JP2000167488A - Lightweight material separator of air classifier - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To smoothly peel lightweight materials by a small quantity of air without the fluctuation in an air intake quantity for classification. SOLUTION: The lightweight materials are separated from the suction air by a rotary screen 61 of a circular truncated cone shape and are rotated around the axial center thereof. The air is ejected over the entire axial length from a pipe 62 in this rotary screen 61 to peel the lightweight materials sticking thereto. If the lightweight materials are separated in the manner described above, there is no fluctuation in the flow area of the rotary screen 61 and the effect of a capturing machine, such as a cyclone, is less adversely affected. The air is ejected over the entire axial length of the rotary screen 61 and, therefore, the ejected air comes into contact with the entire peripheral surface of the rotary screen 61 and the peeling effect is performed over the entire area. Further, the size (cross-sectional area) at which the necessary air sufficient for the peeling can be ejected suffices by virtue of the pipe 62 and the smaller supply air quantity is necessitated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a light-weight separation apparatus provided at an air discharge port of a wind separator for separating waste materials having different specific gravities by their area specific gravities.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
-173908 (Publication 1) and JP-A-8-3092
No. 87 (publication 2) and Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-45659 (publication 3). As shown in FIG. 6, the wind separator described in the publication 1 includes a box-shaped hollow body 4 provided with a waste supply port 2 at one end and an outlet 11 at the other end, and a hollow body 4. The apparatus includes a porous member 5 for vertically partitioning and vibrating means 10 for vibrating the hollow body 4. The porous member 5 has a supply port side substantially half part in the sieve part 5a,
A substantially half portion on the discharge port side is formed in the wind selection section 5c. Also,
A partition wall 6 is provided below the boundary between the sieve section 5a and the air selection section 5c, and a lower part of the air selection section 5c is defined as a compartment 7 for the air selection section, and the compartment 7 is provided with an air supply port 8. ing. The suction hood 9 is provided above the wind selection unit 5c.

[0003] In this wind separator, waste a
Is supplied, the waste a is conveyed to the discharge port 11 side while being vibrated by the vibrating means 10, and among the waste a, fine incombustible substances such as stones and glass fragments are removed by a sieve. 5a
, It is divided into an upper sieve and a lower sieve. Then, the sieved material is collected as incombustible material, and the sieved material is collected by the wind screening unit 5.
c, where the sieved material is subjected to the action of the blast air passing through the air selection unit 5c, and the light-weight material, that is, the plastic sheet or paper floats, is sucked by the suction hood 9, and is subjected to cyclone or the like. Collected by the collector 12. The sieve material from which the lightweight material has been removed is discharged from the discharge port 11. In the discharged waste, a magnetic metal is collected by a magnetic separator 13, aluminum is further collected by an aluminum separator 14, and the rest is collected as combustibles. In the figure,
15 is a blower.

[0004] In this wind separator, lightweight materials such as plastic sheets and papers are collected by a collector such as a cyclone. However, if the lightweight materials such as sheets have a relatively large area, In some cases, the light-weight object may reach from the suction hood 9 to the cyclone 12 and adhere to the inner wall thereof, and it is very difficult to remove the adherence. Further, the sheet-like material may block the opening of the suction hood 9, and if it is blocked, the sorting operation must be stopped.

[0005] As shown in FIG. 7, a wind separator disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2000-216, as shown in FIG.
The chute 23 for heavy loads and the chute 24 for medium heavy loads are provided below the air flow of the nozzle 22. On the other hand, a mesh screen 25 wound in an endless orbit manner is provided above the medium weight chute 24. The screen 25 is wound around a pair of pulleys, and one of the pulleys is outside the range where the air flow of the nozzle 22 collides. In the vicinity of this pulley side end,
A lightweight chute 26 is provided.

In this wind separator, glass bottles having a large specific gravity are collected in a heavy load chute 23, and medium gravity objects are collected in a medium gravity chute 24. On the other hand, the light weight
7, the light object is pressed against the screen 25, and when the light object reaches the light object chute 26, the light object is peeled off from the screen 25 as indicated by an arrow in FIG.

However, in the case of a lightweight article such as a wet newspaper, since the adhesive force to the screen 25 is superior to the gravity, there is a possibility that the lightweight article may remain attached to the screen 25 without peeling off. Further, it may move to the back surface while being attached to the screen 25, where it may be transferred to the collector together with air. If this happens, the function of the wind sorter will be impaired.

All of the above-mentioned wind separators do not have a removing means (peeling means) when a light-weight material such as a sheet adheres to the air outlet (suction hood 9, screen 25) from the inside thereof. However, there is the problem described above.

