JPH028566A - Four-way valve for refrigerating cycle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To substantially reduce change over power and thermal loss by storing sliders in a holder to constitute a tunnel-shaped flow path and storing bushes, molded by a low heat conductive material, in internal walls of the sliders. CONSTITUTION:Sliding seat rings 24, 25 are mounted to hollow sliders 22, 23, and these sliders 22, 23 are stored in a holder 26, constituting a tunnel-shaped flow path 19a. Bushes 23h, 23i, molded by a low heat conductive material, are stored in an internal wall of these hollow sliders 22, 23. In this way, the hollow sliders 22, 23, enabling their pressure receiving surface to be fine decreased, can substantially decreases the change over power. While heat is prevented from being easily transmitted to the hollow sliders 22, 23 from the bushes 23h, 23i so that a thermal loss can be reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle, and particularly to a four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle used for switching between cooling and heating in a heat pump type air conditioner.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, the demand for four-way valves for refrigeration cycles has rapidly increased as air conditioners increasingly use heat pumps, and there is a strong demand for lower costs, improved reliability, and smaller size.

As a conventional technique, there is a four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle as shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 35-12689.

An example of the conventional four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle described above will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 7 shows a sectional view of a conventional four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle. 1 is a sealed cylindrical valve body, 1a is an inner wall of the cylindrical body, and 2.3 is a discharge pipe and a suction pipe of a compressor 101 connected in opposite directions to both sides of the circumferential surface of the valve body. Reference numerals 4 and 5 denote first and second conduit pipes provided on both sides of the suction pipe 3. The first conduit 4 is connected to an indoor heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as an indoor unit) 102, and the second conduit 5 is connected to an outdoor heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as an outdoor unit) 103. Each of the four connecting pipes 2.3 and 4.5 opens into the valve body 1, and the open ends of the parallel connecting pipes 3.4.5 are flush with each other in the axial direction of the valve body 1. 6 is fixed to the valve body 1, and the connecting pipe 4 and the seat 6 form a through-hole 4'.
is formed. Reference numeral 7 denotes a sliding valve that is located inside the valve body 1 and slides in the axial direction on the seat 6 surface, and connects the suction pipe 3 and the first conduit 4, or the suction pipe 3 and the second conduit 5. It has a concave surface 7a that selectively allows communication. A piston body 8.9 is connected to both sides of the sliding valve by a connecting plate 10 and has minute holes 8a and 9a. Reference numerals 11 and 12 are lids that seal the end surfaces of the valve body 1. 13.14 opens into the spaces R1 and R2 between the lids 11 and 12, and the suction pipe 3 is opened by energizing the electromagnetic pilot valve 15.
This is a bleed pipe that selectively communicates with the bleed gas to introduce low-pressure gas.

The operation of the four-way valve for the refrigeration cycle constructed as above will be explained.

The bleed pipe 1 is opened by energizing the electromagnetic pilot valve 15.
3. Space R1 or space R2 and suction pipe 3 via 14
The micro holes 8a of the piston bodies 8 and 9 selectively communicate with each other to reduce the pressure in the space.

By introducing the pressure on the discharge side in the valve body 1 into the space on the opposite side through the valve 9a and making it high pressure, the sliding valve 7 connected to the piston body 8.9 is moved by the difference in pressure between the high and low pressures in the rain space. The high-pressure refrigerant introduced from the discharge pipe 2 is communicated with the second conduit 5 to heat the room using the indoor unit 102 as a condenser, or the high-pressure refrigerant is communicated with the first conduit 4 to heat the indoor unit 102.
The indoor unit is cooled by using 03 as a condenser and the indoor unit 102 as an evaporator.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above configuration, pressure is converted between high and low pressure by operating the electromagnetic pilot valve 15, and the valve is switched based on the pressure difference, so the pilot valve itself is essential. , the cost was very high (and the structure was complicated. Also, the electromagnetic pilot valve 1
5 and the valve body 1 are connected by air bleed pipes 13 and 14, there are many connection points (resulting in high costs and the risk of gas leakage. Also, the operation of the valve is switched depending on the pressure difference 2). Therefore, it is impossible to operate in a state where there is no pressure difference, and since a certain pressure difference is required, switching cannot be performed unless the air conditioner etc. is in operation, resulting in an operation loss at the beginning of switching.

