JP2002372160A - Four way selector valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a four way selector valve superior in assembly and sealability. SOLUTION: A passage from a port (a) introducing high pressure refrigerant to ports b and c is opened and closed by ball valve elements 9 and 9a and valve seats 6 and 6a, a passage from the ports b and c to a port d is opened and closed by ball valve elements 14 and 14a and cylindrical valve seats 16 and 16a, and they are driven by pistons 17 and 17a. A part of high pressure fluid introduced by the port (a) is selectively introduced by a first solenoid valve 4 and a second solenoid valve 5. By separating each valve, assembly of incorporating the valves is improved, and since mutual misalignment of the valves can be tolerated, sealability is improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a four-way switching valve, and more particularly to a four-way switching valve for switching a refrigerant line when a cooling / heating mode is switched in a heat pump type cooling / heating system of an automobile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a cooling and heating system for an automobile, a refrigeration cycle is used in a cooling operation, and cooling water of an engine is used as a heat source in a heating operation. However, in this heating heat source, the temperature of the cooling water has not been increased due to the improvement in the combustion efficiency of the engine in recent years, and it has become impossible to obtain a sufficient heating temperature in winter. Therefore, there is an increasing need for a system capable of heating together with cooling. In such a cooling and heating system, it is necessary to reverse the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger between the cooling operation and the heating operation, but the refrigerant flow is switched in four directions. It is a switching valve.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a cooling and heating system using a four-way switching valve. The cooling and heating system includes a compressor 101, a four-way switching valve 102, and an outdoor heat exchanger 103.
, A decompression device 104, an indoor heat exchanger 105, and an accumulator 106. Four-way switching valve 1
02 has four ports a to d. Port a of the four-way switching valve 102 is connected to the discharge side of the compressor 101, port b is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 103, port c is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 105, and port d is
It is connected to an accumulator 106.

[0004] During the cooling operation, the four-way switching valve 102 is switched so that port a and port b communicate with each other and port c and port d communicate with each other, as shown by the solid line.
Therefore, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 101 enters the port a of the four-way switching valve 102 and is sent from the port b to the outdoor heat exchanger 103, where the refrigerant is heat-exchanged and condensed. , And is adiabatically expanded by the decompression device 104 to become low temperature and low pressure. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant exchanges heat with warm air in the room in the indoor heat exchanger 105 and evaporates. The refrigerant enters the accumulator 106 through the ports c and d of the four-way switching valve 102, where the gas-liquid separation The refrigerant thus returned returns to the compressor 101.

On the other hand, during the heating operation, the four-way switching valve 10
2 is switched so that port a and port c communicate with each other and port b and port d communicate with each other as shown by the broken line. Therefore, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 101 enters the indoor heat exchanger 105 through the port a and the port c of the four-way switching valve 102, where the heat is exchanged and the indoor cold air is removed. Heat. The refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 105 is adiabatically expanded in the decompression device 104 to become low temperature and low pressure.
Is evaporated by the heat exchange in, and enters the accumulator 106 through the port b and the port d of the four-way switching valve 102, where the gas-liquid separated refrigerant returns to the compressor 101.

As described above, the four-way switching valve 102 can switch the operation mode of the cooling and heating system by switching the refrigerant flow path. Four-way switching valve 10
No. 2 is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-3562 by the present applicant.
A four-way switching valve described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 73 is known. In the four-way switching valve described in this publication, first and second cylindrical valves are arranged in the axial direction, and attached to both ends thereof by first and second valve seats and first and second compression coil springs. The biased first and second valve bodies are arranged, and the first and second pressure regulating chambers are arranged between the flange portion and the first and second partition walls. When the pilot operated valve switches and introduces the high-pressure fluid at port a to the first or second pressure regulating chamber, port a communicates with port b and port c communicates with port d; Communicates with the port c, and can be switched to a state where the port b communicates with the port d.

