JP2000027580A - Construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a construction machine that can prevent a reaction force from working horizontally from a leader onto a front bracket and a support arm, and can execute easily fine adjustment for positions of pile centers. SOLUTION: In a construction machine that is equipped with a self-propelled vehicle 14 having a front bracket 10 at its front and a back stay 12 at its rear so that it can be risen and fallen and a leader 20 held at its lower part with the front bracket 10 and held at its upper part with the back stay 12 while being capable of rising and falling by means of expansion and contraction of the back stay 12, the self-propelled vehicle 14 is equipped with oil hydraulic cylinders 28, 28 that support the leader 20 at positions lower than where the leader 20 is supported with the front bracket 10, and the leader 20 is supported respectively with the front bracket 10, the back stay 12 and the oil hydraulic cylinders 28, 28.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a construction machine such as an excavator and a pile driver, and more particularly to an improvement in a method for supporting a leader of a construction machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 8, a construction machine (16) for foundation work, such as an excavator or a pile driver, has a leader (14) in front of a self-propelled vehicle (14) almost perpendicular to the ground. A working device (30) equipped with an auger screw, a drilling screw, a pile, etc. is provided in the leader (20) so as to be able to move up and down, and the auger screw and the like are inserted and pressed into the ground. He performs various operations such as excavation and pile driving. Construction Machinery (16)
Has a front bracket (10) in front of the self-propelled vehicle (14), and a support arm (32) is pivotally supported by the front bracket so as to be swingable in the front-rear direction. In addition, self-propelled vehicles (14)
A pair of back stays (12) each composed of a long hydraulic cylinder device are pivotally supported above and below.

The leader (20) is a long tubular body, and a guide rail (34) for guiding the working device (30) up and down on the front surface.
Are formed. Above and below the reader (20), a reader rotating part (4) rotatable about the axis of the reader (20) is provided.
0) and (42) are formed. The upper reader rotating part (40) is supported by the back stay (12), the lower leader rotating part (42) is supported by the support arm (32), and the reader (20) is moved in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. Swingable. The lower reader rotating section (42) is connected to rotating means (44) such as a motor, and when the rotating means (44) is rotated, the reader (20) is turned on by the reader rotating section (40) (42). Relative to the reader (2
The direction of 0) can be changed by about 90 °.

In the construction machine (16) having the above configuration, the leader
When both back stays (12) are contracted from the state where (20) is raised, the reader (20) is stored until it is almost parallel to the ground. When the back stays (12) are extended from the state in which the reader (20) is stored, the reader (20) can be raised. When the left and right back stays (12) are expanded and contracted with the leader (20) standing up, the standing angle of the leader (20) can be adjusted. If it is necessary to replace the working device (30), add or replace piles, auger screws, etc.
By driving 4) and rotating the reader (20) by about 90 °, these operations can be performed smoothly.

[0005]

The weight of the leader (20), the working device (30), the auger screw and the pile attached to the working device (30) and the weight of the excavation The reaction force generated by various operations acts. Of the reaction force generated by the operation, the reaction force generated by rotation of the auger screw or the like acts in the direction of arrow A in FIG. This reaction force acts on the support arm (32) and the back stay (12) from the leader (20). In particular, when the working device is moving below the support arm (32) (shown by (31) in FIG. 8), the rotational reaction force hardly acts on the back stay (12), and Part directly supports arm
(32), the connecting portion between the leader (20) and the support arm (32) (portion B in FIG. 8), the support arm (32) and the front bracket
There is a possibility that the connecting portion (part C in FIG. 8) with (10) may be damaged.

[0006] Conventionally, the positioning of the core of a pile such as an auger screw or a pile has been adjusted by expanding and contracting the back stay (12). However, since the back stay (12) supports the vicinity of the upper end of the leader (20), it was difficult to finely adjust the position of the pile core.

An object of the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and prevents a horizontal reaction force from acting on a front bracket or a support arm from a leader and facilitates fine adjustment of a pile core position. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction machine that can be used for construction.

[0008]

In order to solve the above problems, a construction machine according to the present invention is provided with a pair of hydraulic cylinder devices (28) and (28) for supporting a leader below a support arm (32). The leader (20) is supported by a front bracket (10), a back stay (12), and hydraulic cylinder devices (28) (28). The leader (20) is provided at a lower end of the first reader (24) supported by the front bracket (10) and the back stay (12), and is disposed at a lower end of the first reader (24). Second supported by
A reader (26), and a second reader (26) is a first reader.
It is desirable to be able to rotate relative to (24).
It is preferable that the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) and (28) are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the leader (20) so as to support a horizontal force acting on the leader (20).

