JP2000157046A - Tree planting method for floor of construct having impermeable layer, and its greening structure and floor structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tree planting method and a greening structure in which greening in every house in urban type apartments is simply and easily carried out, plants can be grown even by watering alone in the morning in midsummer and life space making us feel relaxed can be created, and also to provide a floor structure where a floor surface is simply transformed into a wooden deck. SOLUTION: This tree planting method and greening structure are formed as follows: (1) laying nonwoven fabric 10 between a floor surface 1 made of concrete and planting soil 12 so as to prevent earth and sand from flowing out; (2) wrapping a chemical fiber material 8 around a rising water discharge pipe 3; (3) laying adjust panels 11 horizontally so as to prevent the compaction of planting soil 12 even when the soil 12 is thin; (4) mixing the soil 12 with a temperature-sensitive soil humectant 121 inside the soil 12 so as for plants 13 to be planted in a state that soil temperature can be adjusted. This floor structure can have wooden boards placed on the adjust panels 11 so as to be able to be transformed into a wooden deck.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a greening method for a floor surface of a structure having an impermeable layer such as concrete or asphalt, particularly a concrete floor surface such as a balcony or a roof, and the structure and floor surface. Regarding the structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, a greening plan in an urban space is systematically maintained on a park street or the like, while a high-rise house or the like in an urban space feels the moisture of green. It cannot be said that the urban space is formed as it is, and there are many tasteless and dry artificial spaces in the surrounding living environment, and it is considered that the living environment can hardly be preserved by greening. . Especially in urban houses, many buildings are mainly made of reinforced concrete, and concrete is often exposed in balconies, etc., and greening is seen only in a small portion of buildings. There is no present.
In some of these buildings, greening is mostly done on the roof. In this rooftop greening method, in order to perform greening in advance, in consideration of the loading weight of soil etc., it is reinforced so as to increase the strength compared to the conventional one, and the rooftop floor has a well drained structure Let it be formed. And planting soil mixed with aggregate, corroded soil, etc. is directly put on the floor, but generally people do not walk inside the place where plants are planted, In many cases, landscaping was often done by securing a walkway for people to walk. In addition, when planting lawns so that they can walk on them, the soil is compacted and hardened each time it is walked, preventing the grass from growing and becoming easy to wither, and the soil temperature rising too much in summer. Currently, planting soil is placed on the floor at least 30 cm in order to prevent turf burning.

[0003]

However, the greenery obtained by planting a lawn or other plant on the roof has an extremely large load on the roof, so it has been difficult to green the general building. . In addition, when greening the floor surface of a balcony or the like, since the balcony or the like is mostly supported by a cantilever, it is difficult in terms of strength to apply a large load by laying the soil thickly. Even if lawns and flowers are planted with a thin layer of soil, water retention (water management), which requires frequent hydration and planting care, occurs, and soil compaction and soil temperature rise too much. Problems such as turf burning and root scorching of the flowers are likely to occur, and there is no such thing as greening of ordinary buildings by injecting soil into the entire floor surface of a balcony or the like. For this reason, it is common to enjoy greenery by planting plants such as flowers and shrubs in a container such as a flower pot on the floor of a balcony or the like. However, there is a risk that the flower pot will fall due to the weather and be damaged, or it may fall and hit a pedestrian. Therefore,
At present, there is a lack of green space in high-rise apartment buildings.

