlet, and Since part or all of the portion between the first inlet / outlet forming portion and the second inlet / outlet forming portion and the slave switching valve is constituted by a pipe or a tubular portion, the main valve main body portion and the slave valve The heat transfer area between the main body part and between them and the first inlet / outlet forming part and the second inlet / outlet forming part is reduced, and further, the main valve main body part, the slave valve main body part, and the first Since the 1 entry / exit formation part and the 2nd entry / exit formation part are separated via the pipe or the tubular part, The amount of heat transfer from the refrigerant pressure to a low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant can be significantly reduced compared with the conventional ordinary four-way valve.

  Further, the high-pressure refrigerant guided to the slave valve main body is allowed to stay stationary there, and the low-pressure refrigerant guided to the main valve main body portion is also allowed to remain stationary there. The amount of heat transfer from the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is smaller than that of a conventional normal four-way valve in which both the high-pressure refrigerant and the low-pressure refrigerant are flowing in the valve. For this reason, it is possible to achieve a reduction in heat loss equal to or higher than that in the case where a heat insulating means is incorporated in the four-way valve at a lower cost.

  Furthermore, the main valve main body and the slave valve main body are separated from each other, and in addition, the first inlet / outlet forming portion and the second inlet / outlet forming portion are separated from each other. As a result, the machining and assembly costs can be reduced, and the advantage that the degree of freedom in designing the valve and the degree of freedom in installing the piping can be improved.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the four-way valve of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of a four-way valve according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. BB arrow sectional drawing, FIG. 5: is CC arrow sectional drawing of FIG.

  A four-way valve 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 is used for a refrigeration cycle or the like, and forms a first inlet / outlet 11 and a second inlet / outlet 12 used for derivation of high-pressure refrigerant and introduction of low-pressure refrigerant. A first inlet / outlet forming portion 16 and a second inlet / outlet forming portion 17, a high-pressure refrigerant introduction port 23 (FIG. 3) for introducing a high-pressure refrigerant, and an electromagnetic valve 50 are provided. A main valve main body portion 14 provided with a main switching valve 20 for guiding the high-pressure refrigerant from the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 to either the first inlet / outlet 11 or the second inlet / outlet 12, and for deriving the low-pressure refrigerant A low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 is provided, and a sub-switching valve 120 is provided that communicates the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 with either the first inlet / outlet 11 or the second inlet / outlet 12 according to the operating state of the main switching valve 20. And a slave valve main body portion 15.

  The first inlet / outlet 11 and the second inlet / outlet 12 are respectively provided in the intermediate portions of the first passage 65 and the second passage 66 for guiding the high-pressure refrigerant from the main switching valve 20 to the slave switching valve 120. Of the first passage 65 and the second passage 66, a first inlet / outlet forming portion 16 and a second inlet / outlet forming portion 17 that form the main switching valve 20, the first inlet / outlet 11 and the second inlet / outlet 12, and And a part of the portion between the first inlet / outlet forming portion 16 and the second inlet / outlet forming portion 17 and the slave switching valve 120 are constituted by metal pipes 81, 82, 83, 84. The main valve body 14, the slave valve body 15, and the first inlet / outlet forming part 16 and the second inlet / outlet forming part 17 are separated via the pipes 81, 82, 83, 84.

  The first passage 65 is connected to the inside of the main valve main body 14 (continuous to the first outlet 25), the pipe 81, the first inlet / outlet forming portion 16, the pipe 82, and the subordinate valve main body 15 (continuous to the first inlet 131). ), The second passage 66 is formed in the main valve main body 14 (continuous to the second outlet 26), the pipe 83, the second inlet / outlet forming portion 17, the pipe 84, and the follower main body 15. It is formed in a straight line inside (continuous to the second inlet 132), the first inlet / outlet 11 is provided perpendicular to the first first passage 65, and the second inlet / outlet 12 is perpendicular to the second second passage 66. Is provided.

  Both ends of the pipes 81, 82, 83, 84 are respectively connected to the main valve main body 14, the subordinate valve main body 15, the first inlet / outlet forming portion 16, and the second inlet / outlet forming portion 17, each made of a separate metal block. The main valve main body portion 14 and the slave valve main body portion 15 are connected to the first inlet / outlet forming portion 16 and the pipe 81, 82, 83, 84 by brazing or press-fitting. The second entrance / exit forming part 17 is connected integrally.

