IE20000813A1 - "Earth Moving apparatus" - Google Patents

"Earth Moving apparatus"

Info

Publication number
IE20000813A1
IE20000813A1 IE20000813A IE20000813A IE20000813A1 IE 20000813 A1 IE20000813 A1 IE 20000813A1 IE 20000813 A IE20000813 A IE 20000813A IE 20000813 A IE20000813 A IE 20000813A IE 20000813 A1 IE20000813 A1 IE 20000813A1
Authority
IE
Ireland
Prior art keywords
moving apparatus
earth
earth moving
chassis
main
Prior art date
Application number
IE20000813A
Inventor
John Joseph O'flynn
Anne Frances O'connell
Patrick Joseph O'flynn
Cornelius William O'flynn
Thomas Francis Sheedy
Original Assignee
Cornelius William O'flynn
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cornelius William O'flynn filed Critical Cornelius William O'flynn
Priority to IE20000813A priority Critical patent/IE20000813A1/en
Publication of IE20000813A1 publication Critical patent/IE20000813A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/38—Cantilever beams, i.e. booms;, e.g. manufacturing processes, forms, geometry or materials used for booms; Dipper-arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, forms, geometry or materials used for dipper-arms; Bucket-arms
    • E02F3/382—Connections to the frame; Supports for booms or arms
    • E02F3/384—Connections to the frame; Supports for booms or arms the boom being pivotable relative to the frame about a vertical axis
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/32—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working downwardly and towards the machine, e.g. with backhoes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/34—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines
    • E02F3/348—Buckets emptying into a collecting or conveying device
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/96—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements
    • E02F3/963—Arrangements on backhoes for alternate use of different tools
    • E02F3/964—Arrangements on backhoes for alternate use of different tools of several tools mounted on one machine
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
    • E02F9/10—Supports for movable superstructures mounted on travelling or walking gears or on other superstructures
    • E02F9/12—Slewing or traversing gears
    • E02F9/121—Turntables, i.e. structure rotatable about 360°

Abstract

Earth moving apparatus (1) comprises a main chassis (3) carried on four ground engaging driven and steerable wheels (5). A back acter (10) and an operator cab (16) are mounted on a secondary chassis (14) which is swivelable about a main vertical swivel axis (15) through 360 degrees. Additionally, the back acter (10) is swivelably mounted by a main mounting (21) on the secondary chassis (14) through 180 degrees about a secondary vertical swivel axis (29) between an operable earth working orientation and a rearwardly extending inoperative orientation for facilitating driving of the apparatus (1). A skip (12) is pivotally carried on a carrier frame (44) for tipping the skip (12). The carrier frame is in turn carried on a carrier platform (45) which is swivelable about a vertical pivot axis (40) through 180 degrees for facilitating tipping of the skip (12) to the end or respective opposite side of the main chassis (3). The skip (12) is loaded directly by the back acter (10) by swivelling the secondary chassis (14) about the main swivel axis (15). <Figures 1 & 2>

