JP2000145931A - Lubrication mechanism for synchronizing device of gear transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simply structured lubrication mechanism capable of supplying the sufficient quantity of lubricating oil to the sliding portion of a synchronizing device of a manual transmission without changing the basic structure of the synchronizing device. SOLUTION: A lubrication mechanism is provided with a gear 2 and a hub sleeve 5 provided to be relatively and synchronously rotatable, engaging/ disengaging means 6, 7 and 8 provided so as to slide between the gear 2 and the hub sleeve 5 and synchronize or release synchronization between these, and an oil path 9 formed in the gear 2. The oil path 9 is opened in the backside of the gear 2 and in the front side of the gear 2 facing the sliding portion of the engaging/disengaging means (backside opening 9a, and front side opening 9b), and extended in the rotational tangential direction of the gear 2 as it moves from the backside to the front side. Lubricating oil is easily received in the backside opening 9a of the oil path 9, the received lubricating oil smoothly flows, and the quantities of lubricating oil supplied to the engaging/disengaging means 6, 7 and 8 are increased.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lubrication mechanism for a synchronizing device, and more particularly to a lubrication mechanism for lubricating a sliding portion of a synchronizing device of a gear transmission, particularly a manual transmission.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A synchronizer for a manual transmission includes a gear and a synchronizer ring (hereinafter, referred to as "SN") that generate a relative rotation difference.
R ”). In recent years, as the engine speed has increased, the relative rotation difference between the gear and the SNR mechanism has increased, and as a result, various problems such as occurrence of seizure tend to increase. For this reason, how to secure the amount of lubricating oil on the sliding surface (cone surface) of the SNR mechanism has been an issue.

Conventionally, the following types of oil passage configurations have been proposed for lubricating sliding portions of a synchronization device of a manual transmission. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an oil passage configuration according to a first conventional example, and FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an oil passage configuration according to a second conventional example.

[0004] Referring to FIG. 4, in the oil passage configuration according to the first conventional example, lubricating oil scattered outside the output shaft 101 causes outer rings 106, which slide between each other between the gear 102 and the hub sleeve 105, It is mainly supplied to each of the cone surfaces of the synchro cone 107 and the inner ring 108 through the following route; (1) An opening is provided at the back of the gear 102 to introduce lubricating oil scattered outside the output shaft 101; To shaft 101
An oil passage 109 formed inside and inclined inward from the outside in the radial direction → (2) Gear 102 and needle bearing 1
03 → (3) Gap between gear 102 and hub clutch 104 → (4) Each cone surface.

Referring to FIG. 5, in a second conventional oil passage configuration, a hollow shaft 111 having an axial oil passage 111a formed on a central axis and an oil pump (not shown) are provided. The lubricating oil pumped by the oil pump is supplied to the outer ring 106, the synchro cone 107, and the inner ring 108, which slide between the gear 112 and the hub sleeve 105, through the following paths; (1) Axial oil passage 111a in output shaft 111 → (2) Radial oil passage 111b in output shaft 111 → (3) Gap between gear 112 and needle bearing 103 → (4) Gear 112 and hub clutch 1
Gap between 04 → (5) Each cone surface.

[0006] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-63251 discloses that
In a synchronizing device for a gear transmission constructed by assembling a synchronizer ring forming a tapered cone clutch between a clutch hub and a gear which are mounted on a shaft so as to be relatively rotatable with each other, a synchronizer ring side (gear front side) opening is a rear side opening. The gear has a diagonal through-hole that is radially outward from the gear, and the outer peripheral portion of the gear protrudes axially from the back of the gear to define an oil reservoir facing the back-side opening of the through-hole. A mechanism has been proposed.

[0007]

The problems of the above prior art will be described.

In the first conventional example (see FIG. 4), it is difficult to supply an ideal amount of oil to the cone surface because the gaps between the respective parts, which are the lubricating oil supply paths, are extremely small. There is a problem.

In the second conventional example (see FIG. 5), the amount of supplied oil can be increased by providing an oil pump. However, on the other hand, the structure becomes complicated, and a great deal of cost is required for adding an oil pump. There is a problem that it occurs.

The lubricating mechanism proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-63251 has a problem that it is difficult for lubricating oil to flow into the opening of the through hole on the gear rear side. Further, since the oil reservoir is formed near the opening on the rear side of the gear, the structure of the rear part of the gear becomes complicated.

