JP2000146132A - Incineration ash volume reduction system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for reducing the volume of incineration ash by burning it efficiently. SOLUTION: Volume of incineration ash is reduced by burning it on the furnace bed 6 in a combustion chamber 2 formed by combining a stainless steel honeycomb body 15 and a stainless steel whisker 16 in two layers. Volume of incineration ash is reduced significantly by dropping it gradually through the gap between the hot heat honeycomb body 15 and whisker 16 thereby accelerating combustion of unburnt components.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an incineration ash volume reduction apparatus for burning incineration ash discharged at the time of incineration of waste or the like to reduce its volume.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The incineration ash that is discharged when incinerating waste in an incinerator or the like is partly thrown into a coke oven or the like for treatment. Has been dumped at landfills such as landfills and landfills. Normally, the amount of incinerated ash reaches about 10 to 20% of the amount of input waste, and securing a disposal site for such a large amount of incinerated ash has become a major social issue in recent years.

[0003] Further, most of the incinerated ash is unburned components, and since these unburned components also contain highly toxic dioxins, rivers and soil due to the outflow of dioxins from the discarded incinerated ash. Pollution is also a major environmental problem.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an incineration ash volume reduction processing apparatus capable of efficiently burning incineration ash to reduce its volume.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an apparatus for reducing incineration ash volume according to the present invention comprises a hopper into which incineration ash is charged, and a combustion chamber for burning incineration ash sent from the hopper. A flue connected to a smoke outlet of the combustion chamber, and the hearth of the combustion chamber is made of a mesh, a honeycomb, a fiber, a whisker or a porous member made of a refractory metal or ceramic, or The structure formed by combining two or more of these members was adopted.

That is, by forming the hearth from a heat-resistant metal or ceramic member having a large surface area with a mesh-shaped or honeycomb-shaped gap, the incinerated ash that is burned on the hearth and reduced in volume can be burned. As it gradually drops from the gap between these red-heated members and in contact with these red-heated members, the combustion of unburned components of the incinerated ash is further promoted, and the volume of the incinerated ash can be significantly reduced. is there.

A metal wire having heat resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance is meshed, three-dimensionally meshed, or a combination thereof in the upper part of the combustion chamber or in the flue near the combustion chamber. By providing a filter made of such a metal wire, these metal wires can be glowed red by a high-temperature combustion flame, the combustion temperature can be stably maintained at a high temperature, and the generation of dioxins can be prevented. As the metal wire having the heat resistance and the high-temperature oxidation resistance, a Kanthal wire or the like can be used.

The smoke outlet of the combustion chamber is formed of a mesh, honeycomb, fiber, whisker or porous member made of a heat-resistant metal or ceramic, or a combination of two or more of these members. By providing such a filter, these members are red-heated by combustion heat to promote the combustion of unburned gas in the flue gas, increase the residence time of the combustion gas in the combustion chamber, and reduce the generation of dioxins. It also has the effect of preventing.

A secondary combustion burner is disposed in the middle of the flue, and a fine porous filter made of sintered alumina is provided on the flue outlet side adjacent to the secondary combustion burner. By providing a means for making the outlet side a negative pressure, while unburned components in the smoke exhaust gas are secondarily burned,
Fly ash contained in flue gas is captured by a microporous filter,
By burning these fly ash with the heat of secondary combustion, fly ash in the exhaust gas can be significantly reduced. Even if the exhaust gas does not contain dioxins, there are precursors similar to those, and these precursors are cooled down to around 300 ° C using copper chloride or iron chloride in fly ash as a catalyst. It is known that the amount of dioxins is changed to dioxins. If fly ash is reduced, generation of dioxins in the cooling process can be suppressed.

The reason why the microporous filter is made of sintered alumina is that sintered alumina has excellent heat resistance and chemical resistance, and does not cause a chemical reaction with components in fly ash even at high temperatures. . Further, the means for providing a negative pressure on the flue outlet side of the microporous filter is provided in order to ensure the ventilation of the exhaust gas to the microporous filter having a very small gap.