Description

The present invention relates to earth moving apparatus, and also to apparatus for working earth.
Earth moving and earth working apparatus are known. Earth working apparatus, such as earth excavation working apparatus typically comprises a main chassis which is supported on ground engaging wheels or tracks. A secondary chassis is typically swivelably mounted on the main chassis, and a cab and back acter are mounted on the secondary chassis. The back acter typically comprises a boom which is pivotally mounted on and extends from the secondary chassis and carries a dipper arm which in turn is pivotally connected to the boom. A bucket or other suitable earth working device is pivotally connected to the dipper arm. Hydraulic rams operate the back acter for facilitating the digging of a trench or the like with the bucket. One type of earth moving apparatus is typically referred to as a dumper or a dump truck. Such dumpers, typically comprise a chassis supported on ground engaging wheels and a skip which typically is mounted on the chassis and tiltable between a load carrying orientation and a tipping orientation for discharging the load. Accordingly, in the excavation of a trench or indeed any other earth working operation, in general, two vehicles are required. One for carrying out the excavation, such as the vehicle with the back acter, and another vehicle for transferring earth which has been excavated by the back acter vehicle to a desired location. This, causes considerable inconvenience and requires relatively high capital investment in two pieces of apparatus, namely, a back acter apparatus which may also be referred to as a back hoe and a dumper.
Attempts have been made to alleviate this problem. British Patent Specification No. 2,252,095 of Crump and Keacter disclose earth moving apparatus on which a back acter and a skip are mounted on a chassis of the earth moving apparatus. The back acter is arranged for earth working and also for loading the skip. However, the apparatus ofthis British Specification suffers from a number of disadvantages, and a particularly important disadvantage is in the construction and arrangement of the IE000813 back acter. While the back acter is provided for facilitating earth working and loading of the skip, the movement of the back acter is relatively limited, and appears to be only able to pivot through 180° at most from an earth working orientation to a loading orientation for loading the skip. This it will be appreciated is a significant disadvantage.
There is therefore a need for earth moving apparatus which overcomes the problems ofthe prior art, and in particular, the problems associated with the device of British Patent Specification No. 2,252,095.
The present invention is directed towards providing an earth moving apparatus which as well as overcoming the problems of British Patent Specification No. 2,252,095 also overcomes the problems of earth working and earth moving apparatus of the prior art.
According to the invention there is provided earth moving apparatus comprising a main chassis supported on ground engaging motive means, a skip mounted on the main chassis and being tiltable between a load carrying orientation and a tipped orientation for discharging a load therefrom, and a back acter mounted on the main chassis and being operable for working the earth and loading the skip, wherein the back acter is swivelably mounted on the main chassis about a main vertical swivel axis and is swivelable through 360° about the main swivel axis for facilitating working the earth in an area adjacent the main chassis through an angle of at least 270° about the main swivel axis, and for loading the skip.
In one embodiment of the invention the back acter is mounted on a secondary chassis, and the secondary chassis is swivelably mounted on the main chassis about the main swivel axis.
Preferably, a first drive means is provided for rotating the secondary chassis about the main swivel axis.
In another embodiment of the invention the back acter is swivelably mounted on the IE000813 secondary chassis, and is swivelable about a secondary vertical swivel axis between an operable earth working orientation and an inoperative orientation. Preferably, the back acter is swivelable on the secondary chassis through an angle of approximately 180° about the secondary swivel axis. Advantageously, a second drive means is provided for swivelling the back acter about the secondary swivel axis.
In one embodiment of the invention an operator accommodating means is provided on the secondary chassis for accommodating an operator of the back acter. Preferably, the operator accommodating means comprises an operator cab, the operator cab having a viewing aperture for providing visibility therethrough to the operator of the back acter.
In one embodiment of the invention the back acter and the operator cab are located on the secondary chassis relative to each other so that when the back acter is in the operable earth working orientation the viewing aperture provides visibility to the operator of the back acter. Preferably, the operator cab and the back acter are mounted on the secondary chassis so that when the back acter is in the inoperative orientation the back acter does not impair visibility of the operator through the viewing aperture.
