JP2000069869A - Dual service installation for plowed and paddy fields of plastic greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dual service installation for plowed and paddy fields, capable of conducting both farm cultivation for tomato, melon, strawberry, or the like and paddy cultivation for a rice crop or the like in an identical soil of a plastic greenhouse. SOLUTION: This dual service installation for plowed and paddy fields has a reservoir 10 having piping 20 with plural water-supply opening 21 along the bottom of the reservoir 10 itself. The one end of the piping 20 is coupled with a water-service installation 30, and the other end of the piping 20 penetrates the bottom end of the side wall of the reservoir 10 to be located outside the reservoir 10 and is coupled with a horizontal motion-adjusting device to enable the height of a drain hole 22 to be adjusted. The piping 20 is buried with the layer P of permeable material and soil layer S is placed on the layer P. When the height of the hole 22 is taller than that of the upper surface of the soil layer S, the soil is helpful for a paddy field. When the height of the hole 22 is located in a nearly midway position of the soil layer S, the soil is helpful for a plowed field. When the hole 22 is on the ground G, water is drained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a field / field apparatus capable of performing both field cultivation of tomato, melon, strawberry and the like and paddy field cultivation of rice and the like in a greenhouse in the same soil. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the case of continuous cropping in which crops such as tomatoes and melons are continuously cultivated every year on the same soil in a greenhouse, continuous cropping failures occur in which the growth and harvest of the crops deteriorate year by year. Although the cause of this continuous cropping failure has not yet been completely determined, one solution is to cultivate a different crop of melon this year on the soil where tomatoes were grown last year, a so-called rotation.

[0003] However, even in this conventional crop rotation, unnecessary components such as harmful residues such as used chemicals and chemical fertilizers used in the previous crop cultivation are contained in the soil, and pests and fungi are also contained. Due to its ongoing activities, it is not always the right soil for growing new crops, and it is not an absolute solution to continuous crop failure. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the soil by replacing the soil.

Further, in conventional crop cultivation in a greenhouse, naturally, the soil on the ground G is used as a field, so that it is necessary to succumb to all operations related to crop cultivation, resulting in heavy labor. I had to be.

[0005]

[0005] In a conventional rotation that prevents continuous cropping failure, which is a problem when cultivating crops in a greenhouse, there is no need to use unnecessary pesticides and the like used in the previous cultivation in soil. Since the components remain and pests continue to be active, it cannot be said that the soil is always created to be suitable for growing new crops, and is therefore an absolute solution to continuous cropping failure. And the work involved in crop cultivation had to be hard work.

[0006]

A description will be given with reference to the drawings. In the field / field apparatus for a greenhouse of the present invention, a pipe 20 having a plurality of water inlets 21 is arranged along the bottom upper surface of the tank 10, and one end of the pipe 20 is connected to a water supply facility 30. The other end of the tank 10
It is located outside and connected to a horizontal adjustment device 40 that allows the height of the drain port 22 to be adjustable. The pipe 20 is buried with the permeable material layer P, and the soil layer S is provided on the permeable material layer P. The height of the mouth 22 is positioned higher than the upper surface of the soil layer S and used as a field, and the height of the drain port 22 is positioned almost in the middle of the soil layer S and used as a field. G is to discharge water W.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A field / field device for a greenhouse according to the present embodiment is provided on a bottom surface of a tank 10 formed by laying a transparent vinyl sheet 12 on the inner surface of a frame 11 placed on the ground G. Along a pipe 20 having a plurality of water inlets 21
Has been arranged. Further, one end of the pipe 20 is connected to the water supply equipment 30.
And the other end of the pipe 20 is located outside the tank 10 through the lower end of the side wall of the tank 10 and is connected to a horizontal adjustment device 40 that can adjust the height of the drain port 22. Further, the pipe 20 is buried with a permeable material layer P such as charcoal or gravel, and an earth layer S is provided on the permeable material layer P.

[0008] The height of the drain port 22 at the other end of the pipe 20 is located above the upper surface of the soil layer S to be used as a paddy field, and the height of the drain port 22 is located approximately in the middle of the soil layer S. This is used as a field, and the drainage port 22 is lowered to the ground G to discharge water.

In this embodiment, the water supply equipment 30 is composed of a water tank 31 for storing water and a pump 32 for pumping the water. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Of water pipes. According to the water supply equipment 30, the required amount of water W can be immediately supplied when necessary, so that flooding is easy.

The horizontal adjustment device 40 for the drain port 22 is
The pipe 20 is constituted by a flexible hose, the other end is inserted into a highly rigid pipe 41 (for example, an iron pipe) at a predetermined height, and the pipe 41 is movably attached to the side wall of the layer. . This leveling device 40
However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. For example, the drain port 22 at the other end of the pipe 20 may be fixed to the side wall of the layer without using the pipe 41. According to the horizontal adjustment device 40, the amount of water in the tank 10 can be freely adjusted only by moving the drain port 22 up and down, so that the water W in the tank 10 can always be maintained at a required amount.

