ITUB20155904A1 - GASIFICATION PLANT FOR WASTE WATER TREATMENT. - Google Patents
GASIFICATION PLANT FOR WASTE WATER TREATMENT. Download PDFInfo
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- ITUB20155904A1 ITUB20155904A1 ITUB2015A005904A ITUB20155904A ITUB20155904A1 IT UB20155904 A1 ITUB20155904 A1 IT UB20155904A1 IT UB2015A005904 A ITUB2015A005904 A IT UB2015A005904A IT UB20155904 A ITUB20155904 A IT UB20155904A IT UB20155904 A1 ITUB20155904 A1 IT UB20155904A1
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- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- plant according
- sublimation
- cells
- drum
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005092 sublimation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/007—Screw type gasifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/30—Fuel charging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
- C10J2300/0906—Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
- C10J2300/0909—Drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
- C10J2300/0923—Sludge, e.g. from water treatment plant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1671—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Description
IMPIANTO GASSI FICATORE PER IL TRATTAMENTO DI FANGHI REFLUI. GAS FICATORE PLANT FOR THE TREATMENT OF WASTE SLUDGE.
TESTO DELLA DESCRIZIONE TEXT OF THE DESCRIPTION
Il presente trovato si riferisce ad un impianto gassificatore per il trattamento di fanghi reflui, provenienti sia da impianti industriali che da insediamenti abitativi urbani, e quindi originariamente anche in forma di rifiuti solidi urbani. The present invention relates to a gasifier plant for the treatment of waste sludge, coming from both industrial plants and urban housing settlements, and therefore originally also in the form of solid urban waste.
La problematica generale di tutela della salute pubblica e di salvaguardia dell’ambiente ha indotto, in tempi assai recenti, alla ricerca e studio di metodologie alternative e più sicure rispetto a quelle tradizionali di smaltimento dei rifiuti, costituite essenzialmente da discariche sparse sul territorio oppure da impianti di incenerimento che prevalentemente operano per combustione o pirolisi. The general problem of protecting public health and safeguarding the environment has led, in very recent times, to the research and study of alternative and safer methods than traditional waste disposal methods, essentially consisting of landfills scattered throughout the territory or incineration plants that mainly operate by combustion or pyrolysis.
Come è noto, l’incenerimento generalmente produce inquinanti difficili e costosi da controllare, per le temperature elevate a cui opera, nonché per la vastità ed imprevedibilità delle aree che va ad interessare in conseguenza delle emissioni dei fumi in atmosfera. In particolare, la combustione di materiale organico crea anidride carbonica che aumenta il riscaldamento ambientale e le alte temperature di incenerimento provocano la formazione di composti organici volatili assieme ad ossidi di azoto che contribuiscono all’aumento degli inquinanti atmosferici. As is known, incineration generally produces pollutants that are difficult and expensive to control, due to the high temperatures at which it operates, as well as the vastness and unpredictability of the areas it affects as a result of the emissions of fumes into the atmosphere. In particular, the combustion of organic material creates carbon dioxide which increases environmental heating and the high incineration temperatures cause the formation of volatile organic compounds together with nitrogen oxides which contribute to the increase of atmospheric pollutants.
La pirolisi comporta la formazione di composti tossici e le ceneri contengono alte percentuali di carbonio. Pyrolysis involves the formation of toxic compounds and the ashes contain high percentages of carbon.
Una impiantistica alternativa diffusasi recentemente, in grado di superare tali problematiche, è costituita dai “gassificatori”. An alternative plant that has recently spread, able to overcome these problems, is constituted by the "gasifiers".
La tecnologia di cui si avvalgono i gassificatori è basata sul principio della “sublimazione organica”, nella quale una minima quantità di ossigeno ed una modesta temperatura innescano una reazione chimica sui rifiuti da trattare in apposite celle, con una conseguente formazione di gas combustibili pressoché puliti, senza che sia avvenuta la combustione dei rifiuti stessi, che possono anche essere costituiti da fanghi reflui. The technology used by the gasifiers is based on the principle of "organic sublimation", in which a minimum amount of oxygen and a modest temperature trigger a chemical reaction on the waste to be treated in special cells, resulting in the formation of almost clean combustible gases , without the combustion of the waste itself, which can also consist of waste sludge.
