IE55537B1 - A modular system for the offshore production,storage and loading of hydrocarbons - Google Patents
A modular system for the offshore production,storage and loading of hydrocarbonsInfo
- Publication number
- IE55537B1 IE55537B1 IE978/84A IE97884A IE55537B1 IE 55537 B1 IE55537 B1 IE 55537B1 IE 978/84 A IE978/84 A IE 978/84A IE 97884 A IE97884 A IE 97884A IE 55537 B1 IE55537 B1 IE 55537B1
- Authority
- IE
- Ireland
- Prior art keywords
- cylinders
- water
- cylinder
- storage
- oil
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/78—Large containers for use in or under water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B77/00—Transporting or installing offshore structures on site using buoyancy forces, e.g. using semi-submersible barges, ballasting the structure or transporting of oil-and-gas platforms
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
A modular offshore hydrocarbon production storage, and loading system, which includes an assembly of cylinders rigidly connected together, with the cylinders including at least one metal floatation cylinder adapted to occupy a vertical position in use. A bottom of the cylinder is situated below a level of the water and a floatation cylinder surrounded by several metal peripheral cylinders which descend below the floatation cylinder. The peripheral cylinders include metal oil storage cylinders, with the storage being effected on a water column communicating with the water surrounding the system, and metal balast cylinders or parts of cylinders filled with oil, water, air or inert gas.
[US4703709A]
Description
3 7 10 15 The present invention relates to a modular system for the offshore production, storage and/or loading of hydrocarbons.
Oil production at sea from a specific field is normally carried out from production platforms connected to the land by pipe lines.
If the production of the said field, is insufficient to offset the cost of a pipe line connecting the platform to the coast, a platform must be provided for the production and the storage of oil at 25 sea.
Systems, with a view to the production of so called marginal fields, have been developed.
One such system uses a semi-submersible drilling platform converted for production. The deck of the drilling platform is freed 30 of drilling equipment that is replaced by production equipment. With the crude oil separated into its three opponents (oil, water and gas), the oil is stored in a tanker permanently anchored over the field by means of a buoy so that the tanker can constantly take-up a position into the wind.
A second buoy is generally provided and this serves as a sea terminal to allow a second tanker to shuttle between the field and the coast.
A second such system uses a tanker specially converted for .2 - production. The same floating support serves for production (the equipment being placed on the deck) and for storage. Again, the tanker is permanently anchored to a buoy and a second buoy serves as a sea terminal for unloading the oil into a second tanker that shuttles 5 between the field and the coast.
Each of these two systems has drawbacks: i) the necessity of transforming floating supports not provided for sea production and so not always suitable to requirements from the technical and cost points of view; 10 ii) limitation of the depth of water in which these systems may be used. These two systems are in effect dependent on the possibility of anchoring conventional buoys, which limits these systems in practice to water depths less than a 150 m (see, for example, McLeod W.R. and Smulders, L.H. "An Analysis of Tanker-Based Floating Production Systems 15 for Small Offshore Fields", Journal of Petroleum Technology, 34 (1982) p 1871-1879).
The known art is shown inter alia in U.S. Patent Specifications 3434442 to Manning W.F. and 4234270 to Gjerde et al also German Offenlegungsschrifts to Linde A.G. 2701242 and 2727082.
These difficulties are overcome according to the present invention by the provision of a floating modular oil storage system comprising an assembly of hollow metal cylinders disposed about a coimron axis and connected rigidly together over at least 25% of the vertical height of the generator of a metal floatation cylinder, these 25 hollow metal cylinders being in use entirely below the level of the surrounding water, and including storage cylinders for storing oil, said storage being effected on a water column communicating with the water in which said system floats, the level of the water in the hollow metal cylinders falling or rising depending on whether oil is stored 30 therein or withdrawn therefrom and ballast cylinders or parts of cylinders, filled with oil, water, air or inert gas, and associated with regulation means arranged to compensate for the variation in buoyancy of the system following variations of the water-oil level in the said storage cylinders; said floatation cylinder either being 35 surrounded peripherally at least partially by the storage and ballast cylinders or placed peripherally with the storage and ballast cylinders, the floatation cylinder being arranged in use to occupy a vertical position with its bottom situated below the level of the water - 3 - and its top above the level of the water said top supporting a deck or pi atforai.