Further, when the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant introduced from the discharge pipe 2 passes through the first conduit 4, the cylindrical body 1 at the seat 6 portion
The inner wall area of the penetrating part 7 is large because the wall thickness of the penetrating part 7 is large (the amount of heat transferred from the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant into the cylindrical body 1 through the penetrating part 7 is large, and the inner wall 1a of the cylindrical body in contact with the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant is Since the area of the four-way valve is large, the amount of heat transferred from the inner wall of the cylindrical body to the outside of the four-way valve is also large.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention simplifies the structure, improves assembly workability, reduces costs, and particularly reduces heat loss to increase system efficiency and improve heating and cooling capacity, as well as improve reliability of switching operation. The present invention provides a four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle that improves performance.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle of the present invention includes a first valve seat having an inlet connected to the compressor discharge side on the inner surface of the cylinder forming the valve body. and a first connected to the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger, respectively.
second valve seats having second inlets arranged in parallel in the axial direction are provided parallel to each other, and a cut is made in a parallel portion of at least one of the first valve seat or the second valve seat of the cylinder outer wall. A bushing formed of a material having low thermal conductivity is provided on the inner wall of the slider, and the bushing is disposed on the compressor suction side at a position biased toward the first inlet on the side surface sandwiched between the two valve seats. connected to the cylinder, and provided with an oval-shaped discharge port extending in the axial direction of the cylinder,
By moving a holder, which forms a tunnel-like flow path by storing sliders at both ends that contact and seal the valve seats, in the axial direction of the cylinder using a solenoid, an inlet communicating with the suction port or the discharge port, respectively, is formed. The configuration is such that the refrigerant passages can be switched.

Effects The present invention has the above-described configuration, so that even if the pressure difference between the high and low levels of the system is applied to the inside and outside of the tunnel-like channel made up of a pair of sliders and a holder, the pressure receiving surface of the slider can be configured to be minute. The operating resistance (friction coefficient x acting force) of the slide seat ring is small, and the switching force required to move in the cylinder axial direction can be significantly reduced.

In addition, since a bushing made of a material with low thermal conductivity is housed in the inner wall of the slider, heat is conducted from the bushing to the slider. heat loss is small.

EXAMPLE Hereinafter, a four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle according to an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that since the cooling system has the same configuration as the conventional one, the same reference numerals are given and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 are cross-sectional views of a four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle in an embodiment of the present invention when power is not supplied.

16 is a cylinder forming the valve body, and a compressor 101 is installed on the side.
Suction pipe 17 connected to the suction port 16a
is open. This discharge port 16a has an elongated oval shape in the cylinder axial direction, and a connecting end 17a of the suction vibrator 17 to the cylinder 16 is expanded into a tapered shape. Further, a lid 18 is fitted to the -open end 16b.

16c and 16d are first and second valve seats formed in the axial direction parallel to each other on the inner wall of the cylinder 16, and the compressor 101 is attached to the first valve seat 16c.
Suction port 16 from discharge pipe 19 connected to the discharge side of
e is open. Further, on the second valve seat 16d, an outdoor heat exchanger 103 (hereinafter referred to as an outdoor unit) and an indoor heat exchanger 10 each function reversibly as a condenser or an evaporator.
2 (hereinafter referred to as the indoor unit), the first and second connection pipes 20° 21 are opened through the first and second inlets 16f, 1.
6g is opened in a straight line in the axial direction of the cylinder 16. The discharge port 16a is provided at a position biased towards the first guide port 16f in the axial direction of the cylinder 16.

