JP2000092982A - Cultivation of mushrooms - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance flavor of artificially cultured mushrooms by culturing in an artificial medium added with an extract of a specific vegetable. SOLUTION: Mushrooms to be artificially cultured are cultured in an artificial medium added with an extract of a vegetable belonging to genus Allium. In the case, the additive can be obtained by a desired method such as dipping the artificial medium in an extract of the vegetable belonging to genus Allium, or scattering or spraying the extract of the vegetable belonging to genus Allium on the artificial medium, and the artificial medium can be a full-ripened medium in which hyphae are spread and ripened, and further, preferably the vegetable belonging to genus Allium is a long spring onion, an onion, a leek, a garlic, chives, etc.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a cultivation method for artificially cultivating mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, edible mushroom cultivation has mainly been based on raw wood, but the yield has been greatly influenced by natural conditions such as seasons, weather, and typhoons. In recent years, in the cultivation of nameko, shiitake, shimeji, enokitake, oyster mushroom, etc., a fungus bed cultivation method of cultivating in a polypropylene bottle or a polypropylene bag using a medium mainly containing sawdust and adding various nutrient additives is used. It has become popular, and edible mushrooms can be harvested stably without being affected by the four seasons throughout the year.

[0003] However, there is a problem that mushrooms cultivated on such an artificial medium have a weaker fragrance than those produced by conventional log cultivation. this is,
It is presumed that mushrooms absorb nutrients, such as rice bran, which are more easily absorbed than the wood material of the main sawdust, and grow in a short period of time.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to enhance the aroma of artificially cultivated mushrooms.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have focused on the fact that the scent component of mushrooms is mainly a sulfur-containing compound, and as a result of diligent research, they have found that artificial media other than raw wood such as sawdust and rice bran can be used. The present inventors have found that the addition of an extract extracted from an Allium plant increases the aroma component of fruiting bodies produced from an artificial culture medium, and have led to the present invention. That is,
The gist of the present invention is to cultivate in an artificial medium to which an extract of a genus Allium is added. In detail, an artificial medium of mushrooms is immersed in an extract of an allium plant, or an extract of an allium plant is added to the artificial medium by a desired method such as spraying or spraying. In the present invention, not only an aged artificial medium in which hyphae spread, but also an artificial medium at the time of preparation can be used. When using an artificial medium at the time of preparation, an artificial medium production facility is required in consideration of invasion of various bacteria. The addition may be carried out only once, but in the case of a ripe medium, it is preferable to add it periodically together with water in order to ensure absorption. Further, the allium plants are not particularly limited as long as they belong to the allium genus, and among them, long onion, onion, chive, garlic, asatsuki and the like are preferable. In addition, these plants can be used either raw or dried. In the method for extracting a plant of the genus Allium used in the present invention, the extraction is performed in water or a water-containing solvent. In addition, the method of adding the extract of Allium genus to the artificial medium is as follows: immerse the medium in the extract, jab the artificial medium in a polypropylene container, spray from the top, and for the artificial medium not in the container, Various methods are possible, such as spraying.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following cultivation methods.

<Example> An example using a ripe bacterial bed of shiitake will be described. Shiitake mushrooms were cultivated in a humidified environment at a constant room temperature of 18 ° C. using a ripe bacterial bed purchased from Japan Bio Inc. The medium is supplemented with sawdust, rice bran and bran as well as common nutrients. An aqueous solution of a green onion extract (3%) and an aqueous solution of a leek extract (3%) were sprayed on the ripe bacterial beds once a day to each of the five mature bacterial beds to grow fruiting bodies. The aroma of this fruiting body was very strong. Extraction of aroma components is performed after harvesting the fruiting body, harvesting the fruiting body, pulverizing each fungus bed, and crushing it.
100 ml of water was added to 0 g of the fruit body, and the mixture was further pulverized using a polytron homogenizer. Next, 10 g of celite was added to this homogenate, and the mixture was filtered off using filter paper.
The obtained liquid phase and solid phase were each extracted three times with 50 ml of chloroform, and these were combined and condensed to 5 ml or less. The condensate was passed through a Seppak Plus silica column to collect a non-adsorbed fraction, and the column was further washed with 2 ml of chloroform and combined with the previous fraction to make up to 10 ml. This extract was used as a sample for aroma component analysis by GC-MS. GC-MS conditions are system: QP50
00 (Shimadzu), Column: DB-130mx 0.2
5 mmφ, 5 μm (J & W), injection temperature:
250 ° C, temperature rise: 50 ° C → 170 ° C (4 ° C / min) 1
70 ° C → 280 ° C (10 ° C / min) 280 ° C (40m
In) split mode analysis was performed. Table 1 shows the results.

[0008]

[Table 1]

Table 1 shows the relative aroma components of shiitake mushrooms grown by spraying water, an aqueous solution of a leek extract (3%), and an aqueous solution of a leek extract (3%) (fragrance components when water is sprayed). Was set to 100). As is clear from the experimental results, 1-Octen-3 which is not a sulfur-containing compound
While the content of -ol hardly changes, the amount of other compounds including sulfur has been dramatically increased by the addition of Allium genus extract, which is contained in this Allium genus extract It is understood that the aroma component of mushrooms is enhanced by the action of the sulfur-containing compound.

[0010]

As described above, according to the method for cultivating mushrooms according to the present invention, it is possible to easily improve the weakness of the scent when using an artificial medium, and it is also safe to use because the allium plants are themselves vegetables. Therefore, the quality of mushrooms can be improved more safely. Especially in the case of an aged artificial medium in which hyphae are widespread, since an artificial medium production facility that prevents invasion of various bacteria is not required unlike the artificial medium at the time of preparation, quality can be easily improved even at individual farmers. Can be.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for cultivating mushrooms, which comprises cultivating in an artificial medium to which an extract of a genus Allium is added. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the addition is performed by immersing the artificial medium in an extract of the genus Allium or by spraying or spraying the extract of the allium on the artificial medium. The method for cultivating mushrooms according to claim 1. 3. The method for cultivating mushrooms according to claim 2, wherein the artificial medium is a ripe medium in which hyphae spread and matured. 4. The method for cultivating mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein the welsh onion plant is selected from a group consisting of long onion, onion, chive, garlic, and morning glory.