JP3766309B2 - Desalination plant using solar thermal energy - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention mainly relates to a solar water desalination plant constructed on a coastline in a dry zone rich in solar thermal energy and purifying seawater into fresh water using the solar thermal energy.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional seawater desalination systems include a reverse osmosis membrane system using high pressure and a distilled water system using seawater evaporation using high-temperature boiler heat.
[0003]
In any of the above conventional systems, it is difficult to configure a simple small plant, and the large system becomes a large plant and requires a large installation place.
[0004]
In addition to high capital investment, reverse osmosis membranes and other consumables necessary for water production are a major factor in increasing running costs. Specialized engineers are required, and maintenance and management costs are high.
[0005]
In addition, in order to completely remove seawater concentration, phytoplankton, zooplankton, other environmental hormone substances, organic substances, inorganic substances, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, pesticides, chemical fertilizers, petroleum substances, etc. with a reverse osmosis membrane, “Membrane clogging” occurs and “membrane replacement cost” increases, resulting in inferior “economic competitiveness”.
[0006]
Furthermore, in the case of the reverse osmosis membrane method, there are a number of drawbacks, such as the problem of water quality when used as drinking water, and the adverse effects on health when drunk continuously for a long time.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the present invention is mainly constructed on the coastline of tropical and subtropical dry areas and desert areas where inexhaustible solar thermal energy pours down and purifies seawater to fresh water with high efficiency using the solar thermal energy. In addition to being able to be used as drinking water, it is intended to obtain a solar thermal seawater desalination plant capable of purifying a large amount of fresh water that can be used in various fields such as water for domestic use and water for plant growth.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described viewpoints, and in a seawater desalination plant for desalinating seawater, a land well loaded with ore at the bottom for introducing the seawater, and seawater springing from the well A seawater reservoir with ore disposed to filter the water, a water quality improvement tank for improving the quality of seawater stored in the seawater storage tank, and one or more water filters for treating seawater treated in the water quality improvement tank A filter, an evaporating water tank in which at least one purified seawater filtered by the filter is installed in an evaporation chamber, a condensing lens installed above the evaporating water tank in the evaporation chamber, A dehumidifier that is attached to the upper side and dehydrates the water vapor in the evaporation chamber to return it to a liquid, and the water quality improvement water tank is a flow space that flows up and down from the inlet space to the outlet space in the tank. And the flow empty A seawater desalination plant having a negative electrode plate and a seawater desalination plant for desalinating seawater, and a land well loaded with ore at the bottom where the seawater is introduced, and seawater springing from the well and sea water reservoir which arranged ore for filtering, and water quality improving water tank the sea water is water in the sea water reservoir for water quality improvement, more than one group that is filtering the are facilities to improve water quality aquarium treated seawater A filter, an evaporating water tank in which at least one purified seawater filtered by the filter is installed in an evaporation chamber, a condensing lens installed above the evaporating water tank in the evaporation chamber, A dehumidifier that is attached to the top to dew the water vapor in the evaporation chamber and restores the liquid, a water filter that purifies fresh water that has been reconstituted by the dehumidifier into drinking water, and a drinking water tank that stores the drinking water And at least The water quality improvement tank has a flow space that flows up and down from the inlet space along the outlet space in the tank, and a negative electrode plate disposed in the flow space, and uses a solar energy seawater desalination plant. Is to provide.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 is a system diagram schematically showing the entire plant. In order to make ocean water into a stable water quality from the coast of a dry zone or desert zone rich in solar thermal energy, for example, about 100 meters away. On the required land, dig a well 1 with the required depth to reach the seawater layer. The seawater in the well 1 is cut off from the ocean energy and changes in water quality over time according to the rules of land energy. The required ore is loaded on the bottom of the well 1 to start desalination of the water quality, and the seawater discharged from the well is sent to the required seawater storage tank 3 by the pump 2 to be stored. The water storage tank 3 is loaded with a required ore and subjected to natural filtration such as “molecular sieve”, “ion exchange”, “adsorption” and the like. Seawater stored in the water storage tank 3 is sent to a required water quality improvement water tank 5 by a pump 4.