In one embodiment of the invention the secondary chassis is operable in a driving position with the viewing aperture of the operator cab facing in a forward direction, and the skip is mounted on the main chassis so that when the secondary chassis is operable in the driving position the skip is disposed rearwardly of the operator cab.
In another embodiment of the invention a powering means is provided for operating the back acter.
In a further embodiment of the invention the first and second drive means are powered by the powering means.
Preferably, the powering means is mounted on the secondary chassis.
Advantageously, the ground engaging motive means is driven by the powering IE000813 means through a transmission means. Ideally, the transmission means between the powering means and the ground engaging motive means transmits drive axially adjacent the main swivel axis to the ground engaging motive means.
In one embodiment ofthe invention the ground engaging motive means comprises four ground engaging wheels. Preferably, each ground engaging wheel is powered by the powering means through the transmission means. Advantageously, at least two of the ground engaging wheels are steerable wheels. Preferably, each of the ground engaging wheels are steerable wheels.
In one embodiment of the invention the main chassis extends between a front end and a rear end, and the back acter is mounted forwardly of the skip.
In another embodiment of the invention a pair of ground engaging jacking means is provided on respective opposite sides of the main chassis for supporting and stabilising the apparatus during operation of the back acter. Preferably, the ground engaging jacking means are disposed towards the rear end of the main chassis.
In another embodiment of the invention an earth working blade is mounted on the main chassis, the earth working blade being operable between an earth engaging position and an inoperative position spaced apart above the earth. Preferably, the earth working blade acts as a jack for jacking and stabilising the apparatus during operation of the back acter. Advantageously, the earth working blade is operable by the powering means between the earth engaging position and the inoperative position.
In one embodiment of the invention a third drive means is provided for tipping the skip between the load carrying orientation and the tipped orientation. Preferably, the third drive means is powered by the powering means.
In one embodiment of the invention the skip is swivelably mounted on the main chassis and is swivelable about a vertical pivot axis. Preferably, the skip is swiveiable about the vertical pivot axis through an angle of approximately 180°.
IE000813 Advantageously, a fourth drive means is provided for swivelling the skip about the pivot axis. Preferably, the fourth drive means is powered by the powering means.
In a further embodiment of the invention the back acter is adapted for receiving a digger bucket. Preferably, the back acter comprises a boom extending from the apparatus and pivotally carrying a dipper arm which is adapted for receiving the bucket.
The advantages ofthe invention are many. A particular important advantage ofthe invention is that the back acter can swivel unimpaired through 360° relative to the main chassis. This, thus facilitates working ofthe earth adjacent the chassis through an angle of approximately 270° around the main swivel axis ofthe back acter. Additionally, by providing 360° of swivelable movement to the back acter relative to the chassis the back acter can approach the skip in two directions, either clockwise or anticlockwise when viewed in plan for loading the skip. This, provides a significant advantage in that it minimises the angular distance through which the back acter must travel about the main swivel axis for loading the skip, and furthermore, should an obstruction be encountered by the back acter when swivelling angularly from an earth working location to the skip, the back acter can swivel in the opposite direction to the skip in order to avoid the obstruction.
The invention will be more clearly understood from the following description of a preferred embodiment thereof which is given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a perspective view of earth moving apparatus according to the invention, Fig. 2 is another perspective view ofthe apparatus of Fig. 1 with some components removed, Fig. 3 is another perspective view of the apparatus of Fig. 1 illustrating parts of the apparatus in a different position to those of Fig. 2, IE000813 Fig. 4 is a further perspective view of the apparatus of Fig. 1, Fig. 5 is another perspective view of the apparatus of Fig. 1 illustrating a part of the apparatus in a further different position, Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a portion of the apparatus of Fig. 1, Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a detail of the apparatus of Fig. 1, Fig. 8 is an exploded perspective view of another detail of the apparatus of Fig. 1, and Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a further detail of the apparatus of Fig. 1.
