IT1193943B - FLUORINATED COPOLYMER AND ITS PREPARATION - Google Patents
FLUORINATED COPOLYMER AND ITS PREPARATIONInfo
- Publication number
- IT1193943B IT1193943B IT8022469A IT2246980A IT1193943B IT 1193943 B IT1193943 B IT 1193943B IT 8022469 A IT8022469 A IT 8022469A IT 2246980 A IT2246980 A IT 2246980A IT 1193943 B IT1193943 B IT 1193943B
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- fluorinated
- novel
- preparation
- copolymer
- prepared
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
- C07C309/78—Halides of sulfonic acids
- C07C309/79—Halides of sulfonic acids having halosulfonyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C309/82—Halides of sulfonic acids having halosulfonyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
- C07C309/78—Halides of sulfonic acids
- C07C309/79—Halides of sulfonic acids having halosulfonyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C309/84—Halides of sulfonic acids having halosulfonyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton substituted by carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C317/00—Sulfones; Sulfoxides
- C07C317/16—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C317/18—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with sulfone or sulfoxide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C323/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups
- C07C323/10—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C323/11—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
- C07C323/12—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D327/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D327/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms one oxygen atom and one sulfur atom
- C07D327/04—Five-membered rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F214/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F214/02—Monomers containing chlorine
- C08F214/04—Monomers containing two carbon atoms
- C08F214/08—Vinylidene chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F214/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F214/18—Monomers containing fluorine
- C08F214/184—Monomers containing fluorine with fluorinated vinyl ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F214/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F214/18—Monomers containing fluorine
- C08F214/26—Tetrafluoroethene
- C08F214/262—Tetrafluoroethene with fluorinated vinyl ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F216/12—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
- C08F216/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F216/1466—Monomers containing sulfur
- C08F216/1475—Monomers containing sulfur and oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/04—Reduction, e.g. hydrogenation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/12—Hydrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2231—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
- C08J5/2237—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds containing fluorine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B13/00—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
- C25B13/04—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material
- C25B13/08—Diaphragms; Spacing elements characterised by the material based on organic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
A novel fluorinated copolymer is prepared by copolymerization of a fluorinated olefin with a novel sulfur containing fluorinated vinyl ether of the formula: <IMAGE> wherein k is 0 or 1 and l is an integer of 3 to 5, which is prepared from starting materials which are also novel. Said copolymer is useful for preparation of a fluorinated cation exchange membrane having carboxylic acid groups and/or sulfonic acid groups which can be used advantageously in electrolysis of an aqueous alkali metal halide solution with improved electrolysis performance.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP6788979A JPS55160007A (en) | 1979-05-31 | 1979-05-31 | Novel fluorinated copolymer and production thereof |
JP9030279A JPS5616460A (en) | 1979-07-18 | 1979-07-18 | Novel fluorinated carboxylic acid derivative and its preparation |
JP54165675A JPS5911581B2 (en) | 1979-12-21 | 1979-12-21 | Fluorinated vinyl ether compound and its production method |
JP16817979A JPS5911582B2 (en) | 1979-12-26 | 1979-12-26 | Fluorinated acid fluoride and its manufacturing method |
JP17031579A JPS55160008A (en) | 1979-12-28 | 1979-12-28 | Fluorinated copolymer and production thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
IT8022469A0 IT8022469A0 (en) | 1980-05-30 |
IT1193943B true IT1193943B (en) | 1988-08-31 |
Family
ID=27524072
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
IT8022469A IT1193943B (en) | 1979-05-31 | 1980-05-30 | FLUORINATED COPOLYMER AND ITS PREPARATION |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (4) | US4329435A (en) |
BR (1) | BR8003403A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1148566A (en) |
DE (5) | DE3020017C2 (en) |
FI (1) | FI68847C (en) |
FR (3) | FR2465718B1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1193943B (en) |
NL (1) | NL187488C (en) |
NO (5) | NO801636L (en) |
SE (1) | SE450000B (en) |
Families Citing this family (69)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4478695A (en) * | 1980-06-11 | 1984-10-23 | The Dow Chemical Company | Sulfonic acid electrolytic cell membranes and use thereof in the electrolysis of sodium chloride |
US4417969A (en) * | 1980-06-11 | 1983-11-29 | The Dow Chemical Co. | Sulfonic acid electrolytic cell membranes |
JPS5792028A (en) * | 1980-11-29 | 1982-06-08 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Fluorocarbon cation exchange membrane |
JPS57164991A (en) * | 1981-04-02 | 1982-10-09 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Production of (omega-fluorosulfonyl)haloaliphatic carboxylic acid fluoride |
US4544471A (en) * | 1981-11-02 | 1985-10-01 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Electrolytic cell with cation exchange membrane having high equivalent weight component |
US4522995A (en) * | 1983-05-02 | 1985-06-11 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fluorinated alkyl ether-containing ethylenes, precursors thereto, and copolymers thereof with tetrafluoroethylene |