22.23 is a slide seat ring 24.25 made of a fluororesin, such as PTFE (tetrafluoroethylene resin), which has excellent sliding properties and seals by coming into contact with the valve seats 16c and 16d; a circular groove 22a at one end; 23a
and both groove walls 22b, 22c, 23b, 23
c to the groove side to remove the slide seat ring 24.
They are a pair of hollow sliders that are fixed by adding 25 screws and tightening them. Further, on the inner wall 23j of each of the sliders 22, 23, there is a bushing 2 made of a material having excellent low thermal conductivity, for example, made of resin.
It stores 3h and 23i. 26 is the slider 22
．． 23 at both ends to form a tunnel-like flow path 19a. 27 is inside the holder 26 and is interposed between the sliders 22 and 23 to move the pair of sliders 22 and 23 to the valve seat 16c of the cylinder 16,
16d and the slide seat ring 24.25
This is a spring that presses against the valve seats 16c and 16d to seal the inside and outside. 28.29 is the slider 2
This is a V-shaped seal ring that is housed in a recess at the center of the outer periphery of 2.23 and seals between the holders 26. 30 is a plunger of an electromagnetic solenoid 31 connected to the holder 26 and protruding from the opening side of the cylinder 16. A bypass hole 3 is provided in the center of the plunger 30 because fluid such as gas oil becomes a fluid as the plunger 30 moves.
0a is formed. Reference numeral 32 denotes a cylinder made of a non-magnetic material that covers the outer periphery of the plunger 30 on the outside of the cylinder 16, and the opening of the cylinder 16 is covered by a lid 33 provided with the cylinder 32.

34a and 34b are fixed iron cores fixed to the open end 32a of the cylinder 32, and 34c is an alnico magnet. A return spring 3 is provided between the plunger 30 and the fixed iron core 34a.
5 is interposed. 36 is an electromagnetic coil fixedly attached to the outer shell of the cylinder 32, and this electromagnetic coil 36
The holder 26 is connected to the cylinder 16 by controlling the energization to the cylinder 16.
Slide inside in the axial direction.

Sliders 22.2 are housed at both ends of the holder 26.
Slide seat ring fixed at the end of 3 24.25
1 and 3, the suction port 16e and the first inlet 16f are communicated with each other in the first position of the holder 26 (the electromagnetic coil 36 is not energized), and when the electromagnetic coil 36 is energized, the plunger 30 The suction port 16e and the second inlet port 16g are designed to communicate with each other at the second position (FIGS. 5 and 6) where the holder 26 is sucked.

The operation of the four-way valve for the refrigeration cycle constructed as described above will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. 1st
3 shows the condition when the electromagnetic coil 36 is not energized, and the plunger 30 is urged downward in the figure by the action of the return spring 35, and the holder 26 comes into contact with the lid 18 and stops. As a result, a tunnel-like flow path 19a formed by the holder 26 and the sliders 22 and 23 housed at both ends thereof.
The suction port 16e and the first guide port 16f are communicated with each other, and the discharge port 16a and the second guide port 16g are also connected to the cylinder 1.
It communicates through the inside of 6. Therefore, the refrigerant gas flows through the cooling cycle circuit of the compressor 101 → discharge vibrator 19 → first connecting vibrator 20 → outdoor unit 103 → expansion valve → indoor unit 102 → second connecting vibe 21 → suction vibrator 17 → compressor 101. Become.

Next, when the electromagnetic coil 36 is energized, the plunger 30
is attracted to the fixed iron core 34. It touches and stops. As a result, the holder 26 and the sliders 22 .
The tunnel-like flow path formed by the inlet 16
e and the second inlet 16g are communicated with each other, and the discharge port 16
a and the first inlet 16f are also communicated through the inside of the cylinder 16. Therefore, the refrigerant gas is transmitted from the compressor 101→discharge vibrator 19→second connecting vibe 21→indoor unit 102→expansion valve→outdoor unit 103→first connecting vibe 20→suction pipe 1
7→This becomes the heating cycle circuit of the compressor 101.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the first valve seat 16c has the suction port 16e connected to the discharge side of the compressor 101 on the inner surface of the cylinder 16 forming the valve body, and the outdoor unit 1
03. A second valve seat 16d, in which first and second inlets 16f and 16g connected to the indoor unit 102, respectively, are arranged in parallel in the axial direction, is provided in such a way that they are supported by each other, and are sandwiched between the two valve seats 16c and 16d. A discharge port 16a connected to the suction side of the compressor 101, which has an elliptical shape elongated in the axial direction of the cylinder 16, is provided at a position biased toward the first inlet port 16f on the side surface of the cylinder 16. ,1
By moving the holder 26 in the axial direction of the cylinder 16 by the solenoid 31, which accommodates sliders 22 and 23 at both ends to form a tunnel-like flow path 19a, the sliders 22 and 23 that abut and seal against the suction port 16e or the discharge port 16a are moved. By selecting the inlets 15f and 16g that communicate with the refrigerant passages and switching the refrigerant passages, the difference in high and low pressures in the system is applied to the inside and outside of the tunnel-shaped flow path made up of the pair of sliders 22 and 23 and the holder 26. The operating resistance (friction coefficient x acting force) of the slide seat rings 24, 25 provided at the tips of the sliders 22, 23 is small (and the switching force required to move the cylinder 16 in the axial direction can be significantly reduced).