  It should be noted that the main valve body 14, the slave valve body 15, the first inlet / outlet forming part 16, and the second inlet / outlet forming part 17 are appropriately provided with bolt holes (female screw parts) 18 for mounting the four-way valve 10. , 18,... Are formed.

  Next, the configuration of the main switching valve 20 provided in the main valve body 14 and the slave switching valve 120 provided in the slave valve body 15 and the operation of the four-way valve 10 will be described in detail.

  The main valve main body 14 is provided with a high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 for introducing a high-pressure refrigerant, a second inlet / outlet 12, and an electromagnetic valve 50, and the high-pressure refrigerant is introduced according to the opening / closing of the electromagnetic valve 50. The high-pressure refrigerant from the port 23 is led to the first inlet / outlet 11 through the first outlet 25 (first passage 65), the first valve hole 125 of the slave switching valve 120, the first inlet 131, or the second The second inlet 12 and the second inlet 132 of the secondary switching valve 120 and the second valve hole 126 are guided through the outlet 26 (second passage 66).

  The main switching valve 20 includes a first main valve 40 with a solenoid valve 50 and a second main valve 30, and has a common valve hole so that they are located on the same axis.

  In the main switching valve 20, the second main valve 30 is provided between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 and the second outlet 26, and the first main valve is between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 and the first outlet 25. 40, an electromagnetic valve 50 for reducing the differential pressure between the back pressure acting on the first main valve 40 and the pressure on the first outlet 25 side is provided, and when the differential pressure is reduced, The second main valve 30 is closed and the first main valve 40 is opened.

  More specifically, the first main valve 40 cuts and communicates between the first slide valve body 42 having the valve body portion 42A and the large diameter portion 42C, and the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 and the first outlet 25. Accordingly, a first valve chamber 44 provided with a valve seat 45 to which the valve body portion 42A contacts and separates, and a first back pressure chamber 47 provided on the opposite side of the first slide valve body 42 from the first valve chamber 44, And a coil spring 48 as a biasing member that biases the slide valve body 42 in a direction in which the valve body portion 42A is closed.

  The second main valve 30 cuts off the second slide valve body 32 having the main valve body portion 32A, the sub valve body portion 32B, and the large diameter portion 32C, and the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 and the second outlet 26. A second valve chamber 34 provided with a main valve seat 35 that contacts and separates the main valve body portion 32A to communicate with, and a second back pressure chamber 37 provided with a sub valve seat 36 that contacts and separates the sub valve body portion 32B. And a coil spring 38 as a biasing member that biases the second slide valve body 32 in a direction in which the main valve body portion 32A is closed and the sub-valve body portion 32B is opened.

  The high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the high-pressure refrigerant introduction port 23 is slid with the communication passage 39 (see FIG. 3), the first valve chamber 44, and the first slide valve body 42 (the large diameter portion 42C). In addition to being introduced into the first back pressure chamber 47 through the wall surface, the second back pressure chamber 37 passes between the second slide valve body 32 (large diameter portion 32C) and its sliding wall surface. Also introduced.

  The first slide valve body 42 of the first main valve 40 has a pilot passage communicating the first back pressure chamber 47 and a downstream portion (on the side of the first outlet 25 and the second main valve 30) from the valve seat 45. (Communication passage) 55 is provided, and the pilot passage 55 is opened and closed by the electromagnetic valve 50, and the pressure downstream of the valve seat 45 is screwed and fixed to the valve hole 21. The sub valve body 32B of the second slide valve body 32 is made to act on the communication passage 33a of the cylindrical valve seat forming member 33. The solenoid valve 50 is a well-known general-purpose product, and when not energized, the valve body 53 is pushed down by the biasing spring 54 to close the pilot passage 55 and energize. The valve body 53 is pulled up toward the suction element 52 so that the pilot passage 55 is opened.

  On the other hand, in addition to the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13, the secondary switching valve 120 is provided with a first inlet 131 (first passage 65) through which refrigerant is introduced and a second inlet 132 (second passage 66). The refrigerant from the first inlet 131 and the second inlet 131 is selectively led to the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13, and is provided between the first inlet 131 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13. 1 check valve 121, and a second check valve 122 provided between the second inlet 132 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13. The first check valve 121 and the second check valve 122 are provided with the first inlet 131. When the refrigerant pressure of the second inlet 132 is higher than the refrigerant pressure of the second inlet 132, the second inlet 132 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 are communicated, and the first inlet 131 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 are blocked. 1 entrance 131 When the medium pressure is lower than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet 132, the first inlet 131 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 are communicated with each other, and the second inlet 132 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 113 are blocked. .