A metal wire having heat resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance is meshed or three-dimensionally meshed near the secondary combustion burner and closer to the flue inlet than the microporous filter. By providing a filter formed of the above-mentioned or a combination thereof, similarly to the filter at the upper part of the combustion chamber, these metal wires are glowed by secondary combustion heat to stabilize the secondary combustion temperature. High temperature.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. This incineration ash volume reduction processing apparatus is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, a hopper 1 into which incineration ash is charged, a combustion chamber 2 for burning the incineration ash sent from the hopper 1, and a flue 3 connected to a top smoke outlet of the combustion chamber 2 are basically provided. At the bottom of the hopper 1, a screw type powder feeder 4 for feeding incinerated ash into the combustion chamber 2 is attached, and a secondary combustion zone 5 is provided in the middle of the flue 3.

The combustion chamber 2 has a combustion burner 7 mounted directly above the hearth 6, and a preheating burner 8 below the hearth 6.
And an air blowing port 9 are provided. On the upper part of the combustion chamber 2, a Kanthal filter 11 having a three-dimensional mesh formed by arranging spiral coils 10 of Kanthal wires in three layers orthogonally.
Is provided. The Kanthal filter 11 red-heats with a high-temperature combustion flame, stably maintains the combustion temperature at a high temperature, and serves to prevent the generation of dioxins. The combustion chamber 2 is also provided with a temperature sensor 12, a furnace pressure measurement hole 13, and a viewing window 14.

As shown in an enlarged scale in FIG. 2, the hearth 6 has a honeycomb body 15 made of stainless steel and a stainless steel whisker 16 mounted on the honeycomb body 15 entangled with the honeycomb body 15. It has a layer structure. These honeycomb bodies 1
The whiskers 5 and the whiskers 16 glow red by the heat of combustion to heat the air supplied from under the hearth 6 and gradually reduce the incinerated ash burned and reduced on the hearth 6 from the high-temperature gap. Drop it to further promote the burning of unburned components of incineration ash,
The volume of incinerated ash is significantly reduced. The whiskers 16 are obtained by using, as well as whiskers 18 to be described later, cut pieces that are produced at the time of cutting work as waste.

At the entrance of the flue 3, similarly to the hearth 6, a filter having a two-layer structure of a stainless steel honeycomb body 17 and a stainless steel whisker 18 entangled with many whiskers 18. 19 are provided. The filter 19 red-heats by the combustion heat to promote the combustion of the unburned gas in the flue gas, increase the residence time of the combustion gas in the combustion chamber 2, and prevent the generation of dioxins.
The flue 3 is also provided with a temperature sensor 20 and a viewing window 21. The outlet of the flue 3 is connected to a duct 22 so that high-temperature exhaust gas is supplied to a separately installed incinerator (not shown). Has become.

In the secondary combustion zone 5, a secondary combustion burner 23 is provided.
A kanthal filter 25 having a three-dimensional mesh formed by arranging helical coils 24 of kanthal wires orthogonally in two layers is attached to the entrance side. Like the Kanthal filter 11 of the combustion chamber 2, the Kanthal filter 25 glows red by the heat of the secondary combustion, and plays a role of stably maintaining the secondary combustion temperature at a high temperature.

An alumina filter 26 obtained by sintering alumina in a plate shape is attached to the outlet side of the secondary combustion zone 5. An air suction port 2 is provided on the back side of the alumina filter 26.
A vacuum pump (not shown) is connected to the air suction port 27. This alumina filter 26 has fine gaps of micron units, captures fly ash contained in flue gas, burns these fly ash with secondary combustion heat, and greatly reduces fly ash in exhaust gas. Play a role. The vacuum pump and the air suction port 27 are for ensuring ventilation of the alumina filter 26 through a very small gap.

In the embodiment described above, the hearth is one stage, but a plurality of hearths may be provided above and below. Also,
The hearth and the filter at the flue inlet are made of a combination of stainless steel honeycomb and whiskers in two layers. Can also be formed. Of course, a combination of these can also be used.