An object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating mechanism having a simple structure capable of supplying a sufficient amount of lubricating oil to a sliding portion of a synchronization device of a manual transmission.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A lubrication mechanism according to the present invention is opened on one side of a gear, opened on the other side of the gear so as to face a sliding portion of an engagement / disengagement means, and is opened from one side to the other side. It has an oil passage extending toward the rotation tangential direction of the gear toward the side. The oil passage has at least a component in the gear rotation axis direction and a component in the gear rotation tangential direction.

Further, another lubrication mechanism according to the present invention opens on one side of the gear and the other side of the gear so as to face the sliding portion of the engagement / disengagement means, and moves from one side to the other side. Extending from the inside to the outside in the radial direction of rotation of the gear, and
There is an oil passage extending in a plane parallel to the rotational tangent direction of the one-sided opening with respect to the rotational axis direction of the gear. This oil passage has a component in the gear rotation axis direction, a component in the gear rotation radial direction, and a component in the gear rotation tangential direction.

These lubrication mechanisms are applied to the following synchronizer, and an oil passage is formed in the gear so that lubricating oil is supplied to the sliding surface of the engaging / disengaging means of the synchronizer.

A gear and a hub sleeve (or a hub clutch that rotates integrally with the hub sleeve) provided so as to be relatively rotatable and engageable with each other, and slidably provided between the gear and the hub sleeve (or the hub clutch). And a disengagement means for synchronizing or releasing synchronization between the gear and the hub sleeve (hub clutch).

According to the lubrication mechanism of the present invention, since the oil passage extends in the rotational tangent direction of the gear from one surface of the gear to the other surface, the lubricating oil is easily received in the oil passage. In addition, the received lubricating oil smoothly flows in the oil passage from the opening on one side of the gear to the opening on the other side. As a result, the amount of lubricating oil supplied to the sliding portion of the synchronizing device located opposite the opening on the other side of the gear is greatly increased as compared with the related art. Further, the oil passage is formed so as to extend from the inside to the outside in the radial direction of rotation of the gear from one surface side of the gear to the other surface side, so that the lubricating oil flows to the opening on the other surface of the gear due to centrifugal force. Since the pressure is fed toward the sliding portion, the amount of lubricating oil supplied to the sliding portion of the synchronization device is further increased.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described.

In a preferred embodiment of the lubricating device according to the present invention, on a projection plane parallel to the rotational tangent direction of the opening on one surface (back side) of the oil passage, the center axis of the oil passage is in the second direction relative to the rotation axis direction of the gear. 3 (see FIG. 3).
(D)). The preferred first inclination angle α is 10 to 45
範 囲 range.

In a preferred embodiment of the lubricating apparatus according to the present invention, the opening of the oil passage on one side of the gear and the opening on the other side of the gear (front) are provided with a difference in distance from the center of the gear rotation shaft, so that the mutual opening of the oil passage is established. Causes a rotational speed difference at the center of the.
In this embodiment, on the projection plane (longitudinal section) parallel to the rotational radius direction of the opening on one surface side of the oil passage, the oil passage center axis has the second inclination angle β with respect to the gear rotation axis direction ( (See FIG. 3E). At the opening (inlet) on one side of the gear and the opening (outlet) on the other side of the gear, the magnitude of the centrifugal force acting due to the difference in rotational speed is different. As a result, the amount of oil supplied to the sliding portion is greatly increased. The preferred second inclination angle β is in the range of 5 to 15 °.

The lubrication mechanism according to the present invention is particularly applied as a mechanism for supplying lubricating oil to a sliding surface of a synchronization device of a manual transmission. As the synchronizer, for example, there are a single cone type and a multi cone type.

A manual transmission to which the lubrication mechanism according to the present invention is applied is constituted, for example, as follows. An input shaft is supported by a case that houses the manual transmission mechanism. An output shaft is arranged coaxially with the input shaft, and a counter shaft is supported by the case in parallel with the input shaft and the output shaft. One end of the output shaft is pivotally supported on the inner periphery of the input shaft via a bearing, and the other end is pivotally supported at the end of the case. On the output shaft, a speed gear that can rotate integrally with the output shaft, a hub clutch that rotates integrally with the output shaft, a hub sleeve that rotates integrally with the hub clutch and can slide, and a speed gear and a hub sleeve An engagement / disengagement mechanism (SNR mechanism, cone clutch mechanism) for synchronizing the two is arranged. When shifting gears,
By operating the change lever, the hub sleeve slides, and the sliding portions of the engagement / disengagement mechanism slide with each other,
The speed gear and the hub sleeve are gradually synchronized, and after the synchronization is completed, the speed gear and the hub sleeve are engaged, and the speed change is performed. Engine torque is controlled by the input shaft, counter shaft, speed gear engaged with the hub sleeve,
The power is transmitted to the differential mechanism through the output shaft.

