JP2000167522A - Apparatus for treating organic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the evaporation of water from organic waste by controlling moisture around the waste being fermented, to accelerate the propagation of microorganisms in the surface layer of the waste, and the decompose the waste efficiently in a short time. SOLUTION: In an organic waste treatment apparatus in which an air supply apparatus, an exhaust apparatus for organic substance decomposition gas, and the like, a heater 7, an agitator 6, and the like, are fitted to a fermentation decomposition tank 1 for fermentation-decompose organic waste, a moisture supply apparatus 14 is attached to the tank 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organic waste treatment apparatus for fermenting organic waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, a large amount of various organic wastes are discharged not only from ordinary households but also from catering centers, restaurants and the like, and the treatment of these organic wastes has become a social problem. Various kinds of organic waste treatment apparatuses have been developed for effective use as such.

[0003] The principle of the above-mentioned organic waste treatment apparatus is that the organic waste is decomposed into compost, and microorganisms such as liver bacteria, cocci and actinomycetes are added to the organic waste to reproduce the organic waste. Conditions (moisture 20-40%, temperature 40-60
(° C, air volume, etc.) to decompose organic waste.

[0004] At this time, the organic waste is added with an adjusting material for moisture adjustment or heated and dried.
The heating is performed by hot air using a burner or the like as a heating source, or a heating means such as an oil jacket. The air is sent while stirring the organic waste with a spiral blade or the like. There are the following known techniques as a material processing apparatus.

[0005] That is, there are devices described in JP-A-5-57265 (Publication 1), JP-A-7-132273 (Publication 2), and JP-A-7-195058 (Publication 3).

[0006] A known technique 1 is to efficiently dry organic waste such as garbage into organic waste having a desired water content. A stirring blade which is rotatable and driven in a storage tank into which the organic waste is charged. In an organic waste treatment apparatus that heats organic waste while stirring and drying or fermenting it, a hot air passage is provided below the bottom of the storage tank, and the inside of the tank is heated above the storage tank. A heater is provided to connect the hot air passage and the upper portion of the storage tank so as to communicate with each other by a duct, and a blower for sucking hot air from the hot air passage and sending the hot air to the upper portion of the storage tank is provided.

[0007] Further, in the prior art 2, in order to save energy and eliminate the emission of offensive odors, hot air is supplied to the upper part of the fermentation drying tank to raise the temperature in the upper part of the tank to a high temperature range of 700 to 800 ° C.
A hot air injection device having control means for controlling the lower part in a low temperature range of 250 to 400 ° C. is provided, and a cyclone equipped with a circulation fan for collecting dust floating in the drying tank is connected to the drying tank, The outlet of the circulation fan is connected to a circulation path communicating with the inside of the drying tank and a branch pipe forming a discharge path communicating with the thermal storage and deodorization duct extending in the high temperature range. A switching valve for opening and closing the path is provided.

[0008] Further, the known technique 3 comprises a step of pulverizing garbage, a step of mixing a regulator such as microorganisms and organic moisture, and the like.
It has a fermentation decomposition step, and is provided with an inlet provided in a case, a pulverizer, a processing tank, a stirrer, a heating device, an exhaust pipe provided with a deodorizing device, and a processed material discharge chute.

[0009]

However, in the above-mentioned known technique 1, since a part of the heated air is discharged through the exhaust duct, the water content of the organic waste is gradually discharged and deviates from the optimum fermentation humidity. Therefore, there is a problem that fermentation is hindered, and the odor accompanying the fermentation of the organic waste is radiated to the outside to adversely affect the environment.

In the prior art 2, a circulation and discharge route is provided between the fermentation drying tank and hot air is circulated and supplied until the temperature atmosphere in the drying tank reaches substantially predetermined high and low temperature ranges. Therefore, although energy saving can be achieved,
After the temperature atmosphere in the fermentation drying tank has reached approximately the specified high and low temperature ranges, the moisture in the organic waste is also discharged because the exhaust gas is released into the atmosphere through the thermal storage deodorization duct provided in the discharge path The fermentation is deviated from the optimal fermentation humidity, and fermentation is inhibited. In addition, exhaust gas is passed through a thermal storage deodorizing duct to remove bad odors.However, heat in the exhaust gas after the deodorizing treatment is exhausted and energy efficiency is poor, and a thermal storage deodorizing duct using a hot air injection device and fermentation drying There is a problem that it is difficult to balance the adjustment of the temperature atmosphere in the bath.