[0009]

[Function] Vertical loads such as the dead weight of the leader (20) and the working device (30) are supported by the front bracket (10).
The horizontal load, such as the rotation reaction force of an auger screw, etc., is applied to the back stay (12) and the hydraulic cylinder device (28) (28)
Backed by. Front bracket from reader (20)
By preventing almost any horizontal load from being applied to (10), it is possible to prevent the connecting portion between the leader (20) and the front bracket (10) from being damaged. In particular, if the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) and (28) are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the leader (20) and the leader (20) is supported vertically, the horizontal reaction force can be efficiently reduced. Hydraulic cylinder device (28) (2
8) can be received. Also, hydraulic cylinder device (28)
By extending and contracting (28), the standing angle of the reader (20) can be adjusted. When the position of the core of the pile is adjusted by the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) and (28) arranged below the front bracket (10), the backstay (12) supporting the upper end of the leader (20) supports the pile. Fine adjustment is possible because the action point is located lower than the adjustment of the center position.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As shown in FIG. 1, a construction machine (16) includes a front bracket (10) in front of a self-propelled vehicle (14) running on a crawler, and a self-propelled vehicle (14). A pair of back stays (12) are arranged to be able to undulate in the upper part behind the center.

A support arm (32) is pivotally supported at the tip of the front bracket (10). In the following, an embodiment in which the support arm (32) is attached to the front bracket (10) and the reader (20) is supported by the support arm (32) will be described.
The present invention can also be applied to a construction machine having a configuration in which (20) is directly supported by the front bracket (10). Support arm (32)
As shown in FIG. 3, a pair of support plates (50) are pivotally supported coaxially with the support arms (32) between the front bracket (10) and the front bracket (10). The lower side of both support plates (50) is the support arm (32)
Are connected by an auxiliary plate (52) for restricting the swing of the motor. Also, the lower end of the support plate (50) and the self-propelled vehicle (14)
Are connected to each other by a hydraulic cylinder device (54) for swinging the support arm, and the support plate (50) swings by expanding and contracting the hydraulic cylinder device (54). A small locking hydraulic cylinder device (57) is attached to the front lower end of the support arm (32) so that the piston rod (56) projects downward. At the front end of the support plate (50), a locking hole (58) into which the piston rod (56) is inserted is opened, and the lower end of the support arm (32) is brought into contact with the auxiliary plate (52). When the lock hydraulic cylinder device (57) is extended in this state, the piston rod is fitted into the lock hole (58), and the support arm (32) is fixed to the support plate (50). In this state, when the hydraulic cylinder device (54) for swinging the support arm is expanded and contracted, the support arm (3
2) swings back and forth integrally with the support plate (50).

The lower part of the front bracket (10) is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, a hydraulic cylinder device supporting the reader (20)
(28) and (28) are provided. Hydraulic cylinder device (28) (28)
Has one end pivotally supported by a lower portion of the front bracket (10). Each of the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) and (28) shown in FIG. 5 is a double-acting cylinder, and has a cylinder-side working chamber (62) (6).
2) The working chambers (64) and (64) on the piston rod side communicate with each other via pipes (66) and (66), and the working chambers (62) ( 64) is a self-propelled vehicle
It is connected to a hydraulic feeding device (60) provided in (14).
Therefore, the hydraulic pressure between the cylinder-side working chambers (62) and (62) is the same, and the hydraulic pressure between the piston rod-side working chambers (64) and (64) is also the same. In addition, the hydraulic cylinder device (28) (28)
Each may be independently connected to the hydraulic feeder.

The reader (20) is a long tubular body having a substantially rectangular cross section, and as shown in FIG. 1, the leader (20) is connected to the back stay (12) and the support arm (32) upward and downward, respectively. A first reader (24) having rotating parts (40) and (42) formed thereon, and a pivot extending to the lower end of the first reader (24) so as to be rotatable concentrically with the axis of the first reader (24). It is formed from the second leader (26) supported by the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) (28). Working devices are respectively provided on the front surfaces of the first reader (24) and the second reader (26).
A pair of guide rails (34) for guiding (30) are formed in the longitudinal direction. The reader rotating portion (4) below the first reader (24)
3), as shown in FIG. 3, is connected to the support arm (32) via a cross joint (70), and is swingable in the front-rear direction and the lateral direction around the connection portion. . First
The reader rotating part (40) above the leader (24) is connected to both back stays (12) via a cross joint (72), and the front and rear direction and the leader (20) are centered on the connecting part. It is rotatable in a vertical plane. In addition, the second reader (2
6) is provided with a bracket (74) as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) and (28) are connected to the bracket (74) via a cross joint (76).
(28) It is swingable with respect to (28) in the front-rear direction and in the vertical plane of the reader (20). The support between the second leader (26) and the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) (28) is made by pinning the cross joint (76).
(78).
By pulling out (78), the second leader (26) and the hydraulic cylinder devices (28), (28) can be separated.

