JP2000070921A - Desalter and drinking water producing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify the device and control to save energy and to desalt brine into clear water by providing a dew-condensation part formed by bending a light-transmissive synthetic resin plate, a water collector formed into a trough by bending both lower ends of the dew-condensation part and a raw water tank connected to the collector. SOLUTION: When the raw water is desalted, a desalter 1 is set at a place exposed to sunlight E with the inclined-face side of a dew-condensation part 2 directed toward the sunlight E, and the raw water 5 is injected into a raw water tank 5 from a water pipe 14, etc. Consequently, the raw water 5 is exposed to the sunlight E, heated and evaporated, and the humidity of an upper space is increased. Since the dew-condensation part 2 is cooled by the outside air at this time, the vapor is condensed on the inner face of the dew- condensation part 2 to form a waterdrop 7. The waterdrop 7 is moved along the inner face of the dew-condensation part 2, dropped and collected in a water receiving part 3. As the waterdrop 7 is distilled water of the raw water 5, clear water free of salt, inorg. matter, etc., is obtained. Subsequently, the clear fresh water is drawn off from a discharge pipe 9 and appropriately used.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a desalination apparatus for salt water, and more particularly, to a desalination apparatus and a drinking water production apparatus capable of desalinating with solar energy using energy saving.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, natural water has increased the content of organic substances and the like due to the progress of environmental pollution, and spring water and stream water conventionally used as domestic water cannot be used as drinking water. It is in a state. Also, in remote islands, etc., it is an important problem to obtain fresh water for irrigation water such as drinking water and horticultural plants. Furthermore, in recent years, desertification has progressed due to drying, and the number of rural areas in which it is difficult to secure domestic water is increasing due to an increase in the salinity of groundwater. Under such circumstances and an increase in the amount of domestic water used, securing domestic water such as drinking water is becoming an extremely serious problem.

For this reason, a method for obtaining clean fresh water from water containing a large amount of inorganic or organic substances such as seawater has been adopted in a special field or in a local area, such as distillation, reverse osmosis, Electrodialysis using an ion exchange membrane or the like has been adopted. However, the distillation method has a problem that the energy consumption is large and the cost is high. For this reason, a multistage distillation apparatus using a vacuum pump has been developed as a method of saving energy consumption, but the apparatus becomes large-scale and requires skill in its management.

In addition, the reverse osmotic pressure method requires an extremely high pressure, and the apparatus is large and expensive. In the electrodialysis method, there is a problem such as electric leakage, and there is a problem that management of the method requires skill. For this reason, the conventional desalination apparatus was not suitable as a means for securing daily living water.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a desalination apparatus and a potable water production apparatus which can be easily managed with a simple apparatus and can desalinate water containing a large amount of salt into clean water without consuming energy. It is intended to provide a device.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has been made as a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, and the translucent synthetic resin plate is bent so that the distance between the top and the bottom increases. A water collecting body having a condensation part formed so as to protrude in two directions, a water receiving part formed in a gutter shape by bending both lower ends of the condensation part inward, and storing and collecting raw water. A desalination device characterized by comprising a raw water tank connected to the lower part of the water body, and a translucent synthetic resin plate that is bent and formed to protrude in two directions so that the interval increases from the top downward. And a water collecting body having a water receiving portion formed in a gutter-like shape with both lower ends of the dew forming portion bent inward, and a raw water tank storing raw water and connecting to a lower part of the water collecting body. And a mineral replenishing device connected to the water receiving part of the catchment body by a pipe. There is provided a drinking water production apparatus, to.

[0007]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the desalination apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section of the desalination apparatus. As shown in FIG. A water collecting body 4 composed of a dew condensation part 2 formed by bending a translucent synthetic resin plate that forms water droplets by dew condensation, a water receiving part 3 receiving and storing dewed water, and raw water 5 The raw water 5 in the raw water tank 6 is heated by the sunlight E and evaporates and condenses in the dew condensation unit 2. The obtained water droplets 7 are transferred to the water receiving unit 3.
To collect water.