In the prior art 3, an organic water-conditioning material such as rice bran, okara, and oil cake is added to garbage and the like in advance according to a predetermined amount of microorganisms and moisture and amount of garbage. Although a deodorizing device that decomposes by heat fermentation and discharges water vapor and the like to the outside is interposed, a part of the heated air is also discharged to the outside through an exhaust duct as in the known technology 1 by this device. The water content of the organic waste is gradually discharged, so that the optimum fermentation humidity cannot be maintained, and fermentation is hindered. Since the details of the deodorizing device are not disclosed, it is unknown what deodorizing device is used.

An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the above-mentioned conventional technology, and to control the evaporation of water from organic waste by adjusting the humidity around the organic waste during fermentation. It promotes the growth of microorganisms on the surface of organic waste, enables efficient decomposition of organic waste in a short period of time, eliminates odors in exhaust gas, solves environmental problems, and An object of the present invention is to provide an organic waste treatment apparatus that recovers heat to increase energy efficiency and also enables automation of the apparatus.

[0013]

As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention provides an air supply device, an exhaust device for decomposing organic matter gas, a heating device, and the like in a fermentation decomposition tank for fermenting and decomposing organic waste by microorganisms. In an organic waste treatment apparatus provided with a stirring device or the like, a moisture supply device is provided in the fermentation decomposition tank.

The moisture supply device may be a heating type moisture supply device or an ultrasonic vibration type moisture supply device, and may be connected to an air supply path of an air supply device attached to the fermentation decomposition tank. it can.

A deodorizing device can be attached to the fermentation decomposition tank to deodorize exhaust gas. The deodorizing device may be a heat decomposition type deodorizing device, a catalyst added to the deodorizing device, or an ozone type deodorizing device. It is preferable to use a decomposable deodorizing device.

The exhaust gas after the deodorization treatment in the thermal decomposition type deodorizing apparatus may be used as a heating source for the fermentation decomposition tank and / or the heating type moisture supply apparatus.
The moisture supply device further includes a moisture setting unit, a data input unit of a moisture detector, and an output unit for controlling a moisture supply amount adjusting unit from the moisture supply unit based on the data. And a control means having the following.

Further, the thermal decomposition type deodorizing device has a temperature setting means, a data input section of a temperature detector, and an output section for controlling the deodorizing temperature control means of the thermal decomposition type deodorizing apparatus based on the data. A temperature control means and a temperature detector of the fermentation decomposition tank for utilizing waste heat after the deodorization treatment of the pyrolysis type deodorization apparatus, and a moisture content of the heating type moisture supply apparatus. A control means having a data input part by a setting means and a moisture detector, and an output part for the temperature control means of the fermentation decomposition tank and the moisture supply control means of the heating type moisture supply device based on the data; Can be provided.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a basic embodiment of the present invention. An organic waste fermentation / decomposition tank 1 has an organic waste input port 3 which is opened and closed by a lid 2 at an upper part, and a bottom part 1.
a has a semicircular cross-sectional shape, a shaft 4 rotatably provided at the center of the hemispherical surface of the bottom 1a, and a tip secured to the shaft 4 and having a tip as close as possible to the inner surface of the bottom 1a. Organic waste stirring device 6 comprising stirring blades 5 rotating close to each other
Is provided.

A heater 7 constituting a heating device is embedded from the bottom 1a of the fermentation decomposition tank 1 to the peripheral wall.
Further, an air blowing pipe 8 for supplying air into the fermentation decomposition tank 1 and an exhaust pipe 9 for discharging exhaust gas are disposed above the inside of the fermentation decomposition tank 1.

The heater 7 is connected to a power supply 11 via a power controller 10, and the power controller 10
Is connected to a thermometer 12 provided at the bottom 1a of the base through a temperature controller 13 which is a temperature setting means.

A moisture supply device 14 is connected to the air blowing pipe 8.
The blower 15 is connected through a pipe 16 via the.

The moisture supply device 14 has a built-in heater 18 as a heating source at the lower bottom of a water tank 17. The heater 18 is connected to a power supply 20 via a power controller 19. A thermometer 21 as a temperature detector is disposed in the water W in the tank 17, and the thermometer 21 is connected to the power controller 19 via a temperature controller 22 as a temperature setting unit, and detects the detected temperature. The power controller 19 is controlled in accordance with the following.

Therefore, the water W in the water tank 17 is heated by the heater 18 to generate steam V.
Water vapor V is mixed into the air blown from 5 and supplied to the air suction pipe 8 so that air containing water vapor can be supplied into the fermentation decomposition tank 1.

