JP2000008759A - Construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a construction machine which prevents horizontal reaction from acting upon a front bracket and a supporting arm from a leader, and facilitate fine adjustment of a pile core position. SOLUTION: A construction machine is provided with a self-advancing vehicle 14 with a front bracket 10 provided at the front and with a back stay 12 derrickingly disposed at the rear, and a leader 20 with its lower part supported by the front bracket 10 and with its upper part supported by the back stay 12 derrickingly by the expansion of the back stay 12. The self-advancing vehicle 14 is provided with a third supporting means 22 for supporting the leader 20 in a lower position than a position of supporting the leader 20 by the front bracket 10, so that the leader 20 is supported by the front bracket 10, the back stay 12 and the third supporting means 22.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a construction machine such as an excavator and a pile driver, and more particularly to an improvement in a method for supporting a leader of a construction machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 8, a construction machine (16) for foundation work, such as an excavator or a pile driver, has a leader (14) in front of a self-propelled vehicle (14) almost perpendicular to the ground. A working device (30) equipped with an auger screw, a drilling screw, a pile, etc. is provided in the leader (20) so as to be able to move up and down, and the auger screw and the like are inserted and pressed into the ground. He performs various operations such as excavation and pile driving. Construction Machinery (16)
Has a front bracket (10) in front of the self-propelled vehicle (14), and a support arm (32) is pivotally supported by the front bracket so as to be swingable in the front-rear direction. In addition, self-propelled vehicles (14)
A pair of back stays (12) each composed of a long hydraulic cylinder device are pivotally supported above and below.

The leader (20) is a long tubular body, and a guide rail (34) for guiding the working device (30) up and down on the front surface.
Are formed. Above and below the reader (20), a reader rotating part (4) rotatable about the axis of the reader (20) is provided.
0) and (42) are formed. The upper reader rotating part (40) is supported by the back stay (12), the lower leader rotating part (42) is supported by the support arm (32), and the reader (20) is moved in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. Swingable. The lower reader rotating section (42) is connected to rotating means (44) such as a motor, and when the rotating means (44) is rotated, the reader (20) is turned on by the reader rotating section (40) (42). Relative to the reader (2
The direction of 0) can be changed by about 90 °.

In the construction machine (16) having the above configuration, the leader
When both back stays (12) are contracted from the state where (20) is raised, the reader (20) is stored until it is almost parallel to the ground. When the back stays (12) are extended from the state in which the reader (20) is stored, the reader (20) can be raised. When the left and right back stays (12) are expanded and contracted with the leader (20) standing up, the standing angle of the leader (20) can be adjusted. If it is necessary to replace the working device (30), add or replace piles, auger screws, etc.
By driving 4) and rotating the reader (20) by about 90 °, these operations can be performed smoothly.

[0005]

The weight of the leader (20), the working device (30), the auger screw and the pile attached to the working device (30) and the weight of the excavation The reaction force generated by various operations acts. Of the reaction force generated by the operation, the reaction force generated by rotation of the auger screw or the like acts in the direction of arrow A in FIG. This reaction force acts on the support arm (32) and the back stay (12) from the leader (20). In particular, when the working device is moving below the support arm (32) (shown by (31) in FIG. 8), the rotational reaction force hardly acts on the back stay (12), and Part directly supports arm
(32), the connecting portion between the leader (20) and the support arm (32) (portion B in FIG. 8), the support arm (32) and the front bracket
There is a possibility that the connecting portion (part C in FIG. 8) with (10) may be damaged.

[0006] Conventionally, the positioning of the core of a pile such as an auger screw or a pile has been adjusted by expanding and contracting the back stay (12). However, since the back stay (12) supports the vicinity of the upper end of the leader (20), it was difficult to finely adjust the position of the pile core.

An object of the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and prevents a horizontal reaction force from acting on a front bracket or a support arm from a leader and facilitates fine adjustment of a pile core position. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction machine that can be used for construction.

[0008]

In order to solve the above problems, a construction machine according to the present invention is provided with third supporting means for supporting a leader below a supporting arm (32).
(20) is supported by the front bracket (10), the back stay (12) and the third support means (22). The reader (20) includes a first reader (24) supported by the front bracket (10) and the back stay (12), and a first reader (24).
A second reader (26) disposed at the lower end of the reader (24) and supported by third support means (22);
Preferably, (26) is rotatable relative to the first reader (24). It is desirable that the third support means (22) is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the reader (20) so as to support a horizontal force acting on the reader (20). Third support means
As (22), it is desirable to use a telescopic device, and an example of the hydraulic cylinder device (28) can be given.

