IL126581A - Biosensor for detecting a binding event between a ligand and ligand-binding receptor - Google Patents
Biosensor for detecting a binding event between a ligand and ligand-binding receptorInfo
- Publication number
- IL126581A IL126581A IL12658197A IL12658197A IL126581A IL 126581 A IL126581 A IL 126581A IL 12658197 A IL12658197 A IL 12658197A IL 12658197 A IL12658197 A IL 12658197A IL 126581 A IL126581 A IL 126581A
- Authority
- IL
- Israel
- Prior art keywords
- ligand
- monolayer
- receptor
- binding
- chains
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
- G01N33/54373—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing involving physiochemical end-point determination, e.g. wave-guides, FETS, gratings
- G01N33/5438—Electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/001—Enzyme electrodes
- C12Q1/002—Electrode membranes
- C12Q1/003—Functionalisation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
- G01N33/54373—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing involving physiochemical end-point determination, e.g. wave-guides, FETS, gratings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
- B01J2219/00603—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces
- B01J2219/00653—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces the compounds being bound to electrodes embedded in or on the solid supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
- B01J2219/00603—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces
- B01J2219/00659—Two-dimensional arrays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/0068—Means for controlling the apparatus of the process
- B01J2219/00702—Processes involving means for analysing and characterising the products
- B01J2219/00704—Processes involving means for analysing and characterising the products integrated with the reactor apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00718—Type of compounds synthesised
- B01J2219/0072—Organic compounds
- B01J2219/00725—Peptides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C40—COMBINATORIAL TECHNOLOGY
- C40B—COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; LIBRARIES, e.g. CHEMICAL LIBRARIES
- C40B40/00—Libraries per se, e.g. arrays, mixtures
- C40B40/04—Libraries containing only organic compounds
- C40B40/10—Libraries containing peptides or polypeptides, or derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US1619696P | 1996-04-25 | 1996-04-25 | |
US1638596P | 1996-04-25 | 1996-04-25 | |
US1638496P | 1996-04-25 | 1996-04-25 | |
PCT/CA1997/000276 WO1997041425A1 (fr) | 1996-04-25 | 1997-04-25 | Biocapteur et methode afferente |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
IL126581A0 IL126581A0 (en) | 1999-08-17 |
IL126581A true IL126581A (en) | 2004-03-28 |
Family
ID=27360510
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
IL12658197A IL126581A (en) | 1996-04-25 | 1997-04-25 | Biosensor for detecting a binding event between a ligand and ligand-binding receptor |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1005644B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2000510233A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE234462T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU711861B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2251674C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69719817T2 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK1005644T3 (fr) |
IL (1) | IL126581A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1997041425A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (64)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6071699A (en) | 1996-06-07 | 2000-06-06 | California Institute Of Technology | Nucleic acid mediated electron transfer |
US6165335A (en) | 1996-04-25 | 2000-12-26 | Pence And Mcgill University | Biosensor device and method |
US7381525B1 (en) | 1997-03-07 | 2008-06-03 | Clinical Micro Sensors, Inc. | AC/DC voltage apparatus for detection of nucleic acids |