[0010]
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of the configuration of the water quality improvement water tank 5. An inlet space 501 is provided in the water tank 5, and the upper window 52 is opened vertically from the bottom plate 51. A flow space 57 composed of a planting wall plate 53 and a hanging plate 56 which is vertically provided from the top plate 54 with a required space from the planting wall plate 53 and has a lower window 55 is provided along the exit direction. It is constructed sequentially in the tank. Each flow space 57 is provided with a negative electrode plate 58 attached to a predetermined position of the planting wall plate 53 and the hanging plate 56. An exit space 502 is provided adjacent to the last flow space 57.
[0011]
In this case, each planting wall plate 53 and each hanging plate 56 can be negative electrode plates.
[0012]
Therefore, the seawater fed by the pump 4 enters from above the inlet space 501 on one end side in the water quality improvement tank 5 and flows from the upper window 52 when the water surface exceeds the upper end of the first planting wall plate 53. After flowing over 57, it flows upward through the lower window 55 below the lower end of the hanging plate 56. Seawater comes into contact with the electrode plates in the process of flowing up and down, and adsorbs the positive ions of impurities contained in the seawater. The modified seawater subjected to the water quality improvement treatment is sent to a filter 7 by a pump 6 and filtered there.
[0013]
Seawater modified to a stable water quality in the water quality improvement tank 5 is sent to a filter 7 by a pump 6 and filtered there.
[0014]
The filter 7 removes impurities such as organic matter, inorganic matter, phytoplankton, zooplankton and hexane. The filtered seawater filtered by the filter 7 is sent to a required filtered seawater storage tank 9 by a pump 8. The filtered seawater stored in the filtered seawater storage tank 9 is sent to the filter 11 by the pump 10. Then, it is further filtered to remove “total nitrogen”, “total phosphorus”, “pesticide”, etc., and the salt concentration is, for example, about 0.1%.
[0015]
The purified sea water filtered by the filter 11 is pumped by a pump 12, for example, the ceiling is tempered glass, the wall surface is made of a stainless diffuse reflection plate, and the outer wall is made of heat insulating paint or heat insulating material to prevent heat dissipation. During the day, water is sent to the evaporating water tank 13 installed in one or more tanks in the evaporating chamber 21 where the temperature of the room is exceptionally high, and is normally stored up to the required water surface position.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 3, the evaporating water tank 13 comprises a surface 131 inside the tank as an irregular reflection surface so as to diffusely reflect the light beam L incident in the tank 13 and to provide an optical path to the end of each light beam. Increasing the length can also increase the efficiency of capturing light energy.
[0017]
Above the evaporating water tank 13, a condensing lens 14 for focusing solar heat (light) is arranged to collect the sunlight incident into the evaporating chamber 21 and focus it in the water tank 13, thereby The purified seawater in the water tank 13 is heated to promote heating. The condensing lens 14 may be, for example, a water lens that performs a convex lens action by putting water in a transparent container such as glass or plastic.
[0018]
The water vapor evaporates from the evaporating water tank 13 and the water vapor of the fresh water from which the salt content has been deposited and removed by gas-liquid separation from “sea vaporization” rises. A dehumidifier 15 is attached to an upper required position in the evaporation chamber 21. By the dehumidifying action, the water vapor evaporated from the evaporating water tank 13 and diffused into the evaporating chamber 21 is agglomerated and removed, thereby promoting the evaporating action from the evaporating water tank 13.
[0019]
In this case, means that can utilize solar energy as efficiently as possible for heating the evaporating water tank 13 can be appropriately disposed.
[0020]
Fresh water that has been dehydrated by the dehumidifier 15 and condensed into a liquid is collected in the fresh water storage tank 16 and stored.
[0021]
The fresh water collected in the fresh water storage tank 16 is sent to the water purification filter 18 by the pump 17, where the fresh water of unstable water quality is purified to drinking water and then sent to the drinking water tank 20 by the pump 19 for storage. .