According to the present invention, greening can be easily performed for each house in an urban-type apartment house, etc., and even in the middle of summer, plants can be sufficiently grown only by watering in the morning, so that there is moisture due to greening. An object of the present invention is to provide a greening method and a greening structure for a floor surface of a structure having an impermeable layer that can contribute to the creation of a living space and a living environment maintenance.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a floor structure of a structure having a water-impermeable layer in which the floor surface can be easily manufactured on a wooden deck and can be easily switched to a greening structure for each house.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems.
The floor surface of a structure such as a floor is formed on a floor with a well-drained slope, and a non-woven fabric is laid between the floor surface and the planting soil to perform a process that does not flow out even if the soil is fine. At the same time, a similar treatment is performed around the rising drain pipe, and an adjust panel is installed horizontally to prevent consolidation even if the planting soil is thin, and a soil water retaining agent such as temperature sensitivity is mixed inside. A greening method and a greening structure in which plants such as lawns are planted in a state where the temperature in the soil is adjustable. Alternatively, a floor surface structure may be adopted in which an adjust panel is laid horizontally without placing planting soil on the floor surface, and a wooden board is placed on the lattice-like adjust panel to form a wooden deck.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a greening step according to the present invention. First, a) the preparation step will be described. First, it is confirmed that there is no water leakage from the floor (1) and the rising (2) surface of the balcony in each house of the concrete building. At this time, the floor surface (1) is provided with a gradient to make the drainage good. Next, confirm that the handrail height, which is the building standard, is at least 1,100 mm from the planned finish height. Thereafter, a rising (2) having waterproofness is provided around the entire floor (1) so that water, plant roots and the like do not enter other compartments. Also, a chemical fiber material (8) that allows only gas and liquid to pass through is attached to the rising drain pipe (3) so as not to cause clogging with earth and sand, and a water permeable layer (9) is provided around the chemical fiber material (8). Prevent intrusion. Further floor (1)
In addition, make sure that soil and sand do not come into direct contact with plants (1
In order to prevent the root of 3) from entering the floor surface (1), a nonwoven fabric (10) is laid (see FIG. 1 (a)). Note that the water permeable layer (9) is not necessarily provided.

Next, the step of laying the adjustment panel will be described. First, adjust the adjustment panel (1) on the floor (1) where preparation has been completed to prevent consolidation of earth and sand due to walking.
Lay while placing 1) [see FIG. 1 (b)]. Next, adjust the adjustment screw (112a) using a tool from above so that the top of the adjustment panel (11) is at least 10 cm and horizontal.
Is rotated to adjust the height [see FIG. 1 (c)], the adjustment screw (112a) is fixed with an adhesive, and finally, it is confirmed that the adjustment panel (11) has no backlash. At this time, the structure of the adjust panel (11) is a plastic panel body (11) partitioned in a grid as shown in FIGS.
1) and an adjusting member (112) provided at the four corners and an intermediate portion of the panel body (111).
12) has an adjusting screw (112a) and a leg (112b) (see FIG. 6).

[0009] Thereafter, (c) a step of putting planting soil is performed, which will be described in detail. Planting soil (1) prepared and kneaded with artificial aggregate, corroded soil, soil water retention agent (121), etc. in advance at the factory
Prepare 2), put the planting soil (12) on the floor (1), and put it so that the planting soil (12) is covered about 2 cm above the adjustment panel (11). [See FIG. 1 (d)], lightly compacted, and spread evenly. At this time, the planting soil (12) needs ventilation, drainage, and water retention.
Mix and knead corrosive soil, soil water retention agent (121), etc. and use specially lightened planting soil (12) and soil water retention agent (12).
1) uses "Samogel" manufactured by Kojin Co., Ltd., which was developed as a water retention agent for slope greening soil. This thermogel can contain 150% moisture and can be evaporated by temperature in the range of 25 ° C to 65 ° C, but the thermogel used in the present invention has a temperature of 25 ° C, 35 ° C, and 45 ° C. It is good to mix three types of temperature-sensitive materials, but other 50 ° C., 60 ° C., 65 ° C., etc. may be mixed depending on the conditions such as the place. In determining the temperature range, a formulation based on the data is made. The thermogel evaporates the contained water when the temperature of the planting soil (12) rises due to sunlight or the like,
The heat of vaporization makes it possible to prevent the temperature inside the planting soil (12) from rising. At this time, in order to provide a well-drained floor on the floor surface (1), the planting soil (12) is to be kept water-retentive only with thermogel so that root rot etc. do not occur. Is considered.

Finally, d) an implantation step is performed. At this time,
A plant (13) such as a lawn is planted on the flat planting soil (12) (see FIG. 1 (e)), and after planting, rooting is confirmed while controlling watering. The rooting is completely performed [Fig.
(Refer to (f)]. After the breeding is confirmed, it is preferable to step on by a person. Through the above steps, the floor (1) of the building such as concrete or asphalt, in particular, the concrete floor (1) such as balcony or rooftop is greened. Plants (13) such as lawns that have been greened in this way can be planted with sunlight or the like by using thermogel, which is a soil water retention agent (121) in the planted soil (12). Each time the internal temperature rises and the temperature rises to the temperature-sensitive point, that is, 25 ° C., 35 ° C., 45 ° C., etc., the water contained in each thermogel is evaporated and the planting soil (12) is heated by vaporization heat. This prevents the temperature of the plants from rising and prevents the roots of plants (13) such as lawn burning and flowering plants from dying. The plant (13) is rehydrated by infiltrating the water contained in the thermogel of the planting soil (12), and by watering several times a week,
Tests have confirmed that root rot and withering due to lack of water are also prevented and growth is easy. Even if the soil is thinned, the adjustment panel (11) can prevent the clumping of the soil even when a person walks on the lawn or other plant (13), and the test shows that the plant (13) can grow. Has been confirmed.