[0008] The desalination apparatus 1 of the present invention can obtain fresh water from water containing salt and, at the same time, obtain water from which organic matter has been removed from water containing much organic matter. Therefore, in the present invention, desalination includes not only the case of removing dissolved inorganic substances but also the case of purifying water by removing organic substances. In the present invention, the term “bending” broadly means a state in which the synthetic resin plate is bent,
In addition to a locally refracted shape, the shape includes a curved shape over a wide range.

The water collecting body 4 is formed of a translucent synthetic resin plate. The translucent synthetic resin plate means that the transmittance of sunlight is high, and does not mean that an image can be identified through the synthetic resin plate. As the translucent synthetic resin, a synthetic resin having rigidity and excellent weather resistance is desirable, and as the synthetic resin suitable for such purpose, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyester, polycarbonate, acrylic resin, etc. Can be mentioned.

The translucent synthetic resin plate is bent and extends downward from the top portion 10 to form dew portions 2. At least one of the dew condensation units 2 and 2 has an inclined surface so that the distance between the dew condensation units 2 and 2 increases downward. In FIGS. 1 and 2, one dew portion 2 is an inclined surface, and the other dew portion 2 is a vertical surface. Such a water collecting body 4 can be manufactured by extruding a synthetic resin into a predetermined shape, or by bending an extruded flat synthetic resin plate.

Although the inclination angle θ of the condensation part 2 is not particularly limited, when the inclination angle θ is small, water droplets condensed on the condensation part 2 do not pass through the condensation part 2 and fall on the way and fall on the water receiving part 3. Since it is difficult to collect water, the slope is generally 20 to 90 degrees, preferably 30 to 90 degrees with respect to the horizontal line. The thickness of the condensation part 2 can be appropriately set according to the purpose, but is generally 0.2 to 5 mm, preferably 0.5 to 2 mm.

Both lower ends of the condensation part 2 are bent inward and further upward to form gutter-shaped water receiving parts 3 and 3, and an end plate 8 is joined to an end of the water collecting body 4. The water collected in the water receiving section 3 is configured to be stored in the water receiving section 3. In addition, a drawing pipe 9 for taking out fresh water collected in the water receiving portion 3 is connected to the end plate 8 facing the water receiving portion 3. The end plate 8 can be joined using an adhesive, but it is preferable to bend the periphery thereof and fit the end plate 8 to the end of the water collecting body 4.

A raw water tank 6 is connected to a lower part of the water collecting body 4. The material of the raw water tank 6 is not particularly limited, and materials that can store water, such as wood, synthetic resin, metal, and porcelain, can be widely used. However, corrosion resistance, heat insulation, and ease of handling are possible. Therefore, a synthetic resin is desirable, and examples of the synthetic resin include an ABS resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyester, polycarbonate, and an acrylic resin. The synthetic resin used for the raw water tank 6 is desirably colored black so as to absorb sunlight. It is also a preferable method to improve the mechanical strength by blending an organic or inorganic filler.

The raw water tank 6 is formed in a housing shape having an open upper surface, and the side walls 11, 11 are bent inward at the upper part, and the front end thereof extends along the bent lower surface of the water receiving part 3 of the water collecting body 4. A water collecting body receiving portion 12 which is formed in a bent shape and receives the lower surface of the water receiving portion 3 of the water collecting body 4 is formed. Also, at the end of the raw water tank 6,
An end plate 13 is joined, formed so that the raw water 5 can be stored in the raw water tank 6, and connected to a water pipe 14 for injecting and discharging the raw water 5. When the water collector 4 is placed on the raw water tank 6 and the two end plates 13 are connected to each other, the end plate 13 of the raw water tank 6 is brought into contact with the end plate 8 joined to the end of the water collector 4 so that the end plate 13 is desalted. One end is configured to be closed.

As shown in FIG. 3, the raw water tank 6 and the catchment receiver 12 are divided and fitted together.
As shown in the figure, the longitudinal length d ₁ of the water receiving portion 3 and the raw water tank 6
Longitudinal length d _2, slightly while longer than the longitudinal length d ₄ of the lower bottom portion of the length d ₃ and the raw water tank 6 of the top or apex 10 of the condensation unit 2, the short side of the raw water tank 6 of the upper by the upper length d ₅ of the slightly longer shape than the length d ₆ of the lower base portion, in a state in which the end plate 8, the end plate 13 attached respectively, as shown in FIG. 5, Atsumarimizutai 4, raw water tank 6. The water collecting body receiving portions 12 can be stacked, respectively, and the transportation becomes easy.

