JP3646441B2 - Transporter - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a transporting vehicle that loads earth and sand, crushed material, agricultural crops, and the like and transfers them to a predetermined transporting means.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, in civil engineering work, there are operations such as excavation of earth and sand and crushing asphalt, concrete, etc. in order to perform leveling, road repair, sewage pipe embedding, removal of structures, and the like. This type of work is usually performed using a hydraulic excavator. A hydraulic excavator has a front working mechanism consisting of a boom, an arm and a front attachment. When a bucket is used as the front attachment in this front working mechanism, excavation of earth and sand can be performed, and earth and debris etc. Can be transferred to other places. Moreover, if a crusher is attached as a front attachment, it is possible to peel off asphalt on the road or crush large blocks. Furthermore, if a breaker is attached, concrete or the like can be destroyed.
[0003]
Sediment, debris, etc. discharged when excavation, crushing, and the like are performed with the hydraulic excavator described above must be carried out from the work site using an appropriate transportation means. A typical example of this transportation means is a dump truck. That is, the dump truck is arranged in the vicinity of the working place of the hydraulic excavator at the work site, the bucket in the front working mechanism of the hydraulic excavator is operated, the earth and sand, debris, etc. are scooped up and loaded on the loading platform of the dump truck. When the dump truck's loading platform is full of earth and sand, this dump truck is moved, and a new dump truck is moved to a position where it can be loaded with earth and sand by a hydraulic excavator. Carry out the excavated earth and sand.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in order to load excavated earth and sand from the excavator to the dump truck, the dump truck has to enter the position where the excavator is actually operating. However, there are cases where the dump truck cannot reach the position where the excavator is operating due to various factors.
[0005]
Work is also done in places where dump trucks cannot travel. In recent civil engineering works such as leveling, grooving, embedding of sewer pipes, etc. are performed on narrow roads where structures and the like exist on both sides, such as alleys. In order to work in such a narrow place, a so-called mini excavator called a mini excavator is used. Even with such a mini excavator, a large amount of earth and sand and debris are discharged, but if a large dump truck cannot enter this narrow space, the earth and sand are deposited at an appropriate location. Measures such as loading and unloading an object on a man-powered vehicle such as a cat car are necessary, and the discharged material cannot be efficiently carried out, resulting in a decrease in workability.
[0006]
Further, the dump truck travels on a general road, and has a structure suitable for traveling in a place where traveling conditions are good to some extent. For example, it may be impossible to travel on a muddy land, a place where large rubble is scattered, or other bad roads. Therefore, if the dump truck cannot travel or is inappropriate for traveling at the work site and its surroundings, the dump truck cannot be put into a position where it is possible to load objects to be transported such as earth and sand or debris.
[0007]
As described above, there are various restrictions on carrying out dump trucks for earth and sand and rubble discharged at work sites such as civil engineering works. In addition to civil engineering work, for example, agricultural crops obtained from farmland etc. However, in order to carry out this work, it may not be possible to directly bring the transportation means such as a truck into the harvesting site.
[0008]
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid- Open No. 6-127298 discloses a configuration of a self-propelled transport vehicle. A dump mechanism is mounted on the platform of this transport vehicle. In order to raise and lower the platform from the vehicle body, a cross link is provided between the vehicle body and the platform and a cylinder is provided. It is configured to move up and down. Then, depending on whether one slide moving part in the cross link is guided in the horizontal direction or in the inclined direction, the loading platform is lifted straight upward or is operated to swing obliquely upward You can make a selection.