The water vapor generating means may be of an ultrasonic vibration type which subdivides water droplets by ultrasonic vibration in addition to the heater 18. It is desirable that the evaporation amount of the water vapor V be close to the saturated water vapor amount at the temperature of the fermentation decomposition tank 1. In the case of a heating type, it is desirable to control the water temperature in the water tank 17 to be equal to the temperature in the fermentation decomposition tank 1. Depending on the temperature in the fermentation cracking tank 1, two of the air passing through the moisture supply device 14 and the air
As a system, the humidity in the fermentation decomposition tank 1 can be adjusted by changing the supply ratio of the air. In addition, the code | symbol 23 in a figure shows organic waste.

On the other hand, the fermentation decomposition tank 1 is provided with a moisture detector 24 for detecting the moisture of the organic waste 23 inside the fermentation decomposition tank 1. As the moisture detector 24, for example, an infrared method that irradiates infrared rays into the organic waste 23 and measures the amount of the infrared rays absorbed according to the content of the moisture to obtain a moisture value is used. Good to use.

By providing the moisture detector 24, the moisture in the organic waste 23 in the fermentation decomposition tank 1 is measured by the moisture detector 24 as shown in the block diagram of FIG. The set temperature is adjusted by a moisture setting means (corresponding to the temperature controller 22) so that the target humidity is obtained, or the measurement result of the moisture is directly taken into the temperature controller 22 and the humidifier (humid And a blower 15, a temperature controller 22, a power controller 19, and a thermometer 2 serving as a moisture supply amount adjusting means of the moisture supply device 14.
1. By controlling the heater 18 for heating, it is possible to prevent the organic waste 23 from drying and to control the moisture to an appropriate level.

In this case, the water tank 1 of the moisture supply device 14
If the water temperature in 7 is raised, the humidity of the supply air will increase,
The evaporation of water in the fermentation decomposition tank 1 can be suppressed.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which a deodorizing device 25 for removing the odor of the exhaust gas discharged in the embodiment of FIG. 1 is added.
Are connected to deodorize exhaust gas.

That is, a heater 26, a thermometer 27, and a deodorizing catalyst 28 are connected in series to the exhaust pipe 9.
Reference numeral 6 is connected to a power supply 30 via a power controller 29, and a temperature controller 31 is connected to the thermometer 27 so that the power controller 29 is controlled by the temperature controller 31.

The deodorization of the exhaust gas requires an almost 100% deodorizing effect. To satisfy this, the odor component in the exhaust gas is heated by heating the exhaust gas to 800 ° C. to 900 ° C. in the air heater 26. Can be oxidatively decomposed. In this case, by using the deodorizing catalyst 28 as described above, the heating temperature can be reduced to 200 ° C to 400 ° C.

As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 4B, the deodorization decomposition temperature is controlled by a thermometer 27 as a temperature detector.
The temperature of the exhaust gas measured in the step is compared with a set temperature set in a temperature controller 31 as a temperature setting means, and the power supplied to the heater 26 through the control means is adjusted by the temperature controller 31 so that the exhaust gas Temperature is controlled.

FIG. 3 shows that the exhaust gas discharged from the deodorizing device 25 is mixed with outside air to lower the temperature to a target temperature (100 ° C. or lower), and this air is used as a heating source of the fermentation decomposition tank 1 and a water tank of the moisture supply device 14. It is designed to be used as a heating source 18 ′ for heating the water W inside 17, and a cooling air amount adjusting valve 33 is interposed in the outside air supply path 32. The control motor 34 for adjusting the opening degree is controlled by a temperature controller 36 of a thermometer 35 disposed on the bottom 1b of the fermentation decomposition tank 1. The heated air is introduced into a heated air passage 38 formed around the fermentation / decomposition tank 1 through an air passage 37, heats the entire fermentation / decomposition tank 1, and is discharged from an exhaust port 39.

The amount of the outside air introduced is determined by adjusting the heating temperature of the fermentation / decomposition tank 1 to a temperature (about 30 ° C.) suitable for active activation of microorganisms.
７０70 ° C.) is controlled by the opening degree of the cooling air amount adjusting valve 33.

The control of the fermentation temperature in the fermentation decomposition tank 1 is shown in FIG.
As shown in the block diagram in (C), the temperature in the fermentation decomposition tank 1 is measured by a thermometer 35 as a temperature detector, and the measurement result is set in a temperature controller 36 as temperature setting means. The cooling air amount adjusting valve 33 is controlled by the temperature controller 36 through the control means,
The temperature of the air supplied to the heated air passage 38 is adjusted so that the temperature in the fermentation decomposition tank 1 is controlled to be appropriate.