The invention will be more fully understood from the following description given by way of example only with reference to the several figures of the accompanying drawings in which:- Figure 1 is a general schematical view of a modular system in a vertical position in the water; Figure 1A is a plan view of the installation from above; Figures IB and 1C respectively are sectional views taken on horizontal section planes B-B and C-C of Figure 1; Figures 2, 3, 4, 5 are schematics showing different transport and on site installation methods; Figure 6 illustrates a method of assembling cylinders by welding; Figure 7 illustrates an advantageous embodiment of a peripheral cylinder in which a ballast chamber is situated over a storage chamber; Figures 7A and 7B each illustrates a detailed view of this embodiment; and Figure 8 is a view in perspective of a specific embodiment.
In Figure 1 a modular system shown generally at 1 is for producing, storing and/or loading hydrocarbons coming from an under water well assembly (not shown), said system comprising an assembly of right cylinders connected rigidly together. A metal floatation cylinder A-j, is arranged to occupy a vertical position in use (Figure 1), the bottom Αβ of this cylinder then being situated below the level 2 of the water. The upper part Ay of cylinder A-j emerges, in use, above the level 2 of the water and supports a deck or platform 3.
Part Ay of cylinder A-j forms a terminal to which oil ships shuttling between this terminal and the coast may tie-up.
The floatation cylinder A^ is surrounded (Figure IB) by a ring of peripheral metal cylinders Ag......Ag which descend below the bottom Ag of cylinder A^. This arrangement provides under the floatation cylinder A^ a free space E (Figure 1C) defined by the ring of peripheral cylinders Ag......Ag. If required, this free space E may be used for placing therein members for increasing the rigidity of the system, or for housing therein some form of ballast or a subsidiary cylinder.
The peripheral metal cylinders may comprise (Figure 1) oil storage on a water column S2 communicating at 4 with the water in which they float. The oil Sj floats on the water column S2, the hydrostatic oil + water column being balanced with the surrounding water. Thus, the level of the water in the peripheral cylinders is lowered or rises depending on whether oil is stored therein or withdrawn therefrom.
The cylinders such as Ag, in use, are entirely situated below the level 2 of the surrounding water. So as to avoid pollution of the sea water by the oil, a sufficient guard will be provided at the bottom of the cylinders as well as a safety system preventing the oil level from dropping below a fixed limit level. The water S2 contaminated with oil may undergo an appropriate physico-chemical treatment before being thrown back into the sea or will remain in a siphon or buffer cylinder.
Again the peripheral cylinders may be metal ballast cylinders or parts of cylinders B (Figure 7) filled with oil, water, air or inert gas.
In Figure 8 two floatation cylinders 14 are amongst the peripheral storage and ballast cylinders 15. The structure thus obtained forms a complete ring. A deck 16 is shown connected directly to the two floatation cylinders 14. A part of the floatation cylinder may serve for storage or ballasting. Clearly cross pieces or stiffeners (not shown) may be disposed in the centre of the ring so as to increase the rigidity thereof.
In Figures 7, 7A and 7B, a peripheral cylinder 6 such as any one of A2 to Ag of Figure 1 comprises an internal dividing wall 5 or 5a connected by welding to the shell 6 of the cylinder, either directly (Figure 7A) or by means of a piece 13 (Figure 7B). This internal dividing wall 5 or 5a defines at the upper part of the cylinder a ballasting chamber B above a storage chamber S^.
Referring again to Figure 1 the ring of storage cylinders Ag —Ag is rigidly fixed by welding to the floatation cylinder A1 over a height Ji less than the vertical height H of the generator of the cylinder A1 which generator is shown by line g^.g2.g3.g4, (since the cylinders A2-Ag descend below the cylinder A|), but representing at least 25¾ of the height H.
In order to facilitate the construction of such a modular - 5 - system, it will be advantageous to incorporate in the shell 6 of each cylinder (A^A^-Ag) a connecting element 7 (Figure 6) during its manufacture, the assembly of two adjacent cylinders then being provided by welding S between the connecting elements 7 with which these cylinders are equipped.
Another variant for securing the cylinders together consists in replacing the two sections of elements 7 by a single section having a shape of the capital letter I.
The system of the invention will be anchored on the site chosen by any appropriate means, such as funicular anchorage by chains or cables connected to anchors or anchorage buoys, anchorage by guys, or axial anchorage.
A flare for burning the gases may be supported by a cantilever arm on one side of platform 3 or may float on the water at a certain distance from the system while being connected thereto by a flexible duct. Since a shuttle tanker must be able to tie up and travel freely around the production system, the flare, the helicopter deck and the mooring point for the tanker will be fixed to a rotary table (T) (Figures 1A and 3), the distance between these three pieces of equipment remaining constant. The positioning of this system on the chosen site may be advantageously provided by towing the cylinder assembly (Figure 2) separately from the deck which has been set afloat, for example by means of barges 11 and 12 (Figure 3). By ballasting certain cylinders, the cylinder assembly is rocked into a vertical position and the connection between the deck which remains horizontal and the cylinder assembly in the vertical position is then carried out on the site. For this, the deck and the cylinder assembly will be connected together by members allowing them to be readily connected together and disconnected on the site.