When desalinating raw water using the desalination apparatus 1 of the present invention, the desalination apparatus 1 is installed in a place where sunlight is applied, with the inclined surface of the dew-condensing section 2 facing the sunlight, and a raw water tank is installed. 6
Raw water 5 is injected into the container. The injection of the raw water 5 may be continuously performed from the water pipe 14 in accordance with the decrease of the raw water 5, or the raw water 5 remaining on the previous day may be removed in the early morning and new raw water 5 may be supplied. . The temperature of the raw water 5 in the raw water tank 6 rises in response to sunlight, and the raw water 5 evaporates and the humidity of the upper space thereof rises. Thus, since the dew condensation unit 2 is cooled by the outside air, the vapor condenses on the inner surface of the dew condensation unit 2 to form water droplets 7.

The water droplets 7 formed by dew condensation on the condensation part 2 travel down the inner surface of the condensation part 2 and are collected by the water receiving part 3. In this case, since the water droplets 7 aggregated on the inner surface of the dew condensation unit 2 are due to the vapor of the raw water 5, the water collected in the water receiving unit 3 is distilled water, and is clean without salt, organic matter, and the like. Water can be obtained. The obtained clean fresh water is taken out from the extraction pipe 9 and used for use.

In order to guide the water droplets generated by the dew condensation to the water receiving part 3 through the dew part 2, it is desirable that the inner surface of the dew part 2 be hydrophilic. For this purpose, the condensation section 2
A surfactant can be applied to the inner surface together with an inorganic fine powder such as a silicon oxide fine powder. However, when the purpose is to obtain drinking water, it is not preferable to apply a surfactant or the like. In such a case, the inner surface of the dew condensation part 2 may be covered with a hydrophilic resin such as an acrylic resin or polyamide, or the dew condensation part 2 may be coated. It is preferable to prevent water droplets from falling by roughening the inner surface of the substrate into a ground glass.

The desalination apparatus 1 of the present invention can have various structures. FIG. 6 shows a case where the dew condensation portion 2 of the water collecting body 4 is curved, and a dome shape is formed by both dew condensation portions 2. Other structures can be configured similarly to the desalination apparatus 1 of FIG.

When the condensed water drops fall in the middle of the condensing part 2 and fall down, and are hardly collected by the water receiving part 3 along the dew condensing part 2, as shown in FIG. Fifteen, one
5 is preferably formed. That is, the side edge of the transparent synthetic resin plate forming the water receiving portion 3 is extended upward along the dew condensation portion 2 to form the water droplet receiving portions 15, 15, so that the drop falls from the middle of the dew condensation portion 2. Water droplets can be collected and collected in the water receiving section 3. In addition, when the water droplet receiving unit 15 is extended upward along the dew condensation unit 2, there is an effect that the stacking during transportation can be made compact.

When the water droplet receiving portion 15 is formed, as shown in FIG. 8, the length of the water droplet receiving portion 15 in the longitudinal direction is slightly shorter than the length of the water receiving portion 3 and the water droplet receiving portion 15 is attached to the end plate 8. When the water collecting bodies 4 are stacked, the water drop receiving portion 15 is elastically deformed and the water collecting body 4 immediately below is deeply inserted, so that the bulk can be kept small.