[0009]

[Function] Vertical loads such as the dead weight of the leader (20) and the working device (30) are supported by the front bracket (10).
A horizontal load, for example, a rotational reaction force of an auger screw or the like is supported by the back stay (12) and the third support means (22). By preventing almost any horizontal load from being applied from the leader (20) to the front bracket (10), it is possible to prevent damage to the link between the leader (20) and the front bracket (10). In particular, the third support means (2
By disposing 2) in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the reader (20) and vertically supporting the reader (20), the third support means (22) efficiently receives a horizontal reaction force. be able to.
Further, by extending and contracting the third support means (22), the standing angle of the reader (20) can be adjusted. Third support means (2) disposed below the front bracket (10)
Adjustment of the pile center position by 2) allows fine adjustment because the action point is located lower than adjustment of the pile center position by the back stay (12) that supports the upper end of the leader (20). It is.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As shown in FIG. 1, a construction machine (16) includes a front bracket (10) in front of a self-propelled vehicle (14) running on a crawler, and a self-propelled vehicle (14). A pair of back stays (12) are arranged to be able to undulate in the upper part behind the center.

A support arm (32) is pivotally supported at the tip of the front bracket (10). In the following, an embodiment in which the support arm (32) is attached to the front bracket (10) and the reader (20) is supported by the support arm (32) will be described.
The present invention can also be applied to a construction machine having a configuration in which (20) is directly supported by the front bracket (10). Support arm (32)
As shown in FIG. 3, a pair of support plates (50) are pivotally supported coaxially with the support arms (32) between the front bracket (10) and the front bracket (10). The lower side of both support plates (50) is the support arm (32)
Are connected by an auxiliary plate (52) for restricting the swing of the motor. Also, the lower end of the support plate (50) and the self-propelled vehicle (14)
Are connected to each other by a hydraulic cylinder device (54) for swinging the support arm, and the support plate (50) swings by expanding and contracting the hydraulic cylinder device (54). A small locking hydraulic cylinder device (57) is attached to the front lower end of the support arm (32) so that the piston rod (56) projects downward. At the front end of the support plate (50), a locking hole (58) into which the piston rod (56) is inserted is opened, and the lower end of the support arm (32) is brought into contact with the auxiliary plate (52). When the lock hydraulic cylinder device (57) is extended in this state, the piston rod is fitted into the lock hole (58), and the support arm (32) is fixed to the support plate (50). In this state, when the hydraulic cylinder device (54) for swinging the support arm is expanded and contracted, the support arm (3
2) swings back and forth integrally with the support plate (50).

The lower part of the front bracket (10) is shown in FIG.
As shown in (3), third support means (22) for supporting the reader (20)
Is provided. As the third support means (22), a pair of hydraulic cylinder devices (28) (28) shown in FIG. 5 can be exemplified. One end of each hydraulic cylinder device (28) is pivotally supported at the lower part of the front bracket (10). FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of a hydraulic cylinder device serving as the third support means (22). As shown in the figure, the left and right hydraulic cylinder devices (28) (28)
Are double-acting cylinders, each of which has a working chamber (62) (62) on the cylinder side and a working chamber (64) (6) on the piston rod side.
4) The pipes (66) and (66) communicate with each other, and each working chamber (62) (64) of one hydraulic cylinder device (28)
Is connected to a hydraulic feeder (60) provided in the self-propelled vehicle (14). For this reason, the hydraulic pressure between the cylinder side working chambers (62) and (62) is the same, and the piston rod side working chamber (64)
(64) The hydraulic pressure between them is the same. The hydraulic cylinder devices may be independently connected to the hydraulic feed device. Further, only one hydraulic cylinder device may be provided.