Also, since bushings 23h and 23i molded from a low thermal conductivity material are housed on the inner wall of the slider 22.23, the slider 22.2 is connected to the inner wall of the bushings 23h and 23i, respectively.
As heat is conducted to 3, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant is discharged from
The amount of heat transferred to the slider 22, 23 during the passage through the tunnel-like channel 19a is small, and therefore the heat loss is small.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention has a first valve seat having an inlet connected to the compressor discharge side on the inner surface of the cylinder forming the valve body, and a first valve seat connected to the indoor unit and the outdoor unit, respectively. , second valve seats having second inlets arranged in parallel in the axial direction are provided parallel to each other, and the second valve seat is provided in a position biased towards the inverted first inlet between the two valve seats. A solenoid is used to install a holder that has a discharge port that is connected to the compressor suction port and has an oval shape that is long in the axial direction of the cylinder, and that a slider that abuts and seals against both valve seats is housed at both ends to form a tunnel-like flow path. By moving in the axial direction of the cylinder, the refrigerant passage is switched by selecting the inlet that communicates with the suction port or the discharge port, so that the difference between the high and low pressures of the system can be reduced through a tunnel consisting of a pair of sliders and a holder. The operating resistance of the slide seat ring provided at the tip of the slider (friction coefficient x acting force) allows the pressure-receiving surface of the slider to be configured to be minute even when applied inside and outside the flow path.
is small, the switching force required to move the cylinder in the axial direction can be significantly reduced, and valve replacement can be done without using a pilot valve as in the past, resulting in significant cost reduction, miniaturization, and improved operational reliability. I can figure it out.

Furthermore, since the inner wall of the slider houses a bushing carved from a material with low thermal conductivity, heat is conducted from the inner wall of the bushing to the cylinder. The heat loss during passage is small, increasing system efficiency and heating and cooling capacity, improving comfort and energy savings.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the cooling state of the west valve for a refrigeration cycle in an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view in the x-x' direction of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the heating state in FIG. 1, and FIG.
-Y' direction partial sectional view, FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a conventional four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle. 16...Cylinder, 16a...Discharge port, 16C216d...First and second valve seats, 16e...Intake port, 15f, 16g...・
...First and second inlets, 22.23...Slider, 23h, 23i...Buttons, 26...
...Holder, 31...Solenoid, 101
. . . Compressor, 102 . . . Indoor heat exchanger, 103 . . . Outdoor heat exchanger. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person 16-
Cylinder/6a-171 outlet 16cm-1st valve seat/6e...-intake 4? 3゛゛7 Sosh

Claims (1)

[Claims] A first valve seat having an inlet connected to the discharge side of the compressor, a first inlet connected to an outdoor heat exchanger, and a second inlet connected to an indoor heat exchanger. The valve body has second valve seats arranged in parallel in the axial direction and is formed parallel to the inner surface, and has a discharge port connected to the suction side of the compressor, etc. on the side surface sandwiched between the two valve seats. a cylinder to be formed, and a cylinder that slides inside the cylinder to connect the discharge port and the first guide port, the suction port and the second guide port, or the discharge port and the second guide port, and the suction port and the first guide port. A holder that configures a tunnel-like flow path by housing sliders at both ends to switch and communicate the inlets of the holder, and a solenoid that reciprocates the holder, and a bush molded from a low thermal conductive material is housed on the inner wall of the slider. A four-way valve for refrigeration cycles.