IE60879B1 - Primary pack for surface-stabilized bandaging materials - Google Patents
Primary pack for surface-stabilized bandaging materialsInfo
- Publication number
- IE60879B1 IE60879B1 IE36789A IE36789A IE60879B1 IE 60879 B1 IE60879 B1 IE 60879B1 IE 36789 A IE36789 A IE 36789A IE 36789 A IE36789 A IE 36789A IE 60879 B1 IE60879 B1 IE 60879B1
- Authority
- IE
- Ireland
- Prior art keywords
- supporting film
- primary packaging
- base layer
- layer
- dressing
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 50
- 238000001266 bandaging Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000009516 primary packaging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000004821 Contact adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920006280 packaging film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012785 packaging film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101150085382 HAS1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000013039 cover film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009517 secondary packaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009518 tertiary packaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/02—Adhesive bandages or dressings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F15/00—Auxiliary appliances for wound dressings; Dispensing containers for dressings or bandages
- A61F15/001—Packages or dispensers for bandages, cotton balls, drapes, dressings, gauze, gowns, sheets, sponges, swabsticks or towels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/02—Adhesive bandages or dressings
- A61F13/023—Adhesive bandages or dressings wound covering film layers without a fluid retention layer
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F2013/00361—Plasters
- A61F2013/00795—Plasters special helping devices
- A61F2013/00829—Plasters special helping devices rigid or semi-rigid backing
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Wrappers (AREA)
- Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Clamps And Clips (AREA)
- Multi-Conductor Connections (AREA)
- Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
- Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
Abstract
A primary packaging for a surface-stabilized surgical dressing (3) comprises a carrier layer (4), a contact surface with adhesive regions on the side nearer the skin which is protected, before the surgical dressing is used, by a detachable covering layer (6), and a supporting film (7) which comprises at least one layer detachably applied to the surface of the carrier layer (4) farther from the skin and which can be removed from the surgical dressing (3) after application. The supporting film (7) forms part of the protective packaging of the surgical dressing (3).
Description
The invention relates to a primary packaging for surfacestabilised dressing materials, which include a base layer and a skin-side contact surface, having contact adhesive regions, which contact surface is protected before use of the dressing material by a peelable protective layer, and include an at least single-layer supporting film, which is releasably attached to the surface of the base layer facing away from the skin and can be removed from the applied dressing material. In this case, the removal of the protective film from the applied dressing material takes place after fulfilling its function of surface stabilisation of the base layer.
Dressing materials can be subdivided into two major groups. One group comprises those materials which are fixed at the point of their application by additional devices or measures, whereas in the case of the other group the fixing is performed by contact adhesive regions of the dressing material itself. In the case of the latter group, the 1 requirement for thin and flexible base layers ensuring a useable water vapour permeability and good clinging to the contours of the point of application encountered difficulties during application. For example, after peeling off the protective layer, curling-in of the marginal areas, sticking together of contact adhesive regions and creasing readily occur, which makes the dressing material concerned unusable.
Here it has been possible to achieve an improvement by attaching a so-called supporting film for surface stabilisation (DE-A-19 35 916), a layer more rigid than the base layer being bonded to the said base layer in such a way that it can be detached after application. In the meantime, this principle has proved successful (compare DE-C-33 44 334 and EP-A-0144891 ) .
However, it must be regarded as disadvantageous that the supporting film is discarded once it has been detached from the applied dressing material and consequently is restricted in its function to surface stabilisation. The effort involved in providing the material and taking the measures to produce this additional element of such dressing materials must be described as not inconsiderable.
It is therefore the object of the invention to extend the function of the supporting film in such a way as to improve the relationship between effort and benefit.
The object of the invention is achieved by a primary packaging of the generic type in which the supporting film or the supporting film and the protective layer is respectively part of a packaging protecting the dressing material.
US-A-4 450 844 discloses a patch test dressing without supporting film, in which an active-agent reservoir is accommodated in a housing of flexible material. This housing is fixed at the marginal surfaces on the skin by means of a contact adhesive sheet-like structure. The known dressing has1 a cover film which can be peeled off before application. 4 For the purposes of the invention, primary packaging is understood as being a layer which directly envelops the dressing material, it being possible for the individual items packed in this way to be combined by secondary and tertiary packaging to form larger units. The actual protection of the substrate is in this case primarily ensured by the primary packaging. In this way, it is possible to avoid packaging elements and consequently waste polluting the environment.
Advantageous further developments also emerge from the subclaims.