[0009]
However, in the transport vehicle having a loading platform with a dump mechanism in this prior art, it can be loaded on the loading platform and moved from one place to another, but it is not suitable for transfer to a dump truck or the like. It has become. That is, when a transport vehicle is placed in the position close to the dump truck's bed and the carrier's bed is swung upward, it is in the middle of this swinging operation, from before the upper position of the dump truck's bed. Since the load starts to fall, there is a disadvantage that a certain amount of the load spills between the transport vehicle and the dump truck.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points. The object of the present invention is to displace the vessel in the direction of the portion to be reliably transferred and then tilt the vessel to load the load. The purpose of this is to make it possible to transfer it to transportation means without spilling in the dark.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention provides a vehicle body that is connected to traveling means and is provided with a vessel having a predetermined load capacity and an upper opening, and the vehicle body is a turning device. The traveling means is provided so as to be able to turn, and a rotating base is provided on the chassis, and a front working mechanism including a boom, an arm and a bucket is mounted on the rotating base, and the front working mechanism is are those capable of at least 180 ° rotation in the horizontal direction by the rotation base, between the vessel side and chassis side, a tilting means for lifting means and tilting lifting the vessel is provided, and wherein The elevating means is characterized by comprising horizontal guide means that horizontally moves in one direction when the vessel is raised.
[0012]
Here, the vessel is provided such that one end or the vicinity of the vessel is connected to the vessel support member so as to be tiltable, and the vessel is lifted and moved horizontally by the lifting means together with the vessel support member and the vessel. Further, the vessel can be configured to be tilted with respect to the vessel support member by the tilting means. The elevating means comprises an elevating drive means, a pair of link plates provided between the chassis and the vessel support member, one link plate pivotally attached to the chassis side and the vessel side, and the chassis And a horizontal guide means which is provided in a horizontal direction on the vessel support member and guides both ends of the other link plate of the cross link so as to be movable in opposite directions when the vessel is raised and lowered. In this case, the tilting means is interposed between the vessel and the vessel support member. Further, one end of the elevating drive means is connected to the chassis, and the other end can be connected to one link plate or frame of the cross link.
[0013]
Here, the traveling means may be of a wheel type, but is configured by a crawler type traveling body having a pair of left and right crawler belts in preparation for traveling in a place where traveling conditions are extremely bad such as mud land. Is preferred. Since the chassis is configured to be able to turn with respect to the traveling means, the load such as earth and sand and debris in the vessel can be discharged in an arbitrary direction. In addition, the loading operation on the vessel is performed using a front working mechanism including a boom, an arm, and a bucket provided on the chassis. That is, it is configured as a transport vehicle with a so-called working mechanism that allows the transport vehicle itself to perform loading work on the vessel. The front working mechanism is mounted on a rotation base that can turn at least 180 ° with respect to the chassis.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention are described below. First, FIGS. 1 to 4 show a basic configuration of the transport vehicle excluding the front working mechanism in order to more clearly explain the configuration and operation of the vessel . As shown in FIG. 1, the transport vehicle is roughly composed of traveling means 1, a chassis 2 provided on the upper part of the traveling means 1, and a vessel 3 installed so as to be movable up and down with respect to the chassis 2.
[0015]
The vessel 3 is an upper open type container capable of loading a predetermined volume of earth and sand. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the vessel 3 is connected to a frame 4 as a vessel support member at one end thereof. 5 is pivotally connected in the vertical direction, and is always held in a horizontal state, and can be tilted at a predetermined angle with respect to the frame 4 around the connecting pin 5 from the horizontal state.
[0016]
The frame 4 is connected to the chassis 2 via a cross link 6. The cross link 6 has a pair of link plates 6a and 6b, and both the link plates 6a and 6b are of the same length, and are connected to each other by a connecting pin 7 at an intermediate position, preferably a bisecting position. It is pivotally connected. One link plate 6 a has a lower end pivotally attached to the chassis 2 by a pivot pin 8 and an upper end pivotally attached to the frame 4 by a pivot pin 9. On the other hand, rollers 10 and 11 are connected to both ends of the other link plate 6b, and these rollers 10 and 11 are horizontally extended in the horizontal direction on the chassis 2 and the frame 4, respectively. It can roll along the guide members 12 and 13. Therefore, when the cross link 6 is operated, the roller 10 and the roller 11 roll in opposite directions along the horizontal guide members 12 and 13, respectively.