In Figure 4, the deck or platform 3 is connected to the floatation cylinder by at least one hinge connection 8 allowing the production assembly, inclusive of deck 3, to be transported in the horizontal position, after disengagement of the connecting members 9 and 10, this transport to the chosen site being carried out by towing at the surface of the water.
During the whole of this transport phase, the horizontal position of platform 3 is maintained by ballasting this platform and/or by using guys, braces or hydraulic cylinders connecting this platform to cylinders A^ A^-Ag.
When the system has reached the chosen site, the assembly of cylinders A^,A2-Ag is brought to a vertical position, whereas deck 3 remains in a horizontal position. The connecting members 9 and 5 10 are then joined together (Figure 5).
The system of the invention comprises regulation means arranged for compensating the buoyancy variation of this system following variations of the water-oil level in the storage cylinders (Figure 1).
The difference in density between the water and the oil results 10 in fact in an apparent variation of weight in the water of the system, during filling or emptying of the storage reservoirs.
So as to prevent corresponding variations of the draft of the structure which may hinder loading of the oil ships and affect the static stability of the system, this latter may be equipped with 15 detectors of variations in the level of the oil-water interface in the storage reservoirs, these detectors controlling the intake or the discharge of oil or water or inert gas or air into or from the ballast chambers B.
Claims (6)
1. A floating modular oil storage system comprising an assembly of hollow metal cylinders disposed about a common axis and 5 connected rigidly together over at least 25% of the vertical height of the generator of a metal floatation cylinder, these hollow metal cylinders being in use entirely below the level of the surrounding water, and including storage cylinders for storing oil, said storage being effected on a water column communicating with the water in which 10 said system floats, the level of the water in the hollow metal cylinders falling or rising depending on whether oil is stored therein or withdrawn therefrom, and ballast cylinders or parts of cylinders, filled with oil, water, air or inert gas, and associated with regulation means arranged to compensate for the variation in buoyancy 15 of the system following variations of the water-oil level in the said storage cylinders; said floatation cylinder either being surrounded peripherally at least partially by the storage and ballast cylinders or placed peripherally with the storage and ballast cylinders, the floatation cylinder being arranged in use to occupy a vertical position 20 with its bottom situated below the level of the water and its top above the level of the water said top supporting a deck or platform.
2. The system as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the deck, and the assembly of cylinders, are separable, but interlockable on site, so 25 as to allow the transport or towing separately of the deck or platform and of the assembly of cylinders, then the on-site joining and interlocking of the two while the deck remains in a horizontal position and the assembly of the cylinders is brought to a vertical position.
3. The system as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the deck is connected to the floatation cylinder by a hinged connection, thus allowing the entire assembly including the deck, to be transported to a site in the horizontal position, the assembly of the cylinders then being brought to a vertical position while the deck remains in a 35 horizontal position.
4. The system as claimed in Claim 1, wherein some at least of the peripheral cylinders each comprises an internal dividing wall - 8 - defining at the upper part of the cylinder a ballast chamber disposed over a storage chamber. 5. The system as claimed in Claim 1, wherein adjacent cylinders are rigidly joined by a connection element that is incorporated by welding in the shell of each cylinder at the time of construction of said shell. 6. The system as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the floatation cylinder is surrounded by a ring of peripheral cylinders that provide a space below said floatation cylinder into which is lodged a ballast or a subsidiary cylinder. 7. A floating modular oil storage system constructed and arranged substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the several figures of the accompanying drawings. DATED THIS 19th day of April 1984 BY : TOMKINS & CO., SIGNED leant's Agents
5. , Dartmouth Road, Dublin,
6. . g .