US7393645B2 (en) | 1996-11-05 | 2008-07-01 | Clinical Micro Sensors, Inc. | Compositions for the electronic detection of analytes utilizing monolayers |
US7045285B1 (en) | 1996-11-05 | 2006-05-16 | Clinical Micro Sensors, Inc. | Electronic transfer moieties attached to peptide nucleic acids |
US7160678B1 (en) | 1996-11-05 | 2007-01-09 | Clinical Micro Sensors, Inc. | Compositions for the electronic detection of analytes utilizing monolayers |
US6306584B1 (en) * | 1997-01-21 | 2001-10-23 | President And Fellows Of Harvard College | Electronic-property probing of biological molecules at surfaces |
US6391558B1 (en) | 1997-03-18 | 2002-05-21 | Andcare, Inc. | Electrochemical detection of nucleic acid sequences |
DE19753056A1 (de) * | 1997-11-29 | 1999-08-05 | Wolfbeis Otto S Prof Dr | Künstliche Oberfläche mit vorbestimmter Affinität |
US6395480B1 (en) | 1999-02-01 | 2002-05-28 | Signature Bioscience, Inc. | Computer program and database structure for detecting molecular binding events |
US6485905B2 (en) | 1998-02-02 | 2002-11-26 | Signature Bioscience, Inc. | Bio-assay device |
US6338968B1 (en) | 1998-02-02 | 2002-01-15 | Signature Bioscience, Inc. | Method and apparatus for detecting molecular binding events |
US6287776B1 (en) | 1998-02-02 | 2001-09-11 | Signature Bioscience, Inc. | Method for detecting and classifying nucleic acid hybridization |
DE69918389T2 (de) * | 1998-02-02 | 2005-10-06 | Mds Sciex, Concord | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erkennung von Molekülbindungsreaktionen |
US6287874B1 (en) | 1998-02-02 | 2001-09-11 | Signature Bioscience, Inc. | Methods for analyzing protein binding events |
US6472224B1 (en) | 1998-04-17 | 2002-10-29 | Franz Schleicher | Biosensor with modified precious metal surface and process for the preparation thereof |
DE19817180C2 (de) * | 1998-04-17 | 2000-04-27 | Biotul Bio Instr Gmbh | Biosensor mit modifizierter Edelmetalloberfläche und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
WO1999066322A1 (fr) * | 1998-06-15 | 1999-12-23 | Biosensor Systems Design, Inc. (1998) | Capteur de detection d'analytes |
US6322963B1 (en) | 1998-06-15 | 2001-11-27 | Biosensor Systems Design., Inc. | Sensor for analyte detection |
US6761816B1 (en) | 1998-06-23 | 2004-07-13 | Clinical Micro Systems, Inc. | Printed circuit boards with monolayers and capture ligands |
US6406921B1 (en) | 1998-07-14 | 2002-06-18 | Zyomyx, Incorporated | Protein arrays for high-throughput screening |
US6576478B1 (en) | 1998-07-14 | 2003-06-10 | Zyomyx, Inc. | Microdevices for high-throughput screening of biomolecules |
US6682942B1 (en) | 1998-07-14 | 2004-01-27 | Zyomyx, Inc. | Microdevices for screening biomolecules |
AU749884B2 (en) | 1998-08-28 | 2002-07-04 | Febit Ferrarius Biotechnology Gmbh | Support for a method for determining an analyte and a method for producing the support |
US6740518B1 (en) | 1998-09-17 | 2004-05-25 | Clinical Micro Sensors, Inc. | Signal detection techniques for the detection of analytes |
AU1241000A (en) | 1998-10-27 | 2000-05-15 | Clinical Micro Sensors, Inc. | Detection of target analytes using particles and electrodes |
DE19860547C1 (de) | 1998-12-23 | 2000-10-12 | Genetrix B V I O | Affinitätssensor für den Nachweis spezifischer molekularer Bindungsereignisse und dessen Verwendung |
US6833267B1 (en) | 1998-12-30 | 2004-12-21 | Clinical Micro Sensors, Inc. | Tissue collection devices containing biosensors |
JP2002535656A (ja) * | 1999-01-23 | 2002-10-22 | ミナーヴァ・バイオテクノロジーズ・コーポレーション | コロイド固定化種と非コロイド構造上の種との相互作用 |
EP1144677B1 (fr) * | 1999-01-25 | 2006-07-26 | Micronas Holding GmbH | Immobilisation de molecules sur des surfaces par des brosses polymeres |
EP1035218A1 (fr) * | 1999-03-03 | 2000-09-13 | BioChip Technologies GmbH | Immobilisation des molécules sur des surfaces via des brosses de polymer |
AU5251299A (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-08-18 | Signature Bioscience Inc. | Method and apparatus for detecting molecular binding events |
US6787368B1 (en) | 1999-03-02 | 2004-09-07 | Helix Biopharma Corporation | Biosensor method for detecting analytes in a liquid |