US4871703A (en) * | 1983-05-31 | 1989-10-03 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for preparation of an electrocatalyst |
EP0192143B1 (en) * | 1985-02-09 | 1996-01-10 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Permeable polymer membrane for desiccation of gas |
US4650711A (en) * | 1985-05-31 | 1987-03-17 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for sizing polytetrafluoroethylene fabrics |
US4610762A (en) * | 1985-05-31 | 1986-09-09 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for forming polymer films having bubble release surfaces |
US5110385A (en) * | 1985-05-31 | 1992-05-05 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for forming polymer composite films using a removable substrate |
US5114515A (en) * | 1985-05-31 | 1992-05-19 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for forming polymer composite films using removable substrates |
US4784882A (en) * | 1985-05-31 | 1988-11-15 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for forming composite polymer films |
US4650551A (en) * | 1985-05-31 | 1987-03-17 | The Dow Chemical Company | Supported ion exchange membrane films |
US4784900A (en) * | 1985-05-31 | 1988-11-15 | University Of Bath | Method for sizing polytretrafluoroethylene fabrics |
US4666580A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1987-05-19 | The Dow Chemical Company | Structural frame for an electrochemical cell |
US4670123A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1987-06-02 | The Dow Chemical Company | Structural frame for an electrochemical cell |
US4666579A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1987-05-19 | The Dow Chemical Company | Structural frame for a solid polymer electrolyte electrochemical cell |
US4668371A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1987-05-26 | The Dow Chemical Company | Structural frame for an electrochemical cell |
US4668372A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1987-05-26 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for making an electrolytic unit from a plastic material |
US4661411A (en) * | 1986-02-25 | 1987-04-28 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for depositing a fluorocarbonsulfonic acid polymer on a support from a solution |
US4698243A (en) * | 1986-06-20 | 1987-10-06 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for sizing and hydrolyzing polytetrafluoroethylene fabrics, fibers, yarns, or threads |
US4778723A (en) * | 1986-06-20 | 1988-10-18 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for sizing polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, yarn, or threads |
US4731263A (en) * | 1986-09-26 | 1988-03-15 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for the preparation of ionomer films |
US4752370A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-06-21 | The Dow Chemical Company | Supported membrane/electrode structure combination wherein catalytically active particles are coated onto the membrane |
US4738741A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-04-19 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for forming an improved membrane/electrode combination having interconnected roadways of catalytically active particles |
US5039389A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1991-08-13 | The Dow Chemical Company | Membrane/electrode combination having interconnected roadways of catalytically active particles |
DE3707367A1 (en) * | 1987-03-07 | 1988-09-15 | Hoechst Ag | IMPLEMENTATION OF HEXAFLUORPROPENOXIDE WITH FLUORINATED CARBONIC ACID FLUORIDES |
US4940525A (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1990-07-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Low equivalent weight sulfonic fluoropolymers |
US5458674A (en) * | 1993-08-24 | 1995-10-17 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Organic separation from HF |
US5900044A (en) * | 1987-09-11 | 1999-05-04 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Organic separation from HF |
AU608913B2 (en) * | 1987-09-17 | 1991-04-18 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Neutralized perfluoro-3,6-dioxa-4-methyl-7-octene sulphonyl fluoride copolymer surface for attachment and growth of animal cells |
US4916020A (en) * | 1988-02-26 | 1990-04-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Reactive bonding method |
US5013414A (en) * | 1989-04-19 | 1991-05-07 | The Dow Chemical Company | Electrode structure for an electrolytic cell and electrolytic process used therein |
IT1230136B (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1991-10-14 | Ausimont Srl | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF PERFLUOROALKENYL SULPHONYL FLUORIDE. |
US4987248A (en) * | 1989-08-02 | 1991-01-22 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Acid catalyzed formation of carbamates from olefins |
FR2687671B1 (en) * | 1992-02-21 | 1994-05-20 | Centre Nal Recherc Scientifique | MONOMERS DERIVED FROM PERHALOGENATED SULTONS AND POLYMERS OBTAINED FROM SUCH MONOMERS. |
JPH08500374A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1996-01-16 | インペリアル・ケミカル・インダストリーズ・ピーエルシー | Fluorinated polymer |
US5433861A (en) * | 1993-09-17 | 1995-07-18 | The Dow Chemical Company | Permanent deformation and use of sulfonated halopolymer articles |
WO1995010541A1 (en) * | 1993-10-12 | 1995-04-20 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Perfluorocarbon copolymer having functional groups and process for producing the same |
US5654109A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1997-08-05 | The Dow Chemical Company | Composite fuel cell membranes |
US5882810A (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 1999-03-16 | The Dow Chemicalcompany | Active layer for membrane electrode assembly |
GB9708365D0 (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 1997-06-18 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Proton conducting membranes |
US20040209965A1 (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 2004-10-21 | Gascoyne John Malcolm | Process for preparing a solid polymer electrolyte membrane |
US20040266299A1 (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 2004-12-30 | Fongalland Dharshini Chryshatha | Substrate |
GB9914499D0 (en) | 1999-06-22 | 1999-08-25 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Non-woven fibre webs |
US6517962B1 (en) * | 1999-08-23 | 2003-02-11 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Fuel cell anode structures for voltage reversal tolerance |