[0007]

However, in the conventional four-way switching valve, two sets of cylindrical valves, valve bodies, compression coil springs, pressure regulating chambers and the like are arranged in the axial direction. Must be concentrically arranged in the body, but it is difficult to strictly concentrically incorporate and arrange them, especially in a system using a refrigerant that applies a high differential pressure as high as 10 MPa between the entrance and exit. When applied, there is a problem that refrigerant leakage due to misalignment increases.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has as its object to provide a four-way switching valve having excellent assembling and sealing properties.

[0009]

According to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a fluid introduced into a first port is led out to a second port, and a fluid introduced into a third port is sent to a fourth port.
A first state derived from the first port, and a fluid introduced into the first port being derived to the third port,
A four-way switching valve that switches between a second state in which the fluid introduced into the fourth port is guided to the fourth port, and a normally closed valve that opens and closes a passage between the first port and the second port. A first valve, a normally open second valve that opens and closes a passage between the second port and the fourth port, and a coaxial line with the first valve and the second valve. A first piston disposed to close the second valve and drive the first valve to open, and a pressure regulating chamber having the first port and one end closed by the first piston. A first solenoid valve for opening and closing a communicating passage, and a normally-closed third opening and closing a passage between the first port and the third port;
A normally open fourth valve that opens and closes a passage between the third port and the fourth port, and is disposed on the same axis as the third valve and the fourth valve. A second piston that drives the fourth valve to close and opens the third valve, and a passage that communicates the first port with a pressure regulating chamber one end of which is closed by the second piston. And a second solenoid valve that opens and closes the four-way switching valve.

According to such a four-way switching valve, the first and third valves for opening and closing the passage from the first port to which the high-pressure fluid is introduced to the second port or the third port are provided. , A second valve and a fourth valve for opening and closing the passage from the second port or the third port to the fourth port are separated and independent, and the first valve, the second valve and the third valve are separated. And the fourth valve are driven by the first piston and the second piston, respectively, and the pressure of the high-pressure fluid introduced into the pressure adjustment chamber of the first piston and the second piston through the first port is increased. A part is selectively introduced by the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve. Thereby, by separating each valve, the assemblability at the time of assembling the valves is improved, and the misalignment between the valves can be allowed, so that the sealing performance is also improved.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, taking as an example a case where the present invention is applied to a vehicle air conditioning system.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first switching state of a four-way switching valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a four-way switching according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second switching state of the valve, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIGS. 1 and 2 as viewed from the side.

[0013] The four-way switching valve according to the first embodiment includes:
A first valve portion 2 and a second valve portion 3 arranged in parallel in one body 1, and a first solenoid valve provided in each of the first valve portion 2 and the second valve portion 3 and acting as a pilot valve 4 and a second solenoid valve 5. Here, in FIG. 1, the first solenoid valve 4 is in an energized state, and the second solenoid valve 5
Indicates a non-energized state, and in FIG. 2, the first solenoid valve 4 indicates a non-energized state, and the second solenoid valve 5 indicates an energized state. Body 1
Has a port a for introducing a high-pressure refrigerant, a port b for piping to an outdoor heat exchanger, a port c for piping to an indoor heat exchanger, and a port d for leading low-pressure refrigerant to an accumulator.
And

In the first valve section 2, ports a and b
The valve seat 6 is arranged in the middle of the refrigerant flow path between the valve seat 6 and the valve seat 6. On the upstream side of the valve seat 6, a cylindrical guide 7 is integrally formed. The guide 7 has a communication hole 8 for communicating the port a with the valve hole. A ball valve 9 is disposed in the guide 7, and the ball valve 9 is urged by a spring 10 in a valve closing direction. A guide 11 is press-fitted below the valve seat 6, and a holder 12 is inserted into the guide 11 so as to be slidable in the axial direction. Although not shown, the holder 12 has several passages formed on its outer periphery. Also, holder 1
2 is restricted from moving downward by a stopper 13 formed on the guide 11. The holder 12 is formed integrally with a shaft whose tip is in contact with the ball valve element 9 at the upper central part, and holds the ball valve element 14 at the lower part.
Further, it is urged by a spring 15 in a direction away from the valve seat 6.