[0017]
Further, an elevating hydraulic cylinder 14 as an elevating drive means is interposed between the chassis 2 and the link plate 6 a of the cross link 6. The elevating hydraulic cylinder 14, the cross link 6, and the horizontal guide member 12 are interposed. , 13 constitute lifting means. Further, a tilting hydraulic cylinder 15 is interposed between the frame 4 and the vessel 3, and the tilting hydraulic cylinder 15 is a tilting means for tilting the vessel 3. Here, it is assumed that both the connecting part to the chassis 2 and the link plate 6a in the lifting hydraulic cylinder 14 and the connecting part to the frame 4 and the vessel 3 in the tilting hydraulic cylinder 15 are pivotable.
[0018]
By configuring as described above, when the lifting hydraulic cylinder 14 and the tilting hydraulic cylinder 15 are both held in the contracted state, the vessel 3 is lowered most directly above the chassis 2 as shown in FIG. The position, that is, the loading position of the load.
[0019]
When the lifting hydraulic cylinder 14 is extended from this state, the cross link 6 provided between the chassis 2 and the frame 4 is operated, and the frame 4 connected to the vessel 3 is raised. However, the frame 4 does not rise straight, but the link plate 6a in the cross link 6 shows a movement that rotates about the pivot pin 8 as a fulcrum, so that the direction away from the chassis 2 depending on the rotation angle, That is, the connecting portion side to the frame 4 in the vessel 3 moves so as to be forward in the traveling direction. At this time, the rollers 10 and 11 provided at both ends of the other link plate 6b move in the horizontal direction along the horizontal guide members 12 and 13, respectively, and further move away from each other. The height position of the pivot pin 9 and the height position of the roller 11 are always kept in the same state. Accordingly, the frame 4 and the vessel 3 rise and move in the horizontal direction, and as shown in FIG. 3, the vessel 3 rises from the chassis 2 and horizontally moves away from the chassis 2. The position of the extension stroke end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 14 is the rising position of the vessel 3.
[0020]
When the tilting hydraulic cylinder 15 is extended at the raised position of the vessel 3, the vessel 3 tilts with the connecting pin 5 as the center so that the end portion on the free side is lifted with respect to the frame 4. As a result, the vessel 3 is displaced to the transfer position shown in FIG. Here, since the position of the connecting portion of the vessel 3 to the frame 4 by the connecting pin 5 is the front position in the horizontal movement direction when the vessel 3 is raised, this position is the position farthest from the chassis 2. Become.
[0021]
Therefore, the vessel 3 has the loading position shown in FIG. 2, and earth, sand, debris, etc. are loaded in the vessel 3 and, for example, run to a position close to the dump truck T as shown in FIG. Then, when the lifting hydraulic cylinder 14 is operated, the vessel 3 is lifted from the chassis 2 and moved horizontally above the loading platform B of the dump truck T by the action of the cross link 6. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the vessel 3 is disposed at the upper position of the loading platform B. When the tilting hydraulic cylinder 15 is operated after the vessel 3 is in the raised position, as shown in FIG. 4, the vessel 3 is centered on the portion connected to the frame 4 by the connecting pin 5 and the other side is upward. Tilt to lift up. Thereby, the load of the vessel 3 can be transferred to the loading platform B. Here, in order to perform the transfer from the vessel 3 more smoothly and reliably, an opening / closing plate 3a is provided on the side surface of the vessel 3 on the connection side to the connection pin 5, and the opening / closing plate 3a is centered on the upper end side. Enable tilt operation. As a result, the load in the vessel 3 can be reliably and completely transferred to the loading platform B, and the loading is not spilled from the loading platform B of the dump truck T in the middle of the transfer.
[0022]
Here, for example, the transport vehicle is used for traveling in a place where the dump truck T is not suitable for traveling, and transferring the load to the dump truck T. The traveling conditions are not bad, but when traveling in narrow places, the traveling means may be wheel type, but for traveling on bad roads and mud land where rubble and others are scattered, As shown in FIG. 1, the traveling means 1 is a crawler traveling body composed of a crawler belt 1c wound between a sprocket 1a and an idler 1b, and a pair of left and right crawler traveling bodies are provided. . Also, as the crawler belt 1c, it is advantageous to use a so-called rubber crawler belt formed of rubber which is an elastic member for driving on rough roads and reducing the weight of the entire vehicle.