Referring to the drawings there is illustrated earth moving apparatus according to the invention indicated generally by the reference numeral 1. The apparatus is particularly suitable for excavating and levelling the earth, as well as transferring excavated earth from one location to another. The apparatus 1 comprises a main chassis 3 supported on a ground engaging motive means, namely, four ground engaging wheels 5 which are rotatably carried on the main chassis 3, are driven and are steerable as will be described below. The main chassis 3 extends between a front end 6 and a rear end 7, and a back acter which is indicated generally by the reference numeral 10 is mounted on the main chassis 3 adjacent the front end 6. A skip 12 for receiving earth from the back acter 10 is mounted towards the rear end 7 of the main chassis 3 for facilitating transfer of earth excavated by the back acter 10 from the excavation site to another location.
Turning initially to the back acter 10, the back acter 10 is mounted on a secondary chassis 14, which is swivelably mounted on the main chassis 3, and is swivelable about a main vertical swivel axis 15 through 360° of unrestricted angular travel. A first drive means comprising a first hydraulic drive motor 13 mounted on the secondary chassis 14 rotates the secondary chassis 14 about the main swivel axis IE000813 Ί . The swivelable mounting of the secondary chassis 14 to the main chassis 3 and its rotation by the first drive motor will be described below. An operator accommodating means, namely, an operator cab 16 is mounted on the secondary chassis 14 and is provided with a forwardly facing viewing aperture provided by a front screen 17 for facilitating viewing of the back acter 10 by an operator in the cab 16. Side viewing screens 18 and a rear viewing screen 19 are provided in sides and a rear, respectively of the cab 16 for providing visibility to an operator in the cab 16 around and externally of the cab 16. The front, side and rear screens may be of any suitable transparent material, for example, plastics or glass material. An access opening to the cab 16 which is not illustrated is provided on one side of the cab, and the access opening is closed by a door (also not shown).
The back acter 10 comprises a boom 20 which is pivotally carried on a main mounting 21 which in turn is mounted on the secondary chassis 14. A dipper arm 23 is pivotally connected to the boom 20 and pivotally carries a bucket 24 or other earth working implement. An hydraulic ram 25 operably connected between the main mounting 21 and the boom 20 raises and lowers the boom 20, while an hydraulic ram 26 pivots the dipper arm 23 relative to the boom 20. An hydraulic ram 27 pivots the bucket 24 relative to the dipper arm 23. The arrangement of the boom, dipper arm and bucket of a back acter will be well known to those skilled in the art, as will their operation, and it is not intended to describe the back acter in further detail.
The main mounting 21 for mounting the back acter 10 to the secondary chassis 14 is swivelably mounted on the secondary chassis 14 and is swivelable through approximately 180° about a secondary vertical swivel axis 29, which is offset from the main swivel axis 15 of the secondary chassis 14. The main mounting 21 is located on the secondary chassis 14 to one side of the cab 16, so that by swivelling the main mounting 21 through approximately 180° the back acter 10 is swivelled about the secondary swivel axis 29 between a forwardly extending operable earth working position illustrated in Fig. 1 extending forwardly relative to the front screen 17 of the cab 16 and inoperative orientation with the back acter 10 extending in a general direction rearwardly of the cab 16. In this way when the secondary chassis 14 is oriented into a driving position facing forwardly of the main chassis 3, with the IE000813 front screen 17 of the cab 16 facing forwardly, the back acter 10 when in the inoperative orientation extends rearwardly along one side of the cab 16, and may be rested in the skip 12 while the apparatus 1 is being driven from one location to another, see Fig. 5. A second drive means comprising a pair of hydraulic rams 30, are provided for swivelling the main mounting 21 through 180° for in turn swivelling the back acter 10 between the operable earth working orientation and the inoperative orientation, see Fig. 7.
A powering means provided by an internal combustion engine, typically, a diesel engine (not shown) is mounted on the secondary chassis 14 and is housed within a housing 32 mounted on the secondary chassis 14. The diesel engine (not shown) drives an hydraulic power pack (also not shown) for operating the first drive motor 13, the hydraulic rams 25, 26 and 27 of the back acter 10 and the hydraulic rams 30 for swivelling the main mounting 21 of the back acter 10, as well as for operating other hydraulic components of the apparatus 1 as will be described below.