A cylindrical valve seat 16 is disposed below the ball valve body 14 so as to penetrate the guide 11 and to be slidable in the axial direction.
A piston 17 is provided below the cylindrical valve seat 16.
Are formed integrally and urged by a spring 18 in a direction away from the ball valve body 14. The cylindrical valve seat 16 has a communication hole 1 communicating with an upper space of the piston 17.
The upper space of the piston 17 communicates with a port d for discharging the low-pressure refrigerant. Also, piston 1
Reference numeral 7 denotes an upper portion which is formed to have a predetermined clearance between itself and a cylinder accommodating the same, and through which a high-pressure refrigerant introduced into a lower space, which is a pressure regulating chamber of the piston 17, passes through a low-pressure port d. It is made to leak a little into the space. A groove is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the piston 17, and a packing 20 is fitted therein.

The upper part of the first valve portion 2 is closed by a cap 21 and fixed by a C-ring 22. A case 23 is press-fitted in a lower portion of the first valve portion 2. The case 23 has an annular refrigerant introduction groove 2 at the center in the axial direction.
4 is formed, and the coolant introduction groove 24 is communicated through a passage 26 to a space 25 recessed in the center of the lower part. In the case 23, a passage 27 is formed at a central axis position, and a ball valve seat 28 having a valve hole formed in the axial direction is fixed to a lower end portion thereof by caulking. The coolant introduction groove 24 of the case 23 is connected to a port a for introducing high-pressure coolant through coolant passages 29 and 30 formed in the body 1 as shown in FIG.

The first solenoid valve 4 has a sleeve 31 whose upper end face is welded to the lower part of the case 23. Above the sleeve 31, a plunger 32 as a movable iron core is inserted and arranged so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction. The plunger 32 has a cylindrical shape in which an opening is formed at the center axis position, and the upper end surface of the plunger 32
A valve body that opens and closes the refrigerant flow path by operating toward and away from the valve 8. The plunger 32 has a plurality of communicating grooves 33 formed in the outer peripheral portion thereof extending in the axial direction. It has a structure. Below the sleeve 31, a core 34 as a fixed iron core is screwed. The core 34 and the ball valve seat 28
A shaft 35 is disposed between the shaft 35 and the opening through the opening of the plunger 32. The tip of the shaft 35 on the ball valve seat 28 side is reduced in diameter, and the plunger 32
While forming an annular space between the opening and the end surface, a single groove passing through the center is formed on the end face,
The groove communicates with the valve hole of the ball valve seat 28 through the groove. Between the plunger 32 and the core 34, a spring 36 for urging the plunger 32, which is a valve body, to be seated on the ball valve seat 28 is disposed. An electromagnetic coil 37 is arranged on the outer periphery of the sleeve 31, and the outside thereof is surrounded by a yoke 38. Yoke 38
The upper end of the flange 39 constitutes a part of a magnetic circuit of the first solenoid valve 4 and has a flange 39 for attaching to the body 1.
And the lower end is closed by a lid 40.
Further, a wiring 41 for supplying a control current from the outside is connected to the electromagnetic coil 37.

The second valve portion 3 and the second solenoid valve 5 have the same structure as the first valve portion 2 and the first solenoid valve 4, respectively. Therefore, the description of the details of the second valve portion 3 and the second solenoid valve 5 is omitted, but in the following description of the operation, in order to distinguish them from the components of the first valve portion 2 and the first solenoid valve 4, Corresponding components have the same reference numerals with the suffix a.

Next, the operation of the four-way switching valve having the above configuration will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 1, a case where the first solenoid valve 4 is in the energized state and the second solenoid valve 5 is in the non-energized state will be described.