AU5646800A (en) * | 1999-03-02 | 2000-09-21 | Helix Biopharma Corporation | Card-based biosensor device |
DE19916638C2 (de) * | 1999-04-13 | 2002-11-07 | Jandratek Gmbh | Oberflächen zur Verbesserung des Bindungsverhaltens von Analytmolekülen auf der Basis kovalent gebundener hydrophiler Spacer an Hydrogelen |
WO2002043864A2 (fr) * | 2000-11-03 | 2002-06-06 | Clinical Micro Sensors, Inc. | Dispositifs et procedes de multiplexage de puces a adn |
US6503701B1 (en) | 1999-06-15 | 2003-01-07 | Biosensor Systems Design, Inc. | Analytic sensor apparatus and method |
US6342347B1 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2002-01-29 | Biosensor Systems Design., Inc. | Electromagnetic sensor |
EP1185868A1 (fr) * | 1999-06-15 | 2002-03-13 | Biosensor Systems Design, Inc. | Dispositif et procede servant a detecter des substances a analyser |
EP1208126B1 (fr) | 1999-07-02 | 2006-04-12 | Symyx Technologies, Inc. | Brosses polymeres destinees a immobiliser des molecules sur une surface ou un substrat, dans lesquelles les polymeres presentent des segments dispersables ou solubles dans l'eau et capteurs y etant lies |
CA2380258C (fr) | 1999-07-26 | 2008-07-15 | Clinical Micro Sensors, Inc. | Determination de sequences d'acides nucleiques par detection electronique |
AU772250B2 (en) * | 2000-01-11 | 2004-04-22 | Clinical Micro Sensors, Inc. | Devices and methods for biochip multiplexing |
ES2278757T3 (es) * | 2000-01-11 | 2007-08-16 | Clinical Micro Sensors, Inc. | Cartucho que comprende un biochip. |
US7455975B2 (en) | 2000-04-14 | 2008-11-25 | Esa Biosciences, Inc. | Electrochemical detection of nucleic acid sequences |
DE10051396A1 (de) | 2000-10-17 | 2002-04-18 | Febit Ferrarius Biotech Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur integrierten Synthese und Analytbestimmung an einem Träger |
SE0004334D0 (sv) * | 2000-11-24 | 2000-11-24 | Sahltech Ab | Electron spectroscopy |
AU2002246978A1 (en) | 2001-01-10 | 2002-07-24 | Symyx Technologies, Inc. | Polymer brushes for immobilizing molecules to a surface |
DE10112505C1 (de) * | 2001-03-15 | 2003-01-30 | Iongate Biosciences Gmbh | Sensoranordnung und Vorrichtung zur amperometrischen und/oder potentiometrischen, pharmakologischen Wirkort- und/oder Wirkstofftestung sowie Verfahren zur amperometrischen und/oder potentiometrischen, pharmakologischen Wirkort- und/oder Wirkstofftestung |
EP1386158B1 (fr) * | 2001-05-09 | 2008-05-14 | Andreas Hofmann | Objet a surface hydrogel fonctionnalisee non chargee |
WO2003098661A2 (fr) * | 2001-10-26 | 2003-11-27 | Integrated Nano-Technologies, Llc | Systeme de detection de risques chimiques et biologiques et leurs procedes |
WO2004023128A1 (fr) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-03-18 | Unisearch Limited | Detection de molecules d'acide nucleique cibles par la modification de la reaction d'une espece redox apres l'hybridation avec des molecules d'acide nucleique de capture immobilisees |
AU2003900285A0 (en) | 2003-01-20 | 2003-02-06 | Universal Biosensors Pty Limited | Electrochemical detection method |
WO2005016115A2 (fr) | 2003-01-23 | 2005-02-24 | Montana State University | Biocapteurs faisant intervenir des ligands immobilises sur des dendrimeres et utilisation de ceux-ci |
DE10320898A1 (de) * | 2003-05-09 | 2004-12-02 | Iongate Biosciences Gmbh | Biokompatible Sensorelektrodenanordnung und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
GB0323802D0 (en) * | 2003-10-10 | 2003-11-12 | Univ Cambridge Tech | Detection of molecular interactions using a metal-insulator-semiconductor diode structure |
WO2005093418A1 (fr) * | 2004-03-26 | 2005-10-06 | Toto, Ltd. | Procede de detection specifique de substance de test a l'aide de courant photoelectrique et d'electrodes, cellule de mesure, dispositif de mesure et solution tampon destines a etre utilises a cet effet |
JP2006133137A (ja) * | 2004-11-08 | 2006-05-25 | Eiichi Tamiya | 被検物質の検出方法 |
GB2433506A (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-06-27 | Sharp Kk | A method of producing a multimeric capture agent |
