IL45511A - Ceramic electrical devices and a process for their manufacture - Google Patents
Ceramic electrical devices and a process for their manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- IL45511A IL45511A IL45511A IL4551174A IL45511A IL 45511 A IL45511 A IL 45511A IL 45511 A IL45511 A IL 45511A IL 4551174 A IL4551174 A IL 4551174A IL 45511 A IL45511 A IL 45511A
- Authority
- IL
- Israel
- Prior art keywords
- ceramic
- layers
- dielectric
- stack
- fugitive
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 68
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 claims 3
- NYQDCVLCJXRDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromofos Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=CC(Cl)=C(Br)C=C1Cl NYQDCVLCJXRDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003985 ceramic capacitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 9
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- IRIAEXORFWYRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylbenzyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 IRIAEXORFWYRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000037488 Coccoloba pubescens Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000287680 Garcinia dulcis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150094640 Siae gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric Acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1NC(=O)N2 LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOIHABYNKOEWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sr].[Ba] Chemical compound [Sr].[Ba] WOIHABYNKOEWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001552 barium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002003 electrode paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VLTOSDJJTWPWLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent-2-ynal Chemical compound CCC#CC=O VLTOSDJJTWPWLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003763 resistance to breakage Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 rir-conla Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/101—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern by casting or moulding of conductive material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/30—Stacked capacitors
- H01G4/302—Stacked capacitors obtained by injection of metal in cavities formed in a ceramic body
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/46—Manufacturing multilayer circuits
- H05K3/4611—Manufacturing multilayer circuits by laminating two or more circuit boards
- H05K3/4626—Manufacturing multilayer circuits by laminating two or more circuit boards characterised by the insulating layers or materials
- H05K3/4629—Manufacturing multilayer circuits by laminating two or more circuit boards characterised by the insulating layers or materials laminating inorganic sheets comprising printed circuits, e.g. green ceramic sheets
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Capacitors (AREA)
- Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Production Of Multi-Layered Print Wiring Board (AREA)
- Parts Printed On Printed Circuit Boards (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US400243A US3879645A (en) | 1973-09-24 | 1973-09-24 | Ceramic capacitors |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IL45511A0 IL45511A0 (en) | 1974-11-29 |
| IL45511A true IL45511A (en) | 1977-12-30 |
Family
ID=23582804
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IL45511A IL45511A (en) | 1973-09-24 | 1974-08-21 | Ceramic electrical devices and a process for their manufacture |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3879645A (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPS5725972B2 (fr) |
| BE (1) | BE820288A (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR7407818D0 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1032236A (fr) |
| CH (1) | CH586993A5 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE2445087C2 (fr) |
| ES (3) | ES430300A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2245064B1 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB1486794A (fr) |
| IE (1) | IE40175B1 (fr) |
| IL (1) | IL45511A (fr) |
| IN (1) | IN144212B (fr) |
| IT (1) | IT1022217B (fr) |
| NL (1) | NL162776C (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO743423L (fr) |
| PH (2) | PH13422A (fr) |
| SE (4) | SE7411925L (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA745839B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4030004A (en) * | 1971-04-16 | 1977-06-14 | Nl Industries, Inc. | Dielectric ceramic matrices with end barriers |
| GB2115223B (en) * | 1982-02-18 | 1985-07-10 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Multilayer ceramic dielectric capacitors |
| US4430690A (en) | 1982-10-07 | 1984-02-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | Low inductance MLC capacitor with metal impregnation and solder bar contact |
| US4574329A (en) * | 1983-10-07 | 1986-03-04 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Multilayer ceramic capacitor |
