JP2000132251A - Solar light generating system - Google Patents
Solar light generating systemInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000132251A JP2000132251A JP10306479A JP30647998A JP2000132251A JP 2000132251 A JP2000132251 A JP 2000132251A JP 10306479 A JP10306479 A JP 10306479A JP 30647998 A JP30647998 A JP 30647998A JP 2000132251 A JP2000132251 A JP 2000132251A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- power
- solar cell
- storage battery
- solar
- charger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、太陽電池及び蓄電
池を電源として負荷に給電する太陽光発電システムに係
り、特に太陽電池の余剰出力で蓄電池を充電する回路に
関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system for supplying power to a load using a solar cell and a storage battery as power sources, and more particularly to a circuit for charging a storage battery with excess output of the solar cell.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】太陽光発電システムは、光エネルギーを
直接に電気エネルギーに変換できる太陽電池を電源とし
て利用できるため、クリーンエネルギー等の特長がある
が、太陽電池の出力が気象条件によって左右される。2. Description of the Related Art A photovoltaic power generation system has features such as clean energy because a solar cell capable of directly converting light energy into electric energy can be used as a power source, but the output of the solar cell is affected by weather conditions. .
【０００３】このため、太陽光発電システムとしては、
太陽電池の発電電力をパワーコンディショナを通して交
流電力に変換して商用電源などの電力系統に連系できる
ように構成される。さらに、太陽電池とパワーコンディ
ショナの中間に蓄電池を持ち、災害発生などで電力系統
が寸断された場合に蓄電池と太陽電池で防災負荷等に給
電できるようにした自立運転機能も設けられる。[0003] For this reason, as a photovoltaic power generation system,
It is configured so that the power generated by the solar cell can be converted into AC power through a power conditioner and connected to a power system such as a commercial power supply. Furthermore, a self-sustaining operation function is provided in which a storage battery is provided between the solar battery and the power conditioner, and when the power system is disconnected due to a disaster or the like, the storage battery and the solar battery can supply power to a disaster prevention load or the like.
【０００４】図２は、従来の太陽光発電システムを示
す。太陽電池１の発電電力は、パワーコンディショナ２
によって交流電力に変換し、開閉器３、４を通して電力
系統５との連系を可能にし、インターロック付きの開閉
器６を通して負荷７に給電する。開閉器６は、その切り
替えで電力系統から負荷７に単独で給電可能にする。FIG. 2 shows a conventional solar power generation system. The power generated by the solar cell 1 is the power conditioner 2
The power is converted into AC power by the switches 3 and 4 to enable interconnection with the power system 5, and power is supplied to the load 7 through the switch 6 with an interlock. The switch 6 enables the power system to independently supply power to the load 7 by the switching.
【０００５】電力系統との連系では、太陽電池１の発電
量が必要な負荷電力よりも少ない場合にその不足分を系
統から負荷に供給する。また、太陽電池１の発電量が必
要な負荷電力よりも多い場合には系統に余剰電力を還元
する。In connection with the power system, when the amount of power generated by the solar cell 1 is smaller than the required load power, the shortage is supplied from the system to the load. If the amount of power generated by the solar cell 1 is larger than the required load power, surplus power is returned to the system.
【０００６】太陽電池１とパワーコンディショナ２の中
間には、ダイオードで電流方向を制限した開閉器８、９
の並列回路を通して蓄電池１０を接続する。開閉器８
は、電力系統に一定時間以上の停電が発生したときに投
入され、太陽電池１と蓄電池１０の両方から負荷７に給
電できる自立運転状態になり、太陽電池１の発電量不足
分を蓄電池１０が補う。Between the solar cell 1 and the power conditioner 2, switches 8, 9 whose current directions are limited by diodes are provided.
Is connected to the storage battery 10 through the parallel circuit. Switch 8
Is turned on when a power failure occurs in the power system for a certain period of time or more, and the storage battery 10 enters a self-sustained operation state in which power can be supplied to the load 7 from both the solar battery 1 and the storage battery 10. compensate.
【０００７】開閉器９の投入は、太陽電池１の発電量が
負荷への給電量よりも大きく、蓄電池１０が一定以上の
放電を行った場合に行われ、太陽電池１の余剰電力を蓄
電池１０の充電に利用する。The switch 9 is turned on when the amount of power generated by the solar cell 1 is greater than the amount of power supplied to the load and the storage battery 10 has discharged a certain amount or more. Used for charging.