Further, the lubrication mechanism according to the present invention is applied to a manual transmission of a type in which an input shaft and an output shaft are arranged in parallel, which is mainly employed in an FF vehicle, in addition to the above-mentioned type of manual transmission. You. As described above, the lubrication mechanism according to the present invention is applied to gear transmissions, in particular, synchronization devices of various manual transmissions, and in some cases, can be applied to other synchronization devices.

[0023]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In order to further clarify the embodiment of the present invention described above, an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1, 2A-2C, and 3
(D)-(E) is a figure for demonstrating the lubrication mechanism of the synchronizer which concerns on one Example of this invention, FIG. 1: is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a synchronizer, FIG. FIG. 2B is a longitudinal sectional view of the gear, FIG. 2C is a front view of the gear, and FIG.
2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 2A, and FIG.
It is EE arrow sectional drawing of (A).

Referring to FIG. 1, in this synchronizing device, a needle bearing 3 is arranged between an outer peripheral surface of an output shaft 1 and an inner peripheral surface of a gear 2 so that the gear 2 can be relatively rotated on the output shaft 1. It is installed.
On the other hand, a hub clutch 4 is spline-coupled to the output shaft 1 so as to rotate integrally with the output shaft 1 and is mounted on the output shaft 1 so as to face the front of the gear 2. A hub sleeve 5 is spline-coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the hub clutch 4 so as to be integrally rotatable and slidable. A double cone synchro mechanism is arranged between the front side of the gear 2 and the hub sleeve 5.

This double cone synchro mechanism is provided between the outer ring 6 and the inner ring 8 mounted so as to rotate integrally with the hub clutch 4 and between the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 6 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 8 (in the radial direction). And the synchro cone 7 engaged with the gear 2 so as to rotate integrally therewith.
And The synchro cone 7 has an outer peripheral cone surface that slides on the inner peripheral cone surface of the outer ring 6 and an inner peripheral cone surface that slides on the outer peripheral cone surface of the inner ring 8.

Next, the configuration of the oil passage of the lubrication mechanism will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, in the gear 2, there are formed through holes, that is, oil passages 9, which are respectively opened on the rear side and the front side of the gear 2. Referring to FIG. 1, the oil passage 9 includes the gear 2
The oil passage 9 extends from the rear side of the gear 2 to the front side thereof, and gradually to the outside in the radial direction of rotation of the gear 2, and as shown in FIG. It also extends toward the rotation tangential direction of the gear 2 (post-rotation direction).

More specifically, the rear opening 9a is located radially inward of the gear 2 with respect to the front opening 9b. The opening 9a on the rear side of the gear 2 is formed at a position where the scattered lubricating oil or the lubricating oil accumulated on the rear side is introduced, while the opening 9b on the front side of the gear 2 faces the synchro cone 7, The sliding surface of the double cone synchro mechanism is formed at a position where lubricating oil can be supplied.

Further, the inclination angle of the central axis of the oil passage 9 with respect to the rotation axis of the gear 2 will be described. Referring to FIG. 3D, which shows a cross section parallel to the rotational tangent direction of the central axis of the back opening 9a, the central axis of the oil passage 9 projected on this cross section is the gear 2
It extends at a first inclination angle α with respect to the rotation axis.
As a result, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 3 (D), the lubricating oil is more easily received in the oil passage 9 during the two rotations of the gear, and moves smoothly in the oil passage 9.

On the other hand, referring to FIG. 1 which shows a longitudinal section of the gear 2 or FIG. 3 (E) which shows a section parallel to the rotational radius direction of the central axis of the rear opening 9a of the oil passage 9, FIG. The projected central axis of the oil passage 9 extends with a second inclination angle β with respect to the gear 2 rotation axis. As a result, when the gear rotates twice, the lubricating oil received in the oil passage 9 is pressure-fed to the front opening 9b by the centrifugal force, that is, toward the sliding portion of the synchronization device.