[0023]
When the vessel 3 is in the raised position, it is displaced in the horizontal direction, but this displacement direction is one direction. However, it is more convenient to carry out the transfer work by providing variations in the direction in which the load is transferred from the vessel 3. For this purpose, a turning device 16 is interposed between the traveling means 1 and the chassis 2. The turning device 16 is provided between a traveling body frame that supports a pair of left and right crawler traveling bodies constituting the traveling means and a chassis frame of the chassis 2, and has an outer ring and an inner ring, and is provided on the inner surface side of the inner ring. A well-known swivel device provided in a normal working machine, in which a gear is formed, a pinion driven by a swivel hydraulic motor is mounted on the chassis frame side, and the pinion is engaged with the gear can be used. . Thus, when the chassis 2 provided with the vessel 3 can turn, for example, when the dump truck B and the loading platform B of the rack T are located on the side in the traveling direction of the transport vehicle, the dump truck T By rotating the chassis 2 by a predetermined angle at a position close to the vehicle, the load can be smoothly transferred from the vessel 3 to the loading platform B.
[0024]
As described above, when the transport vehicle has a structure suitable for traveling in a narrow space, it is necessary to form the whole as compact as possible. For this purpose, equipment necessary for the operation of the transport vehicle, that is, equipment such as an engine and a hydraulic pump is installed in the machine room 17 provided in the chassis 2, but the operator does not board and operate, but wirelessly The structure can be operated by a remote control method. This makes it possible to use the vessel 3 that is compact and has a large capacity as long as the cab is not provided, and can carry the load in a narrow space very efficiently.
[0025]
In the above description, it has been described that the load is transported from one place to another by a transport vehicle and transferred to a dump truck or the like . However, in the present invention, transport of earth and sand, debris, and the like is performed. In addition to this, the transport vehicle is configured as a transport vehicle with a work mechanism provided with a work mechanism for loading these sediments, debris, and the like onto the vessel 3. FIG. 5 shows a specific configuration of the transport vehicle provided with a working mechanism.
[0026]
Thus, in FIG. 5, reference numeral 20 denotes a rotation base, and this rotation base 20 is mounted on the chassis 2 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction by the same mechanism as that of the turning device 16 described above. . A front working mechanism 21 is installed on the rotating base 20. The front working mechanism 21 includes a boom 22 that is connected to the rotating base 20 so as to be able to move up and down, an arm 23 that is connected to the tip of the boom 22 so as to be able to rotate in the vertical direction, and It is comprised from the bucket 24 connected so that rotation in the direction was possible. A boom cylinder 25 is provided between the boom 22 and the rotation base 20, an arm cylinder 26 is provided between the boom 22 and the arm 23, and a bucket cylinder 27 is provided between the arm 23 and the bucket 24. Are connected to each other. The above configuration is the same as that of the front working mechanism of the hydraulic excavator installed on the upper-part turning body. Therefore, the detailed illustration and description of the mechanism are omitted.
[0027]
In this way, by providing the front working mechanism 21 in the transport vehicle, for example, excavating earth and sand, loading the excavated earth and sand on the vessel 3, and when the earth and sand are fully loaded in the vessel 3, the dump truck T and the like It can be self-propelled to the place where it is placed and transferred to the loading platform. That is, when the front work mechanism 21 is arranged at the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 5, work such as earth excavation can be performed. When the earth and sand are excavated, the bucket 24 is moved to the upper position of the vessel 3 as shown by the phantom line in FIG. When the bucket 24 is operated in this state, the earth and sand accommodated in the bucket 24 can be loaded on the vessel 3. Here, when performing operations such as excavation of earth and sand and operations such as loading of excavated earth and sand, the rotation base 20 is required to rotate at least approximately 180 °. The drive for rotating is not the same as that of the turning device, and for example, a crank mechanism or the like can be used.