【０００８】チョッパ付き充電器１１は、系統が正常時
には常に運転され、電力系統５から開閉器４を通した交
流入力を直流に変換し、蓄電池１０への充電電流を発生
する。The chopper-equipped charger 11 is always operated when the system is normal, converts AC input from the power system 5 through the switch 4 into DC, and generates a charging current for the storage battery 10.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の構成において、
開閉器９は、太陽電池１の発電量が負荷への給電量より
も大きく、蓄電池１０が一定以上の放電を行った場合に
投入され、太陽電池１の余剰電力を蓄電池１０の充電に
利用する。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the conventional configuration,
The switch 9 is turned on when the amount of power generated by the solar cell 1 is larger than the amount of power supplied to the load and the storage battery 10 has discharged a certain amount or more, and uses the surplus power of the solar cell 1 to charge the storage battery 10. .
【００１０】この充電において、太陽電池１の電力容量
は、蓄電池１０のそれに比べて小さいため、開閉器９を
投入した状態ではパワーコンディショナ２の入力電圧が
蓄電池電圧に支配され、太陽電池から最大出力を取り出
すことができず、太陽電池の発電効率の低下になる。In this charging, since the power capacity of the solar cell 1 is smaller than that of the storage battery 10, the input voltage of the power conditioner 2 is governed by the storage battery voltage when the switch 9 is turned on, The output cannot be taken out, and the power generation efficiency of the solar cell decreases.
【００１１】この現象を図３で説明する。同図の実線で
示す特性Ａは、太陽電池の電圧−電流特性を示し、太陽
電池から取り出せる最大出力は、交点ＰMAXの電流と電
圧ＶMの積になる。しかし、太陽電池の出力電圧が電圧
ＶMより低い蓄電池電圧ＶBで支配されると、太陽電池の
出力が交点ＰBの電流と電圧ＶBの積になり、その最大出
力を取り出すことができない。This phenomenon will be described with reference to FIG. Characteristic A indicated by the solid line in the figure, the voltage of the solar cell - shows a current characteristic, the maximum output that can be taken out from the solar cell becomes current and the product of the voltage V M at the intersection P MAX. However, when the output voltage of the solar cell is dominated by the storage battery voltage V B lower than the voltage V M , the output of the solar cell becomes the product of the current at the intersection P B and the voltage V B , and the maximum output cannot be obtained. .
【００１２】本発明の目的は、太陽電池から最大電力を
取り出して蓄電池を充電することができる太陽光発電シ
ステムを提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a solar power generation system capable of extracting maximum power from a solar cell and charging a storage battery.
【００１３】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、太陽電池から
充電器を介して蓄電池を充電することにより、太陽電池
出力が蓄電池電圧で制限されるのをなくし、充電器の制
御により太陽電池の出力電圧をその最大発電電力点にす
るもので、以下の構成を特徴とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a storage battery is charged from a solar battery via a charger so that the output of the solar battery is not limited by the battery voltage. The output voltage is set to the maximum generated power point, and is characterized by the following configuration.
【００１４】太陽電池と蓄電池を電源とし、太陽電池の
発電電力及び蓄電池の充電電力をパワーコンディショナ
で交流電力に変換して負荷に給電し、太陽電池に余剰電
力があるときに太陽電池の出力で蓄電池を充電する構成
にした太陽光発電システムにおいて、前記蓄電池の充電
は、太陽電池の出力を充電器の直流入力端に供給し、該
充電器は前記蓄電池への充電電流制御を行い、この制御
は太陽電池の出力電圧を最大発電電力点にする構成にし
たことを特徴とする。The solar battery and the storage battery are used as power supplies, and the power generated by the solar battery and the charging power of the storage battery are converted into AC power by a power conditioner and supplied to a load, and the output of the solar battery is output when the solar battery has surplus power. In the solar power generation system configured to charge the storage battery, charging of the storage battery supplies the output of the solar battery to a DC input terminal of a charger, and the charger performs charging current control for the storage battery. The control is characterized in that the output voltage of the solar cell is set to the maximum generated power point.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の実施の形態】図１は、本発明の実施形態を示す
システム構成図である。同図が図２と異なる部分は、開
閉器９の回路に代えて、太陽電池１の出力端からチョッ
パ付き充電器１１の整流器出力端（直流入力端）にダイ
オード１２を設けた点にある。FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. 2 differs from FIG. 2 in that a diode 12 is provided from the output terminal of the solar cell 1 to the rectifier output terminal (DC input terminal) of the charger 11 with a chopper, instead of the circuit of the switch 9.
【００１６】ダイオード１２は、逆流防止用であり、電
力系統５から充電器１１に電力供給する場合にその整流
器ＲＥＣから太陽電池１側に電流が逆流するのを阻止
し、太陽電池から充電器には直流電力を供給できる極性
にする。The diode 12 is for preventing backflow. When supplying power to the charger 11 from the power system 5, the diode 12 prevents a current from flowing back from the rectifier REC to the solar cell 1 side. Has a polarity that can supply DC power.