  More specifically, the first check valve 121 includes a first valve hole 125 communicating with the first inlet 131, a first valve body 123 slidably inserted into the first valve hole 125, A first valve seat 127 to which the first valve body 123 contacts and separates is provided, and a valve chamber 130 (common to the second check valve 22) communicating with the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 is provided, and the second check The valve 122 includes a second valve hole 126 communicating with the second inlet 132, a second valve body 124 slidably fitted in the second valve hole 126, and the second valve body 124 contacting and separating. A second valve seat 128 is provided, and a valve chamber 130 (common to the first check valve 121) communicating with the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 is provided.

  In addition, in order to prevent the first valve body 123 and the second valve body 124 from retreating excessively (in order to avoid the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant from acting), the urging members 141 and 142 are pressed against each other. It is supposed to be energized. In addition, lid members 137 and 138 that are also used to prevent the first valve body 123 and the second valve body 124 from coming off are fixed to the end portions of the first valve hole 125 and the second valve hole 126.

  Here, the first check valve 121 and the second check valve 122 are arranged in the same structure and symmetrically on the same axis, and the cylindrical tip portions of the first valve body 123 and the second valve body 124 are opposed to each other. They are touched so that they are mechanically interlocked. In addition, the first valve body 123 and the second valve body 124 are respectively a conical surface valve body portion contacting and separating from the first valve seat 127 and the second valve seat 128, and a square with a rounded corner (non-circular cross section). In order to guide the refrigerant to the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 between the first valve body 123 and the first valve hole 125 and between the second valve body 124 and the second valve hole 126. The gap is formed. In addition, a hole with a circular cross section that opens to the rear surface side is formed in the insertion portion.

  In the slave switching valve 120 configured as described above, when the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet 131 is higher than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet 132, the first valve body 123 moves while pushing the second valve body 124, The valve body portion of the first valve body 123 contacts the first valve seat 127, the valve body portion of the second valve body 124 is separated from the second valve seat 128, the first check valve 121 is closed, The check valve 122 is opened, the first inlet 131 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 are blocked, and the second inlet 132 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 communicate with each other, so that the low-pressure refrigerant at the second inlet 132 is reached. Is led out (intake) from the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 through the valve chamber 130.

  On the other hand, when the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet 131 is lower than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet 132, the second valve body 124 moves while pushing the first valve body 123, and the valve body portion of the second valve body 124 moves to the first level. While contacting the two valve seats 128, the valve body portion of the first valve body 123 is separated from the first valve seat 27, the second check valve 122 is closed, the first check valve 121 is opened, and the second inlet 132 is opened. Between the first inlet 131 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13, and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet of the first inlet 131 passes through the valve chamber 130. 13 is led out (inhaled) to the outside.

  Even in the main switching valve 20 configured as described above, when the refrigeration cycle is not operated, the second main valve 30 is closed by the urging force of the coil spring 38 so that the main valve body 32A is closed. 32B is opened, and the first main valve 40 is closed by the biasing force of the coil spring 48, and the solenoid valve 50 is not energized (non-energized), so that the pilot passage 55 is closed. The

  When the refrigeration cycle is operated and the solenoid valve 50 is not energized (when no power is supplied), high-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 and the pilot passage 55 is closed by the solenoid valve 50. . At this time, the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the high-pressure refrigerant introduction port 23 acts on the large-diameter portion 32C of the second slide valve body 32 of the second main valve 30, whereby the second slide valve body 32 is coiled. The main valve body portion 32A is opened and the sub-valve body portion 32B is closed while the main valve body portion 32A is closed, and the first main valve 40 is less than the internal pressure in the downstream portion from the valve seat 45. Since the internal pressure (back pressure) of the one back pressure chamber 47 becomes higher (the differential pressure becomes larger), the valve body portion 42A of the first slide valve body 42 is closed.

  For this reason, the high-pressure refrigerant is guided from the second outlet 26 to the second inlet / outlet 12 through the second passage 66 (pipe 83) and discharged to the outside, and through the second passage 66 (pipe 84). The second switching valve 120 is also led from the second inlet 132 to the second valve hole 126.