[0028]
In the case where the transport vehicle is configured as a transport vehicle with a work mechanism that allows the front work mechanism 21 to perform operations such as excavation of earth and sand, etc., in addition to simply transporting and transferring the load, a wireless remote control system However, it is preferable from the viewpoint of work efficiency and the like that the operator can board and perform the operation. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 6, not only the front work mechanism 21 but also the driver seat 30 and the driver seat 30 around the rotating base 20 that is rotatably installed on the chassis 2. An operating means 31 such as an operating lever is provided. As a result, the driver's seat 30 and the front working mechanism 21 are always kept in the same positional relationship. Therefore, when performing excavation work, the driver's seat 30 faces the excavation position and is loaded on the vessel 3. Then, the driver's seat 30 also faces the vessel 3. Therefore, in performing these combined operations, each operation can be performed smoothly and the safety of these operations is ensured.
[0029]
By the way, in a transport vehicle with a work mechanism equipped with a front work mechanism 21 capable of excavation work, this transport vehicle is dug on a narrow road such as an alley, and the excavated earth and sand is loaded on the vessel 3 so that it is wide. A series of operations such as transfer to the loading platform B of the dump truck T waiting on the road can be performed.
[0030]
For this purpose, as described above, the traveling means 1 is configured as a crawler type traveling body having a rubber crawler belt, and the rotation base 20 is installed in the chassis 2. Provide a front working mechanism. Moreover, you may provide a driver's seat in the rotation base 20 as needed. Here, as the front working mechanism, a front working mechanism 40 with an offset mechanism as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is used. The front working mechanism 40 with the offset mechanism includes a first boom 41 that is connected to the rotation base 20 so as to be able to be lifted and lowered, and is horizontally connected to the first boom 41 via a first horizontal rotation shaft 42. The boom is composed of a second boom 43 that is pivotably connected in a direction and a support bracket 45 that is pivotally connected to the tip of the second boom 43 via a second horizontal pivot shaft 44. The arm 46 is connected to the support bracket 45 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. Further, the bucket 47 is connected to the tip of the arm 46. A boom cylinder 48 is provided between the rotating base 20 and the first boom 41, an arm cylinder 49 is provided between the support bracket 45 and the arm 46, and a bucket cylinder is provided between the arm 46 and the bucket 47. 50 are connected to each other.
[0031]
The second boom 43 can be rotated in a horizontal direction by a predetermined angle with respect to the first boom 41, and the axes of the support bracket 45, the arm 46 and the bucket 47 can be rotated in the horizontal direction. However, it is maintained in a state parallel to the axis of the first boom 41. In order to rotate the second boom 43 with respect to the first horizontal rotation shaft 42, an offset hydraulic cylinder 51 is provided between the first boom 41 and the second boom 43. Further, in order to keep the axes of the support bracket 45, the arm 46 and the bucket 47 parallel to the axis of the first boom 41 even when the second boom 43 rotates in the horizontal direction, the first boom 41 and the support bracket The mounting plates 41a and 45a are extended from the mounting plate 41, and a connecting rod 52 is installed between the mounting plates 41a and 45a. The connecting rod 52, the mounting plates 41a and 45a, and the second boom 43 constitute a parallelogram link mechanism.
[0032]
When the front working mechanism 40 as described above is mounted on the rotation base 20 to operate the offset hydraulic cylinder 51 and rotate the second boom 43 by a predetermined angle, the support bracket 45, the arm 46, and The bucket 47 moves in parallel to the axis of the first boom 41, and the position of the bucket 47 is offset by this movement amount ΔD. As a result, the bucket 47 can be arranged at a position biased toward the side of the chassis 2, and by excavating with the bucket 47, side digging can be performed along the boundary portion between the road and the structure.