FIG. 2 is a view showing an embodiment of a main structure of a green floor according to the present invention in which a lawn is planted. The embodiment will be described based on this and also with reference to FIG. (1) is a concrete impermeable layer and a floor surface of a structure provided with a gradient, which may be the same as the conventional one. (2) is a rising that has waterproof properties, which is provided around the entire floor (1), and is provided so that water does not infiltrate other compartments and planting roots do not invade others. ing. (3) is a rising drain pipe protruding from the floor (1). (4) is a drainage ditch,
(5) is a handrail wall, (6) is a shoe slide, (7) is an opening / closing door, and the drain groove (4), the handrail wall (5), the shoe slide (6),
The opening and closing door (7) may be the same as the conventional one. (8) is a chemical fiber material attached to the rising drain pipe (3) so that only water can pass therethrough so as not to cause clogging with earth and sand, and (9) is a rising drain pipe to prevent intrusion of soil and the like. A permeable layer provided around (3). The inventor of the present invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-148465 as the permeable layer (9).
If the substantially spherical fired sludge material proposed in the above item is made of a fibrous adhesive material and is composed of two layers, a lower layer part and an upper layer part having different particle sizes, the effect will be further enhanced.

[0012] (10) is a nonwoven fabric laid on the floor (1) so that the earth and sand do not come into direct contact with the floor (1). Also prevents the air from entering the floor (1). (11) is a plastic adjustment panel laid horizontally to prevent consolidation of the planting soil (12). The adjustment panel (11) has a grid-shaped and frame-shaped panel. A main body (111) and adjusting members (112) provided at four corners and intermediate portions of the panel main body (112)
(See FIGS. 4 and 5), and the adjusting member (11
2) includes an adjusting screw (112a) and a leg (112b) provided on the panel body (111) side (see FIG. 6). (12) is a planting soil which has been specially reduced in weight by previously mixing and kneading artificial aggregate, corroded soil, soil water retaining agent (121), etc. in a factory. The thermogel is used as the soil water retaining material (121). This thermogel considers the permeability and impermeability of the soil and gives particular importance to water retention. It is advisable to add a mixing ratio of about 100 g / m ² to the soil. 12) is formulated at the factory. The planting soil (12) is 10cm to 15cm from the floor (1).
It is laid in a thickness of 1 cm, with an average thickness of 12.5 cm,
The specific gravity of the planted soil (12) is 1.2, but the specific gravity is 1.6.
The ones before and after can be used. The planting soil (12) has an adjust panel (11) buried and covers the upper part by about 2 cm. The load of the present invention is reduced to about 150 kg / m ² , which is 30 to 40% lighter than the conventional one. (13) is a plant such as a lawn or a flower planted on the planting soil (12).

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the floor structure of the present invention in which the floor surface is constituted by a wooden deck. Compared with FIG. 2, the floor surface (1), the drain groove (4), the handrail wall ( 5), Kutsuzuri (6), and opening / closing door (7) may be the same as above, but rising (2), rising drain pipe (3), chemical fiber material (8),
Permeable layer (9), non-woven fabric (10), planted soil (12), plant (1
3) is unnecessary. In addition, a dedicated panel body (111) of the adjustment panel (11) is used, and a wooden board (14) to be mounted on the upper surface thereof is prepared. When constructing this floor structure, unlike the above, on the floor (1), a frame-shaped panel body (111) which is partitioned into a lattice and into which a wooden board (14) can be fitted, and its height. A wooden deck can be easily built simply by arranging a number of adjustment panels (11) consisting of adjustment members (112) to be adjusted and laying them horizontally, and then inserting and fixing wooden boards (14) on them. Can be completed on a balcony or rooftop. Further, when the wooden deck becomes tired and the floor surface (1) is greened, it is possible to easily switch by removing the wooden board (14) and adopting a structure similar to that of FIG.

[0014]

The present invention having the above-described structure has the following effects.