Il gas così ottenuto e purificato viene in parte addizionato di ossigeno e bruciato per creare energia termica per l’essiccamento dei fanghi e in parte utilizzato come carburante in motori endotermici al fine di produrre energia elettrica necessaria all’innesco della sublimazione nelle celle primarie ed ai servizi ausiliari. The gas thus obtained and purified is partly added with oxygen and burned to create thermal energy for drying the sludge and partly used as fuel in internal combustion engines in order to produce the electrical energy necessary to trigger the sublimation in the primary cells and auxiliary services.
Le ceneri che rimangono dopo la sublimazione dei fanghi sono composte da materiali incombustibili inclusi metalli e altri sali, e vengono quindi avviate allo smaltimento in siti autorizzati. The ashes that remain after the sublimation of the sludge are composed of non-combustible materials including metals and other salts, and are then sent for disposal in authorized sites.
Gli inconvenienti e le limitazioni che caratterizzano allo stato attuale della tecnica tali impianti gassificatori risultano assai significativi, tanto da comprometterne le performance teoricamente conseguibili; si cita ad esempio il fatto che gli stessi impianti correntemente rilasciano i gas della combustione in atmosfera a temperature assai elevate di circa 650 - 850 °C, senza che si provveda al loro completo recupero energetico. The drawbacks and limitations that characterize these gasifying plants in the current state of the art are very significant, so much so as to compromise their theoretically achievable performances; for example, the fact is mentioned that the same plants currently release the combustion gases into the atmosphere at very high temperatures of about 650 - 850 ° C, without their complete energy recovery.
Occorre altresì tenere conto che, per ottenere la massima efficienza nella fase di gassificazione nelle celle, il contenuto di umidità e la temperatura della massa dei fanghi devono essere minime ed il più possibile omogenee. It is also necessary to take into account that, to obtain maximum efficiency in the gasification phase in the cells, the moisture content and the temperature of the sludge mass must be minimal and as homogeneous as possible.
La mancanza di tale omogeneità, dovuta ad una certa impenetrabilità della massa, determina inevitabilmente una diminuzione della quantità e qualità del gas prodotto; in tal caso, un necessario innalzamento della temperatura della massa dei fanghi risulterebbe un provvedimento dannoso in quanto introdurrebbe vapori inquinanti nel gas che lo renderebbero pericoloso ai fini dell'impatto ambientale; inoltre, l'innalzamento delle temperature provocherebbero l'aumento dei tempi di raffreddamento per cui si allungherebbero i tempi del ciclo, costringendo quindi ad aumentare il numero di celle dell'impianto con conseguente aumento di costi e diminuzione di efficienza. The lack of this homogeneity, due to a certain impenetrability of the mass, inevitably determines a decrease in the quantity and quality of the gas produced; in this case, a necessary increase in the temperature of the sludge mass would be a harmful measure as it would introduce polluting vapors into the gas which would make it dangerous for the environmental impact; furthermore, the rise in temperatures would cause an increase in cooling times and thus the cycle times would lengthen, thus forcing an increase in the number of cells in the system with a consequent increase in costs and a decrease in efficiency.
Scopo del presente trovato è pertanto quello di superare le limitazioni e gli inconvenienti sopra menzionati. The aim of the present invention is therefore to overcome the limitations and drawbacks mentioned above.
Il trovato, quale esso è caratterizzato dalle rivendicazioni, raggiunge lo scopo mediante un impianto di gassificazione che opera alle temperature minime ottimali per la trasformazione di rifiuti reflui che vengono agglomerati in forma di pellet, la cui massa si presenta quindi omogenea ed uniforme; inoltre la produzione di gas avviene senza emissioni incontrollate in atmosfera, utilizzando il gas a ciclo chiuso per l’essiccazione dei fanghi da sublimare e per recuperare energia termica da destinare a vari usi. The invention, as it is characterized by the claims, achieves the object by means of a gasification plant which operates at the minimum optimum temperatures for the transformation of wastewater which is agglomerated in the form of pellets, the mass of which is therefore homogeneous and uniform; moreover, the production of gas takes place without uncontrolled emissions into the atmosphere, using closed-cycle gas for drying the sludge to be sublimed and to recover thermal energy to be used for various uses.
Il principale vantaggio ottenuto mediante il presente trovato consiste essenzialmente nel fatto che il gas prodotto dall'impianto risulta di alta qualità e purezza, quindi di alta efficienza per gli usi energetici a cui viene destinato. The main advantage obtained by means of the present invention essentially consists in the fact that the gas produced by the plant is of high quality and purity, therefore of high efficiency for the energy uses for which it is intended.