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8306715A FR2544688B1 (en) | 1983-04-21 | 1983-04-21 | MODULAR OFF-SIDE HYDROCARBON PRODUCTION, STORAGE AND LOADING SYSTEM |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IE840978L IE840978L (en) | 1984-10-21 |
| IE55537B1 true IE55537B1 (en) | 1990-10-24 |
Family
ID=9288159
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IE978/84A IE55537B1 (en) | 1983-04-21 | 1984-04-19 | A modular system for the offshore production,storage and loading of hydrocarbons |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US4703709A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS59209579A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU570040B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8401957A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1305370C (en) |
| ES (2) | ES287334Y (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2544688B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2139170B (en) |
| IE (1) | IE55537B1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN160623B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1176074B (en) |
| MT (1) | MTP946B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO163522C (en) |
| OA (1) | OA07709A (en) |
| SU (1) | SU1336946A3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2156283B (en) * | 1984-03-28 | 1987-11-25 | Decision Tree Ass Inc | Offshore structure for deepsea production |
| NO841671L (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1985-10-28 | Jan Stageboe | CONCRETE TAG PLATFORM (TLP) OF CONCRETE. |
| ES2088324B1 (en) * | 1991-12-21 | 1997-02-16 | Vinas Jose Manuel Valverde | FLOATING STABILIZED SUBSTANCLE FOR ENGINEERING ORGANS, OPERATORS AND TRANSMITTERS, SEASIDE RESISTANT. |
| US6206614B1 (en) * | 1998-04-27 | 2001-03-27 | Deep Oil Technology, Incorporated | Floating offshore drilling/producing structure |
| US6190089B1 (en) * | 1998-05-01 | 2001-02-20 | Mindoc, Llc | Deep draft semi-submersible offshore structure |
| US6213045B1 (en) | 1998-08-27 | 2001-04-10 | Steve J. Gaber | Flotation system and method for off-shore platform and the like |
| WO2000052293A2 (en) * | 1999-03-03 | 2000-09-08 | Fmc Corporation | Explosion prevention system for internal turret mooring system |
| NL1016986C2 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-07-01 | Beheersmij P Buitendijk B V | Mast construction and method for placing it. |
| US6341573B1 (en) * | 2001-03-09 | 2002-01-29 | Jon Buck | Ship to platform transformer |
| US6817809B2 (en) | 2001-03-27 | 2004-11-16 | Conocophillips Company | Seabed oil storage and tanker offtake system |
| US20030140838A1 (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2003-07-31 | Horton Edward E. | Cellular SPAR apparatus and method |
| US6783302B2 (en) * | 2002-12-02 | 2004-08-31 | Robert W. Copple | Buoyant leg structure with added tubular members for supporting a deep water platform |
| NL1023320C2 (en) * | 2003-05-01 | 2004-11-02 | Leenaars B V | The invention relates to a method for manufacturing, installing and removing an offshore platform. |
| GB2422170C (en) * | 2005-01-12 | 2010-03-03 | David Lindsay Edwards | Subsea tanker hydrocarbon production system |
| DE102005002172A1 (en) * | 2005-01-17 | 2006-07-27 | Amrona Ag | Inertization process for fire prevention |
| JP2008215481A (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2008-09-18 | National Maritime Research Institute | Pressure vessel, floating body structure having pressure vessel and design method of pressure vessel |
| US8141511B1 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2012-03-27 | The Boeing Company | Stable maritime vehicle platform |
| US7703407B2 (en) * | 2007-11-26 | 2010-04-27 | The Boeing Company | Stable maritime platform |
| CN101980917B (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2014-03-12 | 吴植融 | Liquid storing and offloading device and drilling and production installations on sea based thereon |
| FR2938290B1 (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2010-11-12 | Technip France | FLUID OPERATING INSTALLATION IN WATER EXTENSION, AND ASSOCIATED MOUNTING METHOD |
| US9457873B2 (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2016-10-04 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | On-site fabricated fiber-composite floating platforms for offshore applications |
| US20140193207A1 (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2014-07-10 | David Riggs | Honeycomb Buoyant Island Structures |
| WO2014095777A1 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | Kongsberg Oil & Gas Technologies As | Storage system for storage within the structure of an offshore platform |
| CN104968583B (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2016-12-21 | 吴植融 | The unit tank of steel plate and composite concrete structure, unit group tank and offshore platform |