The invention can be applied in the case of all dressing materials surface-stabilised by supporting films. These dressings materials are known and are used, for example, as wound dressing, immovable bandages, plaster and incision films giving off active agents. The base layer of the dressing material may be, for example, a textile material, a polymer material or a layer containing metal. As supporting film, an at least single-layer sheet-like structure of materials containing polymers, paper or metal is used. In surface area, it has at least the same extent as the base layer, but in a preferred development of the invention can project beyond the edge of the base layer on one or more sides. The releasable connection between supporting film and base layer can be produced by known techniques, such as for example producing the base layer directly on the supporting film, heat sealing, welding, adhesive bonding, stamping or generating electrostatic forces of attraction.
The materials for producing the contact adhesive regions ensuring contact with the skin are selected from the abundance of possibilities from the point of view of non-toxicity. A peelable protective layer protects the skin contact surface of the dressing material before use.
A person skilled in the art is familiar with the purpose of a primary packaging of such a dressing material. The previous solution, of introducing the dressing material as a whole into a wrapping enclosing it on all sides, which is then closed at all edges by, for example, adhesive bonding, sealing, welding or stamping, according to requirements, is not satisfactory owing to the use of materials which is necessary.
According to the invention, one surface of the primary packaging is formed by the supporting film, on the upper side or underside of which the sheet-like structure forming the remaining part of the packaging is fastened in the marginal area. The fastening can be performed, for example, by heat sealing, welding, stamping or adhesive bonding. If the supporting film has a surface area equal to that of the base layer, a fastening of the remaining packaging components is provided on the upper side of the supporting film. If the supporting film extends beyond the base film, it may be preferred to provide the fastening on the underside of the protruding parts of the supporting film.
After tearing open the bag-like primary packaging, the supporting film remains on the rear side of the base layer, thereby ensuring the desired stabilisation of the dressing material during application.
The fastening of the remaining sheet-like packaging material on the supporting film and the establishing of the releasable connection between supporting film and base layer can, according to the invention, also be performed in one step.
The selection of the remaining sheet-like packaging material is determined by the respective requirements of the dressing material to be packed, for which reason no generally applicable statements can be made. As a rule, apart from materials containing impermeable paper, polymers or metal, examples of other materials which come into consideration are those which, by their structure, are to be classified as textile sheet-like structures. The material selection need not be the same for the supporting film and the remaining packaging, but must take into account the given requirements.
The packaging may be equipped in the usual way with at least one tear-open aid, such as for example tear threads, predetermined breaking lines or the like. In the case of a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the dressing material has at least one active agent. If so, it ί may be a transdermal therapeutic system, in which case a single pack is unavoidable.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig.1 shows the diagrammatic cross-section of an embodiment of a dressing material packaged according to the invention and Fig. 2 shows the diagrammatic cross-section of a further embodiment of a dressing material packaged according to the invention.
As Fig. 1 shows, a base layer 4, formed from textile material, is coated by a contact adhesive layer 5, which may contain a pharmacologically active substance and has on the side facing the skin a covering layer 6, which here consists of a paper adhesively finished by siliconising. The supporting film 7 extends beyond the base layer 4 on all sides and is formed from a multi-layer film material which is more rigid than that of the base layer. It is bonded to the base layer 4 by heat sealing by means of points 8 distributed in accordance with a predetermined pattern, a sealing edge 11 being formed with the underlaid packaging film 10 during heat sealing.
In Figure 2, a further preferred embodiment of the invention is represented, in which the supporting film 7 has the same size as the base layer. The packaging film 10 encloses the dressing material and is bonded at the edges of 'S the upper side of the supporting film 7 to the latter. Here, the contact adhesive layer 5 does not have the protective layer in a separate form, instead the packaging film 10 includes the protective layer 6 as an integrated component; it thus assumes the function of the protective layer. The dressing material can be applied immediately after opening the pack.
A preferred embodiment of the dressing material according to the invention is described below with reference to an example; Example 1: Production of a packaged dressing material, part of the packaging acting as a supporting film.
A dressing material of the size 15 X 20 cm2, comprising a textile base layer and an active-agent-containing contact adhesive layer applied thereupon, is arranged centrally between two heat-sealable packaging material sections, projecting about 1.5 cm on each side. The packaging material is selected in such a way that the section coming into contact with the base layer can assume the role of supporting film. In one or two successive steps, the edge sealing the re20 releasable connection of the supporting film to the base layer are carried out. The finished sealed-edge bags are then manufactured in the usual way.