The moisture in the organic waste 23 in the fermentation / decomposition tank 1 is controlled by a control motor 40 which measures the moisture in the organic waste 23 with a moisture detector 24 so that the target moisture is obtained. By adjusting the opening of the regulating valves 41 and 42 for introducing outside air, it is possible to control the humidity to an appropriate level.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention, the moisture is supplied from the moisture supply device to the air supply system of the air supply device attached to the fermentation decomposition tank. In addition, the evaporation of water from the organic waste can be suppressed, and the propagation of microorganisms on the surface of the organic waste can be promoted, whereby the organic waste can be efficiently decomposed in a short time.

Further, a deodorizing device is provided in a discharge system of the exhaust gas discharged from the fermentation decomposition tank, and the deodorizing device is a thermal decomposition type deodorizing device, or a heating catalyst is added to this device, or an ozone decomposition type deodorizing device is used. Effectively removes odors and clears environmental problems. In addition, the heat decomposition type deodorizer recovers heat in the exhaust gas and contributes to the moisture supply unit and the heating source of the fermentation decomposition tank. And an energy-efficient organic waste treatment apparatus.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an organic waste treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram in a case where a thermal decomposition type deodorizing device is added to the device of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram in a case where a device for recovering heat in exhaust gas is added to the apparatus of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 shows a control block diagram, wherein (A) is a moisture control,
(B) is a block diagram of decomposition temperature control, and (C) is a block diagram of fermentation temperature control.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Organic waste fermentation decomposition tank 3 Organic waste input port 5 Stirrer blade 6 Organic waste stirrer 7 Heating device (heater) 8 Air injection pipe 9 Exhaust pipe 10, 19, 29 Power controller 12, 21, 27, 35 thermometer 13, 22, 31, 36 temperature controller 14 moisture supply device 15 blower 17 water tank 18 heating source (heater) 24 moisture detector 25 deodorizing device 26 heater 28 deodorizing catalyst 33 cooling air amount adjusting valve

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kenji Mitsui 2-2-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Shinagawa Kawashiro Brick Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hitoshi Kinoshita Kokancho, Fukuyama City, Hiroshima Prefecture 1 Shinagawa Loco Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Koji Iguchi 1 Kobe-cho, Fukuyama City, Hiroshima Prefecture Shinagawa Loco Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 4D002 AB02 BA05 BA12 BA20 DA51 DA70 4D004 AA01 AA03 BA04 CA48 CB28 CB32 CB36 CB50 CC01 CC02 CC03 CC09 DA01 DA02 DA06 DA08 DA16 4D048 AA22 AB01 AB03 CC38 CC43 DA01 DA02 DA03 DA06

Claims (8)

[Claims] An organic waste treatment apparatus comprising an air supply device, an exhaust device for decomposing organic matter gas, a heating device, a stirring device, and the like attached to a fermentation decomposition tank for fermenting and decomposing organic waste by microorganisms. An organic waste treatment device, wherein a moisture supply device is attached to the fermentation decomposition tank. 2. The moisture supply device according to claim 1, wherein the moisture supply device is a heating type moisture supply device or an ultrasonic vibration type moisture supply device, and is connected to an air supply path of an air supply device attached to the fermentation decomposition tank. Item 2. The organic waste treatment device according to Item 1. 3. The organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a deodorizing device is attached to the fermentation decomposition tank. 4. The organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said deodorizing apparatus is a thermal decomposition type deodorizing apparatus, or a catalyst added to said apparatus, or an ozone decomposition type deodorizing apparatus. 5. The organic waste according to claim 4, wherein the exhaust gas after the deodorization treatment in said thermal decomposition type deodorizing apparatus is used as a heating source for said fermentation decomposition tank and / or said heating type moisture supply apparatus. Processing equipment. 6. A moisture supply device for controlling a moisture setting means, a data input portion of a moisture detector, and a moisture supply amount adjusting means from the moisture supply device based on the data. The organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit having an output unit. 7. The thermal decomposition type deodorizing apparatus has a temperature setting means, a data input section of a temperature detector, and an output for controlling a deodorizing treatment temperature adjusting means of the thermal decomposition type deodorizing apparatus based on the data. The organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising control means having a unit. 8. A temperature setting means and a temperature detector of the fermentation decomposition tank and a moisture setting means of the heating type moisture supply device for utilizing waste heat after the deodorization treatment of the heat decomposition type deodorization apparatus. A control unit having a data input unit by a minute detector, and an output unit for controlling the temperature of the fermentation / decomposition tank based on the data and controlling the amount of moisture supplied to the heated moisture supply apparatus. An organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 5.