Further, as for the Kanthal filter provided in the combustion chamber and the secondary combustion zone, in addition to the embodiment using the spiral coil, a planar mesh plate, a metal wire knitted in a three-dimensional lattice shape, a wavy shape. It is possible to adopt various forms, such as three-dimensional braided bent metal wire, and also a combination of these, and as the material, in addition to Kanthal wire, heat resistance such as platinum wire, A metal wire having high temperature oxidation resistance can be used.

[0020]

As described above, in the incineration ash volume reduction treatment apparatus of the present invention, the hearth of the combustion chamber is formed of a heat-resistant metal or ceramic member having a large surface area with a mesh-shaped or honeycomb-shaped gap. As a result, the incinerated ash that is burned and reduced in volume on the hearth gradually drops from the hot gap between these red-heated members, promoting the combustion of the unburned components and significantly reducing the volume of the incinerated ash. be able to.

Further, since a filter formed of a metal wire having heat resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance is provided at the upper part of the combustion chamber,
Since the combustion gas can be stably held at a high temperature and a filter having the same structure as the hearth is provided at the smoke outlet of the combustion chamber, the high-temperature combustion gas is retained in the combustion chamber, and the generation of dioxins is reduced. Can be prevented.

Further, a secondary combustion burner is disposed in the middle of the flue, and a sintered alumina microporous filter is provided on the flue outlet side adjacent to the secondary combustion burner. Fly ash is captured by this filter, and the fly ash is burned with the heat of secondary combustion to greatly reduce the fly ash in the exhaust gas and suppress the generation of dioxins from precursor substances in the exhaust gas. it can.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of an incineration ash volume reduction processing apparatus.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the hearth of FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hopper 2 Combustion chamber 3 Flue 4 Powder feeder 5 Secondary combustion zone 6 Hearth 7 Combustion burner 8 Preheating burner 9 Vent port 10 Spiral coil 11 Kanthal filter 12 Temperature sensor 13 Furnace pressure measurement hole 14 Viewing window 15 Honeycomb Body 16 Whisker 17 Honeycomb body 18 Whisker 19 Filter 20 Temperature sensor 21 Viewing window 22 Duct 23 Secondary combustion burner 24 Spiral coil 25 Kanthal filter 26 Alumina filter 27 Air suction port

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification FI FI Theme Court ゛ (Reference) F23G 5/44 ZAB F23G 5/44 ZABB (72) Inventor Masuda Takeda 5-9-113 Tenjin, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka City No. 6F F-term in INNO ENVIRO TECHNO CO., LTD. (Reference) 3K062 AA18 AB01 AC03 EA01 EB05 EB07 EB12 EB33 EB45 EB46 EB48 EB53 3K065 AA18 AB01 AC03 EA06 EA15 EA23 3K078 BA03 BA26 CA02 CA04 CA09 A24 CC03 DD09

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A hopper into which incinerated ash is charged, a combustion chamber for burning the incinerated ash sent from the hopper, and a flue connected to a smoke outlet of the combustion chamber. An incineration ash volume reduction apparatus formed of any one of a mesh shape, a honeycomb shape, a fiber shape, a whisker shape, or a porous member made of a heat-resistant metal or ceramic, or a combination of two or more of these members. 2. A metal wire having heat resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance in the form of a mesh or a three-dimensional mesh in the flue near the combustion chamber or above the combustion chamber, or these. The incineration ash volume reduction processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a filter formed by combining the above. 3. A smoke exhaust port of the combustion chamber, which is a mesh, honeycomb, fiber, whisker or porous member made of a heat-resistant metal or ceramic, or a combination of two or more of these members. The incineration ash volume reduction processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a filter formed by: 4. A secondary combustion burner is arranged in the middle of the flue, and a microporous filter made of sintered alumina is provided on the flue outlet side close to the secondary combustion burner. 4. The incineration ash volume reduction processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for reducing the pressure of the flue outlet side to a negative pressure. 5. A metal wire having heat resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance formed in a mesh shape or three-dimensionally in close proximity to the secondary combustion burner and closer to the flue inlet than the microporous filter. 5. A filter formed of a mesh or a combination thereof is provided.
The incineration ash volume reduction treatment device according to 1.