Claims (11)
1. Primary packaging for surface-stabilised dressing materials, which include a base layer (4) and a skin-side contact surface, having contact adhesive regions (5), which contact surface is protected before use of the dressing material by a peelable protective layer (6), and include an at least single-layer supporting film (7), which is releasably attached to the surface of the base layer (4) facing away from the skin and can be removed from the applied dressing material, characterised in that the supporting film (7) or the supporting film (7) and the protective layer (6) is respectively part of a packaging (10) protecting the dressing material (3). S’
2. Primary packaging for surface-stabilised dressing materials according to Claim 1, characterised in that the base layer (4) of the dressing material (3) is textile material, a polymer material or a layer containing metal.
3. Primary packaging according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the supporting film (7) is an at least single-layer sheet-like structure of materials containing polymer, paper or metal.
4. Primary packaging according to Claim 3, characterised in that the supporting film (7) is fastened by at least punctiform heat sealing to the base layer (4).
5. Primary packaging according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the releasable connection between base layer (4) and supporting film (7) is produced by an at least partial adhesive bonding, by other mechanical or electrostatic forces or by welding operations.
6. Primary packaging according to Claim 5, characterised in that the releasable connection between base layer (4) and Λ supporting film (
7. ) is established by producing the base layer directly on the supporting film. 5 7. Primary packaging according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the supporting film (7) has a surface area at least the size of the base layer (4).
8. Primary packaging according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the sheet-like 10 structure forming the remaining part of the packaging is fastened in the marginal area to the supporting film (7).
9. Primary packaging according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the packed dressing material has at least one active agent. 15'
10. Primary packaging according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the packed dressing material is a transdermal therapeutic system.
11. Primary packaging substantially as hereinbefore described with referenced to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3806444A DE3806444A1 (en) | 1988-02-29 | 1988-02-29 | PRIMARY PACKING FOR SURFACE-STABILIZED FABRICS |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
IE890367L IE890367L (en) | 1989-08-29 |
IE60879B1 true IE60879B1 (en) | 1994-08-24 |
Family
ID=6348456
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
IE36789A IE60879B1 (en) | 1988-02-29 | 1989-01-20 | Primary pack for surface-stabilized bandaging materials |
Country Status (28)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0330825B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2879457B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR970007090B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE73987T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU626827B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1324352C (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ277848B6 (en) |
DD (1) | DD283562A5 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3806444A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK175334B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2030218T3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI108533B (en) |
GR (1) | GR3004149T3 (en) |
HR (1) | HRP920836B1 (en) |
HU (2) | HU210365B (en) |
IE (1) | IE60879B1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL89357A0 (en) |
MY (1) | MY105819A (en) |
NO (1) | NO173804C (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ228150A (en) |
PH (1) | PH25283A (en) |
PL (1) | PL161727B1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT89859B (en) |
SI (1) | SI8910430A (en) |
SK (1) | SK96189A3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1989007922A1 (en) |
YU (1) | YU47304B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA89808B (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4121189A1 (en) * | 1991-06-27 | 1993-01-07 | Beiersdorf Ag | PACKED PLASTER, TREATMENT MATERIALS AND ADHESIVE MATERIALS FOR MEDICAL PURPOSES AND THEIR PRODUCTION PROCESS |
DE4127411C1 (en) * | 1991-08-19 | 1992-10-01 | Johnson & Johnson Gmbh, 4000 Duesseldorf, De | Absorbing component for incontinent bed patients - comprises suction means surrounded by liq. porous sleeve and liq. impervious barrier layer e.g. of polyethylene@, forming a packing layer |
NL1001019C2 (en) * | 1995-08-22 | 1997-02-25 | Lamers Beheer Bv | Plaster laminate with support foil used for wound dressing |