GB0006429D0 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2000-05-03 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Electrochemical cell |
GB0016750D0 (en) * | 2000-07-08 | 2000-08-30 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Improved material for electrode manufacture |
GB0016752D0 (en) * | 2000-07-08 | 2000-08-30 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Electrochemical structure |
US7196235B2 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2007-03-27 | Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for producing fluorinated vinyl ether |
GB0200253D0 (en) * | 2002-01-08 | 2002-02-20 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Improved material for electrode manufacture |
GB0210194D0 (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2002-06-12 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Composite membrane |
GB0212636D0 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2002-07-10 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Electrode |
EP1514868B8 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2007-07-04 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Process for producing fluorinated fluorosulfonylalkyl vinyl ether |
US7348386B2 (en) * | 2002-06-14 | 2008-03-25 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Process for producing fluorocopolymer, fluorocopolymer, and molded object |
US6624328B1 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2003-09-23 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Preparation of perfluorinated vinyl ethers having a sulfonyl fluoride end-group |
US7348088B2 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2008-03-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Polymer electrolyte membrane |
WO2004072021A1 (en) | 2003-02-14 | 2004-08-26 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Fluorosulfonic acid compound, process for producing the same, and use thereof |
ATE482929T1 (en) * | 2003-07-04 | 2010-10-15 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | METHOD FOR PRODUCING FLUORINATED SULFONYL FLUORIDES |
JP5141251B2 (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2013-02-13 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Fluorosulfonyl group-containing compound, production method thereof and polymer thereof |
CN100480287C (en) * | 2006-12-25 | 2009-04-22 | 山东东岳神舟新材料有限公司 | Perfluoro - resin with ion exchange, and application |
US8148491B2 (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2012-04-03 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Preparation of polytrimthylene ether glycol or copolymers thereof |
JP5386498B2 (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2014-01-15 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | Production of polytrimethylene ether glycol or copolymers thereof |
US11628381B2 (en) | 2012-09-17 | 2023-04-18 | W.R. Grace & Co. Conn. | Chromatography media and devices |
JP6332792B2 (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2018-05-30 | 国立研究開発法人宇宙航空研究開発機構 | Water electrolysis method and water electrolysis apparatus |
JP6914189B2 (en) | 2014-05-02 | 2021-08-04 | ダブリュー・アール・グレース・アンド・カンパニー−コーンW R Grace & Co−Conn | Functionalized Carrier Materials and Methods for Making and Using Functionalized Carrier Materials |
CN107921407B (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2022-07-05 | 格雷斯公司 | Biological treatment adsorption clarifying agent and preparation and use methods thereof |
JP2023539807A (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2023-09-20 | エイチ2ユー テクノロジーズ,インコーポレイテッド | Fuel generation management system |
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US4176215A (en) * | 1978-03-13 | 1979-11-27 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Ion-exchange structures of copolymer blends useful in electrolytic cells |
US4275226A (en) * | 1978-08-25 | 1981-06-23 | Asahi Glass Company, Ltd. | Process for producing fluorovinyl ether |
US4329434A (en) | 1979-05-31 | 1982-05-11 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Novel fluorinated cation exchange membrane and process for producing the same |
US4348310A (en) * | 1979-09-26 | 1982-09-07 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Solutions of sulfonyl fluoride compounds and fluoropolymers |
US4332954A (en) * | 1981-01-30 | 1982-06-01 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Cyclic sulfoperfluoroaliphaticcarboxylic acid anhydrides |
-
1980
- 1980-05-23 US US06/152,856 patent/US4329435A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1980-05-24 DE DE3020017A patent/DE3020017C2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1980-05-24 DE DE3047438A patent/DE3047438C2/en not_active Expired
- 1980-05-24 DE DE3050643A patent/DE3050643C2/de not_active Expired
- 1980-05-24 DE DE19803047439 patent/DE3047439A1/en active Granted
- 1980-05-24 DE DE3050634A patent/DE3050634C2/en not_active Expired
- 1980-05-26 CA CA000352704A patent/CA1148566A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-05-27 SE SE8003902A patent/SE450000B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-05-28 FI FI801734A patent/FI68847C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-05-29 FR FR8011912A patent/FR2465718B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-05-30 NL NLAANVRAGE8003170,A patent/NL187488C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-05-30 IT IT8022469A patent/IT1193943B/en active
- 1980-05-30 NO NO80801636A patent/NO801636L/en unknown
- 1980-05-30 BR BR8003403A patent/BR8003403A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-11-13 FR FR8024131A patent/FR2463123A1/en active Granted
-
1981
- 1981-01-19 NO NO81810162A patent/NO810162L/en unknown
- 1981-01-19 NO NO81810160A patent/NO154921C/en unknown
- 1981-01-19 NO NO81810161A patent/NO810161L/en unknown
- 1981-01-19 NO NO81810159A patent/NO159174C/en unknown
- 1981-12-14 US US06/330,608 patent/US4536352A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1982
- 1982-07-20 FR FR8212640A patent/FR2514010B1/en not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-08-30 US US06/527,818 patent/US4511518A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1983-08-30 US US06/527,746 patent/US4613467A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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