When the first solenoid valve 4 is energized, the plunger 32 is attracted to the core 34 against the urging force of the spring 36. As a result, the plunger 32 moves in a direction away from the ball valve seat 28, and the annular space between the reduced diameter portion at the tip of the shaft 35 and the opening of the plunger 32 is opened to the space 25. To open the valve. As a result, the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into port a
, The annular refrigerant introduction groove 24, the passage 26, the space 25, the groove formed in the distal end surface of the shaft 35, the valve hole of the ball valve seat 28, and the passage 2 of the case 23.
Through 7, it flows into the lower space of the piston 17 of the first valve portion 2.

Then, the high-pressure refrigerant flowing into the lower space of the piston 17 pushes the piston 17 upward in FIG.
The cylindrical valve seat 16 is brought into contact with the ball valve body 14,
With the valve closed, the cylindrical valve seat 16 and the ball valve body 14 are further pushed up, whereby the holder 1
The shaft integrally formed with 2 pushes up the ball valve body 9 from its valve seat 6 to open the valve.

Thus, the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the port a flows through the communication hole 8 formed in the guide 7 and the valve hole of the valve seat 6 to the port b. On the other hand, when the second solenoid valve 5 is de-energized, the plunger 32a
The ball valve seat 28a is seated by the urging force of a. As a result, the supply of the high-pressure fluid is shut off by the second solenoid valve 5, so that the high-pressure refrigerant in the lower space of the piston 17a slightly leaks to the upper space via the packing 20a. As a result, the piston 17a
a, the ball valves 14a, 9a are also pushed down by the springs 15a,
10a also pushes down the figure. During these downward movements, the holder 12a
Is stopped by the stopper 13a. As a result, the ball valve element 14a separates from the cylindrical valve seat 16a and enters the valve open state, and the ball valve element 9a sits on the valve seat 6a and enters the valve closed state.

Thus, the refrigerant introduced into the port c passes through the passage formed on the outer periphery of the holder 12a, and flows to the port d through the central passage of the cylindrical valve seat 16a and the communication hole 19a.

That is, when the first solenoid valve 4 is in the energized state and the second solenoid valve 5 is in the non-energized state, the four-way switching valve allows the port a and the port b to communicate, and the port c and the port d to Will be in communication.

Next, as shown in FIG.
Is a non-energized state and the second solenoid valve 5 is in an energized state. First, when the first solenoid valve 4 is de-energized, the plunger 32 is seated on the ball valve seat 28 by the urging force of the spring 36. As a result, the supply of the high-pressure fluid is cut off by the first solenoid valve 4, so that the piston 17
The high-pressure refrigerant existing in the lower space slightly leaks to the upper space via the packing 20. As a result, the piston 17 is pushed down by the urging force of the spring 18, and in conjunction with this, the ball valves 14, 9 are also pushed down by the springs 15, 10. During these downward movements, the holder 12 is locked by the stopper 13 of the guide 11. This allows
The ball valve element 14 is separated from the cylindrical valve seat 16 and is in an open state, and the ball valve element 9 is seated on the valve seat 6 and is in a closed state.

As a result, the refrigerant introduced into the port b passes through the passage formed on the outer periphery of the holder 12, passes through the central passage of the cylindrical valve seat 16 and the communication hole 19, and passes through the port d.
Flows to

On the other hand, when the second solenoid valve 5 is energized, the plunger 32a is attracted to the core 34a against the urging force of the spring 36a. Thereby, the plunger 32a
Moves in a direction away from the ball valve seat 28a to be in a valve open state. As a result, the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the port a flows into the lower space of the piston 17a via the second solenoid valve 5, and pushes the piston 17a upward in the figure,
The ball valve body 14a is seated on the cylindrical valve seat 16a, and the shaft integrally formed with the holder 12a pushes up the ball valve body 9a from the valve seat 6a to open the valve.