  On the other hand, the low-pressure refrigerant is introduced from the first inlet / outlet 11 into the first valve hole 125 through the first passage 65 (pipe 82) and the first inlet 131, and the first passage 65 (pipe 81) and the first Also introduced into one outlet 25.

  Therefore, the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet 131 becomes lower than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet 132, the second valve body 124 moves while pushing the first valve body 123, and the valve body portion of the second valve body 124 is While contacting the two valve seats 128, the valve body portion of the first valve body 123 is separated from the first valve seat 27, the second check valve 122 is closed, the first check valve 121 is opened, and the second inlet 132 is opened. Between the first inlet 131 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13, and the low-pressure refrigerant introduced into the first inlet 131 passes through the valve chamber 130. The refrigerant is led out (inhaled) from the refrigerant outlet 13. At this time, the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the second valve hole 126 is retained in a stationary state, and the low-pressure refrigerant introduced into the first outlet 25 is also retained in a stationary state.

  On the other hand, when the solenoid valve 50 is energized (when energized), high-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23, and the valve body 53 of the solenoid valve 50 is pulled up to open the pilot passage 55. . As a result, the pressure in the downstream portion of the first main valve 40 from the valve seat 45 increases, and the differential pressure with respect to the first back pressure chamber 47 decreases, and the increased pressure in the downstream portion 41a from the valve seat 45 increases the valve pressure. Since it acts on the sub-valve element 32B of the second slide valve element 32 via the communication passage 33a of the seat forming member 33, the second slide valve element 32 of the second main valve 30 moves to move the main valve element 32A. Is closed, and the sub-valve part 32B is opened, whereby the high-pressure refrigerant is guided from the high-pressure refrigerant inlet 23 to the first valve chamber 44 of the first main valve 40 through the communication passage 39, It acts on the large-diameter portion 42C of the first slide valve body 42, whereby the first slide valve body 42 moves against the urging force of the coil spring 48, and the valve body portion 42A is opened. For this reason, the high-pressure refrigerant is discharged from the first outlet 25 through the first passage 65 (pipe 81) to the outside from the first inlet / outlet 11, and the first passage 65 (pipe 81, first inlet / outlet forming portion). 16, the pipe 82) is introduced from the first inlet 131 of the slave switching valve 120 into the first valve hole 125, where it is retained in a stationary state.

  On the other hand, the low-pressure refrigerant is introduced into the second valve hole 126 from the second inlet / outlet 12 through the second passage 66 (pipe 84) and the second inlet 132, and through the second passage 66 (pipe 83). Then, it is also introduced into the second outlet 26, where it is retained in a stationary state.

  Therefore, the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet 132 becomes lower than the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet 131, the first valve body 123 moves while pushing the second valve body 124, and the valve body portion of the first valve body 123 is The valve body portion of the second valve body 124 is separated from the 21st valve seat 28, the first check valve 121 is closed, the second check valve 122 is opened, and the second inlet 132 is in contact with the first valve seat 127. And the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 communicate with each other, the first inlet 131 and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet 13 are blocked, and the low-pressure refrigerant introduced into the second inlet 132 is introduced into the low-pressure refrigerant through the valve chamber 130. It is led out (inhaled) from the outlet 13 to the outside.

  The four-way valve 10 of the present embodiment configured as described above has a first inlet / outlet 11 at an intermediate portion between the first passage 65 and the second passage 66 that guides the high-pressure refrigerant from the main switching valve 20 to the sub switching valve 120, respectively. And the first inlet / outlet forming portion 16 that forms the main switching valve 20, the first inlet / outlet 11, and the second inlet / outlet 12, of the first passage 65 and the second passage 66. Part of the portion between the second inlet / outlet forming portion 16 and the portion between the first inlet / outlet forming portion 16 and the second inlet / outlet forming portion 17 and the slave switching valve 120 are pipes 81, 82, 83, 84, the heat transfer area between the main valve body 14 and the follower valve body 15 and between the first inlet / outlet forming part 16 and the second inlet / outlet forming part 17 is small. Furthermore, the main valve main body part 14, the follower valve main body part 15, the first inlet / outlet forming part 16 and 2 Since the inlet / outlet forming portion 17 is separated via the pipes 81, 82, 83, 84, the heat transfer amount from the high-temperature / high-pressure refrigerant to the low-temperature / low-pressure refrigerant is significantly higher than that of the conventional normal four-way valve. Can be made smaller.