Turning now to the swivelable mounting of the secondary chassis 14 on the main chassis 3, and referring in particular to Fig. 8, a stationary ring gear 35 having internal gear teeth 39 is mounted and fixed on a carrier plate 33 on the main chassis 3. A ring bearing 36 mounted on the secondary chassis 14 is rotatably carried on the ring gear 35 and is rotatable about the ring gear 35 around the main swivel axis 15. Accordingly, the ring bearing 36 supports the secondary chassis 14 on the ring gear 35, and in turn on the main chassis 3, and facilitates rotation of the secondary chassis 14 on the main chassis 3 about the main swivel axis 15. The first drive motor 13, which is mounted on the secondary chassis 14 drives a pinion (not shown) which engages the internal gear teeth 39 of the ring gear 35 for rotating the secondary chassis 14 relative to the main chassis 3 about the main swivel axis 15. The first drive motor 13 is powered by the hydraulic power pack (not shown) under the control of control valves (also not shown) in the cab 16 which are operated by the operator. The mounting of a secondary chassis carrying a cab and a back acter to a main chassis for facilitating 360° of rotation and the rotation of the secondary chassis relative to the main chassis will be known to those skilled in the art, as will the swivel mounting of a back acter to a secondary chassis for facilitating 180° of swivel of the IE000813 back acter relative to the secondary chassis, and it is not intended to describe the mounting of the secondary chassis 14 to the main chassis 3 or the swivel mounting ofthe main mounting 21 to the secondary chassis 14 in further detail.
Turning now to the skip 12, the skip 12 is also swivelably mounted on the main chassis 3, and is swivelable through an angle of approximately 180° about a main vertical pivot axis 40. Referring in particular to Fig. 9 the skip 12 is pivotally mounted to a carrier frame 44 which in turn is carried on a carrier platform 45 on the main chassis 3. A third drive means comprising a pair of hydraulic rams 46 operably connected between the carrier frame 44 and the skip 12 pivots the skip 12 between a load carrying orientation illustrated in Fig. 1 and a tipped orientation illustrated in Fig. 9 for discharging the contents thereof. The carrier platform 45 is supported on a ring bearing 47 which in turn is mounted on a bearing plate 48 ofthe main chassis 3. A fourth drive means comprising a pair of end mounted hydraulic rams 49 located within the main chassis 3 are operably connected to a cross tree 50 mounted on the underside of the platform 45 and which extends into the main chassis 3 for swivelling the carrier platform 45 and in turn the skip 12 through 180° so that the skip 12 may be tipped to the rear end 7 ofthe main chassis 3, or to respective opposite sides of the main chassis 3. The rams 46 and 49 are powered by the hydraulic power pack through valves (not shown) in the cab 16 which are operated by the operator. The swivelling of such skips on a chassis will be known to those skilled in the art, and it is not intended to describe the swivelling action in more detail here.
A pair of ground engaging jacking means provided by a pair of ground engaging jacks 53 are mounted at the rear end 7 of the main chassis 3 on respective opposites sides thereof. Hydraulic rams 54 operate the jacks 53 between a raised inoperative position illustrated in Fig. 1 and a ground engaging position illustrated in Figs. 2 and 9 for jacking and raising the rear ground engaging wheels 5 off the ground for stabilising the apparatus 1 during operation ofthe back acter 10.
An earth working blade 55 is pivotally carried on a pair of pivot arms 56 which extend from the front end 6 of the main chassis 3. A pair of hydraulic rams 57 operably connected between the main chassis 3 and the earth working blade 55 raises and IE000813 lowers the earth working blade 55 between an earth engaging position illustrated in Fig. 3 for working the earth and an inoperative position spaced apart above the earth as illustrated in Fig. 1. The earth working blade 55 fulfils two functions, firstly it is provided for working the earth, for example, levelling the earth and also for acting as a backstop against earth being collected by the bucket 24. Secondly, the earth working blade 55 acts as a front ground engaging jack for raising the front ground engaging wheels 5 above the ground for jacking and stabilising the apparatus 1 when the back acter 10 is operating.
Suitable control valves are provided in the cab 16 for operating the rams 54 of the jacks 53 and for operating the rams 57 of the earth working blade 55.
The ground engaging wheels 5 are carried on respective hubs 60 which are driven by second hydraulic motors 61 located in the main chassis 3, see Figs. 8 and 9.
Drive shafts (not shown) extend from the corresponding second hydraulic motor 61 to the hubs 60. The drive shafts are carried within tubular housings 62 which in turn are carried on the main chassis 3 by mounting brackets 63. The hubs 60 are steerably carried on the corresponding housing 62 and are steerable about kingpins 65 by hydraulic steering rams 67 also mounted on the main chassis 3 and which are operably connected between the main chassis 3 and corresponding steering arms 68 extending from the corresponding hubs 60. The second hydraulic motors 61 and steering rams 67 are powered by the hydraulic power pack (not shown) through appropriate hydraulic valves in the cab 16 operated by the operator for driving and steering the wheels 5. Hydraulic drive from the valves (not shown) in the cab 16 to the second motors 61, the steering rams 67 as well as the rams 46, 49, 54 and 57 is provided through a rotary valve slip ring connector 69 which is co-axially located within the ring gear 35, and extends through the secondary chassis 14 into the main chassis 3. The rotary valve slip ring connector 69 facilitates unimpaired 360° rotation of the secondary chassis 14 relative to the main chassis 3 about the main swivel axis 15, and such rotary valve slip ring connectors will be well known to those skilled fn the art.