Accordingly, the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the port a flows to the port c through the communication hole 8a formed in the guide 7a and the valve hole of the valve seat 6a. In other words, when the first solenoid valve 4 is in a non-energized state and the second solenoid valve 5 is in an energized state, the four-way switching valve allows the port a to communicate with the port c and the port b to communicate with the port d. become.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first switching state of a four-way switching valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a four-way switching according to a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal section showing the 2nd switching state of a valve. In FIGS. 4 and 5, the same components as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The structure of the valve portion of the four-way switching valve of the second embodiment is the same as that of the valve portion of the four-way switching valve of the first embodiment, except that the pistons 17 and 17a are adjusted. To selectively introduce the pilot fluid into the pressure chamber, the four-way switching valve of the first embodiment uses two two-way solenoid valves, whereas the three-way solenoid valve 50 uses two-way solenoid valves. I have.

In the three-way solenoid valve 50, a case 51 is press-fitted through an opening at a lower portion of the first valve portion 2. In this case 51, an annular refrigerant introduction groove 52 communicating with a port a for introducing a high-pressure refrigerant is formed, and the refrigerant introduction groove 52 is communicated via a passage 54 to a space 53 recessed at the lower center. . In the case 51, a passage 55 is formed at a central axis position, and a first ball valve seat 56 having a valve hole formed in the axial direction is fixed to a lower end portion thereof by caulking.

The three-way solenoid valve 50 has a solenoid
An upper end surface is provided with a sleeve 57 having an inner diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the space 53 of the case 51. A core 58 is fixed below the sleeve 57, and a passage 59 is formed at a central axial position of the core 58. Core 5
One end of a pipe 60 is connected to the outer end of the pipe 8, and the other end of the pipe 60 is connected to the lower space of the piston 17a via a plug 61 press-fitted into an opening at the lower part of the second valve part 3. ing. A second ball valve seat 62 having a valve hole formed in the axial direction is fixed to the upper end of the core 58 by caulking.

A plunger 63 is provided above the sleeve 57.
Are inserted and arranged so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction. The plunger 63 has an opening at the center axis thereof,
The shaft 64 is inserted there. This shaft 6
4 are both reduced in diameter so as to form an annular space with the central opening of the plunger 63, and a single groove is formed in the end face passing through the center.
The first and second ball valve seats 56 and 62 communicate with the valve holes through the grooves. A plurality of passages 65 extending in the axial direction are formed in the outer peripheral portion of the plunger 63. In addition, the plunger 63 has a diameter reduced about half on the core 58 side to form a spring accommodating space between the plunger 63 and the sleeve 57. In this spring accommodating space, the first ball valve seat 5 in which the plunger 63 is fixed to the case 51 is provided.
A spring 66 for urging the seat 6 to be seated is provided. The outer periphery of the sleeve 57 is provided with an electromagnetic coil 6.
7 is arranged, the outside of which is surrounded by a yoke 68.

Next, the operation of the four-way switching valve having the above configuration will be described. First, the case where the three-way solenoid valve 50 is in the energized state as shown in FIG. 4 will be described. When the three-way solenoid valve 50 is energized, the plunger 63 moves
6 is attracted to the core 58 against the urging force of the core 58. As a result, the plunger 63 separates from the first ball valve seat 56,
The valve opens. As a result, the high-pressure refrigerant introduced from the port a via the refrigerant passages 30 and 29 shown in FIG. 3 flows into the annular refrigerant introduction groove 52, the passage 54, the space 53, and the shaft 64.
A groove formed in the front end surface of the first ball valve seat 56;
And, it flows into the space below the piston 17 of the first valve portion 2 through the passage 55 of the case 51.

Then, the high-pressure refrigerant flowing into the lower space of the piston 17 pushes the piston 17 upward in the figure,
The ball valve body 14 is seated on the cylindrical valve seat 16 to close the valve, and the shaft integrally formed with the holder 12 pushes up the ball valve body 9 from the valve seat 6 to open the valve.