The desalination apparatus 1 of the present invention can have a function of collecting rainwater by forming a rainwater receiver outside. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, a synthetic resin plate having a double structure on both sides is used, and one plate is bent inward to form the water receiving portion 3, and the other plate is bent outward. By forming the gutter-shaped rainwater receiver 16, a structure that collects rainwater during rainfall can be provided. When the gutter-shaped rainwater catch 16 is formed on the outer side of the water catcher, the rainwater catch 16 is provided when the water catchers are arranged side by side as shown in FIG.
By connecting the side ends of the water collecting body 4 with the U-shaped connecting tool 17, the attachment of the water collecting body 4 can be stabilized. By connecting a plurality of water collectors 4, the production amount of drinking water can be increased. In this case, the raw water tank 6 may be provided for each water collecting body 4 as shown in FIG. 9, or a raw water tank 6 extending over a plurality of water collecting bodies 4 as shown in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG. 11, a perforated pipe 18 is horizontally arranged at the lower bottom of the raw water tank 6 and connected to a pipe 20 opened at an upper part of the water collecting body 4 through a pump 19. The warm air above the condensation section 2 is sucked from the pipe 20 and blown into the raw water 5, so that the thermal efficiency can be further improved. If the pump 19 is driven using a solar cell (not shown), it can be easily installed at a desired place without requiring electric work.

When the desalination apparatus 1 of the present invention is used as a drinking water production apparatus, the desalination is adjusted so that the taste is adjusted and adapted to the physiology.
It is desirable to provide a mechanism for replenishing the obtained fresh water with minerals. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, a predetermined number of desalination devices 1 are arranged in parallel, and each extraction pipe 9 is connected to a mineral replenishing device 21 by connecting with a pipe 20, and fresh water is taken out through the mineral replenishing device 21. Thus, fresh water supplemented with mineral components can be obtained. As the mineral replenishment, a tank in which a mineral preparation having a controlled dissolution rate is charged may be used, or a concentrated solution of mineral components or raw water may be added. As a mineral supply source, a mineral source such as barley stone can be used. In an environment where floating matters such as dust enter into the obtained fresh water, a filter can be provided before or after the mineral replenishing device 21 as a matter of course. Sand, water,
A continuous foam of a synthetic resin, a nonwoven fabric, or the like can be used.

[0025]

The desalination apparatus according to the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, so that it can be manufactured with a simple structure at a low cost and is easy to manage. Further, since desalination is performed by sunlight, no energy is required. And can be desalinated extremely economically. It is a very practical device that can be transported and installed very easily. Furthermore, a large amount of fresh water and drinking water can be obtained by arranging a large number of unitized devices of the present invention.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a desalination apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the apparatus in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a water collecting body receiving portion.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a dimensional relationship.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing stacking of a water collector, a raw water tank, and a water collector receiver.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the desalination apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing still another example of the desalination apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a water droplet receiving portion.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing still another example of the desalination apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of use of the water collecting body of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a partial perspective view showing still another example of the desalination apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing an example of the drinking water production device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Desalination device 2: Dew condensation part 3: Water receiving part 4: Water collecting body 5: Raw water 6: Raw water tank 7: Water droplet 8: End plate 9: Extraction pipe 10: Ridge part 11: Side plate 12: Water collecting body receiving part 13 : End plate 14: Water pipe 15: Water drop receiver 16: Rain water receiver 17: Connector 18: Perforated pipe 19: Pump 20: Pipe 21: Mineral replenishing device

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A dew-condensed portion formed by bending a light-transmitting synthetic resin plate and projecting in two directions so as to increase the distance from the top downward, and both lower ends of the dew-condensed portion are formed inward. A water collecting body having a water receiving portion bent into a gutter shape,
A desalination apparatus comprising a raw water tank for storing raw water and connecting to a lower part of a water collecting body. 2. The desalination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein one of the dew portions has a vertical surface and the other dew portion has an inclined surface. 3. The desalination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a dome-shaped dew portion is formed by one dew portion and the other dew portion. 4. The desalination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a transparent synthetic resin plate on a side edge of the water receiving portion extends upward and a water droplet receiving portion is continuously provided. 5. The desalination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a perforated pipe is provided at the bottom of the raw water tank, and air above the water collecting body is blown into the source water through a pipe. 6. A dew-condensed portion formed by bending a translucent synthetic resin plate and projecting in two directions so as to increase the distance from the top downward, and both lower ends of the dew-condensed portion are formed inward. A water collecting body having a water receiving portion bent into a gutter shape,
A drinking water production apparatus, comprising: a raw water tank for storing raw water and connecting to a lower part of a water collecting body; and a mineral replenishing device connected to a water receiving part of the water collecting body by a pipe.