  Further, the high-pressure refrigerant guided to the sub-valve main body portion 15 is allowed to remain stationary therein, and the low-pressure refrigerant guided to the main valve main body portion 14 is also allowed to remain stationary therein. Therefore, the amount of heat transfer from the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant becomes smaller than that of a conventional normal four-way valve in which both the high-pressure refrigerant and the low-pressure refrigerant are flowing in the valve. For this reason, it is possible to achieve a reduction in heat loss equal to or higher than that in the case where a heat insulating means is incorporated in the four-way valve at a lower cost.

  Furthermore, the main valve main body 14 and the slave valve main body 15 are separated, and in addition, the first inlet / outlet forming portion 16 and the second inlet / outlet forming portion 17 are also separated, thereby integrating them. Compared to the case, the machining and assembly costs can be reduced, and the advantage that the degree of freedom in designing the valve and the degree of freedom in installing the piping can be improved.

  6 is a plan view of another embodiment of a four-way valve according to the present invention, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE in FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line FF in FIG. 6, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line GG in FIG.

  The four-way valve 10 'of the present embodiment is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, except that the main valve body 14, the follower valve body 15, the first inlet / outlet forming part 16 and the second inlet / outlet forming part 17 are different. Since the operation and function as the four-way valve are substantially the same, the same components or the same function parts as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and their duplicate description is omitted, and only the differences will be described below. explain.

  The four-way valve 10 ′ shown in FIGS. 6 to 10 has a first inlet / outlet forming portion 16 and a second inlet / outlet forming portion 17 disposed on the rear side of the main valve main body portion 14, and a follower main body on one side thereof. The portion 15 is arranged, and the first inlet / outlet forming portion 16 ′ and the second inlet / outlet forming portion 17 ′ are respectively replaced with the pipes 81, 82, 83, 84 by tubular portions 85, 86. , 87, 88 are integrally formed.

  More specifically, of the first passage 65 and the second passage 66, the first inlet / outlet forming portion 16 ′ and the second inlet that form the main switching valve 20, the first inlet / outlet 11, and the second inlet / outlet 12. A portion between the outlet forming portion 17 ′ and a portion between the first inlet / outlet forming portion 16 ′ and the second inlet / outlet forming portion 17 ′ and the secondary switching valve 120 are the first inlet / outlet forming portion. 16 'and the 2nd inlet-and-outlet formation part 17' are comprised by the tubular cylindrical parts 85, 86, 87, and 88, and are comprised by the main valve main-body part 14, the follower-valve main-body part 15, and the 1st entrance / exit. The forming portion 16 ′ and the second inlet / outlet forming portion 17 ′ are separated from each other via the tubular portions 85, 86, 87, 88.

  The first passage 65 is provided inside the main valve main body 14 (continuous to the first outlet 25), the tubular tubular portion 85, the first inlet / outlet forming portion 16 ′, the tubular tubular portion 86, and the follower valve main body 15 inside. The second passage 66 is formed in an angle shape (continuous to the first inlet 131), and the second passage 66 is inside the main valve body 14 (continuous to the second outlet 26), a tubular portion 87, and a second inlet / outlet forming portion 17. ', Formed in an angle shape inside the tubular portion 88 and the follower valve body portion 15 (continuous to the second inlet 132), and the first inlet / outlet 11 is provided perpendicularly to the first first passage 65, A second inlet / outlet 12 is provided perpendicularly to the second second passage 66.

  The distal end portions of the tubular portions 85, 86, 87, 88 are hermetically connected and fixed to the main valve body portion 14 and the follower valve body portion 15 by brazing, press fitting, or the like. 1, 85, 86, 87, 88, and as shown in FIG. 1, the auxiliary bolt 90 screwed to bridge the main valve body 14 from the follower valve body 15 side and a loose outer fit to the auxiliary bolt 90 The main valve body 14 and the follower valve body 15 are integrally connected to each other by the collar 92 formed. In this case, a recessed portion 15 a is formed in the follower valve body 15 so that a predetermined gap S is formed between the collar 92 fitted on the auxiliary bolt 90 and the follower body 15. By doing so, the rigidity and vibration resistance of the four-way valve 10 'are improved.