FIG. 4 shows a first reader (24) and a second reader (26).
It is an enlarged view which shows the connection part with. Flanges (80) and (82) are formed at the lower end of the first reader (24) and the upper end of the second reader (26). In the vicinity of the upper end of the second leader (26), a rotation stop mechanism (90) comprising a hydraulic cylinder device (88) to which a cylinder (86) is fixed so that the piston rod (84) can extend and retract upward. Equipped. First reader (24) and second reader
At each flange of (26), a first reader (24) and a second reader (2
When the hydraulic cylinder device (88) is extended by aligning the guide rail (34) of (6) so as to be in a straight line, the fixing hole (92) ( 92)
Has been established respectively. When the first leader (24) and the second leader (26) are aligned so that the guide rail (34) is located on a straight line, and the hydraulic cylinder device (88) of the rotation stop mechanism (90) is extended, the piston The rod (84) fits into the fixing holes (92) (92) of the flanges (80) (82), and the second leader (26) is fixed to the first leader (24). The hydraulic cylinder device (8
8) When the piston rod (84) is retracted, the fixing holes (92) (92)
, The second reader (26) becomes rotatable with respect to the first reader (24).

The operation of the construction machine (16) having the above configuration will be described. When the construction machine (16) is not used, for example, when it is stored or moved, the reader (20) is stored while being tilted until it is substantially parallel to the ground. At this time, the second reader (2
6) and the hydraulic cylinder device (28) (28) are separated. The backstay (12) is extended from the state where the reader (20) is stored, and the reader (20) is erected. After the leader (20) is erected until it is substantially perpendicular to the ground, the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) (28) and the second leader (26) are connected. As shown in FIG. 1, various operations are performed with the reader (20) standing upright. For example, when performing excavation work, first, the working device (30) with the auger screw is raised to near the upper part of the reader (20), and the tilt of the support arm (32) is adjusted by expanding and contracting the hydraulic cylinder device. The backstay (12) is expanded and contracted to roughly align with the excavation position. At this time, if the supply and discharge of the oil from the hydraulic pressure supply means (not shown) to the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) and (28) are stopped, as shown in FIGS. 62)
(62) The hydraulic cylinder devices (28) and (28) follow the tilt of the leader (20) due to the back stay (12) because the oil moves between the piston rod side working chambers (64) and (64). . Therefore, it is not necessary to control the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) (28) in accordance with the expansion and contraction of the back stay (12).

After rough positioning by the back stay (12), if necessary, the hydraulic cylinder device (28)
Oil is supplied to and discharged from (28), and the hydraulic cylinder device (28) (2
8) Extend and retract to finely align the leader pile core. Since the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) (28) support the lower part of the leader (20), compared with the case where the positioning is performed by the back stay (12) supporting the upper part of the leader (20), Fine adjustment of the pile center position is possible. When the alignment of the pile core is completed, the auger screw is rotated while lowering the working device (30) to excavate the ground. The rotation reaction force transmitted from the working device (30) to the reader (20) by the excavation work acts in the direction of arrow A in FIG. Since this reaction force is received by the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) and (28) and the back stay (12), it does not act on the support arm (32). In particular, working equipment
Even when (30) is located below the link between the support arm (32) and the leader (20), the reaction force in the direction of arrow A is received by the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) and (28), and the support arm ( Does not work on 32). Therefore, the support arm (32) is not damaged by the rotational reaction force.