On the other hand, the wind separator described in Japanese Patent Publication No.
As shown in the figure, a casing 34 provided with chutes 32 and 33 for separately guiding the separated matter of the refuse a supplied by the vibration feeder 31, an inner cylinder 35 inclined and fixed in the casing 34, and a turn around the inner cylinder 35 The outer cylinder 36 that rotates the outer cylinder 36 and the air circulation holes 35a, 36a formed in the entire peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 36 and the half peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 35 overlap each other. A negative pressure zone 37 in the inner cylinder 35 communicates, and a positive pressure zone 38 is formed behind the negative pressure zone.

Therefore, the light-weight object is adsorbed on the surface of the outer cylinder 36 in the negative pressure zone 37, reaches the positive pressure zone 38 by the rotation of the outer cylinder 36, and is separated from the surface of the outer cylinder 36 by the air blown out there. In addition, heavy objects that do not adhere to the outer cylinder 36 slide down on the outer cylinder 36. As described above, since the air is forcibly sent in the positive pressure zone 38, the lightweight object is considered to be surely peeled off. In the figure, reference numeral 39 denotes a cyclone.

[0011]

The wind separator disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. H03-32, 1993, has a function of preventing adhesion of a light-weight object at the air discharge port thereof. Road. For this reason, air is sucked through the air circulation holes 35a, 36a of the inner and outer cylinders 35, 36, and the amount of air intake (flow area) fluctuates depending on the degree of overlap between the holes 35a, 36a, so that the operation of the cyclone 39 is not adversely affected. ing.

The positive pressure zone 38 is located at the outer cylinder 3 facing the positive pressure zone 38.
6, there is a hole 36a in the entire inner surface, so that a large amount of jet air is required to perform sufficient (smooth) peeling,
This has led to an increase in the size of the air supply unit, resulting in an increase in cost. These problems are based on the fact that, in this technology, the inner cylinder 35 serves as a screen, and the outer cylinder 36 is merely a rotating body for peeling off lightweight objects.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to reduce fluctuations in the amount of intake air and to enable smooth separation with a small amount of jet air.

[0014]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention firstly separates a light-weight object from intake air with a screen in the same manner as in the prior art. In order to peel off the light-weight material, the screen is made circular in cross section and rotated around its axis, and air is blown out from the tube inside the screen over the entire length in the axial direction to peel off the attached light-weight material. It was.

With this arrangement, there is no change in the distribution area of the screen, and there is little adverse effect on the operation of the collector such as a cyclone. Further, since the peeling air is jetted over the entire length of the screen in the axial direction, the jetted air hits the entire peripheral surface of the rotating circular screen, and the peeling action is performed over the entire area. Further, because of the pipe, the size (cross-sectional area) that can blow out air necessary and sufficient for peeling may be sufficient, and the amount of supplied air may be small.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention is as follows.
A lightweight separation device provided at an air outlet of a wind separator for sorting waste by its area specific gravity, wherein a cross section having a through hole in the entire periphery between the inside of the wind separator and the air outlet is provided. A circular rotating screen is provided so that the air in the wind separator passes through the perforations around the rotating screen to its outlet, and the rotating screen has an axial direction along its inner peripheral surface. It is possible to adopt a configuration in which an air ejection pipe is provided over the entire length, and the ejected air blows off a lightweight object attached to the outer surface of the rotating screen.

[0017] In this configuration, the air jet tube may be wide in cross section along a predetermined length in the circumferential direction of the rotating screen. By making the width necessary and sufficient for peeling, smooth peeling can be obtained with a minimum amount of air.

Further, if the rotary screen is formed in a conical shape whose diameter is reduced downward, the peeling action becomes smoother (see the embodiment described later).

[0019]

1 to 3 show an embodiment. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 51 denotes a wind separator, and 52 denotes a waste a
Is a rotary sieve body (Trommel) for supplying. One end of the casing 53 of the wind separator 51 is connected to the trommel 52, the upper end of the other end has an air discharge port 54, and the lower part has a heavy substance discharge port 55, a medium heavy substance discharge port 56 and a lightweight substance discharge port 57. An air blowing nozzle 58 is provided below the end of the trommel 52.

The air discharge port 54 is provided with a light-weight separation device 5.
9 is provided, and this lightweight object separating device 59 is provided in FIG.
As shown in the figure, a rotating shaft 60 penetrating through the ceiling of the casing 53, a frusto-conical rotating screen 61 having a circular cross section and rotating integrally with the rotating shaft 60, and a transverse section in the rotating screen 61 The screen 61 is provided with a fan-shaped cylindrical partitioning chamber 62 and the like. The screen 61 is rotated by the motor M via the rotating shaft 60 as shown by the arrow in FIG.