The reader (20) is a long tubular body having a substantially rectangular cross section, and as shown in FIG. 1, the leader (20) is connected to the back stay (12) and the support arm (32) upward and downward, respectively. A first reader (24) having rotating parts (40) and (42) formed thereon, and a pivot extending to the lower end of the first reader (24) so as to be rotatable concentrically with the axis of the first reader (24). And is formed from the second reader (26) supported by the third support means (22). A pair of guide rails (34) for guiding the working device (30) are formed in the longitudinal direction on the front surfaces of the first reader (24) and the second reader (26). As shown in FIG. 3, the leader rotating part (42) below the first leader (24) is supported by a support arm via a cross joint (70).
(32), and can swing in the front-rear direction and the lateral direction around the connection portion. 1st leader (24)
The upper reader rotating part (40) is connected to both back stays (12) through a cross joint (72), and the front and rear direction and the vertical plane of the reader (20) are centered on the connecting part. It is rotatable. In addition, the second reader (26) has FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, a bracket (74) is provided. Third
The support means (22) is, as shown in FIG.
Is connected via a cross joint (76) to the second
The leader (26) is swingable with respect to the third support means (22) in the front-rear direction and in the vertical plane of the leader (20). The support between the second leader (26) and the third support means (22) can be performed by inserting a pin (78) into the cross joint (76), and by pulling out the pin (78), the second reader (26) is supported.
(26) and the third support means (22) can be separated.

FIG. 4 shows a first reader (24) and a second reader (26).
It is an enlarged view which shows the connection part with. Flanges (80) and (82) are formed at the lower end of the first reader (24) and the upper end of the second reader (26). In the vicinity of the upper end of the second leader (26), a rotation stop mechanism (90) comprising a hydraulic cylinder device (88) to which a cylinder (86) is fixed so that the piston rod (84) can extend and retract upward. Equipped. First reader (24) and second reader
At each flange of (26), a first reader (24) and a second reader (2
When the hydraulic cylinder device (88) is extended by aligning the guide rail (34) of (6) so as to be in a straight line, the fixing hole (92) ( 92)
Has been established respectively. When the first leader (24) and the second leader (26) are aligned so that the guide rail (34) is located on a straight line, and the hydraulic cylinder device (88) of the rotation stop mechanism (90) is extended, the piston The rod (84) fits into the fixing holes (92) (92) of the flanges (80) (82), and the second leader (26) is fixed to the first leader (24). The hydraulic cylinder device (8
8) When the piston rod (84) is retracted, the fixing holes (92) (92)
, The second reader (26) becomes rotatable with respect to the first reader (24).

The operation of the construction machine (16) having the above configuration will be described. When the construction machine (16) is not used, for example, when it is stored or moved, the reader (20) is stored while being tilted until it is substantially parallel to the ground. At this time, the second reader (2
6) and the third support means (22) are separated. The backstay (12) is extended from the state where the reader (20) is stored, and the reader (20) is erected. After erecting the reader (20) until it is substantially perpendicular to the ground, the third support means (22) and the second
Connect the reader (26). As shown in FIG. 1, the reader (20)
Various operations are performed with the computer standing upright. For example,
When performing excavation work, first raise the working device (30) with the auger screw near the top of the leader (20), extend and retract the hydraulic cylinder device to adjust the tilt of the support arm (32), and The stay (12) is expanded and contracted to roughly align with the excavation position. At this time, if the supply and discharge of oil from the hydraulic supply means (not shown) to the third support means (22) are stopped, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the cylinder side working chamber (62) (62) Since oil flows between the piston rod side working chambers (64) and (64), the back stay (12) tilts the leader (20) in the third direction.
The support means (22) follows. For this reason, the backstay (12)
There is no need to control the third support means (22) in accordance with the expansion and contraction of.

After rough positioning by the back stay (12), oil is supplied to and discharged from the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) and (28) of the third support means (22) if necessary, and the third
The support means (22) is extended and contracted to finely align the leader pile core. Since the third support means (22) supports the lower part of the leader (20), the third support means (22) has a higher core than a case where the positioning is performed by the back stay (12) supporting the upper part of the leader (20). Fine adjustment of the position is possible. When the alignment of the pile core is completed, the auger screw is rotated while lowering the working device (30) to excavate the ground. The rotation reaction force transmitted from the working device (30) to the reader (20) by the excavation work acts in the direction of arrow A in FIG. Since this reaction force is received by the third support means (22) and the back stay (12), it does not act on the support arm (32). In particular, even when the working device (30) is located below the link between the support arm (32) and the reader (20), the reaction force in the direction of arrow A is received by the third support means (22), and It has no effect on the arm (32). Therefore, the support arm (32)
Is not damaged by the rotational reaction force.