On the other hand, when the plunger 63 is sucked by the core 58, the plunger 63 is seated on the second ball valve seat 62. As a result, the high-pressure fluid supplied from the space 53 through the passage 65 formed in the plunger 63 is blocked at the second ball valve seat 62, so that the high-pressure refrigerant in the space below the piston 17a is
A small amount leaks to the upper space side via the packing 20a. As a result, the piston 17a is
Of the ball valves 14a, 9a, the springs 15a, 1
0a also pushes down the figure. At this time, the holder 12a is locked by the stopper 13a of the guide 11a, the ball valve body 14a is separated from the cylindrical valve seat 16a and is opened, and the ball valve body 9a is seated on the valve seat 6a and the valve Closed.

As a result, the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the port a flows through the communication hole 8 formed in the guide 7 and the valve hole of the valve seat 6 to the port b, and the refrigerant introduced into the port c is
It flows to the port d through the passage formed on the outer periphery of the holder 12a, through the center passage of the cylindrical valve seat 16a and the communication hole 19a. In other words, this four-way switching valve has been switched to a state in which port a and port b communicate with each other, and port c and port d communicate with each other.

Next, the operation when the three-way solenoid valve 50 is in the non-energized state will be described. When the three-way solenoid valve 50 is de-energized, the plunger 63 is seated on the first ball valve seat 56 by the urging force of the spring 66 as shown in FIG. Accordingly, the high-pressure fluid supplied from the space 53 to the lower space of the piston 17 is shut off, and the high-pressure refrigerant in the lower space of the piston 17 leaks slightly to the upper space via the packing 20. As a result, the piston 17 is pushed down by the urging force of the spring 18, and in conjunction with this, the ball valves 14, 9 are also pushed down by the springs 15, 10. At this time, the holder 12
The ball valve element 14 is locked by the stopper 13 of the guide 11.
Is separated from the cylindrical valve seat 16 to be in a valve-open state, and the ball valve body 9 is seated on the valve seat 6 to be in a valve-closed state.

On the other hand, the plunger 63 is separated from the second ball valve seat 62 to be in the valve open state. As a result, the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the annular refrigerant introduction groove 52 from the port a through the refrigerant passages 30 and 29 shown in FIG.
3. Passage 65 formed in plunger 63, shaft 6
4 flows into the lower space of the piston 17a of the second valve portion 3 through the groove formed in the front end surface of the second valve portion 4, the valve hole of the second ball valve seat 62, the passage 59 of the core 58, and the pipe 60.

The high-pressure refrigerant flowing into the lower space of the piston 17a pushes the piston 17a upward in the drawing, seats the ball valve body 14a on the cylindrical valve seat 16a to close the valve, and further integrates with the holder 12a. The formed shaft pushes up the ball valve body 9a from its valve seat 6a to open the valve.

Thus, the high-pressure refrigerant introduced into the port a flows to the port c through the communication hole 8a formed in the guide 7a and the valve hole of the valve seat 6a, and the refrigerant introduced into the port b is It flows to the port d through the passage formed in the outer periphery of the holder 12, through the central passage of the cylindrical valve seat 16 and the communication hole 19. That is, this four-way switching valve is switched to a state in which the port a communicates with the port c and the port b communicates with the port d.

[0042]

As described above, according to the present invention, the port a to the port b or the port c from the port a into which the high-pressure refrigerant is introduced.
The valve that opens and closes the passage from port b or port c to the port d is separated from the valve that opens and closes the passage to port d.
Each valve between b, b-d and each valve between ports ac, cd are opened and closed by piston drive, and each piston is selectively introduced from the port a to the pressure regulation chamber by the solenoid valve. It is configured to be driven by a high-pressure refrigerant. This allows
Since each valve is separated, the assemblability when the valves are assembled is improved, and the misalignment between the valves can be tolerated, so that the sealing performance is also improved.