[0033]
Since the earth and sand excavated by the bucket 47 can be loaded on the vessel 3 by rotating the rotary base 20 in the horizontal direction, the ditching can be continued until the earth and sand are fully loaded in the vessel 3. Then, when the vessel 3 is fully loaded with earth and sand, the self-propelled to the position where the dump truck T is waiting, and by operating the lifting hydraulic cylinder 14, the vessel 3 full of earth and sand is rising, It moves horizontally in the direction of the upper position of the loading platform B of the dump truck T. When the tilting hydraulic cylinder 15 is actuated after reaching the ascending position, the vessel 3 tilts around the connecting pin 5 of the frame 4, and as a result, the loaded earth and sand are transferred from the vessel 3 to the loading platform B of the dump truck T. Can be transferred to. Therefore, when the earth and sand are transferred and the vessel 3 becomes empty, it is possible to return to the work site again and continue the ditching. Further, when the horizontal movement direction when the vessel 3 is raised and the position of the loading platform B of the dump truck T are different, the turning device 16 is operated to turn the chassis 2 by a predetermined angle to move the vessel 3 horizontally. The direction can be changed so that the loading platform B of the dump truck T is positioned in the direction.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, by operating the front working mechanism at a work site where earth and sand, rubble, etc. exist, these earth and sand and rubble are efficiently loaded on the vessel, and the traveling body appropriately The part where the vessel should be transferred easily and quickly by moving to the place where the transportation means etc. is arranged, adjusting the direction of the vessel by turning the chassis as appropriate, raising the vessel and moving it horizontally By tilting the vessel in this state, various effects such as quick and reliable transfer of the load can be achieved without causing spillage.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a transport vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an operation state of the vessel in the transport vehicle of FIG. 1 in which traveling means is omitted, and is an operation explanatory diagram in a state where the vessel is arranged at a loading position.
FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram in a state where a vessel is arranged at a raised position.
FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory diagram in a state where a vessel is arranged at a transfer position.
FIG. 5 is a side view of a construction of a transport vehicle with a work mechanism in which a work mechanism is provided on the transport vehicle.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing a transport vehicle with a working mechanism provided with a driver's seat.
FIG. 7 is a side view of a state where a front working mechanism having an offset mechanism is mounted on a transport vehicle with a working mechanism.
FIG. 8 is a plan view of a front working mechanism having an offset mechanism.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Traveling means 2 Chassis 3 Vessel 4 Frame 5 Connecting pin 6 Cross link 6a, 6b Link board 7 Connecting pin 8, 9 Pivoting pins 10, 11 Roller 12, 13 Horizontal guide means 14 Lifting hydraulic cylinder 15 Tilting hydraulic cylinder 16 Rotating device 21 Rotating base 21, 40 Front working mechanism 30 Driver's seat 31 Operating means

Claims (3)

In a chassis that is connected to the traveling means and has a predetermined loading capacity and is equipped with a vessel with an open top,
The chassis is provided so as to be able to turn to the traveling means via a turning device,
A rotating base is provided on the chassis, and a front working mechanism including a boom, an arm, and a bucket is mounted on the rotating base, and the front working mechanism is rotated at least 180 degrees horizontally by the rotating base. Is possible,
Between the vessel side and chassis side, and the tilting means are provided for raising and lowering means and tilting elevating the vessel, and the elevating means, when raised the vessel, horizontal in one direction movement A transport vehicle characterized by comprising a horizontal guide means.   The vessel is provided such that one end or the vicinity of the vessel is tiltably connected to the vessel support member, and a tilting means is provided between the vessel support member and the vessel. It comprises a drive means, a pair of link plates provided between the chassis and the vessel support member, one link plate pivotally attached to the chassis side and the vessel side, respectively, and the chassis and the vessel support member. The horizontal guide means provided in the horizontal direction and configured to guide both ends of the other link plate of the cross link so as to be movable in opposite directions to each other when the vessel is raised and lowered. Truck.   2. The transport vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the traveling means is configured by a crawler traveling body having a pair of left and right crawler belts.

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