【００１７】本実施形態において、太陽電池１の余剰電
力で蓄電池１０を充電するには、太陽電池１の電圧ＶS
が蓄電池１０の電圧ＶBよりも高いことを条件にチョッ
パ付き充電器１１を動作させる。この動作は、制御回路
１１Ａが半導体スイッチＳＷをチョッパ動作させ、スイ
ッチＳＷのオン期間には、太陽電池１からダイオード１
２→スイッチＳＷ→リアクトルＬ→蓄電池１０の経路で
充電電流を供給し、スイッチＳＷのオフ期間にはリアク
トルＬの蓄積エネルギーをダイオードＤ→リアクトルＬ
→蓄電池１０の経路で供給する。In this embodiment, in order to charge the storage battery 10 with the surplus power of the solar cell 1, the voltage V S of the solar cell 1 is used.
The charger 11 with chopper is operated on the condition that is higher than the voltage V B of the storage battery 10. In this operation, the control circuit 11A causes the semiconductor switch SW to perform a chopper operation, and during the ON period of the switch SW, the solar cell 1
2 → Switch SW → Reactor L → Charging current is supplied through the path of the storage battery 10, and during the OFF period of the switch SW, the stored energy of the reactor L is supplied to the diode D → Reactor L
→ Supply via the storage battery 10 path.
【００１８】この充電動作において、制御回路１１Ａ
は、太陽電池１の発生電力が最大になるよう充電器１１
から蓄電池１０への充電電流を制御する。すなわち、太
陽電池１の出力電圧ＶSが図３の電圧ＶMになるよう、充
電器１１のスイッチＳＷの導通率を制御する。In this charging operation, the control circuit 11A
Is a charger 11 so that the generated power of the solar cell 1 is maximized.
Control the charging current to the storage battery 10 from the controller. In other words, so that the output voltage V S of the solar cell 1 becomes the voltage V M of FIG. 3, for controlling the conduction rate of the switch SW of the charger 11.
【００１９】なお、制御回路１１Ａは、本来は電力系統
から蓄電池への充電を行うことから、太陽電池１からの
充電電流ＩSや蓄電池１０の充電電流ＩBに対しても過電
流制限や過充電防止のための保護機能を持つ。[0019] The control circuit 11A, since the charging of the originally from the power system to the battery, the overcurrent limiting or excessive even for the charging current I B of the charging current I S and the battery 10 from the solar cell 1 Has a protection function to prevent charging.
【００２０】したがって、本実施形態によれば、太陽電
池１の余剰電力で蓄電池１０を充電するのに、充電器１
１を通した充電とすることにより、太陽電池１の出力電
圧が蓄電池１０の電圧に支配されることがなくなり、太
陽電池１の最大電力点になる電圧ＶMにした充電によっ
て太陽電池１の発電効率を高めることができる。Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the charger 1 is used to charge the storage battery 10 with the excess power of the solar cell 1.
By charging through a 1, prevents the output voltage of the solar cell 1 is subject to the voltage of the battery 10, the power generation of the solar cell 1 by charging the voltage V M to be the maximum power point of the solar cell 1 Efficiency can be increased.
【００２１】また、太陽電池１の発電効率を高めること
は、システムの自立運転時に太陽電池１から負荷７への
電力供給を高めて蓄電池１０からの放電量を減らすこと
ができ、蓄電池１０の充電状態による停電保証時間を最
大限に延ばすことができる。Further, increasing the power generation efficiency of the solar cell 1 can increase the power supply from the solar cell 1 to the load 7 during the self-sustained operation of the system, reduce the amount of discharge from the storage battery 10, and charge the storage battery 10. The power failure guarantee time depending on the state can be extended to the maximum.
【００２２】また、蓄電池１０の充電を充電器１１を通
して行うため、充電時の過電圧、過電流等に対するリミ
ッタ動作を充電器１１で簡単に実現することができ、太
陽電池１及び蓄電池１０の保護が確実、容易になる。Also, since the storage battery 10 is charged through the charger 11, the limiter operation for overvoltage, overcurrent, etc. at the time of charging can be easily realized by the charger 11, and the protection of the solar cell 1 and the storage battery 10 can be achieved. Reliable and easy.