The longitudinal section showing one embodiment of the four-way valve concerning the present invention. The top view of the four-way valve shown by FIG. AA arrow sectional drawing of FIG. BB arrow sectional view of FIG. CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment of the four-way valve which concerns on this invention. DD sectional view taken on the line of FIG. EE arrow sectional drawing of FIG. FF arrow sectional drawing of FIG. GG arrow sectional drawing of FIG. The figure which shows an example of the refrigerating cycle in which the conventional four-way valve was used. The figure which is provided for description of the heat loss in the conventional four-way valve shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10, 10 '... Four-way valve 11 ... 1st inlet / outlet 12 ... 2nd inlet / outlet 13 ... Low pressure refrigerant | coolant outlet 14 ... Main valve main-body part 15 ... Subordinate valve main-body part 16, 16' ... 1st inlet / outlet formation part 17, 17 '... 2nd inlet-outlet formation part 20 ... Main switching valve 23 ... High pressure refrigerant inlet 25 ... 1st outlet 26 ... 2nd outlet 30 ... 2nd main valve 32 ... 2nd slide valve body 32A ... Main valve body part 32B ... Sub valve body 37 ... Second back pressure chamber 40 ... First main valve 42 ... First slide valve body 42A ... Valve body portion 47 ... First back pressure chamber 50 ... Electromagnetic valve 55 ... Pilot passage 65 ... First passage 66 ... second passages 81, 82, 83, 84 ... pipes 85, 86, 87, 88 ... tubular part 120 ... secondary switching valve 121 ... first check valve 122 ... second check valve 123 ... first valve body 124 ... Second valve body 125 ... First valve hole 126 ... Second valve hole 127 ... First valve seat 128 ... Second valve seat 131 ... First inlet 32 ... the second inlet

Claims (13)