The nonwoven fabric (10) is laid between the floor (1) and the planting soil (12) on the floor (1) of a structure such as a concrete as described in claim 1 to obtain a fine structure. Adjustment panel (11) to prevent the consolidation even if the soil is not thin, and perform the same treatment around the rising drain pipe (3) even if the soil is thin. Is spread horizontally and the soil water retention agent (121) is mixed inside, the water contained in the soil water retention agent (121) gradually penetrates into the soil to supply water and evaporate the water. At this time, since the heat of vaporization is taken from the surroundings, the temperature in the soil can be prevented from rising. Next, by planting lawns and other plants (13), and then implementing a greening method to check rooting while managing watering, it is possible to easily plant trees in each apartment in a multi-family apartment and to enjoy a busy life. Even if it is inside, there is no need for planting care as frequently as in the past, and the degree of watering may be around once a week, and it is possible to grow enough once every morning even in the middle of summer. In particular, by applying greening to the floor (1) of a balcony or the like according to the method of the present invention to the environment of a multistory house or the like in an urban space, it is possible to view the greenery such as lawn while living in a living room. It becomes possible, and also plants such as lawns and flowers on the balcony side of apartments (13)
It is possible to enjoy gardening by implanting, and it is easy to green the roof, etc., and a space with moisture is easily appeared and the living space in the house is enriched, and the life with greenery is full of life It can contribute to the creation of space, maintenance of living environment, etc.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the adjusting panel laying step, after the adjusting panel (11) secures a predetermined height and adjusts the height so that the whole is horizontal, the adjusting member (112) is adjusted. ) Fixing the adjustment screw (112a) with adhesive and confirming that there is no play on the adjustment panel (11) makes it possible to prevent consolidation forever even if the planting soil (12) is thin. At the same time, the surface level can be maintained for a long time.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a floor surface (1) of a structure is provided.
(10), a panel body (111) partitioned in a lattice shape to be laid horizontally on a large number of nonwoven fabrics (10), and an adjusting member for adjusting the height thereof (112), a planting soil (12) buried with the adjusting panel (11) and covering the upper part thereof, and a soil water retaining agent at least mixed with the planting soil (12) ( 121) and plants (13) such as lawns and flowers planted on planting soil (12), so that rooftops and balconies of high-rise apartments can be built without special reinforcement of building strength. Greening on the floor (1) such as can be easily performed,
It is possible to look at the greenery on the lawn or the like while sitting in the living room, or to garden on the floor (1) of the balcony, creating a living space with ample greenery and improving the living environment. Can contribute to Also, since the load of a person is transmitted directly to a structure such as a concrete on the floor surface (1) through the adjusting panel (11), the planting soil (12)
It is possible to walk even if it is thin, there is no soil compaction, and by planting plants (13) such as lawns and flowers, a whole green garden is completed.

A rising (2) is provided around the floor (1), a chemical fiber material (8) for preventing clogging is attached to the rising drain pipe (3), and water is circulated therearound. By providing the layer (9), there is no need to worry about water infiltration or planting roots invading other compartments such as the adjacent garden, and the rising drain pipe (3) is not clogged with sediment. The drainage is performed smoothly without causing the intrusion, and the outflow of intrusion such as earth and sand can be prevented.

The soil water retention agent (121) mixed with the planting soil (12) according to claim 5 is thermosensitive and has a temperature of 25 ° C., 35 ° C.,
If a temperature-sensitive material such as 45 ° C. is used, even if the temperature of the planting soil (12) rises due to sunlight or the like, the water contained in the soil water retention agent (121) is evaporated and heat is generated by heat of vaporization. Since deprivation, the temperature rise of the planting soil (12) is prevented, so that the roots of the plants (13) such as lawn burns and flowers can be prevented from dying and root rot can be prevented.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the planting soil (12) has a laying thickness of 10 cm to 15 cm, and covers the planting soil (12) up to about 2 cm above the adjustment panel (11). 1
By blending the specific gravity of 2) in the range of 1.2 to 1.6, the present invention can reduce the amount of planting soil (12) to about 1/3 that of the conventional one, and the loading load is 150 kg / Since it is reduced to about ² m2, if existing greenhouses are renovated without reinforcement, greening can be easily achieved.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, on the floor surface (1),
A large number of adjustment panels (11) including a panel body (111) partitioned in a grid and an adjustment member (112) for adjusting the height thereof are arranged and laid horizontally, and a wooden board is placed on the upper surface of the panel body (111). By adopting a configuration in which (14) is placed and fixed, the floor surface (1) of the wooden deck can be easily formed. In addition, if the wooden board (14) is removed, the planting soil (12) is put in, and a plant (13) such as lawn is planted, the greening structure can be easily obtained, and the switching between the wood deck and the greening structure can be easily performed. It becomes.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the steps of the method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a main structure of a greening floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part structure of the wood deck of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of an adjustment panel used in the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a front view of an adjustment panel used in the present embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an adjustment member used in the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Floor surface 2 Rise 3 Rise drain pipe 8 Chemical fiber material 9 Permeable layer 10 Nonwoven fabric 11 Adjust panel 111 Panel body 112 Adjustment member 112a Adjustment screw 12 Planting soil 121 Soil water retention agent 13 Plant 14 Wood board