When adding or replacing the auger screw or replacing the working device (30), the rotation stop mechanism (90)
Of the first hydraulic cylinder device (88) and the first leader (24)
The lock of the reader (26) is released, and the rotating means (44) is driven to rotate only the first reader (24) by about 90 ° as shown in FIG. At this time, since the second leader (26) is supported by the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) (28), it does not rotate integrally with the first leader (24). Therefore, for example, when performing the work of press-fitting while rotating the pile, when adding the pile, it is necessary to rotate the already pressed-in pile (96) in the ground, but in such a case As shown in FIG. 7, a pile rotating means (94) equipped with a motor for rotating the pile, a speed reduction mechanism, etc. is attached to the second leader (26), and the first leader (24) is rotated to add the pile. When performing, the underground pile (96) may be rotated at low speed by the pile rotating means (94). The conventional leader has a disadvantage that the underground pile cannot be rotated when the pile is added. After attaching a new auger screw or the like to the working device (30), the first leader (24) is rotated 90 ° in the opposite direction to the above, so that the guide rail (34) of the first leader (24) and the second Align the guide rail (34) of the leader (26), extend the hydraulic cylinder device of the detent mechanism (90), connect the first leader (24) and the second leader (26), and perform excavation work. I just need.

When the leader (20) is stored in a state of being tilted to a state substantially parallel to the ground, the connection between the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) and (28) and the second leader (26) is released, and the back stay (12) is disconnected. At the same time, the hydraulic cylinder device (54) for swinging the support arm may be contracted to tilt the support arm (32) backward. As a result, the reader (20) is stored tilted until it is substantially parallel to the ground.

In the above-described embodiment, the leader (20) is stored by tilting the support arm (32) backward. However, the reader (20) may be stored by tilting the support arm (32) forward. . in this case,
As shown in FIG. 3, with the lock hydraulic cylinder device (57) extended and the support plate (50) and the support arm (32) fixed, the support arm swing hydraulic cylinder device (54) is extended. The back stay (12) may be contracted while tilting the support arm (32) forward. During normal operation, support arm (32) and support plate
The lock with (50) may be released.

[0020]

According to the construction machine (16) of the present invention, the leader
The vertical load of (20) is received by the support arm (32), and the rotational reaction force generated by various operations, particularly the reaction force in the front-rear direction (the direction of the arrow A in FIG. 2) is reduced by the back stay (12) and the hydraulic cylinder device. (2
8) (28), support arm (32) and front bracket (1
It has almost no effect on 0). Therefore, the connecting portion between the leader (20), the support arm (32), and the front bracket (10) is not damaged by the reaction force. In particular, when the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) and (28) are arranged so that the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) and (28) are orthogonal to the leader (20), the horizontal reaction force acting on the leader (20) is reduced by the hydraulic pressure. It can be efficiently received by the cylinder devices (28) (28). Further, since the fine adjustment of the pile core can be performed by the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) below the leader, the positioning can be performed more accurately than in the past. Further, the cylinder side working chambers (62) and (62) of the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) (28)
(64) If you let each other communicate,
(12) The tilting of the leader (20) by the hydraulic cylinder device (28)
Since (28) follows, there is no need to control the supply and discharge of hydraulic pressure to and from the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) and (28).

The description of the above embodiments is for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention described in the appended claims or reducing the scope thereof. Further, the configuration of each part of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the technical scope described in the claims.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a construction machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the construction machine when the working device is moved downward.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a support arm.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a connection portion between a first reader and a second reader.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a hydraulic cylinder device.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a hydraulic cylinder device.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the construction machine showing a state where the pile rotating means is attached to the second leader and the first leader is rotated by 90 °.

FIG. 8 is a side view of a conventional construction machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (10) Front bracket (12) Backstay (14) Self-propelled vehicle (16) Construction machine (20) Leader (24) First leader (26) Second leader (28) Hydraulic cylinder device (32) Support arm

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A front bracket (10) is provided at the front,
A self-propelled vehicle (14) having a backstay (12) that can extend and retract rearward, a lower bracket supported by the front bracket (10), and an upper bracket supported by the backstay (12); In a construction machine having a leader (20) that can be raised and lowered by expansion and contraction of (12), the self-propelled vehicle (14) is positioned at a position below the support position of the leader (20) by the front bracket (10). ) And a pair of hydraulic cylinder devices (28) and (28), and the leader (20) has a front bracket (10) and a backstay
(12) and a construction machine characterized by being supported by a hydraulic cylinder device (28) (28). 2. The leader (20) includes a front bracket (10).
And a first reader (2) supported by a backstay (12).
4) and a second reader (2) which is extended and provided at the lower end of the first reader (24) and is supported by the hydraulic cylinder devices (28) (28).
The construction machine according to claim 1, further comprising (6), wherein the second leader (26) is rotatable relative to the first leader (24). 3. The hydraulic cylinder device (28) (28) includes a reader (2).
3. The device according to claim 1, which is arranged perpendicular to the axis of (0).
Construction machinery according to the above.