  A four-way valve used in a refrigeration cycle, etc., which is provided with a first inlet / outlet and a second inlet / outlet used for derivation of high-pressure refrigerant and introduction of low-pressure refrigerant, a high-pressure refrigerant inlet for introducing high-pressure refrigerant, and electromagnetic A main valve main body provided with a main switching valve provided with a valve for guiding the high-pressure refrigerant from the high-pressure refrigerant inlet to either the first inlet / outlet or the second inlet / outlet according to opening / closing of the electromagnetic valve; A low-pressure refrigerant outlet for deriving a low-pressure refrigerant, and communicating the low-pressure refrigerant outlet with either the first inlet / outlet or the second inlet / outlet according to the operating state of the main switching valve. A slave valve main body provided with a switching valve, and a first passage and a second passage at intermediate portions of a first passage and a second passage for guiding the high-pressure refrigerant from the main switching valve to the slave switching valve, respectively. An entrance / exit is provided, and the first passage and the second passage, A portion between the switching valve and the first inlet / outlet forming portion and the second inlet / outlet forming portion forming the first inlet / outlet and the second inlet / outlet, and the first inlet / outlet forming portion and the second inlet / outlet forming portion. A part or all of the portion between the part and the slave switching valve is constituted by a pipe or a tubular part, and the main valve body part, the slave valve body part, the first inlet / outlet forming part, and The four-way valve, wherein the second inlet / outlet forming part is separated from the pipe or tubular part.   The four-way valve according to claim 1, wherein the first inlet / outlet forming portion and the second inlet / outlet forming portion are separated.   The main valve main body part and the slave valve main body part are separated from each other, and they are connected by the pipe or tube-shaped part across the first inlet / outlet forming part and the second inlet / outlet forming part. The four-way valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein   The high-pressure refrigerant guided to the slave valve main body is allowed to stay stationary there, and the low-pressure refrigerant guided to the main valve main body portion is allowed to remain stationary there. The switching valve according to claim 1.   The main switching valve has a high-pressure refrigerant inlet, and a first outlet and a second outlet through which the refrigerant from the high-pressure refrigerant inlet is selectively guided through the first main valve or the second main valve. The first main valve is provided between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the first outlet, and the second main valve is provided between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the second outlet, An electromagnetic valve for reducing the differential pressure between the back pressure acting on the one main valve and the pressure on the first outlet side is provided, and when the differential pressure is reduced, the first main valve is opened. The four-way valve according to claim 1, wherein the second main valve is closed, or the first main valve is closed and the second main valve is opened. The first main valve is provided with a first slide valve body having a valve body portion, and a valve seat that contacts and separates the valve body portion so as to cut off and communicate between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the first outlet. The first valve chamber, the first back pressure chamber provided on the opposite side of the first slide valve body from the first valve chamber, and the slide valve body in a direction in which the valve body portion is closed or opened. A biasing member that biases
The second main valve is connected to the second slide valve body having a main valve body portion and a sub-valve body portion, and the main valve body portion is connected so as to cut off and communicate between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the second outlet. A second valve chamber provided with a main valve seat to be separated, a second back pressure chamber provided with a sub valve seat to which the sub valve body portion comes into contact with and separated from, and the main valve body portion is closed; An urging member that urges the second slide valve body in a direction in which the portion is opened,
A pilot passage that communicates the first back pressure chamber of the first main valve with a portion downstream from the valve seat is provided, the pilot passage is opened and closed by the electromagnetic valve, and from the valve seat The switching valve according to claim 5, wherein the pressure in the downstream portion is applied to the sub-valve part of the second slide valve body. The first main valve is provided with a first slide valve body having a valve body portion, and a valve seat that contacts and separates the valve body portion so as to cut off and communicate between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the first outlet. The first valve chamber, the first back pressure chamber provided on the opposite side of the first slide valve body from the first valve chamber, and the slide valve body in the direction in which the valve body portion is closed. An urging member for energizing,
The second main valve is connected to the second slide valve body having a main valve body portion and a sub-valve body portion, and the main valve body portion is connected so as to cut off and communicate between the high-pressure refrigerant inlet and the second outlet. A second valve chamber provided with a main valve seat to be separated, a second back pressure chamber provided with a sub valve seat to which the sub valve body portion comes into contact with and separated from, and the main valve body portion is closed; An urging member that urges the second slide valve body in a direction in which the portion is opened,
The first slide valve body is provided with a pilot passage that communicates the first back pressure chamber and a portion downstream from the valve seat, and the pilot passage is opened and closed by the electromagnetic valve, and the valve 6. The switching valve according to claim 5, wherein the pressure in the downstream portion from the seat is applied to the sub-valve element of the second slide valve element.   The switching valve according to claim 7, wherein the first main valve, the second main valve, and the electromagnetic valve are disposed on the same axis.   The secondary switching valve includes a first inlet and a second inlet through which refrigerant is introduced, a low-pressure refrigerant outlet for selectively deriving low-pressure refrigerant from the first inlet and the second inlet, the first inlet, A first check valve provided between the low-pressure refrigerant outlet and a second check valve provided between the second inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet. When the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet is higher than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet, the two check valve communicates the second inlet with the low-pressure refrigerant outlet, and the first inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet. When the refrigerant pressure at the first inlet is lower than the refrigerant pressure at the second inlet, the first inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant outlet are communicated, and the second inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant It should be designed to block the outlet. Four-way valve according to claim 1, wherein the.   The first check valve includes a first valve hole that communicates with the first inlet, a first valve body that is slidably inserted into the first valve hole, and a first valve body that contacts and separates. A first valve chamber that communicates with the low-pressure refrigerant outlet, and the second check valve has a second valve hole that communicates with the second inlet, and the second valve A second valve body that is slidably inserted into the hole, a second valve seat that contacts and separates the second valve body, and a second valve chamber that communicates with the low-pressure refrigerant outlet. The four-way valve according to claim 9, wherein the four-way valve is provided.   11. The first check valve and the second check valve are arranged on the same axis line so that their tip portions are in contact with each other, and are mechanically interlocked with each other. Four-way valve.   A gap for guiding the low-pressure refrigerant to the low-pressure refrigerant outlet is formed between the first valve body and the first valve hole and between the second valve body and the second valve hole in the slave switching valve. The four-way valve according to claim 10.   When the solenoid valve is either open or closed, high-pressure refrigerant is led out from the first inlet / outlet, led to the first inlet of the slave switching valve, and retained there, and When the low pressure refrigerant is led out from the second inlet / outlet through the second inlet of the slave switching valve and the low pressure refrigerant outlet, and the electromagnetic valve is either open or closed, the high pressure refrigerant is 2 is led to the outside from the inlet / outlet, is led to the second inlet of the slave switching valve and is retained therein, and the low-pressure refrigerant flows from the first inlet / outlet to the first inlet and the low-pressure refrigerant of the slave switching valve. The four-way valve according to claim 1, wherein the four-way valve is configured to be led out through a lead-out port.

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