GB2433591A (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-06-27 | Sharp Kk | Method for functionalising a hydrophobic substrate |
GB2433505A (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-06-27 | Sharp Kk | Capture agents for binding a ligand |
US20090159458A1 (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2009-06-25 | Bio Device Technology Ltd. | Method for Determination of Test Substance |
JP5447716B1 (ja) | 2013-04-30 | 2014-03-19 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | バイオセンサ及び分子識別部材 |
JP5565783B1 (ja) | 2013-08-08 | 2014-08-06 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | バイオセンサ |
CN117999476A (zh) * | 2021-09-16 | 2024-05-07 | 株式会社电装 | 离子传感器、以及被检测物质的检测方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2682859B2 (ja) * | 1987-07-27 | 1997-11-26 | コモンウェルス サイエンティフィック アンド インダストリアル リサーチ オーガニゼーション | レセプター膜 |
SE462454B (sv) * | 1988-11-10 | 1990-06-25 | Pharmacia Ab | Maetyta foer anvaendning i biosensorer |
US5368712A (en) * | 1989-11-02 | 1994-11-29 | Synporin Technologies, Inc. | Biologically mimetic synthetic ion channel transducers |
IL93020A (en) * | 1990-01-09 | 1995-06-29 | Yeda Res & Dev | Biosensors comprising a lipid bilayer doped with ion channels anchored to a recording electrode by bridging molecules |
IT1275482B (it) * | 1995-07-05 | 1997-08-07 | Cooperativa Centro Ricerche Po | Biosensori elettrochimici basati su trasduttori compositi |
-
1997
- 1997-04-25 WO PCT/CA1997/000276 patent/WO1997041425A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1997-04-25 EP EP97917195A patent/EP1005644B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-25 JP JP09538422A patent/JP2000510233A/ja active Pending
- 1997-04-25 CA CA002251674A patent/CA2251674C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-25 DK DK97917195T patent/DK1005644T3/da active
- 1997-04-25 AT AT97917195T patent/ATE234462T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-04-25 DE DE69719817T patent/DE69719817T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-25 AU AU25639/97A patent/AU711861B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-04-25 IL IL12658197A patent/IL126581A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1997041425A1 (fr) | 1997-11-06 |
EP1005644A1 (fr) | 2000-06-07 |
DE69719817D1 (de) | 2003-04-17 |
EP1005644B1 (fr) | 2003-03-12 |
CA2251674A1 (fr) | 1997-11-06 |
CA2251674C (fr) | 2004-12-14 |
AU2563997A (en) | 1997-11-19 |
JP2000510233A (ja) | 2000-08-08 |
DE69719817T2 (de) | 2003-12-24 |
ATE234462T1 (de) | 2003-03-15 |
DK1005644T3 (da) | 2003-06-23 |
AU711861B2 (en) | 1999-10-21 |
IL126581A0 (en) | 1999-08-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
AU711861B2 (en) | Biosensor device and method | |
US6107080A (en) | Biosensor device and method | |
US6300141B1 (en) | Card-based biosensor device | |
EP1108213B1 (fr) | Procede d'analyse electrochimique d'un analyte | |
US6787368B1 (en) | Biosensor method for detecting analytes in a liquid | |
US6130037A (en) | Biosensor device and method | |
US5955379A (en) | Biosensor device and method | |
AU711956B2 (en) | Biosensor device and method | |
EP1075656B1 (fr) | Detection d'une cible dans un echantillon | |
AU7835598A (en) | Detection of analytes using reorganization energy | |
CA2356389A1 (fr) | Detecteur d'affinite pour deceler des evenements de liaisons moleculaires specifiques et son utilisation | |
US20030203394A1 (en) | Detection of a target in a sample | |
EP1018011A1 (fr) | Capteurs a affinite de capacite specifique selon les ions metalliques | |
US20080103064A1 (en) | Microscale fluidic devices for electrochemical detection of biological molecules | |
AU2001287451A1 (en) | Biosensor assay device and method | |
MXPA98008830A (es) | Metodo y dispositivo biosensor | |
OTHMANE et al. | Development of impedemetric immunosensors: Application to red blood cell antigens |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
KB | Patent renewed | ||
KB | Patent renewed | ||
MM9K | Patent not in force due to non-payment of renewal fees |