Suitable control valves (not shown) are also provided in the cab 16 for facilitating IE000813 operation ofthe back acter 10.
In use, where it is desired to use the back acter 10 for trench excavation or other earth working, the apparatus 1 is driven to the site at which the earth works are to be carried out. The back acter 10 is swivelled about the secondary swivel axis 29 by the rams 30 into the operable earth working orientation by swivelling the main mounting 21 about the secondary swivel axis 29. In general, the apparatus 1 is jacked off the ground engaging wheels 5 by the jacks 53 and the ground working blade 55 during operation of the back acter 10 for stabilising the apparatus 1. The back acter 10 is operated in conventional fashion and the secondary chassis 14 is swivelled about the main swivel axis 15 by the first drive motor 13 for facilitating transfer of excavated earth into the skip 12. When the skip 12 is full the back acter 10 is swivelled about the secondary swivel axis 29 into the inoperative orientation by swivelling the main mounting 21 through 180° about the secondary swivel axis 29 by the rams 30 so that the back acter 10 extends rearwardly and from one side of the cab 16 as illustrated in Fig. 5. The secondary chassis 14 is located on the main chassis 3 so that the front screen 17 ofthe cab 16 is facing forwardly ofthe main chassis 3. The jacks 53 are raised as is the earth working blade 55 for lowering the apparatus 1 and the ground engaging wheels 5 onto the ground. The apparatus 1 is then ready for driving from one location to another for depositing the earth in the skip 12 at a desired location. On reaching the desired location the skip 12 is tipped for discharging the earth therefrom. The skip 12 may be swivelled about the pivot axis 40 depending as to whether the earth Is to be tipped to the rear end or to one or other side ofthe apparatus 1. When the apparatus 1 has been driven back to the excavation site the jacks 53 and the earth working blade 55 are lowered for stabilising the apparatus 1, and the back acter 10 is again swivelled about the secondary swivel axis 29 from the inoperative orientation to the operable earth working orientation by swivelling the main mounting 21 through 180° about the secondary swivel axis 29.
During operation of the back acter 10, the secondary chassis 14 may be swivelled about the main swivel axis 15 by the first drive motor 13 for facilitating working of the earth by the back acter 10 at any location within an angle of approximately 308° on IE000813 either side and to the front end 6 of the main chassis 3.
Additionally, should it be desired to carry out levelling of the site this can be carried out by driving the apparatus 1 forwardly or rearwardly with the earth working blade 55 appropriately positioned for engaging the earth. Additionally, the earth working blade may act as a backstop for engaging earth to be collected by the bucket 24 of the back acter 10.
A further advantage of the invention is that by virtue of the fact that the back acter 10 is swivelaby mounted about the secondary swivel axis between the operable earth working orientation and the inoperative orientation extending rearwardly of the cab, the secondary chassis 14 may be operated with the cab 16 facing forwardly and with the skip to the rear thereof, which thereby facilitates driving of the apparatus with the skip behind the cab, which thus gives the operator an unrestricted forward view for driving the apparatus forwardly. This is a particularly important advantage which is achieved by the present invention, and which overcomes a problem of existing dump trucks or dumpers, whereby the cab is mounted rearwardly of the skip, and the forward view of the operator or driver is restricted by the skip and can be seriously restricted and impaired if the skip is overloaded or if it is carrying a relatively high load.
While the ring gear which co-operates with the pinion for rotating the secondary chassis relative to the main chassis has been described as a ring gear having internal gear teeth, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the ring gear may be provided with external gear teeth instead.
Additionally, while the apparatus has been described with the back acter being arranged for working the earth at locations within 380° about the main swivel axis, the angle through which the back acter can effectively operate will to some extent depend on the width of the main chassis. The wider the main chassis, the lower will be the angle through which the back acter can operate. However, in general, it is envisaged that provided the widths of the main and secondary chassis are appropriately sized the back acter should be able to operate to work the earth IE000813 adjacent the apparatus 1 within an angle of at least 270° about the main swivel axis.
IE000813