Next, the shifting operation and the function of the lubrication mechanism of the above-described synchronizer will be described. In the case of engaging (synchronizing) the gear 2 and the hub sleeve 5 at the time of shifting, the hub sleeve 5 slides on the hub clutch 4 in the axial direction by operation, whereby the outer ring 6 is urged to generate a frictional force. . When the hub sleeve 5 further slides, the chamfer portion of the hub sleeve 5 comes into contact with the outer ring 6, and the inner peripheral cone surface of the outer ring 6 and the synchro cone 7
, The outer peripheral cone surface of the inner ring 8, and the inner peripheral cone surface of the synchro cone 7 slide. Thereby, the torque from the engine is gradually transmitted to the gear 2 via the output shaft 1 and the like. And
The rotation difference between the hub sleeve 5 (hub clutch 4) and the gear 2 gradually decreases. When the rotation of the hub sleeve 5 and the rotation of the gear 2 are synchronized, the biased hub sleeve 5 slides further toward the gear 2 while urging the outer ring 6, and the spline of the hub sleeve 5 and the dog teeth of the gear 2 are rotated. Completely engage, thus completing the shift. When the engagement between the gear 2 and the hub sleeve 5 is released, an operation opposite to the above operation is performed.

Here, the oil passage 9 formed in the gear 2 is
A large amount of lubricating oil scattered or accumulated on the rear side of the gear 2 is taken in, and the lubricating oil is smoothly conducted in the oil passage 9. Since the lubricating oil is pressure-fed toward the side, a sufficient amount of lubricating oil is supplied to the sliding portion of the synchronization device facing the front opening 9b.

[0033]

According to the present invention, the amount of oil supplied to the sliding surface of the synchronizer can be greatly increased with a simple oil passage configuration without changing the basic structure of the synchronizer.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a lubrication mechanism of a synchronizer according to one embodiment of the present invention, and is a longitudinal sectional view of the synchronizer.

FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B) are enlarged views of the gear shown in FIG. 1, (A) is a rear view, (B) is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 2 (C).
Is a front view.

FIG. 3D is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG. 2A.
FIG. 2E is a sectional view taken along the line EE in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an oil passage configuration according to a first conventional example.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an oil passage configuration according to a second conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Output shaft 2 Gear 3 Needle bearing 4 Hub clutch 5 Hub sleeve 6 Outer ring 7 Synchro cone (middle ring) 8 Inner ring 9 Oil passage 9a Back side opening (one side opening of gear 2) 9b Front side opening (of gear 2 Opening on the other side)

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page F term (reference) 3J028 EA11 EB35 FA01 FA52 FC31 FC42 HA28 HB04 HB09 3J056 AA12 AA53 AA63 BE07 BE23 CA03 CC02 GA05 3J063 AB02 AB55 AC06 BA11 CA01 CB14 CD13 CD17 CD23 XD03 XD28 XD33 XD

Claims (3)

[Claims] A gear and a hub sleeve provided so as to be relatively rotatable relative to each other and to be rotatable synchronously with each other; and slidably provided between the gear and the hub sleeve, and synchronizing or synchronizing the gear and the hub sleeve. Disengaging means for releasing the gear, an opening on one surface side of the gear, and an opening on the other surface side of the gear so as to face a sliding portion of the engaging and disengaging means, and the other surface side from the one surface side A lubrication mechanism for a synchronizing device, comprising: 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the oil passage extends from the inside to the outside in the radial direction of rotation of the gear as going from one surface side of the gear to the other surface side. 2. A lubrication mechanism for the synchronizer according to 1. 3. A gear and a hub sleeve provided so as to be relatively rotatable with each other and synchronously with each other, and slidably provided between said gear and said hub sleeve, and said gear and said hub sleeve are synchronized or synchronized. Disengaging means for releasing the gear, an opening on one surface side of the gear, and an opening on the other surface side of the gear so as to face the engaging and disengaging means, and moving from the one surface side to the other surface side. An oil passage extending from the inside to the outside in the radial direction of rotation of the gear, and wherein the oil passage has a surface parallel to a rotational tangent direction of an opening on one surface of the oil passage. A lubrication mechanism for a synchronizer, wherein the lubrication mechanism extends obliquely with respect to the direction of the rotation axis.