The rotating screen 61 has a disc 6 at its bottom.
3 is provided with an annular plate 64 at the top,
And so on. The disk 63 has a smaller outer diameter than the annular plate, and is fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft 60 with bolts or the like. The partitioning chamber (air ejection pipe) 62 has a fan-shaped cross section, the upper part of which is fixed to the ceiling of the casing 53, the bottom is close to the disk 63, and the one side 66 facing the rotating screen 61. On the side, a plurality of through holes 67 for discharging air are regularly provided in the vertical direction. Reference numeral 68 denotes an air inlet for sending air to a partition chamber 62 provided on the ceiling of the casing 53, and reference numeral 69 denotes a shielding plate protruding from the ceiling of the casing 53 in the vicinity of the lightweight object separating device 59.

This embodiment has the above configuration.
When the separately collected waste a is sent to the trommel 52, the finely broken bottles and the like are transferred to the wind separator 1 while being removed through the trommel sieve.

The waste a from which the cracked bottles and the like have been removed falls from the end of the trommel 52, is blown off by the air b ejected from the air discharge nozzle 58, and is sorted by the difference in specific gravity. Heavy objects such as bottles having a large specific gravity are sent to the heavy object discharge chute 55 closest to the air discharge nozzle 58, and medium-weight objects such as steel cans, aluminum cans and plastic bottles are sent to the next medium heavy object discharge chute 56, paper and film. Are collected in the farthest light-emission discharge chutes 57, respectively. The air passes under the shielding plate 69, passes through the rotating screen 61, and is discharged from the air discharge port 54.
The exhausted air is discharged to the atmosphere by an exhauster after dust and the like are removed by a collector such as a bag filter.

At this time, some light-weight objects do not directly fall on the light-weight discharge chute 57 but go to the air discharge port 54 together with the air.
Attach to 1 and rotate together.

The tip of the light-weight object P which is not accompanied by the rotation is
When approaching the windless zone defined by the partitioning chamber 62 and reaching the position of the through hole 67, air is blown out of the through hole 67. As shown by the chain line in FIG. 65), and the shielding plate 69
, And falls on the light-weight discharge chute 57 below. At this time, since the air b is blocked by the shielding plate 69 and it is difficult to reach the falling path, there is little possibility that the light-weight object P will return to the air discharge port 54 together with the air.

The position and number of the through holes 67 are arbitrary, and a plurality of the through holes 67 can be provided in the circumferential direction. Further, the rotation speed of the rotating screen 61 is appropriately determined by experiments and the like. The rotation direction of the rotating screen 61 may be the reverse of the arrow in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, a centrifugal force N ₁ due to rotation and a gravitational force N ₂ due to its own weight act on the lightweight object P attached to the rotating screen 61, and the resultant force N (N ₁ + N ₂ ).
Is tilted downward. If the blowing force (the direction of the blowing air) is directed in the direction of the resultant force, the light-weight object P is smoothly separated, so that the rotating screen 61 has a downward conical shape or the through-hole 67 faces in that direction. In this case, the peeling effect is high. In addition, since the peeling surface is more easily peeled off on a steep slope, the larger the apex angle of the cone is, the better.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, after a light object is discharged from a main body of a wind separator 51 by a hood 71, a light object P is adsorbed and collected on a rotating screen 61. I have. What provided this hood 71,
As shown in FIG. 5, in the technique of FIG.
, The effect of the present invention can be obtained. The operation of the wind separator of the embodiment shown in FIG.

[0029]

As described above, according to the present invention, stable wind sorting can be performed, the amount of air can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a main part cut away from FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a main part of another embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a conventional example.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a conventional example.

8A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional example, and FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 a Waste (garbage) P Light weight M Screen rotating motor 51 Wind separator 52 Rotating sieve (trommel) 53 Casing 54 Air outlet 55 Heavy outlet 56 Medium heavy outlet 57 Light outlet 58 Air blowout Nozzle 59 Lightweight object separation device 61 Rotating screen 62 Cylindrical partitioning chamber (air ejection pipe) 65 Screen wire mesh 67 Through hole 68 Air inlet 71 Hood

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A light-weight separation device 59 provided at an air discharge port 54 of a wind separator 51 for sorting waste a according to its area specific gravity, wherein the inside of the wind separator 51 and the air discharge port 54 are separated. A rotary screen 61 having a circular cross section having a through hole in the entire periphery is provided between the rotary screen 61 so that the air in the wind separator 51 reaches the discharge port 54 through the through hole around the rotary screen 61. And, inside the rotating screen 61, an air ejection pipe 62 is provided along the inner peripheral surface of the rotating screen 61 over the entire length in the axial direction, and the ejected air blows off the light-weight material P attached to the outer surface of the rotating screen 61. Features A lightweight separator for wind separators. 2. The air ejection pipe 62 is provided with a rotating screen 6.
The light-weight object separating device for a wind separator according to claim 1, wherein the device has a wide cross-sectional width along a predetermined length in the circumferential direction. 3. The light-weight separating apparatus for a wind separator according to claim 1, wherein the rotary screen 61 has a conical shape whose diameter is reduced downward.