When adding or replacing the auger screw or replacing the working device (30), the rotation stop mechanism (90)
Of the first hydraulic cylinder device (88) and the first leader (24)
The lock of the reader (26) is released, and the rotating means (44) is driven to rotate only the first reader (24) by about 90 ° as shown in FIG. At this time, the second reader (26) is connected to the third support means.
Since it is supported by (22), it does not rotate integrally with the first reader (24). Therefore, for example, when performing the work of press-fitting while rotating the pile, when adding the pile, it is necessary to rotate the already pressed pile (96) in the ground,
In such a case, as shown in FIG.
6) Attach a pile rotation means (94) equipped with a motor for rotating the pile, a deceleration mechanism, etc., and use the pile rotation means (94) when the first leader (24) is rotated to add piles. The stake (96) may be rotated at a low speed. The conventional leader has a disadvantage that the underground pile cannot be rotated when the pile is added. After attaching a new auger screw or the like to the working device (30), the first leader (24) is rotated 90 ° in the opposite direction to the above, so that the guide rail (34) of the first leader (24) and the second Align the guide rail (34) of the leader (26), extend the hydraulic cylinder device of the detent mechanism (90), connect the first leader (24) and the second leader (26), and perform excavation work. I just need.

When the reader (20) is stored while being tilted to a state substantially parallel to the ground, the third support means (22) and the second reader
Disconnect the connection of (26), shorten the backstay (12),
Shrink the hydraulic cylinder device (54) for swinging the support arm (
2) You can lean backward. This allows the reader (20)
Are stored tilted until they are almost parallel to the ground.

In the above-described embodiment, the leader (20) is stored by tilting the support arm (32) backward. However, the reader (20) may be stored by tilting the support arm (32) forward. . in this case,
As shown in FIG. 3, with the lock hydraulic cylinder device (57) extended and the support plate (50) and the support arm (32) fixed, the support arm swing hydraulic cylinder device (54) is extended. The back stay (12) may be contracted while tilting the support arm (32) forward. During normal operation, support arm (32) and support plate
The lock with (50) may be released.

[0020]

According to the construction machine (16) of the present invention, the leader
The vertical load of (20) is received by the support arm (32), and the rotational reaction force generated by various operations, particularly the reaction force in the front-rear direction (arrow A direction in FIG. 2) is reduced by the back stay (12) and the third support. When received by the means (22), it hardly acts on the support arm (32) and the front bracket (10). For this reason, the leader (20) and the support arm (32),
The connecting portion with the front bracket (10) is not damaged by these reaction forces. In particular, when the third support means (22) is provided so that the third support means (22) and the reader (20) are orthogonal to each other, the horizontal reaction force acting on the reader (20) is reduced by the third support means ( 22) can be received efficiently. In addition, since the fine adjustment of the pile core can be performed by the third support means (22) below the leader, the positioning can be performed with higher accuracy than in the past. Further, the third support means (22) is composed of a pair of hydraulic cylinder devices (28) (28), and the cylinder side working chambers (62) (62) of the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) (28) If the side working chambers (64) and (64) are communicated with each other, the third support means (22) follows the tilt of the leader (20) by the back stay (12). ) It is not necessary to control the supply and discharge of the hydraulic pressure to (28).

The description of the above embodiments is for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention described in the appended claims or reducing the scope thereof. Further, the configuration of each part of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the technical scope described in the claims.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a construction machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the construction machine when the working device is moved downward.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a support arm.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a connection portion between a first reader and a second reader.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a third supporting means.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a third supporting means.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the construction machine showing a state where the pile rotating means is attached to the second leader and the first leader is rotated by 90 °.

FIG. 8 is a side view of a conventional construction machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (10) Front bracket (12) Backstay (14) Self-propelled vehicle (16) Construction machine (20) Leader (22) Third support means (24) First leader (26) Second leader (32) Support arm

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A front bracket (10) is provided at the front,
A self-propelled vehicle (14) having a backstay (12) that can extend and retract rearward, a lower bracket supported by the front bracket (10), and an upper bracket supported by the backstay (12); In a construction machine having a leader (20) that can be raised and lowered by expansion and contraction of (12), the self-propelled vehicle (14) is positioned at a position below the support position of the leader (20) by the front bracket (10). ), The reader (20) includes a front bracket (10), a backstay
A construction machine supported by (12) and third support means (22). 2. The leader (20) includes a front bracket (10).
And a first reader (2) supported by a backstay (12).
4), and extended to the lower end of the first reader (24),
The construction of claim 1, comprising a second reader (26) supported by the support means (22), the second reader (26) being rotatable relative to the first reader (24). machine. 3. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the third support means (22) is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the leader (20). 4. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the third support means is extendable and contractible. 5. The third support means (22) is a hydraulic cylinder device.
The construction machine according to claim 4, which is (28).