Inoltre, il funzionamento deirimpianto secondo un ciclo chiuso integrale ne rende l'impatto ambientale estremamente sostenibile. Furthermore, the operation of the plant according to an integral closed cycle makes its environmental impact extremely sustainable.
Infine, la semplificazione impiantistica determinata dalla modesta temperatura a cui avviene il processo di sublimazione, nonché la completa utilizzazione delle risorse energetiche sviluppate, rendono la realizzazione deirimpianto economica e conveniente. Finally, the plant simplification determined by the modest temperature at which the sublimation process takes place, as well as the complete use of the developed energy resources, make the construction of the plant economical and convenient.
Ulteriori vantaggi e caratteristiche del trovato saranno maggiormente evidenti nella descrizione dettagliata che segue, fatta con riferimento ai disegni allegati, in cui: Further advantages and characteristics of the invention will be more evident in the following detailed description, made with reference to the attached drawings, in which:
- la figura 1 illustra il trovato secondo uno schema funzionale complessivo, in vista dall'alto; Figure 1 illustrates the invention according to an overall functional diagram, seen from above;
- la figura 2 illustra un particolare del trovato, con alcune parti asportate per meglio evidenziarne altre; Figure 2 illustrates a detail of the invention, with some parts removed to better highlight others;
- la figura 3 illustra una porzione ingrandita del particolare di cui in figura 2; Figure 3 illustrates an enlarged portion of the detail of Figure 2;
- la figura 4 illustra un altro particolare del trovato secondo una vista prospettica; Figure 4 illustrates another detail of the invention according to a perspective view;
- la figura 5 illustra il particolare di cui in figura 4 secondo una vista in pianta dell'alto. Figure 5 illustrates the detail of Figure 4 according to a top plan view.
Come si può osservare dalle figure, il presente trovato concerne un impianto gassificatore per il trattamento di fanghi reflui, comprendente almeno una camera di stoccaggio (8) dei fanghi, uno spremitore (6) ed un essiccatore (7) che sono in grado di attuare la disidratazione dei fanghi; successivamente, i fanghi sono condotti ad un pellettizzatore (3), idoneo ad agglomerarli in forma di pellet. As can be seen from the figures, the present invention relates to a gasifier plant for the treatment of waste sludge, comprising at least one sludge storage chamber (8), a squeezer (6) and a dryer (7) which are capable of carrying out dewatering of sludge; subsequently, the sludges are conveyed to a pelletizer (3), suitable for agglomerating them in the form of pellets.
A valle del pellettizzatore (3), il pellet ricavato dai fanghi viene trasferito in celle di sublimazione (28), nelle quali avviene la produzione di gas a bassa temperatura e contestualmente si generano ceneri residue, riutilizzabili oppure smaltibili in sicurezza in apposite discariche. Downstream of the pelletizer (3), the pellet obtained from the sludge is transferred to sublimation cells (28), in which the production of low-temperature gas takes place and at the same time residual ashes are generated, which can be reused or disposed of safely in special landfills.
Per muovere e trasferire i fanghi dalla camera di stoccaggio (8) alle celle di sublimazione (28), attraverso lo spremitore (6), l'essiccatore (7) ed il pellettizzatore (3), sono impiegati mezzi di movimentazione (1), costituiti almeno da agitatori (1 a) a catena dei fanghi umidi entro la camera di stoccaggio (8), ed almeno da un estrattore (1 b) a coclea che li preleva dalla camera di stoccaggio (8) e li spinge attraverso lo spremitore (6) e l'essiccatore (7), fino ad alimentare il pellettizzatore (3). Handling means (1) are used to move and transfer the sludge from the storage chamber (8) to the sublimation cells (28), through the squeezer (6), the dryer (7) and the pelletizer (3), consisting at least of chain agitators (1 a) of the wet sludge inside the storage chamber (8), and at least of an extractor (1 b) with screw which takes them from the storage chamber (8) and pushes them through the squeezer ( 6) and the dryer (7), until the pelletizer (3) is fed.