[0043] By sealing property is improved, since it is subjected to very high pressure differential between the inlet and outlet, applying a heating and cooling system using any refrigerant with different working pressure (HFC-134a, etc. CO ₂₎ Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first switching state of a four-way switching valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second switching state of the four-way switching valve according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 as viewed from the side.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first switching state of a four-way switching valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second switching state of the four-way switching valve according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a cooling and heating system using a four-way switching valve.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Body 2 1st valve part 3 2nd valve part 4 1st solenoid valve 5 2nd solenoid valve 6,6a Valve seat 7,7a Guide 8,8a Communication hole 9,9a Ball valve body 10,10a Spring 11,11a Guide 12, 12a Holder 13, 13a Stopper 14, 14a Ball valve body 15, 15a Spring 16, 16a Cylindrical valve seat 17, 17a Piston 18, 18a Spring 19, 19a Communication hole 20, 20a Packing 21 Cap 22 C ring 23 Case 24 Refrigerant introduction groove 25 Space 26, 27 Passage 28, 28a Ball valve seat 29, 30 Refrigerant passage 31 Sleeve 32, 32a Plunger 33 Communication groove 34, 34a Core 35 Shaft 36, 36a Spring 37 Electromagnetic coil 38 Yoke 39 Flange 40 Cover 41 Wiring 50 Three-way solenoid valve 51 Case 5 2 Refrigerant introduction groove 53 Space 54 Passage 55 Passage 56 First ball valve seat 57 Sleeve 58 Core 59 Passage 60 Pipe 61 Plug 62 Second ball valve seat 63 Plunger 64 Shaft 65 Passage 66 Spring 67 Electromagnetic coil 68 Yoke

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3H056 AA03 BB22 BB33 BB38 CA03 CB03 CC02 CC12 CD06 GG13 3H067 AA04 AA32 AA38 BB03 BB08 BB12 CC33 DD02 DD12 DD32 DD33 DD37 EA15 FF11 GG02 GG23