NL1003904C2 (en) * | 1996-08-28 | 1998-03-04 | Lamers Beheer Bv | Plaster laminate with support foil |
DE19646048C2 (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 2003-05-28 | Michael Horstmann | Packaging for transdermal therapeutic systems |
DE29620464U1 (en) * | 1996-11-23 | 1997-03-27 | Meyer, Hedwig, 64380 Roßdorf | Sanitary napkin with glued disposal bag |
DE29621365U1 (en) * | 1996-12-11 | 1997-02-27 | Lohmann Gmbh & Co Kg, 56567 Neuwied | Patch test patch |
DE29621366U1 (en) | 1996-12-11 | 1997-03-06 | Lohmann Gmbh & Co Kg | Application aid for film dressings |
GB9725169D0 (en) * | 1997-11-27 | 1998-01-28 | The Technology Partnership Plc | Wound dressing |
JP2002530151A (en) | 1998-11-25 | 2002-09-17 | コロプラスト アクティーゼルスカブ | Non-contact applicable layered product and method of manufacturing the product |
DE19912477A1 (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2000-09-28 | Lohmann Therapie Syst Lts | Self-adhesive transdermal therapeutic system for e.g. drug or hormone delivery, comprises an active agent deposit and a connected matrix, including a paper substrate |
DE19916523A1 (en) * | 1999-04-13 | 2000-06-15 | Hartmann Paul Ag | Foil based plaster, for dressing of e.g. minor wounds, comprises individual packaging unit, including wound pad carrier foil support layer |
DE10056234A1 (en) * | 2000-11-13 | 2002-05-29 | Lohmann Therapie Syst Lts | Primary packaging for transdermal therapeutic systems or medical plasters |
DE102008006788A1 (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2009-08-13 | Lts Lohmann Therapie-Systeme Ag | Micro- and / or nanostructured packaging material |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3277891A (en) * | 1964-09-30 | 1966-10-11 | Kendall & Co | Adhesive bandages |
DE1935916A1 (en) * | 1969-07-15 | 1971-02-04 | Beiersdorf Ag | Adhesive wound dressing |
US4542013A (en) * | 1981-07-08 | 1985-09-17 | Key Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Trinitroglycerol sustained release vehicles and preparation therefrom |
US4450844A (en) * | 1981-11-23 | 1984-05-29 | Hill Top Research, Inc. | Patch system for use on the skin |
DE3344334C2 (en) * | 1983-12-08 | 1986-11-13 | Lohmann Gmbh & Co Kg, 5450 Neuwied | Foil dressing |
ES8608895A1 (en) * | 1984-08-17 | 1986-07-16 | Allpack Ind Lohnverpackung | Therapeutical adhesive plaster and process for its manufacture. |
DE3430250C1 (en) * | 1984-08-17 | 1986-04-24 | Allpack Industrielle Lohnverpackung GmbH & Co KG, 7050 Waiblingen | Medicinal adhesive plaster |
DE3721595A1 (en) * | 1986-07-05 | 1988-01-14 | Aso Pharmaceutical | FIRST AID LIABILITY |
-
1988
- 1988-02-29 DE DE3806444A patent/DE3806444A1/en active Granted
-
1989
- 1989-01-20 DE DE8989101014T patent/DE58901006D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-01-20 HU HU89688A patent/HU210365B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-01-20 HU HU89688A patent/HU890688D0/en unknown
- 1989-01-20 IE IE36789A patent/IE60879B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-01-20 WO PCT/DE1989/000030 patent/WO1989007922A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1989-01-20 AT AT89101014T patent/ATE73987T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-01-20 AU AU29281/89A patent/AU626827B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-01-20 ES ES198989101014T patent/ES2030218T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-01-20 JP JP1501250A patent/JP2879457B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-01-20 PL PL89277969A patent/PL161727B1/en unknown
- 1989-01-20 EP EP89101014A patent/EP0330825B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-02-02 ZA ZA89808A patent/ZA89808B/en unknown
- 1989-02-09 CA CA000590634A patent/CA1324352C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-02-14 CZ CS89961A patent/CZ277848B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-02-14 MY MYPI89000181A patent/MY105819A/en unknown
- 1989-02-14 SK SK961-89A patent/SK96189A3/en unknown
- 1989-02-21 IL IL89357A patent/IL89357A0/en unknown
- 1989-02-24 PH PH8938240A patent/PH25283A/en unknown
- 1989-02-27 DD DD89326061A patent/DD283562A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-02-27 NZ NZ228150A patent/NZ228150A/en unknown
- 1989-02-28 SI SI8910430A patent/SI8910430A/en unknown
- 1989-02-28 YU YU43089A patent/YU47304B/en unknown
- 1989-02-28 PT PT89859A patent/PT89859B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-10-23 KR KR89701942A patent/KR970007090B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-10-24 NO NO894225A patent/NO173804C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-10-27 FI FI895128A patent/FI108533B/en active IP Right Grant
- 1989-10-30 DK DK198905404A patent/DK175334B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1992
- 1992-03-26 GR GR920400426T patent/GR3004149T3/el unknown
- 1992-10-02 HR HR920836A patent/HRP920836B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MM4A | Patent lapsed |