The operation of the field / field apparatus for a greenhouse will be described. When the apparatus is used as a field, the height of the drain port 22 at the other end of the pipe 20 is positioned at a height h which is about the middle of the soil layer S. In this state, the pipe 2
When the water is supplied to 0, the water is injected into the tank 10 from the water inlet 21 of the pipe 20, and the water W is stored to about the middle of the soil layer S, that is, to the same level as the drain port 22. Any more water is discharged from the drain 22.

[0012] In this state, since there is always abundant water W up to the middle of the soil layer S, these crops sufficiently absorb water from their roots in the upland cultivation of, for example, tomatoes, melons, and strawberries. can do. The water W may contain a liquid fertilizer necessary for cultivation.

When strawberry is cultivated, if water is applied from above the strawberry fruit, the surface of the strawberry becomes moist and easily rots. However, if the device of the present invention is used, sufficient water can be provided from the strawberry root. Since there is no need to supply water from above, it is possible to prevent such a problem that it is easily rotten.

When the field / field apparatus for a greenhouse used as a field is used as a paddy field, water is supplied to the pipe 20 while the height H of the drain port 22 is positioned higher than the upper surface of the soil layer S. Supply. Thereby, in the tank 10, the water W is supplied to above the upper surface of the soil layer S to form a paddy field,
Rice cultivation can be performed in this paddy field.

Here, it should be noted that the formation of the paddy field causes the entire soil layer S to be immersed in the water W to be in an oxygen-deficient state. The pests and fungi that had been active in the area were completely destroyed, and the rice cultivated in the paddy field was not damaged by the pests. It is inferior.

When the field / field equipment for a greenhouse used as a paddy field is to be used again as a field, the drain port 22
And the water W in the tank 10 is drawn out. As a result, components such as potassium chloride and other fertilizers and insecticides used in upland cultivation can be discharged together with the water W.
Is activated and becomes suitable for growing new crops, and it is possible to prevent continuous cropping injury. Therefore, it is not necessary to replace the soil for soil improvement.

In the field / field apparatus for a greenhouse of the present invention, upland cultivation and paddy cultivation can be performed alternately, or upland cultivation or paddy cultivation can be performed continuously. When the upland cultivation is continuously performed, after the previous upland cultivation is completed, water is supplied into the tank 10 to immerse the entire soil layer S in the water W, thereby eliminating pests and disease and bacteria. Next, all the water W in the tank 10 is discharged, and the components of the fertilizer and the insecticide used in the previous field cultivation are discharged together with the water W to recover the soil vitality of the damaged soil layer S. Thereby, continuous cropping injury can be prevented.

In the field / field apparatus for a greenhouse according to the present invention, the water permeable material layer P is formed at the bottom of the tank 10 and the soil layer S is formed thereon. Is significantly higher than the ground G. Therefore, the worker can stand and work without bending as in the past,
Work efficiency is greatly improved.

[0019]

The present invention can be used for both fields and paddy fields by adjusting the amount of water in the tank 10.
Further, by supplying water W into the tank 10 and immersing the whole soil layer S in water, pests lurking in the soil layer S can be completely eliminated, and the water W is discharged to be contained in the soil layer S. However, since harmful residues such as used chemicals and chemical fertilizers can be reliably removed, the soil vitality of the soil layer S can be promptly restored, and continuous cropping injury can be prevented. .

Further, in the field / field apparatus for a greenhouse according to the present invention, the water permeable material layer P is formed at the bottom of the tank 10 and the earth layer S is formed thereon, so that the worker can bend. And can work while standing, greatly improving work efficiency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view showing a state where a paddy field is used in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial vertical cross-sectional front view showing a state of use as a field in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial vertical cross-sectional front view showing a state where water is discharged in one embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 tank 11 frame 12 vinyl sheet 20 pipe 21 water inlet 22 drain outlet 30 water supply equipment 31 water tank 32 pump 40 leveling device 41 pipe G ground H water surface height in field h water surface height in field S soil layer P water permeable material Layer W Water

Claims (1)

[Claims] A pipe (20) having a plurality of water inlets (21) is arranged along a bottom upper surface of a tank (10), and a pipe (2) is provided.
0) is connected to the water supply equipment (30), and the other end of the pipe (20) is penetrated through the lower end of the side wall of the tank (10).
0) connected to a leveling device (40) that is located outside and that can adjust the height of its drainage port (22);
Is buried in the permeable material layer (P), the soil layer (S) is provided on the permeable material layer (P), and the height of the drain port (22) is positioned higher than the upper surface of the soil layer (S). Use as
The height of the drain (22) is located approximately in the middle of the soil layer (S) and used as a field, and the drain (22) is further grounded (G).
And field equipment for greenhouses that discharge water (W).