| CN106697201B (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-10-23 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Floating drum transfers in single point mooring |
| KR101840649B1 (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-21 | 알렌 주식회사 | A buoyant system of floating electricity generation platform |
| CN108216486B (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2019-10-25 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Floating support mould group for ship and the floating holding frame frame comprising it |
| US11084558B2 (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2021-08-10 | Excipio Energy, Inc. | Integrated offshore renewable energy floating platform |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3022633A (en) * | 1959-10-19 | 1962-02-27 | Homer J Stimson | Barge |
| GB994040A (en) * | 1961-12-07 | 1965-06-02 | Shell Int Research | Installation for gathering production fluid from underwater wells |
| US3159130A (en) * | 1962-02-26 | 1964-12-01 | Shell Oil Co | Floating storage tank |
| US3273526A (en) * | 1963-11-15 | 1966-09-20 | Lawrence R Glosten | Stable ocean platform |
| NL6405951A (en) * | 1964-05-28 | 1965-11-29 | ||
| US3434442A (en) * | 1967-04-19 | 1969-03-25 | Mobil Oil Corp | Offloading moored production storage unit |
| US3708985A (en) * | 1970-12-07 | 1973-01-09 | Texaco Inc | Articulated marine platform |
| US3824943A (en) * | 1971-03-16 | 1974-07-23 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | Drilling platform |
| GB1421162A (en) * | 1972-01-18 | 1976-01-14 | Balaena Group Ltd | Structures for use at sea |
| US3785313A (en) * | 1972-08-14 | 1974-01-15 | Us Navy | Spherical module connectors |
| GB1467238A (en) * | 1973-03-21 | 1977-03-16 | British Petroleum Co | Oil storage tank |
| US3880102A (en) * | 1974-02-19 | 1975-04-29 | Offshore Technology Corp | Method and apparatus for offshore submersible oil storage and drilling |
| AU499116B2 (en) * | 1975-03-14 | 1979-04-05 | Chevron Research Company | Liquid transfer buoy |
| DE2634622C2 (en) * | 1976-07-31 | 1978-09-14 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag, 8000 Muenchen | Floating platform with floats made of reinforced concrete |
| DE2701242A1 (en) * | 1977-01-13 | 1978-07-20 | Linde Ag | Floating storage reservoir e.g. for oil - with circular section in horizontal and oval section in vertical plane, and central and peripheral cylindrical tanks |
| DE2727082A1 (en) * | 1977-06-15 | 1978-12-21 | Linde Ag | Floating oil and gas storage facility - with double walled construction having tanks under water level and access platform above water |
| US4234270A (en) * | 1979-01-02 | 1980-11-18 | A/S Hoyer-Ellefsen | Marine structure |
-
1983
- 1983-04-21 FR FR8306715A patent/FR2544688B1/en not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-04-18 ES ES1984287334U patent/ES287334Y/en not_active Expired
- 1984-04-18 NO NO841593A patent/NO163522C/en unknown
- 1984-04-18 IT IT20581/84A patent/IT1176074B/en active
- 1984-04-19 IE IE978/84A patent/IE55537B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-04-19 AU AU27084/84A patent/AU570040B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1984-04-19 GB GB08410245A patent/GB2139170B/en not_active Expired
- 1984-04-19 OA OA58282A patent/OA07709A/en unknown
- 1984-04-19 MT MT946A patent/MTP946B/en unknown
- 1984-04-19 CA CA000452371A patent/CA1305370C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-04-20 SU SU843731692A patent/SU1336946A3/en active
- 1984-04-21 IN IN279/MAS/84A patent/IN160623B/en unknown
- 1984-04-21 JP JP59081024A patent/JPS59209579A/en active Pending
- 1984-04-23 US US06/603,156 patent/US4703709A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-04-23 BR BR8401957A patent/BR8401957A/en unknown
-
1985
- 1985-02-15 ES ES1985284683U patent/ES284683Y/en not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-08-28 US US06/901,392 patent/US4766836A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO163522B (en) | 1990-03-05 |
| IN160623B (en) | 1987-07-18 |
| FR2544688A1 (en) | 1984-10-26 |
| ES287334U (en) | 1985-11-16 |
| ES284683Y (en) | 1987-10-16 |
| ES287334Y (en) | 1986-06-16 |
| GB8410245D0 (en) | 1984-05-31 |
| AU570040B2 (en) | 1988-03-03 |
| NO163522C (en) | 1991-04-30 |
| SU1336946A3 (en) | 1987-09-07 |
| IT1176074B (en) | 1987-08-12 |
| BR8401957A (en) | 1984-12-04 |
| FR2544688B1 (en) | 1986-01-17 |
| AU2708484A (en) | 1984-10-25 |
| IT8420581A0 (en) | 1984-04-18 |
| US4703709A (en) | 1987-11-03 |
| US4766836A (en) | 1988-08-30 |
| ES284683U (en) | 1987-03-16 |
| GB2139170A (en) | 1984-11-07 |
| OA07709A (en) | 1985-08-30 |
| GB2139170B (en) | 1987-01-28 |
| IT8420581A1 (en) | 1985-10-18 |
| IE840978L (en) | 1984-10-21 |
| MTP946B (en) | 1984-11-01 |
| JPS59209579A (en) | 1984-11-28 |
| CA1305370C (en) | 1992-07-21 |
| NO841593L (en) | 1984-10-22 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MM4A | Patent lapsed |