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, the well that reaches the seawater layer, the water quality improvement tank that improves the quality of the seawater that springs from the seawater layer, and the seawater that has been subjected to the water quality improvement treatment in the water quality improvement tank are filtered. One or more filters that remove impurities such as organic matter, inorganic matter, phytoplankton, zooplankton, hexane, etc. and total nitrogen, total phosphorus, pesticides, etc., and purified seawater filtered by the filter in the evaporation chamber An evaporating water tank installed above the evaporating tank, a condensing lens installed above the evaporating water tank in the evaporating chamber, and attached above the evaporating chamber to condense water vapor in the evaporating chamber and restore the liquid Since it contains at least a dehumidifier, a water purification filter that purifies fresh water reconstituted by the dehumidifier into drinking water, and a drinking water tank that stores the drinking water, the following effects are obtained. It is done.
1. In addition to being used as drinking water in tropical and subtropical dry and desert coastal land, fresh water that can be used in many areas, such as water for domestic use and plant growth, can be purified in large quantities at low cost.
2. Since the energy required for desalination of seawater depends on inexhaustible solar heat, the economic cost of energy is zero.
3. Since it is constructed on the coastline in tropical and subtropical dry zones and desert zones, the water pipes that are piped on the earth and sand heated by the solar heat are heated, which raises the temperature of the seawater in the pipes. Can be used for preheating.
4). The temperature rising energy in the evaporation chamber can be promoted by using a condenser lens.
5. By making the inner surface of the evaporating water tank an irregular reflection surface, the absorption efficiency of light energy can be increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system diagram schematically showing an entire plant according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of the configuration of a water quality improvement tank used in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing an example of the configuration of the inner surface of the evaporation water tank used in one embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Well which reaches a seawater layer 5 Water quality improvement tanks 7 and 11 Filter 13 Evaporation water tank 131 Surface 14 inside evaporation water tank 13 Condensing lens 15 Dehumidifier 18 Water purifier 20 Drinking water tank 21 Evaporating chamber 501 Entrance space 502 Outlet space 57 Flowing space 58 Negative electrode plate

Claims (3)

In a seawater desalination plant that desalinates seawater,
The land well 1 in which ore is loaded on the bottom reaching the seawater layer into which the seawater is introduced, the seawater water tank 3 in which the ore is arranged to filter the seawater that springs from the well 1, and the seawater water tank 3 The water quality improvement tank 5 for improving the quality of the stored seawater, the one or more filters 7 and 11 for filtering the seawater treated in the water quality improvement tank 5, and the filter 7 and 11. One or more evaporative water tanks 13 in the evaporating chamber 21, a condenser lens 14 installed above the evaporating water tank 13 in the evaporating chamber 21, and the evaporating chamber 21 above the evaporating chamber 21. A dehumidifier 15 that is attached and condenses the water vapor in the evaporation chamber 21 to restore the liquid ,
The water quality improvement water tank 5 includes a flow space 57 that flows up and down from the inlet space 501 along the outlet space 502 in the tank 5 and a negative electrode plate 58 disposed in the flow space 57. Seawater desalination plant. In a seawater desalination plant that desalinates seawater,
The land well 1 in which ore is loaded on the bottom reaching the seawater layer into which the seawater is introduced, the seawater water tank 3 in which the ore is arranged to filter the seawater that springs from the well 1, and the seawater water tank 3 the water seawater and improve water quality water tank 5 to improve water quality, and the quality improvement water tank 5 at a more than a group of filtering facilities seawater processing filter machine 7,11 and filtered by the filter machine 7,11 One or more evaporative water tanks 13 in the evaporating chamber 21, a condenser lens 14 installed above the evaporating water tank 13 in the evaporating chamber 21, and the evaporating chamber 21 above the evaporating chamber 21. A dehumidifier 15 that is attached to dew the water vapor in the evaporation chamber 21 and restores the liquid, a purified water filter 18 that purifies fresh water that has been reconstituted by the dehumidifier 15 into drinking water, and stores the drinking water And at least a drinking water tank 20,
The water quality improvement water tank 5 includes a flow space 57 that flows up and down from the inlet space 501 along the outlet space 502 in the tank 5 and a negative electrode plate 58 disposed in the flow space 57. A seawater desalination plant using solar thermal energy. The seawater desalination plant using solar thermal energy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the evaporating water tank 13 has a surface 131 inside the tank as an irregular reflection surface.

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