Il pellettizzatore (3), rappresentato in figura 2, comprende almeno una struttura (3a) di contenimento, un tamburo (3b) rotante, posto internamente alla struttura (3a), provvisto sulla superficie cilindrica esterna di una pluralità di ugelli (3c) di tipo Venturi, mezzi di caricamento (30) del tamburo (3b) rotante, in grado di alimentarlo con continuità con i fanghi, mezzi di compressione (40) dei fanghi internamente al tamburo (3b), che quindi determinano l'estrusione dei fanghi dagli ugelli (3c), producendo in tal modo il pellet dai fanghi. The pelletizer (3), shown in Figure 2, comprises at least one containment structure (3a), a rotating drum (3b), placed inside the structure (3a), provided on the external cylindrical surface with a plurality of nozzles (3c) of Venturi type, loading means (30) of the rotating drum (3b), able to feed it continuously with the sludge, means of compression (40) of the sludge inside the drum (3b), which therefore determine the extrusion of the sludge from the nozzles (3c), thereby producing the pellets from the sludge.
I mezzi di caricamento (30) del tamburo (3b) rotante comprendono almeno un nastro trasportatore (30a) dei fanghi, ed una coclea (30b) di immissione forzata dei fanghi nel tamburo (3b) rotante. The loading means (30) of the rotating drum (3b) comprise at least one conveyor belt (30a) for the sludge, and an auger (30b) for forced introduction of the sludge into the rotating drum (3b).
Come si vede in figura 3, i mezzi di compressione (40) comprendono almeno tre rulli (40a), posti internamente al tamburo (3b), rotanti su assi paralleli all'asse di rotazione del tamburo (3b), che mettono in pressione i fanghi caricati entro il tamburo (3b), in modo da determinarne l’estrusione dagli ugelli (3c) in forma di pellet. As can be seen in figure 3, the compression means (40) comprise at least three rollers (40a), placed inside the drum (3b), rotating on axes parallel to the rotation axis of the drum (3b), which put the sludge loaded into the drum (3b), so as to cause its extrusion from the nozzles (3c) in the form of pellets.
Al fine di utilizzare il gas prodotto nelle celle di sublimazione (28), l'impianto comprende un combustore (10) idoneo a bruciare, in presenza di ossigeno, una prima parte di tale gas; tale combustione del gas dà luogo alla emissione di fumi caldi, una prima quota dei quali viene inviata all'essiccatore (7) per la disidratazione dei fanghi. La rimanente quota dei fumi di combustione provenienti dal combustore (10) viene inviata ad uno scambiatore (19), che è in grado di produrre acqua calda per uso termosanitario. In order to use the gas produced in the sublimation cells (28), the plant comprises a combustor (10) suitable for burning, in the presence of oxygen, a first part of this gas; such gas combustion gives rise to the emission of hot fumes, a first portion of which is sent to the dryer (7) for dewatering the sludge. The remaining portion of the combustion fumes coming from the combustor (10) is sent to an exchanger (19), which is capable of producing hot water for thermo-sanitary use.
L'impianto comprende inoltre un motogeneratore elettrico (25), idoneo a ricevere la seconda parte del gas prodotto nelle celle di sublimazione (28), che costituisce il carburante per produrre l'energia elettrica necessaria per il funzionamento delle celle di sublimazione (28). The plant also includes an electric motor generator (25), suitable for receiving the second part of the gas produced in the sublimation cells (28), which constitutes the fuel to produce the electrical energy necessary for the operation of the sublimation cells (28) .
Anche i fumi prodotti dal motogeneratore elettrico (25) vengono inviati all'essicatore (7), in modo che cedano ad esso il calore residuo e che, raffreddandosi, si depositino sui fanghi da essiccare. The fumes produced by the electric motor-generator (25) are also sent to the dryer (7), so that they release the residual heat to it and, as they cool down, are deposited on the sludge to be dried.
Da quanto sopra, risulta evidente come l'utilizzazione integrale di tutto il gas prodotto dai reflui nelle celle di sublimazione (28) costituisca un fattore positivo, sia dal punto di vista deN’economia gestionale deirimpianto, sia per la drastica riduzione che determina nelle emissioni verso l'ambiente esterno. From the above, it is evident that the integral use of all the gas produced by the wastewater in the sublimation cells (28) constitutes a positive factor, both from the point of view of the management economy of the plant, and for the drastic reduction it determines in emissions. towards the external environment.