Claims (9)

1. Earth moving apparatus comprising a main chassis (3) supported on ground engaging motive means (5), a skip (12) mounted on the main chassis (3) and being tiltable between a load carrying orientation and a tipped orientation for discharging a load therefrom, and a back acter (10) mounted on the main chassis (3) and being operable for working the earth and loading the skip, characterised in that the back acter (10) is swivelably mounted on the main chassis (3) about a main vertical swivel axis (15) and is swivelable through 360° about the main swivel axis (15) for facilitating working the earth in an area adjacent the main chassis (3) through an angle of at least 270° about the main swivel axis (15), and for loading the skip (12).
2. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 characterised in that the back acter (10) is mounted on a secondary chassis (14), and the secondary chassis (14) is swivelably mounted on the main chassis (3) about the main swivel axis (15). 3. /9 IE000813
3. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 2 characterised in that a first drive means (13) is provided for rotating the secondary chassis (14) about the main swivel axis (15). 4. /9 IE000813
4. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 2 or 3 characterised in that the back acter (10) is swivelably mounted on the secondary chassis (14), and is swivelable about a secondary vertical swivel axis (29) between an operable earth working orientation and an inoperative orientation. 5. /9 LO IE000813
5. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 4 characterised in that the back acter (10) is swivelable on the secondary chassis (14) through an angle of approximately 180° about the secondary swivel axis (29). 6. /9 ίΙΜ Ο bμ* * IE000813
6. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 4 or 5 characterised in that a second drive means (30) is provided for swivelling the back acter (10) about the secondary swivel axis (29).
7. /9 IE000813 7. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in any of Claims 4 to 6 characterised in IE000813 that an operator accommodating means (16) is provided on the secondary chassis (14) for accommodating an operator of the back acter (10). 8. /9 IE000813
8. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 7 characterised in that the operator accommodating means (16) comprises an operator cab (16), the operator cab (16) having a viewing aperture (17) for providing visibility therethrough to the operator of the back acter (10). 9. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 8 characterised in that the back acter (10) and the operator cab (16) are located on the secondary chassis (14) relative to each other so that when the back acter (10) is in the operable earth working orientation the viewing aperture (17) provides visibility to the operator ofthe back acter (10). 10. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 8 or 9 characterised in that the operator cab (16) and the back acter (10) are mounted on the secondary chassis (14) so that when the back acter (10) is in the inoperative orientation the back acter (10) does not impair visibility ofthe operator through the viewing aperture (17). 11. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in any of Claims 8 to 10 characterised in that the secondary chassis (14) is operable in a driving position with the viewing aperture (17) ofthe operator cab (16) facing in a forward direction, and the skip (12) is mounted on the main chassis (3) so that when the secondary chassis (14) is operable in the driving position the skip (12) is disposed rearwardly of the operator cab (16). 12. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in any of Claims 2 to 11 characterised in that a powering means (32) is provided for operating the back acter (10). 13. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 12 characterised in that the first and second drive means (13,20) are powered by the powering means (32). 14. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 10 characterised in that the IE000813 powering means (32) is mounted on the secondary chassis (14). 15. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in any of Claims 12 to 14 characterised in that the ground engaging motive means (5) is driven by the powering means (32) through a transmission means (69). 16. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 15 characterised in that the transmission means (69) between the powering means (32) and the ground engaging motive means (5) transmits drive axially adjacent the main swivel axis (15) to the ground engaging motive means (5). 17. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in any of Claims 12 to 16 characterised in that the ground engaging motive means (5) comprises four ground engaging wheels (5). 18. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 17 characterised in that each ground engaging wheel (5) is powered by the powering means (32) through the transmission means. 19. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 17 or 18 characterised in that at least two of the ground engaging wheels (5) are steerable wheels. 20. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in any of Claims 17 to 19 characterised in that each of the ground engaging wheels (5) are steerable wheels. 21. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim characterised in that the main chassis (3) extends between a front end (6) and a rear end (7), and the back acter (10) is mounted forwardly of the skip (12). 22. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 21 characterised in that a pair of ground engaging jacking means (53) is provided on respective opposite sides of the main chassis (3) for supporting and stabilising the apparatus (1) during operation of the back acter (10). IE000813 23. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 22 characterised in that the ground engaging jacking means (53) are disposed towards the rear end (7) of the main chassis (3). 24. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim characterised in that an earth working blade (55) is mounted on the main chassis (3), the earth working blade (55) being operable between an earth engaging position and an inoperative position spaced apart above the earth. 25. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 24 characterised in that the earth working biade (55) acts as a jack for jacking and stabilising the apparatus (1) during operation of the back acter (10). 26. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 24 or 25 characterised in that the earth working blade (55) is operable by the powering means (32) between the earth engaging position and the inoperative position. 27. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim characterised in that a third drive means (46) is provided for tipping the skip (12) between the load carrying orientation and the tipped orientation. 28. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 27 characterised in that the third drive means (46) is powered by the powering means (32). 29. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim characterised in that the skip (12) is swivelably mounted on the main chassis (3) and is swivelable about a vertical pivot axis (40). 30. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 27 characterised in that the skip (12) is swivelable about the vertical pivot axis (40) through an angle of approximately 180°. IE000813 31. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 29 or 30 characterised in that a fourth drive means (49) is provided for swivelling the skip (12) about the pivot axis (40). 5 32. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 31 characterised in that the fourth drive means (49) is powered by the powering means (32). 33. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim characterised in that the back acter (10) is adapted for receiving a digger bucket (24). io 34. Earth moving apparatus as claimed in Claim 33 characterised in that the back acter (10) comprises a boom (20) extending from the apparatus and pivotally carrying a dipper arm (23) which is adapted for receiving the bucket (24). 15 35. Earth moving apparatus substantially as described herein with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. F.F. GORMAN & CO. IE000813 IE000813 IE000813
9. /9 <5\ Μ
IE20000813A 1999-10-08 2000-10-09 "Earth Moving apparatus" IE20000813A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IE20000813A IE20000813A1 (en) 1999-10-08 2000-10-09 "Earth Moving apparatus"