| ATE66088T1 (de) * | 1986-08-18 | 1991-08-15 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von fuellschichtbauteilen. |
| EP0260427A1 (fr) * | 1986-08-18 | 1988-03-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Composant à couches imprégnées et son procédé de fabrication |
| DE3725454A1 (de) * | 1987-07-31 | 1989-02-09 | Siemens Ag | Elektrisches vielschichtbauelement mit einem gesinterten, monolithischen keramikkoerper und verfahren zur herstellung des elektrischen vielschichtbauelementes |
| US5137776A (en) * | 1990-09-27 | 1992-08-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Metal-coated, ordered void piezoelectric ceramic material |
| US5601673A (en) * | 1995-01-03 | 1997-02-11 | Ferro Corporation | Method of making ceramic article with cavity using LTCC tape |
| US5661882A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1997-09-02 | Ferro Corporation | Method of integrating electronic components into electronic circuit structures made using LTCC tape |
| US6579600B1 (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 2003-06-17 | Materials Systems, Inc. | Multilayer capacitor and method |
| US6377440B1 (en) * | 2000-09-12 | 2002-04-23 | Paratek Microwave, Inc. | Dielectric varactors with offset two-layer electrodes |
| US8169014B2 (en) * | 2006-01-09 | 2012-05-01 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Interdigitated capacitive structure for an integrated circuit |
| US11443898B2 (en) | 2017-04-10 | 2022-09-13 | Presidio Components. Inc. | Multilayer broadband ceramic capacitor with internal air gap capacitance |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2875501A (en) * | 1953-03-18 | 1959-03-03 | Clevite Corp | Forming electromechanically sensitive ceramic bodies |
| US2919483A (en) * | 1955-03-21 | 1960-01-05 | Clevite Corp | Method of forming ceramic capacitors |
| DE1141719B (de) | 1955-03-21 | 1962-12-27 | Clevite Corp | Keramischer Kondensator und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| US2939059A (en) * | 1955-03-21 | 1960-05-31 | Clevite Corp | Capacitor of high permittivity ceramic |
| NL294447A (fr) * | 1964-06-22 | |||
| US3379943A (en) * | 1966-01-17 | 1968-04-23 | American Lava Corp | Multilayered electrical capacitor |
| US3679950A (en) * | 1971-04-16 | 1972-07-25 | Nl Industries Inc | Ceramic capacitors |
-
1973
- 1973-09-24 US US400243A patent/US3879645A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1974
- 1974-08-21 IL IL45511A patent/IL45511A/en unknown
- 1974-08-27 CA CA207,923A patent/CA1032236A/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-09-13 ZA ZA00745839A patent/ZA745839B/xx unknown
- 1974-09-17 IE IE1930/74A patent/IE40175B1/xx unknown
- 1974-09-20 DE DE2445087A patent/DE2445087C2/de not_active Expired
- 1974-09-20 BR BR7818/74A patent/BR7407818D0/pt unknown
- 1974-09-20 PH PH16308A patent/PH13422A/en unknown
- 1974-09-20 IN IN2096/CAL/74A patent/IN144212B/en unknown
- 1974-09-21 JP JP10944574A patent/JPS5725972B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1974-09-23 IT IT27591/74A patent/IT1022217B/it active
- 1974-09-23 NO NO743423A patent/NO743423L/no unknown
- 1974-09-23 CH CH1282374A patent/CH586993A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-09-23 FR FR7432067A patent/FR2245064B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-09-23 ES ES430300A patent/ES430300A1/es not_active Expired
- 1974-09-23 SE SE7411925A patent/SE7411925L/xx unknown
- 1974-09-24 NL NL7412598.A patent/NL162776C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-09-24 BE BE148848A patent/BE820288A/fr unknown
- 1974-09-24 GB GB41565/74A patent/GB1486794A/en not_active Expired
-
1976
- 1976-07-01 ES ES449442A patent/ES449442A1/es not_active Expired
- 1976-07-01 ES ES449443A patent/ES449443A1/es not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-01-02 SE SE7800030A patent/SE7800030L/xx unknown
- 1978-01-02 SE SE7800029A patent/SE7800029L/xx unknown
- 1978-01-02 SE SE7800031A patent/SE7800031L/xx unknown
-
1979
- 1979-01-22 PH PH22097A patent/PH24123A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1022217B (it) | 1978-03-20 |
| CH586993A5 (fr) | 1977-04-15 |
| FR2245064A1 (fr) | 1975-04-18 |
| PH13422A (en) | 1980-04-23 |
| ES449442A1 (es) | 1977-07-16 |
| NO743423L (fr) | 1975-04-21 |
| DE2445087A1 (de) | 1975-05-28 |
| NL162776B (nl) | 1980-01-15 |
| SE7411925L (fr) | 1975-03-25 |
| PH24123A (en) | 1990-03-05 |
| DE2445087C2 (de) | 1985-11-21 |
| SE7800031L (sv) | 1978-01-02 |
| NL162776C (nl) | 1980-06-16 |
| FR2245064B1 (fr) | 1978-11-03 |
| BR7407818D0 (pt) | 1975-09-16 |
| IN144212B (fr) | 1978-04-08 |
| IE40175B1 (en) | 1979-03-28 |
| SE7800030L (sv) | 1978-01-02 |
| IL45511A0 (en) | 1974-11-29 |
| NL7412598A (nl) | 1975-03-26 |
| SE7800029L (sv) | 1978-01-02 |
| BE820288A (fr) | 1975-01-16 |
| JPS5725972B2 (fr) | 1982-06-02 |
| US3879645A (en) | 1975-04-22 |
| ES449443A1 (es) | 1977-07-16 |
| ZA745839B (en) | 1975-11-26 |
| JPS5060506A (fr) | 1975-05-24 |
| GB1486794A (en) | 1977-09-21 |
| CA1032236A (fr) | 1978-05-30 |
| ES430300A1 (es) | 1977-04-01 |
| AU7337474A (en) | 1976-03-25 |
| IE40175L (en) | 1975-03-24 |
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