Come si può vedere nelle figure 4 e 5, le celle di sublimazione (28) comprendono mezzi di innesco (32) della sublimazione del pellet, mezzi di diffusione (33) uniforme del calore di sublimazione nella intera massa del pellet, mezzi di controllo (34) della temperatura uniforme nella massa del pellet, mezzi di estrazione (31) del gas prodotto nella cella, un sistema elettronico (36) di supervisione, atto ad interfacciarsi con i mezzi di innesco (32), i mezzi di controllo (34), i mezzi di estrazione (31), in modo da ottimizzare la produzione del gas in quantità ed in qualità. As can be seen in Figures 4 and 5, the sublimation cells (28) comprise triggering means (32) for the sublimation of the pellet, means for uniform diffusion (33) of the sublimation heat in the entire mass of the pellet, control means ( 34) of the uniform temperature in the pellet mass, extraction means (31) of the gas produced in the cell, an electronic supervision system (36), capable of interfacing with the ignition means (32), the control means (34) , the extraction means (31), so as to optimize the production of gas in quantity and quality.
In una preferita versione del trovato, i mezzi di innesco (32) comprendono almeno una pluralità di resistenze elettriche, i mezzi di controllo (34) della temperatura comprendono almeno una pluralità di termocoppie, i mezzi di estrazione (31) del gas prodotto comprendono un circuito a depressione controllata, costituito da almeno un aspiratore (31 b), condotti forati (31 a) afferenti all’aspiratore (31 b) ed un’intercapedine (35) di raccolta del gas. Poiché i mezzi di estrazione (31) possono creare una depressione all’interno della cella di sublimazione (28), essi provvedono anche a regolare la presenza di ossigeno all’interno delle celle di sublimazione (28) stesse. Il sistema elettronico (36) di supervisione comprende almeno un PLC. I mezzi di diffusione (33) uniforme del calore comprendono almeno barre traforate (33a) e pareti coibentanti (33b), costituenti la struttura della cella ed aventi la finalità di distribuire il calore in modo uniforme in tutte le parti interne della stessa. In a preferred version of the invention, the ignition means (32) comprise at least a plurality of electrical resistances, the temperature control means (34) comprise at least a plurality of thermocouples, the extraction means (31) of the produced gas comprise a controlled vacuum circuit, consisting of at least one aspirator (31 b), perforated ducts (31 a) afferent to the aspirator (31 b) and an interspace (35) for collecting the gas. Since the extraction means (31) can create a depression inside the sublimation cell (28), they also regulate the presence of oxygen inside the sublimation cells (28) themselves. The electronic supervision system (36) comprises at least one PLC. The uniform heat diffusion means (33) comprise at least perforated bars (33a) and insulating walls (33b), constituting the structure of the cell and having the purpose of distributing the heat uniformly in all internal parts thereof.
Claims (16)
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| ITUB2015A005904A ITUB20155904A1 (en) | 2015-11-25 | 2015-11-25 | GASIFICATION PLANT FOR WASTE WATER TREATMENT. |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| ITUB2015A005904A ITUB20155904A1 (en) | 2015-11-25 | 2015-11-25 | GASIFICATION PLANT FOR WASTE WATER TREATMENT. |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4193206A (en) * | 1977-03-08 | 1980-03-18 | Uop Inc. | Processes for drying sewage sludge and filtering water |
| US5125931A (en) * | 1990-09-24 | 1992-06-30 | Dynecology Incorporated | Sewage sludge disposal process and apparatus |
| US20090008312A1 (en) * | 2007-07-03 | 2009-01-08 | Reilly Dominick O | Waste treatment system |
| US20130081934A1 (en) * | 2011-10-04 | 2013-04-04 | Pulverdryer Usa, Inc. | Systems and methods for converting sewage sludge into a combustible fuel |
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2015
- 2015-11-25 IT ITUB2015A005904A patent/ITUB20155904A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4193206A (en) * | 1977-03-08 | 1980-03-18 | Uop Inc. | Processes for drying sewage sludge and filtering water |
| US5125931A (en) * | 1990-09-24 | 1992-06-30 | Dynecology Incorporated | Sewage sludge disposal process and apparatus |
| US20090008312A1 (en) * | 2007-07-03 | 2009-01-08 | Reilly Dominick O | Waste treatment system |
| US20130081934A1 (en) * | 2011-10-04 | 2013-04-04 | Pulverdryer Usa, Inc. | Systems and methods for converting sewage sludge into a combustible fuel |
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