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IE990835 1999-10-08
IE20000813A IE20000813A1 (en) 1999-10-08 2000-10-09 "Earth Moving apparatus"

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IE20000812A IES20000812A2 (en) 1999-10-08 2000-10-09 Earth moving apparatus

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WO (1) WO2001027397A1 (en)

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AT411836B (en) * 2001-07-09 2004-06-25 Reinhold Frauscher Tool change device for working vehicles has support plate with four spaced wide apart vertically extendable struts extending outwards and/or upwards at right angles to support plate with support plate in horizontal position
WO2003033828A1 (en) * 2001-10-12 2003-04-24 Clark Equipment Company Wheeled work machine
US6729830B2 (en) 2001-10-12 2004-05-04 Clark Equipment Compnay Wheeled work machine and frame assembly
CA2522316A1 (en) * 2003-04-17 2004-10-28 Silvatech Global Systems Ltd. Swing boom pivot mechanism
DE102010001838A1 (en) * 2010-02-11 2011-08-11 Ellinger, Ludwig, 94116 Excavator / Work Equipment with Removable Attachment Tool
US9617711B2 (en) * 2014-03-21 2017-04-11 Donald J. MURTHA Excavator
GB2531762A (en) 2014-10-29 2016-05-04 Bamford Excavators Ltd Working machine
GB2531765B (en) * 2014-10-29 2017-09-13 Bamford Excavators Ltd An undercarriage for a working machine
CN109853648B (en) * 2019-01-16 2021-07-13 武汉科技大学 Digging machine

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US3868982A (en) * 1972-12-15 1975-03-04 Koehring Co Method of harvesting and accumulating trees
US4148526A (en) * 1978-01-13 1979-04-10 Koehring Canada Limited Apparatus for sorting trees
JPS58127839A (en) * 1982-01-25 1983-07-30 Inasaka Haguruma Seisakusho:Kk Working vehicle
EP0187944B1 (en) * 1982-07-22 1989-11-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Hikoma Seisakusho Earth-working machine
GB8431927D0 (en) * 1984-12-18 1985-01-30 W M Services Excavating apparatus
DE3644497A1 (en) * 1986-12-24 1988-07-07 Schaeff Karl Gmbh & Co MULTIPURPOSE SIGN ON AN EXCAVATOR

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AU7550700A (en) 2001-04-23
WO2001027397A1 (en) 2001-04-19

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