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A fluid introduced into a first port is led out to a second port, and a fluid introduced into a third port is sent to a fourth port.
A first state derived from the first port, and a fluid introduced into the first port being derived to the third port,
A four-way switching valve that switches between a second state in which the fluid introduced into the fourth port is guided to the fourth port, and a normally closed valve that opens and closes a passage between the first port and the second port. A first valve, a normally open second valve that opens and closes a passage between the second port and the fourth port, and a coaxial line with the first valve and the second valve. A first piston disposed to close the second valve and drive to open the first valve; and a pressure regulating chamber having the first port and one end closed by the first piston. A first solenoid valve that opens and closes a communicating passage; a normally closed third valve that opens and closes a passage between the first port and the third port; the third port and the fourth port A normally open fourth valve that opens and closes a passage between the third valve and the fourth valve A second piston disposed on the same axis as the first piston for closing the fourth valve and driving to open the third valve; and a control wherein the first port and one end are closed by the second piston. A second solenoid valve that opens and closes a passage that communicates with the pressure chamber. A first valve seat provided in a passage between the first port and the second port; a first valve seat provided in a passage between the first port and the second port;
A first ball valve body that is disposed on the first port side so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction so as to face the first valve seat, and is urged in a direction to be seated on the first valve seat. A third valve provided in a passage between the first port and the third port, a second valve seat provided in a passage between the first port and the third port, and a third valve provided on a side of the first port opposed to the second valve seat. The second position is arranged so as to be able to move back and forth in the axial direction.
2. The four-way switching valve according to claim 1, further comprising a second ball valve body biased in a direction of seating on the valve seat. 3. The first valve seat provided in the passage between the second port and the fourth port so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction. A third ball valve body disposed on the side of the second port opposite to the cylindrical valve seat, a shaft having a tip abutting on the first ball valve body, and holding the third ball valve body. A first holder integrally formed with a holding portion and biased in a direction in which the third ball valve element is seated on the first cylindrical valve seat;
And a stopper for guiding the first cylindrical valve seat in the axial direction and for restricting movement of the first holder in a direction away from the first valve.
And a first guide for opening the valve when the holder moves together with the first cylindrical valve seat in a direction away from the first valve, and the fourth valve includes the third port. A second cylindrical valve seat provided in the passage between the first and fourth ports so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction, and disposed on the third port side opposite to the second cylindrical valve seat. A fourth ball valve element, a shaft having a tip abutting on the second ball valve element, and a holding portion for holding the fourth ball valve element are integrally formed, and the fourth ball valve A second holder biased in a direction in which a body is seated on the second cylindrical valve seat;
And a stopper for guiding the second cylindrical valve seat in the axial direction and for restricting the second holder from moving away from the second valve.
3. The four-way switching device according to claim 2, further comprising a second guide for opening the valve when the holder moves together with the second cylindrical valve seat in a direction away from the second valve. valve. 4. The first piston is formed integrally with the first cylindrical valve seat and has a first leak means for minutely leaking a fluid in a pressure regulating chamber to the fourth port. The second piston is formed integrally with the second cylindrical valve seat, and has a second leak means for minutely leaking the fluid in the pressure regulating chamber to the fourth port. The four-way switching valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: 5. A fluid introduced into a first port is led out to a second port, and a fluid introduced into a third port is passed to a fourth port.
A first state derived from the first port, and a fluid introduced into the first port being derived to the third port,
A four-way switching valve that switches between a second state in which the fluid introduced into the fourth port is guided to the fourth port, and a normally closed valve that opens and closes a passage between the first port and the second port. A first valve, a normally open second valve that opens and closes a passage between the second port and the fourth port, and a coaxial line with the first valve and the second valve. A first piston disposed to close the second valve and drive the first valve to open, and a normally closed valve for opening and closing a passage between the first port and the third port. A third valve, a normally open fourth valve that opens and closes a passage between the third port and the fourth port, and on the same axis as the third valve and the fourth valve. A second piston disposed to drive the fourth valve to close and open the third valve; Fluid inlet communicating with a port of one end of the first
A three-way solenoid valve having a first fluid outlet communicating with the pressure regulating chamber closed by the piston and a second fluid outlet having one end communicating with the pressure regulating chamber closed by the second piston. A four-way switching valve. 6. A first valve seat provided in a passage between the first port and the second port, the first valve comprising:
A first ball valve body that is disposed on the first port side so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction so as to face the first valve seat, and is urged in a direction to be seated on the first valve seat. A third valve provided in a passage between the first port and the third port, a second valve seat provided in a passage between the first port and the third port, and a third valve provided on a side of the first port opposed to the second valve seat. The second position is arranged so as to be able to move back and forth in the axial direction.
6. The four-way switching valve according to claim 5, further comprising: a second ball valve body biased in a direction to be seated on said valve seat. 7. The first valve seat provided in the passage between the second port and the fourth port so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction. A third ball valve body disposed on the side of the second port opposite to the cylindrical valve seat, a shaft having a tip abutting on the first ball valve body, and holding the third ball valve body. A first holder integrally formed with a holding portion and biased in a direction in which the third ball valve element is seated on the first cylindrical valve seat;
And a stopper for guiding the first cylindrical valve seat in the axial direction and for restricting movement of the first holder in a direction away from the first valve.
And a first guide for opening the valve when the holder moves together with the first cylindrical valve seat in a direction away from the first valve, and the fourth valve includes the third port. A second cylindrical valve seat provided in the passage between the first and fourth ports so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction, and disposed on the third port side opposite to the second cylindrical valve seat. A fourth ball valve element, a shaft having a tip abutting on the second ball valve element, and a holding portion for holding the fourth ball valve element are integrally formed, and the fourth ball valve A second holder biased in a direction in which a body is seated on the second cylindrical valve seat;
And a stopper for guiding the second cylindrical valve seat in the axial direction and for restricting the second holder from moving away from the second valve.
7. The four-way switching device according to claim 6, further comprising a second guide for opening the valve when the holder moves together with the second cylindrical valve seat in a direction away from the second valve. valve. 8. The first piston is formed integrally with the first cylindrical valve seat and has a first leak means for minutely leaking a fluid in a pressure regulating chamber to the fourth port. The second piston is formed integrally with the second cylindrical valve seat, and has a second leak means for minutely leaking the fluid in the pressure regulating chamber to the fourth port. The four-way switching valve according to claim 7, wherein