【００２３】なお、本実施形態における太陽電池による
蓄電池充電回路は、太陽電池１とパワーコンディショナ
２との間に蓄電池１０を設けた他の太陽光発電システ
ム、例えば電力系統を持たない独立電源構成のシステ
ム、電力系統を常時連系するシステムなどに適用して同
等の作用効果を得ることができる。The storage battery charging circuit using a solar cell according to the present embodiment is another solar power generation system in which a storage battery 10 is provided between the solar cell 1 and the power conditioner 2, for example, an independent power supply configuration having no power system. The same operation and effect can be obtained by applying the present invention to a system such as the one described above, a system in which the power system is constantly connected, and the like.
【００２４】また、実施形態において、ダイオード１２
に代えて、従来の開閉器９やサイリスタ等の半導体スイ
ッチを太陽電池と充電器の間に設ける構成とし、そのオ
ン・オフを制御回路１１Ａで制御することもできる。ま
た、充電器１１の構成は、チョッパ付きのものに限ら
ず、充電器の充電電流制御で太陽電池の出力電圧をその
最大発電電力点に制御する直流−直流変換器とすること
ができる。In the embodiment, the diode 12
Alternatively, a conventional semiconductor switch such as a switch 9 or a thyristor may be provided between the solar cell and the charger, and the on / off of the switch may be controlled by the control circuit 11A. Further, the configuration of the charger 11 is not limited to the configuration with the chopper, and may be a DC-DC converter that controls the output voltage of the solar cell to its maximum power generation point by controlling the charging current of the charger.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の効果】以上のとおり、本発明によれば、太陽電
池から充電器を介して蓄電池を充電し、充電器の制御に
より太陽電池の出力電圧をその最大発電電力点にするよ
うにしたため、太陽電池から最大電力を取り出して蓄電
池を充電することができ、発電効率を高めることができ
る。また、蓄電池の停電保証時間を最大限に延ばし、蓄
電池の保護も確実、容易になる。As described above, according to the present invention, the storage battery is charged from the solar cell via the charger, and the output voltage of the solar cell is set to its maximum power generation point by controlling the charger. The maximum power can be extracted from the solar cell to charge the storage battery, and the power generation efficiency can be increased. In addition, the power failure guarantee time of the storage battery is maximized, and the protection of the storage battery is reliably and easily performed.
【図１】本発明の実施形態を示すシステム構成図。FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】従来のシステム構成図。FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a conventional system.
【図３】太陽電池の特性と出力関係図。FIG. 3 is a graph showing characteristics and output of a solar cell.
１…太陽電池 ２…パワーコンディショナ ５…電力系統 ７…負荷 １０…蓄電池 １１…チョッパ付き充電器 １１Ａ…制御回路 １２…逆流防止用ダイオード DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Solar cell 2 ... Power conditioner 5 ... Power system 7 ... Load 10 ... Storage battery 11 ... Charger with a chopper 11A ... Control circuit 12 ... Backflow prevention diode
Claims (1)
の発電電力及び蓄電池の充電電力をパワーコンディショ
ナで交流電力に変換して負荷に給電し、太陽電池に余剰
電力があるときに太陽電池の出力で蓄電池を充電する構
成にした太陽光発電システムにおいて、 前記蓄電池の充電は、太陽電池の出力を充電器の直流入
力端に供給し、該充電器は前記蓄電池への充電電流制御
を行い、この制御は太陽電池の出力電圧を最大発電電力
点にする構成にしたことを特徴とする太陽光発電システ
ム。1. A solar battery and a storage battery are used as power supplies, and the power generated by the solar battery and the charging power of the storage battery are converted into AC power by a power conditioner and supplied to a load. In the photovoltaic power generation system configured to charge the storage battery with the output of, the charging of the storage battery supplies the output of the solar cell to the DC input terminal of the charger, and the charger performs charging current control for the storage battery. The solar power generation system is characterized in that the control is such that the output voltage of the solar cell is set to the maximum generated power point.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10306479A JP2000132251A (en) | 1998-10-28 | 1998-10-28 | Solar light generating system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10306479A JP2000132251A (en) | 1998-10-28 | 1998-10-28 | Solar light generating system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000132251A true JP2000132251A (en) | 2000-05-12 |
Family
ID=17957522
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP10306479A Pending JP2000132251A (en) | 1998-10-28 | 1998-10-28 | Solar light generating system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2000132251A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT509888B1 (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-15 | Younicos Ag | ELECTRICAL ENERGY STORAGE AND METHOD FOR REGULATING SUCH A ENERGY STORAGE |
-
1998
- 1998-10-28 JP JP10306479A patent/JP2000132251A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT509888B1 (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-15 | Younicos Ag | ELECTRICAL ENERGY STORAGE AND METHOD FOR REGULATING SUCH A ENERGY STORAGE |
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