Claims (7)

[Claims] The floor of a structure such as concrete (1)
In (a), the rising (2) is provided around the floor (1),
A chemical fiber material (8) for preventing clogging with earth and sand is attached to the rising drain pipe (3), and a non-woven fabric (1) is attached to the floor surface (1).
0) Preparatory preparation step to lay. B) A large number of adjustment panels (11) having a frame-shaped panel body (111) partitioned in a grid and an adjustment member (112) for adjusting the height of the panel body (111) are provided on the floor surface (1) that has been prepared. An adjusting panel laying process in which the adjusting panel (11) is arranged and adjusted so that the adjusting panel (11) has a predetermined height and is horizontal. C) Artificial aggregate, corroded soil, soil water retention agent in advance at the factory (121)
Prepare the planting soil (12) prepared by mixing and kneading, etc., put the planting soil (12) on the floor (1), and plant the planting soil (2) up to about 2 cm above the adjustment panel (11). The planting soil is put in so that it is covered so that it is covered, and the compaction is performed lightly to spread the planting soil evenly. D) A step of planting a lawn or other plant (13) in the planting soil (12), and after planting, checking the rooting while controlling watering to plant a lawn or other plant. A greening method for a floor surface of a structure having an impermeable layer comprising the above steps. 2. In the step of laying the adjustment panel, the adjustment panel (11) secures a predetermined height and adjusts the height so that the whole is horizontal, and then adjusts the adjustment member (112). The method for greening a floor surface of a structure having an impermeable layer according to claim 1, wherein the screw (112a) is fixed with an adhesive, and that the adjusting panel (11) has no looseness. 3. A nonwoven fabric (10) laid on a floor (1) of a structure provided with a gradient by an impermeable layer, and the nonwoven fabric (1)
An adjustment panel (11) including a frame-shaped panel body (111) partitioned in a lattice shape for arranging a large number of pieces on a horizontal plane and laying horizontally, and an adjustment member (112) for adjusting the height thereof. And a planting soil (12) burying an adjusting panel (11) and covering an upper portion thereof, a soil water retention agent (121) mixed at least with the planting soil (12), and the planting soil (12) A greening structure for a floor of a structure having an impermeable layer, comprising a plant (13) such as a lawn or a flower planted in a garden. 4. A rising (2) is provided around the floor (1), a chemical fiber material (8) for preventing clogging is attached to a rising drain pipe (3), and a water permeable layer (9) around the same. 4. A greening structure for a floor surface of a structure having an impermeable layer according to claim 3, further comprising: 5. The soil water retention agent (121) mixed with the planted soil (12) has a temperature sensitivity and a temperature of 25 ° C., 35 ° C., 4 ° C.
The greening structure for a floor surface of a structure having a water-impermeable layer according to claim 3, wherein a mixture having a temperature of 5 ° C or the like is used. 6. The laying thickness of the planting soil (12) is 10
The planting soil (12) is covered up to about 2 cm above the adjustment panel (11) at a height of 15 cm to 15 cm, and the specific gravity of the planting soil (12) is 1.2 to 1.6. A greening structure for a floor surface of a structure having the water-impermeable layer described in the above. 7. A panel body (111) partitioned in a grid on a floor (1) of a structure provided with a gradient by an impermeable layer.
A plurality of adjustment panels (11) each comprising an adjustment member (112) for adjusting the height thereof are arranged and laid horizontally, and a wooden board (14) is placed and fixed on the upper surface of the panel body (111). A floor structure of a structure having a water-impermeable layer, characterized by comprising: